中老年关节炎疼痛患者抑郁状况及影响因素的调查

目的 探讨中老年关节炎慢性疼痛患者的抑郁状况及影响因素.方法 采用一般情况调查表、老年抑郁量表、简明疼痛量表、关节炎自我效能量表、社会支持量表,对197例关节炎慢性疼痛患者进行调查.结果 患者抑郁得分的中位数为6.0,抑郁发生率为56.9％.影响抑郁的主要因素是疼痛影响程度、社会支持总分、患类风湿性关节炎、自我效能感及疼痛部位数.结论 应注重对关节炎疼痛患者的心理护理,针对抑郁的影响因素施以干预,改善其抑郁状况.     

老年慢性病患者自我效能与应对方式的相关性研究

目的 探讨老年慢性病患者自我效能与应对方式的相关性.方法 应用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)及医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)对284例社区老年慢性病患者进行调查,进行两者相关性的统计分析.结果 社区老年慢性病患者一般自我效能水平低于常模(P＜0.01),一般自我效能感与"面对"和"回避"的应对方式呈正相关(P＜0.05),与"屈服"的应对方式呈负相关(P＜0.01).结论 一般自我效能感水平会影响社区老年慢性病患者对疾病的应对方式.     

老年慢性病患者自我效能与应对方式的相关性研究

目的 探讨老年慢性病患者自我效能与应对方式的相关性.方法 应用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)及医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)对284例社区老年慢性病患者进行调查,进行两者相关性的统计分析.结果 社区老年慢性病患者一般自我效能水平低于常模(P＜0.01),一般自我效能感与"面对"和"回避"的应对方式呈正相关(P＜0.05),与"屈服"的应对方式呈负相关(P＜0.01).结论 一般自我效能感水平会影响社区老年慢性病患者对疾病的应对方式.     

慢性疼痛住院患者自我效能感与心理弹性、疼痛灾难化的相关性分析

目的 探讨慢性疼痛患者心理弹性与疼痛灾难化对其自我效能感的影响。方法 采用一般资料调查表、心理弹性量表、疼痛灾难化量表、慢性疼痛自我效能感量表对西安市某三级甲等医院疼痛科住院治疗的慢性疼痛274例患者进行相关调查。结果 慢性疼痛患者的心理弹性总分59.61±17.05分,疼痛灾难化总分22.00±11.40分,慢性疼痛自我效能感总分66.01±20.13分。单因素分析显示,慢性疼痛患者自我效能感得分在不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、每周疼痛次数、疼痛程度、有无其他慢性病方面比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。相关性分析显示,慢性疼痛患者心理弹性总分与自我效能感总分呈正相关（r=0.466,P<0.01）;疼痛灾难化总分与自我效能感总分呈负相关（r=-0.446,P<0.01）。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、心理弹性总分和疼痛灾难化总分是慢性疼痛患者自我效能感的影响因素。结论 医护人员应及时采取措施,形成个体化干预方案,关注老年患者的心理状态及疼痛灾难化心理,提高慢性疼痛患者的心理弹性,降低其疼痛灾难化,进而提高其自我效能感,为患者树立自我...     

抑郁在老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后患者自我效能感和生活质量之间的中介作用

目的探讨老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后患者抑郁、自我效能感和生活质量的关系,以及抑郁在自我效能感和生活质量间的中介作用。方法采用整群随机抽样法,选取哈尔滨市2所三级甲等综合医院收治的300例老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后患者为研究对象,采用贝克抑郁量表第2版、一般自我效能感量表、世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表进行问卷调查。结果患者自我效能感和生活质量各领域得分呈正相关(r=0.281～0.605,P0.01)、患者抑郁与自我效能感和生活质量各领域得分呈负相关(r=-0.372～-0.255,P0.01);抑郁在自我效能感和生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、环境领域之间具有部分中介作用。结论老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后患者有轻度抑郁情绪,患者自我效能感和生活质量都较差,抑郁在自我效能感和生活质量各领域之间具有部分中介作用,应制订相应的干预措施提高自我效能感,降低患者的抑郁情绪,从而提高患者的生活质量。     

