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1.
【摘要】 目的:提出一个新的脊柱-骨盆矢状面测量参数:骶骨骨盆角(sacral pelvic angle,SPA),探讨SPA与其他参数间的相关性,评估其可信度和可重复性。方法: 将脊柱侧位X线片上股骨头中点至骶骨后上角的连线(PR线)与骶骨终板垂线的夹角定义为SPA。从几何学上观测SPA与骨盆角(PA)、骶骨倾斜角(SS)之间的关系。在111例(女56例,男55例)成人志愿者的脊柱全长X线片上测量SPA及其他脊柱-骨盆矢状面相关参数,包括:SPA、胸椎后凸角(TK)、胸腰段后凸角(TLK)、腰椎前凸角(LL)、SS、骨盆倾斜角(PT)、骨盆指数(PI)、矢状面垂轴(SVA)、脊柱骶骨角(SSA)、PA、PR-S1(pelvic morphology)、总腰-骨盆前凸角(total lumbopelvic lordosis,PR-T12)。采用Pearson相关分析各参数间的相关性。从111例志愿者的脊柱全长X线片中随机抽取80例,由2位脊柱外科主治医师分别测量SPA 5次,间隔1个月后再次分别测量SPA 5次,取平均值,采用变异系数(CV)评价SPA指标稳定性,采用组内相关系数(introclass correlation coefficient,ICC)判定观测者间和两次测量间的一致性。结果:SPA=PA+SS=90°- PR-S1。SPA与PI、PR-S1、PA、PT、SS、SSA呈显著性正相关(r=0.994,1.000,0.482,0.538,0.699,0.465,P均<0.05),与LL呈显著性负相关(r=-0.532,P<0.05)。SPA前后两次测量的CV分别为0.0023±0.02及0.0085±0.053,观测者间ICC分别为0.99,P<0.01及0.97,P<0.01,两次测量间ICC为0.99,P<0.01。结论:SPA是一个解剖学常数,SPA=PA+SS;SPA具有良好的可信度和可重复性;SPA与其他参数的相关性同PI与其他参数的相关性接近,可作为评估脊柱-骨盆矢状面平衡的参数。  相似文献   

2.
目的:比较汉族人群中成人特发性脊柱侧凸(idiopathic scoliosis,IS)患者与正常人群间的脊柱骨盆矢状面形态差异。方法:151例汉族成人IS患者及65例年龄匹配的健康志愿者被纳入本研究。151例成人IS患者中,男25例,女126例;年龄26.4±7.1岁,主弯Cobb角39.5°±16.4°(16°~102°);单胸弯41例,双胸弯11例,双主弯28例,胸腰弯15例,三主弯3例,腰弯53例。在站立位全脊柱侧位X线片上测量脊柱骨盆矢状面参数,包括骨盆入射角(PI)、胸椎后凸角(TK)、骨盆倾斜角(PT)、腰椎前凸角(LL)、骶骨倾斜角(SS)及胸腰椎交界性后凸角(TJK)。比较成人IS与正常人群间的脊柱骨盆矢状面参数的差异,比较单胸弯与腰弯患者间的脊柱骨盆矢状面参数的差异。用Pearson相关分析法检测各矢状面参数间的相关性。结果:成人IS患者与正常人群相比,PI(46.3°±10.6°与46.0°±9.5°,P0.05)及LL(-53.3°±13.8°与-51.3°±9.0°,P0.05)大小类似,但前者TK偏小(19.7°±12.9°与27.8°±9.8°,P0.05),PT偏小(6.4°±8.2°与10.3°±6.3°,P0.05),而SS偏大(39.8°±8.8°与35.7°±7.2°,P0.05)。单胸弯及腰弯组IS患者的TK均小于正常人群(P0.05),而单胸弯、腰弯组间TK无明显差异(P0.05);单胸弯、腰弯组IS患者及正常人间的PI均无明显差异(P0.05);单胸弯组的TJK小于腰弯组及正常人群(P0.05),单胸弯组的LL大于腰弯组(P0.05),单胸弯组的SS大于正常人群(P0.05),而单腰弯组的PT小于正常人群(P0.05)。单胸弯组、腰弯组及正常人群中TK均与LL明显相关(P0.05),而LL又与PI、SS相关(P0.05)。单胸弯组及腰弯组中PT与TK、LL明显相关(P0.05),而正常人群中则无明显相关性(P0.05)。结论:与正常人群相比,成人IS患者的胸椎后凸偏小,同时骨盆有前旋趋势。PI在汉族成人IS患者与正常人间以及单胸弯与腰弯IS患者间均无差异。  相似文献   

