野黄桂叶油抗菌活性的实验研究

目的：观察川产野黄桂叶油的抗菌活性。方法：应用药物浓度稀释培养对照观察法确定最小抗菌浓度。结果：野黄桂叶油有类似中药丁香油的抗菌作用，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌浓度均为0．63％。结论：野黄桂叶油对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有抗菌作用，且有类似中药丁香油的作用，其效果是含有多种抗菌化学成分综合作用的结果。     

艾叶挥发油的化学研究

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对艾、蕲艾、野艾蒿、蒙古蒿、魁蒿和朝鲜艾叶挥发油的化学成分进行了分析,共鉴定出α-侧柏烯、1,8-桉叶素、樟脑和蒿醇等96个化合物,并测定了各化合物在挥发油中的百分含量。     

牡荆油中-蒎烯和1,8-桉叶素的分离和鉴定

目的：从牡荆油中分离单体化合物α-蒎烯和1，8-桉叶素。方法：先进行氮气保护下的减压精馏，再用硅胶柱或硝酸银硅胶柱分离，石油醚及含少量醋酸乙酯的石油醚洗脱，即可得到两个单体化合物。结果：根据其质谱、氢谱和碳谱数据，鉴定化合物Ⅰ为α-蒎烯，化合物Ⅱ为1，8-桉叶素。结论：α-蒎烯和1，8-桉叶素为首次从该油中分离得到。     

苗药夜寒苏挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

目的:分析苗药夜寒苏挥发油的化学成分,为夜寒苏的开发利用提供参考。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取鲜品夜寒苏的挥发油,通过GC-MS法分析和鉴定化学成分。结果:夜寒苏挥发油中鉴定出52种成分,占总量的95.51%。夜寒苏中含量较高挥发性成分分别是β-蒎烯、芳樟醇和1,8-桉叶素,其相对百分含量分别为26.25%、22.99%和12.60%。结论:GC-MS分析可用于测定苗药夜寒苏挥发油化学成分,该研究结果可为夜寒苏挥发油的进一步开发提供依据。     

广西产白千层挥发油的化学成分研究

目的：研究广西产白千层挥发油的化学成分。方法：采用水蒸气蒸馏法从广西产白千层枝叶中提取挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析鉴定。结果：确认了白千层挥发油其中的47种成分,占挥发油色谱总馏出峰面积的90%以上。结论：白千层挥发油主要化学成分为蒎烯、1,8-桉叶素和松油醇。     

草麻黄中麻黄和木贼麻黄挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

用气相色谱质谱联用法分析了草麻黄、中麻黄和木贼麻黄挥发油的化学成分,并测定了各成分的相对百分含量。共鉴定了127个化学成分,l-α-松油醇(31.64%)、1,4-桉叶素(12.80%)和十六烷酸(26.22%)分别是草麻黄、中麻黄和木贼麻黄挥发油中的主要成分。     

苗药大果木姜子油静脉亚微乳质量标准研究

目的:研究大果木姜子油静脉亚微乳的质量标准。方法:采用气相色谱法测定大果木姜子油静脉亚微乳中1,8-桉叶素含量,以HP-1色谱柱,FID检测器,高纯氮气为载体,分流比为30:1。结果:1,8-桉叶素在0.2205μg～2.4255μg范围内,峰面积与进样量呈良好线性关系,r=0.9995(n=6);平均回收率为101.72%(RSD=1.05%)。结论:所建立测定方法简便、准确、重复性好,可作为该制剂的质量控制。     

毛郁金挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

目的:分析毛郁金挥发油化学成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取毛郁金挥发油,应用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析。结果:鉴定出50种化学成分,占总挥发油的93.11%。结论:毛郁金挥发油中桉叶素(53.86%)、新莪术二酮(9.89%)、芳樟醇(4.24%)、樟脑(3.14%)、α-松油醇(2.94%)、吉马酮(2.89%)为主要成分。     

