神经症患者超氧化物歧化酶,谷胱甘肽超氧化物酶及脂质超氧…

为研究氧自由基与神经症之间的关系，分别采用邻苯三酚自氧化法，二硫对硝基苯甲酸直接法，硫代巴比妥酸比色法，测定了８７例神经症和５５名健康人超氧化物歧化酶，谷胱甘肽超氧化物酶和脂眼氧化物含量。结果显示，神经症组ＳＯＤ与ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ两种酶含量均低于对照组，神经症组治疗前低于治疗后；ＬＰＯ为治疗前高于治疗后，差异均有显著性。     

抗精神病药所致迟发性运动障碍患者血浆超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性及丙二醛浓度的改变

目的探讨抗精神病药所致迟发性运动障碍(TD)患者体内自由基代谢状况与TD的关系。方法测定119例TD(TD组)、46例非TD(非TD组)慢性精神分裂症患者及44名正常人(对照组)血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(Gpx)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)浓度,并在TD组中选取46例一般状况与非TD组、对照组匹配的患者进行三组间方差分析;生化指标与异常不自主运动量表(AIMS)总分间的相关性采用直线相关分析。结果(1)对照组血浆SOD活性[(98±11)×103U/L]、Gpx活性[(143±31)×103U/L]高于TD患者[44例,SOD(85±15)×103U/L,Gpx(101±29)×103U/L]及非TD组[SOD(93±16)×103U/L,Gpx(117±39)×103U/L];对照组MDA浓度[(2.6±1.5)mmol/L]低于TD患者[44例,(13.5±8.8)mmol/L]及非TD组[(7.3±6.5)mmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);(2)TD患者(44例)血浆SOD活性、MDA浓度与非TD组间的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);(3)AIMS总分与SOD、MDA均有显著相关(r=-0.225,r=0.225,均P<0.05)。结论TD患者的血浆抗氧化酶、脂质过氧化物异常,自由基代谢障碍可能与TD关系密切。     

脑梗塞患者超氧化物岐化酶与血清铜、锌含量的临床观察

本文采用放免法和ＧＦＵ－２０２原子吸收分光光度计测定５７例脑梗塞病人的ＳＯＤ和血清铜锌含量。１７例发病７天内、４０例８～２０天内测定ＳＯＤ，与正常对照组（２５例）比较有显著和极显著差异。５７例血清铜，锌含量与正常对照组比较有显著差异；铜，锌含量与ＳＯＤ活性下降呈十分显著正相关性（Ｐ＜１％）。提示脑梗塞病人随着病程的增长ＳＯＤ活性下降，梗塞后血清铜、锌含量下降，显示微量元素与ＳＯＤ一样对脑梗塞后的脑细胞损害有着密切关系。     

情感性精神障碍患者脂质过氧化物、超氧化物歧化酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的观察

自由基与精神疾病的关系已成为精神医学领域中较活跃的研究方向。文献报道精神分裂症存在自由基及酶防御系统的改变［１,２］,而情感性精神障碍与自由基关系仍未明确。我们对１３６例情感性精神障碍患者的脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨＰｘ）进行了观察分析。１对象：患者组共选择情感性精神障碍住院患者１３６例,均符合中国精神疾病分类与诊断标准第２版修订本的情感性精神障碍诊断标准,无心、肝、肾、脑血管及内分泌疾病,２个月内未服抗精神病药物。１３６例中男６２例,女７４…     

精神分裂症患者血铜锌超氧化物歧化酶含量变化与疗效等相关因素的研究

采用肾上腺素自氧化法测定了９８例精神分裂症患者和１０２例健康者血铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ）含量。结果显示：精神分裂症患者中已经缓解和显著进步的患者血ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ含量治疗后明显下降，而病情进步和无效的患者血ＣｕＺｕ－ＳＯＤ含量无明显变化。伴有阳性家族史或异常脑电图患者血ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ含量也明显下降。本文讨论了精神分裂症患者血ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ含量变化与疗效等相关因素之间关系的意义。     

血铜锌超氧化物歧化酶含量变化与不同精神疾病的相关性研究

采用双抗体放射免疫法测定精神分裂症１３２例、情感性障碍６２例、神经症５０例及１２８例健康者血铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（ｃｕｚｎ－ＳＯＤ）含量。结果显示：精神分裂症和躁狂患者基础血ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ较健康对照者显著增高，神经症和抑郁症则无明显差异。精神分裂症和躁狂症治疗后基础酶含量显著下降，抑郁症则明显增高。从儿茶酚胺代谢与生成氧自山基的生化联系，对上述精神疾病患者血ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ含量改变的意义作了讨论。     