3.
骨盆投射角(PI)是骨盆矢状位平衡研究的解剖学参数,通过PI角可将脊柱与骨盆紧密联系起来,并为脊柱疾病的诊治提供良好的参照点。PI角对于每个人来说都是恒定的,与骶骨倾斜角(SS)与骨盆倾斜角(PT)之和相等。PI角可调控骨盆的方向,患者通过脊柱与骨盆互相影响获得舒适的体位,保持良好的脊柱矢状面平衡。PI角对于截骨矫形重建脊柱矢状面平衡具有重要的指导意义,对于腰椎滑脱、腰椎退变性侧凸、脊柱侧弯、术后腰椎邻近节段疾病等脊柱疾病均有良好的术前规划及预测作用。该文就近年来PI角在脊柱疾病中的应用进展作一综述。  相似文献   

4.
《中国矫形外科杂志》2015,(13):1227-1231
[目的]脊柱侧弯是一种脊柱三维畸形,严重的侧弯往往需要手术矫正。目前已证实脊柱矢状面平衡参数对于优化手术策略至关重要。本文试图从总体上对这些参数进行分类,便于理解和分析,同时找出目前研究的趋势和进展。[方法]通过检索CNKI、Pub Med和ELSEVIER数据库,总结近几年脊柱矢状面平衡参数方面的研究成果,对比和分析相关参数。[结果]主要将矢状面平衡参数分为了6个部分:常用的矢状面整体平衡参数;特殊的矢状面整体平衡参数;常用的矢状面局部平衡参数;特殊的矢状面局部平衡参数;常用的骨盆参数;特殊的骨盆参数。[结论](1)脊柱矢状面平衡参数测量方法正逐渐由距离测量向角度和面积测量的变化;(2)多个参数与SVA关系密切;(3)脊柱外科手术计划的制定应充分考虑矢状面平衡参数。尽管有大量的文献报道,但大多数参数缺乏高质量的证据支持,需要进一步的研究从而更好的指导临床工作。  相似文献   

5.
目的 :探讨后路长节段固定治疗成人退行性脊柱畸形的效果以及远端并发症的发生率。方法 :回顾性分析2010年1月~2015年1月在我院接受一期后路长节段椎弓根螺钉固定矫形治疗的成人脊柱畸形患者,病例入选标准:(1)诊断为成人退行性脊柱畸形;(2)年龄超过50岁;(3)影像学满足冠状面Cobb角度20°,或者矢状面平衡(SVA)5cm;(4)后方腰椎固定融合在4个节段以上;(5)随访时间在12个月以上。分析患者的人口学特点、影像学参数、健康相关生活质量评分和远端并发症等资料。结果:共纳入74例患者,其中远端固定椎在L5的患者43例(L5组),固定在S1的患者22例(S1组),固定到髂骨的患者9例(髂骨组)。随访12~64个月,平均28.8个月,三组患者术后冠状面Cobb角、冠状面平衡(CSVL)、矢状面平衡(SVA)、PI-LL、PT角度与术前比较均有显著性改善(P0.05)。术后健康相关生活质量评分(ODI和SF-12 PCS)与术前相比均得到明显改善(P0.05)。远端并发症总的发生率为29.7%(22/74),保留L5/S1椎间盘患者远端并发症的发生率显著性高于L5/S1融合的患者(39.5%vs 16.1%),保留L5/S1椎间盘是远端并发症的独立危险因素(P=0.03)。结论:长节段固定融合治疗成人退行性脊柱畸形能够改善患者的健康相关生活质量评分,获得满意的临床效果;保留L5/S1椎间盘发生远端并发症的风险更高。  相似文献   