鼻咽癌患者自我效能水平及其相关因素分析

目的了解鼻咽癌患者的自我效能水平及其相关因素,为制定护理干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用一般自我效能感量表、社会支持评定量表、抑郁自评量表、简易应对方式问卷量表及个人一般情况调查表对140例鼻咽癌住院患者进行调查。结果鼻咽癌患者自我效能得分均值为（27．33±4．49）分,与社会支持、积极应对方式、文化程度、经济状况呈正相关,与抑郁程度、消极应对方式呈负相关。结论多方面因素影响着鼻咽癌患者的自我效能水平,护理人员应通过有效的护理干预措施提高患者的自我效能水平,从而提高患者的身心健康及生活质量。     

慢性疼痛患者生活质量影响因素的分析

采取疼痛调查问卷、BECK焦虑及抑郁自评问卷、简明MG疼痛量表、阿森斯失眠量表、疼痛自我效能量表以及生活质量SF-12表对我院94例慢性疼痛患者与同期的94例健康者予以比较分析。结果慢性疼痛患者的抑郁、焦虑以及失眠得分远远高于健康组,P〈0.05,差异有统计学意义。疼痛自我效能与生活质量得分明显小于健康组,不同疼痛部位数目、不同疼痛程度的慢性疼痛患者之间生活质量得分具有显著差异,P〈0.05有统计学意义。影响慢性疼痛患者的生活质量的因素有多种,需采取多方位的干预措施。     

护士主导的同伴教育对肝硬化患者焦虑抑郁状态及应对方式的影响

目的:探讨基于护士主导的同伴教育对肝硬化患者焦虑抑郁状态及应对方式的干预效果。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取山东省某三甲医院肝硬化患者110例,按病区分为观察组58例和对照组52例,对照组给予传统健康教育,观察组在传统健康教育基础上给予护士主导的同伴教育,比较干预前后两组焦虑抑郁状态[采用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)]、自我效能[采用一般自我效能量表(GSES)]、应对方式[采用医学应对方式量表(MCMQ)]。结果:干预后,观察组HAD得分明显低于对照组(P0.05),GSES得分高于对照组(P0.05),MCMQ中的面对维度得分高于对照组(P0.05)、回避维度得分低于对照组(P0.05)、屈服维度得分低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:基于护士主导的同伴教育,可明显降低患者焦虑抑郁水平,改善患者应对方式,提高患者自我效能。     

老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后患者生活质量现状及其影响因素研究

目的 :调查骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后三个月老年患者的生活质量,分析其影响因素。方法 :采用一般情况问卷、医学应对方式问卷、自我效能感量表、健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)对200例术后患者进行问卷调查。结果 :骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后三个月患者生活质量各维度得分及总分均低于国内常模(P0.01)。多元回归分析表明,年龄、不良生活方式可负向预测患者在躯体健康方面的生活质量,性别、经济状况、合并症、自我效能感、面对应对可正向预测患者在躯体健康方面的生活质量。年龄、家庭关系、屈服应对、回避应对可负向预测精神健康方面的生活质量,婚姻状况、自我效能感可正向预测患者在精神健康方面的生活质量。结论 :骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后三个月患者生活质量较差。应采取有针对性的护理干预措施,引导患者采用积极的应对方式,增强患者的自我效能感,避免不良的生活方式,同时提供必要的社会支持,进而提高其生活质量。     

维持性血液透析患者生活质量及影响因素研究

目的调查维持性血液透析患者生活质量及其影响因素。方法采用一般资料调查表、健康状况调查量表及一般自我效能感量表对121例维持性血液透析患者进行问卷调查。结果维持性血液透析患者生活质量总分为(54.42±13.74)分,生活质量各维度得分明显低于常模(P0.01);维持性血液透析患者的生活质量与自我效能、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况等因素有关。结论医护人员应有针对性地实施健康教育和心理干预,以提高血液透析患者的一般自我效能感,对改善维持性血液透析患者的生活质量有正向促进作用。     

