Aetiological factors in infection following open retrograde intramedullary nailing of the femur

Thirty-three patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the femur following open retrograde Küntscher intramedullary nailing of the femur were studied to determine possible reasons for the development of infection. In 32 patients the indication for the operation was a closed fracture of the shaft of the femur (recent or malunited) and in one it was to shorten the femur. In 6 patients (18·2%) there was evidence of skin, urinary and upper respiratory tract infection. In 14 patients (42·4%) it was felt that potential infection was present in poor skin overlying the fracture and unhealed laparotomy wounds. Four patients were under the age of 15 years. The operating theatres lacked facilities for room-air exchange, for provision of filtered air or for modern body-exhaust systems. Twenty-two (66·7%) operations were performed by surgeons under training.     

成人癫痫患者生态学执行功能特点及其影响因素

目的 探讨成人原发性或可能症状性癫痫患者生态学执行功能特点及其影响因素.方法 对120例成人原发性或可能症状性癫痫患者和120例性别、年龄、婚姻、受教育年数等与之严格匹配的健康成人,采用成人版执行功能行为评定量表自评问卷(BRIEF-A)进行评定,比较两组间生态学执行功能各指标的差异;应用多元回归分析探讨癫痫病自身因素与BRIEF-A量表各因子的相关性.结果 与对照组相比,癫痫组在执行总分(GEC)、行为管理指数(BRI)及其抑制、转换、情感调控、自我监控因子、元认知指数(MI)及其任务启动、工作记忆、计划、组织、任务监控因子得分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05).多元逐步回归分析显示发作类型、发作频率、发作控制与否、抗癫痫药物应用种类4个临床特征与BRIEF-A显著相关(P<0.05);未发现癫痫患者病程、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、首发年龄等与BRIEF-A相关.结论 成人原发性或可能症状性癫痫患者存在生态学执行功能损害,其生态学执行功能障碍与癫痫发作类型、发作频率、发作控制与否、抗癫痫药物应用密切相关.     

Acute barbiturate poisoning in young epileptics

Two young epileptic patients presenting in coma with focal neurological signs were found to be suffering from unsuspected acute barbiturate overdose. There had been strenuous denial of any possibility of psychiatric disturbance or of self-poisoning in the history obtained from their parents at the time of admission. The importance of excluding deliberate drug overdose in any young epileptic patient presenting with prolonged or atypical coma is re-emphasized.     

白鹇结核病的病原学诊断

本文通过病原分离培养、生化鉴定以及致病力试验在国内首砍确诊了白鹇结核病，并对珍禽结核的诊斯、防治和相关研究进行了探讨。     

呼吸机相关性肺炎病原学分析

目的：分析呼衰病人行有创机械通气并发呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的病原学以及药敏情况。方法：回顾分析近年来本院确诊VAP的34例病人的临床资料，病原菌构成和药敏结果。结果：共培养出细菌41株，其中革兰阴性菌34株．革兰阳性菌7株．首位是铜绿假单胞杆菌。结论：VAP感染的细菌以革兰阴性菌为主，细菌耐药率普遍较高，治疗时应重视细菌培养和药敏试验结果，合理使用抗生素。     

小儿病毒性肝炎243例病原学分析

目的了解小儿病毒性肝炎的病原学特点,以指导小儿肝炎的预防与临床诊断。方法用ELISA法对243例住院病人进行甲、乙、丙、戊型肝炎病毒标志物检测。结果小儿甲型肝炎129例,占53．1％,乙型肝炎49例,占20.2％,双重感染23例,占9．5％,未定型肝炎29例,占11．9％;急性肝炎190：例,占78.2％,重型肝炎27例,占11．1％,慢性肝炎20例,占8．2％。结论小儿肝炎以甲型病毒性肝炎为主。     

脑-内脏综合症46例病因机理分析

目的:探讨脑-内脏综合症的发病原理,提供原发病因致其出现的神经解剖学依据,明确其指导意义,并借以提高治愈、好转率。方法:选择重症脑出血致内脏综合症46例,均经CT扫描确认,并按日本多田公式计算出血量不低于50mL。结果:全部病例按本文理论指导治疗,存活率达76％,高于传统的50％。结论:正确认识脑-内脏综合症的发生机理,对降低其死亡率及对引致其发生的常见原因——重症脑出血的诊治,有着重要意义,为理解其临床改变与神经解剖的对应关系,进行了深入的阐明并开拓了新的视野。     

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma in Australia: Aetiological considerations.

This is a study of aetiological associations in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Thirty new patients with PHC were seen in a five-year period. The most common aetiological association was alcoholic cirrhosis. This was implicated in the development of PHC in 13 patients. However, since the introduction of radioimmunoassay for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) there have been six patients with HBsAg-associated PHC. Thus, for the first time, an association of hepatitis B virus with PHC is described in this country.