浙江蜡梅叶挥发油化学成分GC-MS分析

目的:分析鉴定浙江蜡梅叶挥发油的化学成分组成。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取浙江蜡梅叶中挥发性化学成分,采用气相色谱-质谱-数据库(GC-MS-DS)联用技术对其化学成分进行分离鉴定。结果:共分离了37个峰并鉴定出其中33个化合物,用面积归一化法测定其相对百分含量,占挥发性化学成分总含量的97.78%。结论:浙江蜡梅叶挥发油中主要成分是:1,4-桉叶素(46.20%)、(Z)-2,6,10-三甲基-1,5,9-十一烯(9.71%)、1,1-二甲基-3,4-二异丙烯基-环己烷(7.42%)、三辛胺(6.44%)、α-丙酸萜品酯(4.01%)、α-蒎烯(3.92%)等。     

薄叶鸢尾须根的化学成分研究

目的研究薄叶鸢尾须根中的化学成分。方法采用80%乙醇提取,硅胶柱层析及重结晶等方法从薄叶鸢尾须根中分离化学成分,并通过化学方法及波谱进行结构鉴定。结果分离得3个化合物,分别为野鸢尾黄素(irigenin)、次野鸢尾黄素(irisforentin)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)。结论此3种化合物均为在须根中首次分离得到。野鸢尾黄素在该植物中首次分离得到。     

石家庄野生黄花蒿挥发油的化学成分分析

目的:分析石家庄野生黄花蒿挥发油的化学成分.方法:用水蒸馏法提取挥发油并用气相色谱-质谱法分析.结果:鉴定出13种成分,占挥发油总量的84.0％.结论:挥发油的主要成分为蒿酮(33.4％)、右旋樟脑(15.7％)、1,8-桉叶素(8.7％)和石竹烯(7.1％).     

不同种源高良姜1,8-桉油精含量及挥发油成分分析

目的:对不同种源高良姜1,8-桉油精及挥发油化学成分进行分析,为高良姜优良种源的选择及品种选育奠定基础。方法:采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取高良姜药材中挥发性化学成分,采用气相色谱-质谱技术(GC-MS)对其化学成分进行分离鉴定。结果:野生及人工栽培高良姜药材1,8-桉油精含量均达到《中国药典》要求;人工栽培药材1,8-桉油精含量随着栽培年限的延长而增加;从挥发油中共分离鉴定28种化合物,含量较高的主要为L-α-松油烯、反式-石竹烯、γ-杜松烯、1,8-桉油精、法尼烯等成分。结论:不同种源不同生长年限高良姜1,8-桉油精含量及挥发油成分存在较大差异。     

The chemical composition of some Lauraceae essential oils and their antifungal activities

The antifungal activity of Aniba rosaeodora, Laurus nobilis, Sassafras albidum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oils were investigated against 17 micromycetes. Among the tested fungal species were food poisoning, spoilage fungi, plant and animal pathogens. In order to determine fungistatic and fungicidal concentrations (MIC and MFC) macrodilution and microdilution tests were used. Linalool was the main component in the essential oil of A. rosaeodora, while 1.8-cineole was dominant in L. nobilis. In sassafras essential oil safrole was the major component and in the oil of C. zeylanicum the main component was trans-cinnamaldehyde. The essential oil of cinnamon showed the strongest antifungal activity.     

Antibacterial Activity and Composition of the Volatile Oil from Achillea Ageratum L.

Artemisia ketone, artemisia alcohol, β-caryophyllene oxide and 1,8-cineole were confirmed as the major components of the volatile oil from Achillea ageratum L. In an antibacterial diffusion assay, the volatile oil showed activity mainly against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus . The oil also showed some activity against the Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli .     

泰国大风子挥发性成分GC-MS分析

目的:分析泰国大风子的挥发性成分,为泰国大风子的开发利用提供实验依据。方法:利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取泰国大风子挥发油,采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对挥发油进行分析,HP-5MS 5%Phenyl Methyl Siloxane弹性石英毛细管柱(0.25μm×250μm×30 m),进样量1μL,气化室温度250℃,柱温50℃,保持2 min,然后以4℃·min-1升温至230℃,保持20 min,柱前压15.08 psi,载气流量2.0 mL·min-1;载气为高纯度氦气(99.999%),分流比40∶1。结果:共分离出63个化学成分,对其中49个化学成分进行了鉴别,占挥发油总量的93.48%。其主要成分为1,8-桉树油(17.28%),茴香烯(9.28%),异硫氰酸丙酯(7.76%),双环[7.1.0]癸烷(4.73%),丹皮酚(3.25%)。结论:本文采用气相色谱-质谱联用法对泰国大风子的挥发性成分进行研究,为该植物的深度开发提供参考。     