TIMBER IN AUSTRALIA IN WARTIME

Fire history since 1850 was reconstructed by analysing tall wet eucalypt forest stands in the Warra long-term ecological research (LTER) site in southern Tasmania. Major fires occurred in 1898, 1906, 1914 and 1934. Fifty-seven percent of the forest has remained unburnt since 1850. Sixty percent of the forest burnt since 1850 occurs as mixed age stands, while 40 percent is pure regrowth. Ring counts of stumps of three veteran eucalypt trees indicated that the mature and oldgrowth forests of the Warra site represent a number of pre-1850 fires. One extant oldgrowth eucalypt stand was estimated to be over 450 years old. The common occurrence of multi-aged wet eucalypt stands has silvicultural implications where a management objective is to emulate pre-existing stand structures. While the fire history reported here is limited mainly to the period since 1850, it provides a good basis for understanding the current stand structures of the tall wet eucalypt forests of the Warra site. Such an understanding is essential to interpret results from current and planned ecological studies associated with the LTER program at Warra.     

STAGGERS IN SHEEP IN PATAGONIA

After observations and experimental work both in the field and laboratory, the following conclusions seem justified. 1. Staggers is a non-infectious disorder affecting horses, cattle, and sheep. 2. The disease is characterized by weakness, muscular twitching, irregular movements of the head, stiffness of the limbs, and transient motor paralysis, accompanied with spastic spasms on excitement. There is also a derangement of vision and conjunctivitis. 3. The postmortem lesions are not characteristic. 4. We readily produced the disease by feeding susceptible sheep on a coarse tuft grass commonly known as coiron or pampa grass (Poa argentina). 5. The time required to produce definite symptoms by feeding the grass varied. Two animals developed typical staggers after two feedings; in another instance a period of 21 days of feeding was required. The average time for the production of unmistakable symptoms in our experiments was 10 days. 6. Many sheep recover from staggers spontaneously. A complete change of diet will usually effect a cure within 2 weeks. 7. Older .animals that have pastured for long periods on lands where the grass grows become tolerant and are rarely affected with staggers. 8. The grass is toxic to sheep at all seasons of the year. We fed late winter and early spring grass and grass in flower, and produced staggers in every instance. The young green grass is as toxic as any edible portion of the plant.     

BACTERIUM PNEUMOSINTES IN CLINICAL INFLUENZA IN NEW YORK CITY IN 1926

The presence of Bacterium pneumosintes has been demonstrated in nasopharyngeal washings from 2 patients in a sporadic outbreak of clinical influenza in New York City in March, 1926. 2 strains of bacteria morphologically similar to Bact. pneumosintes, but differing in certain cultural characters, and 2 other anaerobic filter-passing organisms were also isolated from the 9 patients examined. The blood serum of 16 among 17 persons convalescent from clinical influenza, and of 6 among 10 supposedly normal persons, agglutinated 1 or more strains of Bact. pneumosintes.     

RENAL TRANSPLANTATION IN DIABETES MELLITUS IN RATS

Immunoglobulins and complement are deposited in the glomerular mesangium of rats with progressive glomerulosclerosis secondary to chemically induced diabetes mellitus. Isotransplantation of a kidney from a rat diabetic for 6 mo into a normal recipient results within 2 mo in the disappearance of IgG, IgM, and β₁C from the mesangium and arrest or reversal of the light microscopic glomerular lesions. Kidneys isotransplanted from normal donors into diabetic rats developed mesangial matrix thickening and deposition of IgG, IgM) and β₁C in the mesangium. No glomerular changes occur upon transplantation of a normal kidney into a normal rat. These findings indicate that diabetic glomerular changes in the rat are reversible and are secondary to the diabetic state rather than to the inducing agent.