脑缺血对局部超氧化物岐化酶、丙二醛水平的影响

建立大鼠右大脑中动脉栓塞（ＲｉｇｈｔＭｉｄｄｌｅＣｅｒｅｂｒａｌＡｒｔｅｒｙＯｃｌｕｓｉｏｎＲ－ＭＣＡＯ）模型,检测局部缺血后不同时间左右脑组织超氧化物岐化酶（ＳｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅＤｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅＳＯＤ）、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量,发现Ｒ－ＭＣＡＯ１０分钟始,缺血脑组织ＳＯＤ即降低,至３０分钟后恢复,而ＭＤＡ则在Ｒ－ＭＣＡＯ６０分钟后持续升高。说明缺血后ＳＯＤ活力下降、致ＭＤＡ蓄积,是造成脑组织损伤的机制之一。     

海嘧啶对小鼠肝脏脂质过氧化反应的影响

目的观察海嘧啶对荷瘤小鼠肝脏脂质过氧化反应的影响。方法S180（骨肉瘤）及EAC（艾氏腹水癌）荷瘤小鼠随机分为三组：正常组、阴性对照组和海嘧啶治疗组。海嘧啶治疗组：小鼠接瘤后24h后腹腔注射药物,50mg／kg。连续给药7d。阴性对照组给相同体积的生理盐水。分别测定肝组织的LPO、GSH—PX和SOD的含量。结果荷瘤小鼠肝中LPO含量升高,而GSH—PX和SOD均含量降低;海嘧啶治疗组荷瘤小鼠肝中GSH—PX和SOD的活性升高,LPO的含量降低。结论海嘧啶的抗肿瘤机制可能与它能提高抗氧化酶的活性,清除过多自由基有一定关系。     

脑卒中患者血浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的变化及意义

为探讨脑卒中时颅内病变组织与血液中ＳＯＤ的改变的相关性，测定了２０例脑出血的脑组织与血液，及４８例脑梗塞、３２例脑出血血液内ＳＯＤ。结果脑出血脑组织中ＳＯＤ较正常对照组减少４２．３％（Ｐ＜０．０１），血浆内ＳＯＤ：梗塞组较正常对照组减少７８．９％，出血组减少７７．１％。各组与正常对照组问呈显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。患者血液ＳＯＤ与脑组织ＳＯＤ的改变经相关分析ｒ＝０．６５２３（Ｐ＜０．０５），表明脑卒中时，血液内ＳＯＤ的变化，反映了颅内病变情况，为临床提供了一个诊断与观察病情变化的客观指标。     

Malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in peripheral blood erythrocytes of patients with acute cerebral ischemia

The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) were measured in the red blood cells (RBC) of 34 patients with acute ischemic hemispheric stroke on the first and seventh day after their stroke onset, and compared with 30 control individuals matched for sex, age and stroke risk factors. Within the first 24 h after stroke, SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly decreased and MDA levels were significantly elevated in the patients compared with control subjects. Decrease in SOD and GSH-Px activities and increase in MDA levels showed significant correlation with infarct size, initial stroke severity assessed by NIH stroke scale and poor short-term prognosis. Observed changes in the RBC oxygen scavenging process returned to values not different from those of control subjects within seven days after stroke. Our results indicated that antioxidant enzyme concentrations decreased below normal levels in the acute period following ischemic stroke. Until the recovery of antioxidant defence mechanisms, which occurred up to seven days after stroke onset according to our results, the use of neuroprotective therapy against oxyradical injury seems reliable.     

精神分裂症、情感性精神障碍患者血超氧化物歧化酶的研究

目的探讨精神分裂症、情感性精神障碍患者血超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量与精神疾病的相关意义.方法采用放射免疫法测定130例精神分裂症患者、58例情感性精神障碍患者及50名健康人(对照组)的血SOD含量(ng/mg血红蛋白),并对其中64例精神分裂症患者经12周治疗后再次测定SOD;同时用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和Bech-Rafaelson躁狂量表(BRMS)分别对患者进行评定.结果精神分裂症、躁狂症患者的血SOD含量分别为1077±420、1044±292,均明显高于对照组(579±237),P＜0.01.抑郁症组SOD含量为701±267,与对照组的差异无显著性,P＞0.05;精神分裂症病程＜5年患者的SOD含量(1105±451)与≥5年组SOD含量(1035±346)的差异无显著性(P＞0.05);64例精神分裂症患者经12周治疗后的血SOD含量(627±217)低于治疗前(1009±364),P＜0.01.结论血SOD含量的增高也许能够反映精神疾病的存在,但不能有效区别是何种精神疾病.     