Chemical and biological evaluation of the essential oils of different Melaleuca species

The essential oils of the fresh leaves of M. ericifolia, M. leucadendron, M. armillaris and M. styphelioides were isolated by a hydrodistillation method and analysed by a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique. The essential oil of M. ericifolia contained methyl eugenol (96.84%) as a major constituent, whereas M. leucadendron was rich in 1,8-cineole (64.30%). The essential oil of M. armillaris was rich in 1,8-cineole (33.93%) followed by terpinen-4-ol (18.79%), whereas M. styphelioides was rich in caryophyllene oxide (43.78%) and (-) spathulenol (9.65%). The essential oils of these species possessed antimicrobial and antifungal activities. M. ericifolia exhibited the highest inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtiles and Aspergillus niger. The antiviral activities of the essential oils against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were studied in African green monkey kidney cells (Vero) by a plaque reduction assay. The volatile oil of M. armillaris was more effective as a virucidal (up to 99%) than that of M. leucadendron (92%) and M. ericifolia (91.5%). The effects of the essential oils on the antioxidant system status in carbon tetrachloride treated animals were studied. The essential oil of M. armillaris exhibited a marked antioxidant effect, it improved vitamin E, vitamin C and superoxide dismutase parameters so it can be used as a free radical suppressor.     

Osmitopsis asteriscoides (Asteraceae)-the antimicrobial activity and essential oil composition of a Cape-Dutch remedy

The essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Osmitopsis asteriscoides, a medicinal plant used in traditional herbal preparations in South Africa has been investigated. Three different antimicrobial methods (disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration by micro-titer plate and time-kill studies) were comparatively evaluated against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A preliminary screening was done using the disc diffusion method on nine bacterial and four fungal isolates. Minimum inhibitory concentrations showed some correlation with the disc diffusion method. However, time-kill studies appear to be a more superior method for determining antimicrobial activity of volatile compounds such as essential oils. Two moderately susceptible and one resistant organism were selected to further demonstrate the variability between the three methods. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil, tested by means of time-kill methodology at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2% (v/v) indicate a strong fungicidal activity against Candida albicans and the oil was also found to be bacteriostatic against Staphylococcus aureus in a concentration-dependent manner. The essential oil rapidly reduced viable counts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but regrowth was noted after 240 min. The results have been generated in duplicate in separate microbiology laboratories using different time-kill methods and the results are congruent. The two major essential oil components camphor and 1,8-cineole were investigated indicating the positive antimicrobial efficacy of 1,8-cineole independently and in combination with camphor. In addition to (-)-camphor and 1,8-cineole, 40 compounds were identified by GC-MS in the hydro-distilled essential oil. The high concentration of cineole and camphor and their synergistic effect is presented as a possible explanation for the traditional use of Osmitopsis asteriscoides for treating microbe-related illnesses.     

气质联用法分析肉桂普通粉及超微粉中挥发油的化学成分

目的对肉桂普通粉及超微粉中挥发油的化学成分进行分析和比较.方法采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取肉桂普通粉及超微粉中挥发油,运用气相色谱-质谱联用法对其化学成分进行分析、鉴定和比较,用气相色谱面积归一化法测定各组分的相对百分含量.结果经气相色谱-质谱联用技术,从肉桂普通粉中分离出34个峰,从肉桂超微粉中分离出19个峰,并且确认了所含的全部化合物.结论报道了肉桂普通粉及超微粉中挥发油的化学成分,为进一步探讨其用于外用制剂提供了一定的依据.     

阴香茎及叶挥发油化学成分的气相色谱-质谱联用分析比较

目的分析比较阴香茎及叶两个部位挥发油的化学成分。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法结合计算机检索对其化学成分进行分析和鉴定,用气相色谱面积归一法测定各组分的相对百分含量。结果经毛细管色谱从阴香茎及叶挥发油中分别鉴定出了41和42种化合物,已鉴定挥发油成分占总挥发油含量分别为95.12%及97.15%。两个部位中挥发油化学组成各有异同。结论报道了阴香茎和叶挥发油的化学成分,为其综合开发利用提供了一定的依据。