文拉法辛联合小剂量多塞平治疗躯体形式障碍的疗效观察

目的探讨文拉法辛联合小剂量多塞平治疗躯体形式障碍的疗效及安全性。方法将64例躯体形式障碍患者随机分为研究组(文拉法辛联合多塞平组)与对照组(文拉法辛组)各32例,分别予文拉法辛联合小剂量多塞平与文拉法辛治疗,疗程均为8周。临床疗效评定分别采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、临床疗效总评量表-病情严重度(CGI-SI)及治疗时出现的症状量表(TESS)于治疗前后进行评定。结果研究组在治疗第2,4,6,8周末HAMA总分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组在治疗第2周末精神性焦虑分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组在治疗第2,4周末HAMA减分率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组在治疗第2,8周末HAMD总分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。研究组在治疗第2,8周末HAMD减分率均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。研究组总有效率为93.75%与对照组总有效率为87.50%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究组的显效率为75.00%与对照组的50.00%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应均少,在治疗第8周末两组的TESS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论文拉法辛联合小剂量多塞平治疗躯体形式障碍疗效优于单用文拉法辛,且无明显不良反应。     

Differentiating autistic children with quantitative encephalography: a 3-month longitudinal study

The present study used a single-channel quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) assessment to differentiate autistic children from normal control subjects. One hundred five normal and 17 autistic children participated in the study. In addition to amplitude measures of the frequency bands of delta, theta, alpha, sensorimotor rhythm, and beta and the theta to beta ratio, intra- (6 minutes) and intersessional (3 months) consistencies were also examined. The results indicated that autistic children showed significantly higher quantitative EEG amplitudes in many of the frequency bands than normal children; furthermore, their quantitative EEG activities were found to be relatively unstable within a 6-minute session compared with normal children. Discriminant function analyses revealed that absolute sensorimotor rhythm and beta amplitudes were the best predictors that correctly differentiated autistic children from normal children in the present sample, with a high accuracy rate of 95.2%. In addition, quantitative EEG measurements of normal and autistic children were found to be generally consistent across the 3-month period.     

Isotope encephalography in the management of acute herpesvirus encephalitis

Two patients with Herpesvirus hominis (herpes simplex) encephalitis were investigated by serial isotope encephalograms using technetium-99m pertechnetate. In the first case the diagnosis was made by brain biopsy, and by successful tissue culture, and was confirmed by a significant rise in antibody titre, but in the second the laboratory evidence was exclusively serological. Necrotizing encephalitis was presumed in both cases because the illness was grave and focal signs developed in conjunction with radiological and electroencephalographic evidence of circumscribed lesions of the hemisphere. The emergence of new lesions in the brain scan at a time of clinical remission was found to be a warning of impending relapse. Such lesions had to be distinguished from areas of increasing uptake of isotope due only to local change in vascular permeability. Decay of EEG activity together with clinical signs of focal abnormality over an area of isotope concentration indicated a necrotizing lesion. Cytosine arabinoside (cytarabine), an alternative to idoxuridine as an antiviral drug, was used in both cases. A third patient, suspected in life of having a degenerative encephalopathy, was found at necropsy to have necrotizing encephalitis. Herpes infection though probable was not confirmed. The most severe lesions were in the frontal and temporal lobes, which had shown increased uptake of technetium in the encephalogram performed six weeks before her death.