惊恐障碍患者血清脂质水平的初步研究

采用酶法测定在性别、年龄上相匹配的３０例惊恐障碍患者、３０例抑郁症患者及３０例正常对照者的血清脂质水平。结果显示：惊恐障碍患者的血清胆固醇（Ｔｃｈ）水平明显高于抑郁症患者和正常对照者，稳定内科疾病与高血清Ｔｃｈ水平无关；在抑郁症组中，焦虑障碍史与高血清Ｔｃｈ水平明显有关。提示惊恐障碍患者的高血清Ｔｃｈ水平，可能涉及去甲肾上腺素或５羟色胺活性增高假说机制。     

自由基代谢与精神分裂症临床症状和药物治疗的关系

目的：探讨自由基代谢与精神分裂症临床症状和药物治疗的关系。方法：是否治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者各４０例分别评定定阳性和阴性症状量表（ＰＡＮＳＳ）,并测定膜脂质过氧化物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量、铜／锌超氧化物歧化酶（Ｇｕ－ＺｎＳＯＤ）和谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性。结果：与健康对照组相比,未治疗组患者ＭＤＡ含量和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性显著增加,治疗组患者无显著改变;而两组患者ＳＯＤ活性显著降低;未治疗     

Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in Alzheimer''s disease and other dementias

Activities of 2 enzymes protecting from free radical damage, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, were measured in 4 patients with Alzheimer's disease, in 4 with multi-infarct dementia, in 1 with Huntington's disease and in 1 with Hakola-Nasu disease. In none of these dementing diseases the activities were diminished compared to controls.     

Age-related changes in antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione in different regions of mouse brain

It has been proposed that neurodegenerative processes of aging are associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during cellular metabolism. These reactive oxygen species are scavenged by antioxidant enzymes in biological systems. The present study was designed to determine the selective distribution of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in different regions of the C57BL/6N mouse brain and to determine if any alterations occurred with age. Catalase activity did not show any significant change except in cerebellum. Activity of superoxide dismutase was increased with age in all regions of the brain except in hippocampus of 2-yr-old mice. The glutathione peroxidase activity in the caudate nucleus increased in all regions of the brain, however, the activity did not change at one, six and 12 months. A significant increasing pattern of glutathione content was found in the cerebellum and brain stem with age. These data demonstrate that although the level of antioxidant enzymes varied in different regions of the brain, overall the enzyme activities tend to increase with age.     

抑郁症病人细胞免疫和血超氧化物歧化酶含量的研究

目的探讨生物学因素与抑郁症病因病理的关系。方法对内源性抑郁１３例、非内源性抑郁１１例和１３例健康人进行自然杀伤细胞（ＮＫ）、淋巴细胞转化率、血超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）测定。结果病人组ＮＫ细胞均明显降低（Ｐ＜００１），淋巴细胞转化率及ＳＯＤ含量与正常人无明显差别（Ｐ均＞００５）。结论抑郁症病人存在免疫参数异常，但这种异常可能不是其特异性生物学指标，而是一种状态标志；抑郁症病人不存在自由基活动增强。     

氟哌啶醇对精神分裂症超氧化物歧化酶的作用

目的：探讨精神分裂症自由基代谢酶超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）在氟哌啶醇治疗前后的变化。方法：用固定剂量氟哌啶醇治疗４６例慢性精神分裂症患者１２周，在治疗前后应用放射免疫法测定血ＳＯＤ含量，并评定ＢＰＲＳ、ＳＡＰＳ和ＳＡＮＳ量表。结果：治疗前ＳＯＤ值与ＳＡＰＳ总分正相关（Ｐ〈０．０５）。治疗后，治疗前高ＳＯＤ组明显降低，而低ＳＯＤ组明显增高（Ｐ均〈０．０５）。阴性型亚组中，治疗前ＳＯＤ值与治疗前后ＳＡＮ     

Methamphetamine causes lipid peroxidation and an increase in superoxide dismutase activity in the rat striatum

The administration of methamphetamine to experimental animals results in damage to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. In the present study, we demonstrated that both the acute repeated and the chronic administration of methamphetamine causes an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, which are indicators of lipid peroxidation, and superoxide dismutase activity in the rat striatum. The results of present study strengthen the notion that reactive oxygen species may play an important role in the methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.