6.
《中国矫形外科杂志》2015,(17):1600-1604
[目的]探讨L4退变性滑脱患者脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数的特点及各参数之间的相关性。[方法]回顾性分析2011年1月~2014年6月间44例L4单节段退变性滑脱患者的临床资料,并选取41例健康志愿者做为对照。在站立位脊柱侧位X线片上进行矢状面参数的测量(包括骨盆入射角PI、骨盆倾斜角PT、骶骨倾斜角SS、腰椎前凸角LL、矢状面轴向垂直距离SVA及T1骨盆角TPA等)。按PI大小进行分组对比,并观察腰椎矢状面曲度的Roussouly分型。[结果]DS组的PI、PTNC组,SSNC组(P0.05);两组的LL、SVA及TPA差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在DS组中进一步发现:正常PI亚组的PT、TPA均大于NC组及大PI亚组的相应值,而SS均小于NC组及大PI亚组(P0.05)。按Roussouly分型,NC组中1~4型所占比例分别为9.8%、56.1%、26.8%和7.3%;DS组中1~4型的比例分别为4.5%、25%、43.2%和27.3%。相关性分析显示:两组中均可见PI与PT、SS存在密切相关性(P0.05);而TPA与PI、PT、LL及SVA之间有密切相关性(P0.05)。[结论]L4退变性滑脱患者较正常人群的骨盆入射角更大,且存在骨盆后倾的代偿机制;T1骨盆角是评价患者整体矢状面平衡的理想指标。  相似文献   

7.
目的研究关中地区正常中老年人腰骶角的大小。方法依照整群、分层、随机抽样原则抽取45—72岁关中地区汉族健康中、老年人群500人,拍摄腰椎正侧位X线片。用数码相机对X线片进行翻拍并将所摄影像数据输入电脑。测量软件选用“CAD2009中望”医用软件系统进行标记、测绘,记录腰骶角值。结果女性腰骶角值为(37.29±7.36)°,男性为(43.39±8.60)°,男女性别之间比较,差异有统计学意义(P〈O.01)。结论腰骶角男性较女性大,在诊断脊柱失稳时,男女应有不同的诊断标准。  相似文献   

8.
【摘要】 目的:探讨T1骨盆角(T1 pelvic angle,TPA)能否反映退变性脊柱侧凸(degenerative scoliosis,DS)患者脊柱-骨盆矢状面的整体及局部平衡,及其与DS患者生活质量的关系。方法:回顾性分析2007年2月~2011年12月在我院接受手术治疗的DS患者资料。纳入标准:(1)随访时间超过2年;(2)有完整临床及影像学资料。排除标准:(1)既往接受过脊柱手术;(2)同时伴有髋、膝关节病变影响正常的站立姿势。共76例DS患者纳入研究,男9例,女67例,年龄45~72岁,平均58.2±6.1岁。Cobb角32°~74°,平均42.6°±6.1°。顶椎位于L2椎体3例,L2/3椎间盘4例,L3椎体26例,L3/4椎间盘23例,L4椎体16例,L4/5椎间盘4例。随访2.1~6.4年,平均3.7年。术前及末次随访时均摄自然站立位全脊柱正、侧位X线片,同时填写ODI、VAS及SRS-22量表。测量胸椎后凸角(thoracic kyphosis,TK)、胸腰段后凸角(thoracolumbar kyphosis,TLK)、腰椎前凸角(lumbar lordosis,LL)、骨盆入射角(pelvic incidence,PI)、骶骨倾斜角(sacral slope,SS)、骨盆倾斜角(pelvic tilt,PT)、矢状面平衡(sagittal vertical axis,SVA)和TPA。采用Spearman检验分别对术前、末次随访时的SVA和TPA与其他术前、末次随访时的脊柱-骨盆参数作相关性分析,同时分析SVA和TPA术前、末次随访时的变化值与其他脊柱-骨盆参数术前、末次随访时的变化值的相关性。分析SVA和TPA术前、末次随访时的变化值与ODI、VAS及SRS-22总分术前、末次随访时的变化值的相关性。结果:术前TPA与术前LL、SS、PT、PI及SVA显著相关(P<0.05),与术前TK、TLK无相关性(P>0.05);末次随访时TPA均与末次随访时的LL、SS、PT、PI及SVA显著相关(P<0.05),与末次随访时TK、TLK无相关性(P>0.05);TPA术前、末次随访时的变化值与LL、SS、PT、PI及SVA术前、末次随访时的变化值显著相关(P<0.05),与TK、TLK的变化值无相关性(P>0.05);TPA术前、末次随访时的变化值与ODI评分、VAS评分术前、末次随访时的变化值正相关(P<0.05),与SRS-22总分变化值负相关(P<0.05)。术前SVA与术前LL、TPA显著相关(P<0.05),与术前TK、TLK、SS、PT、PI无相关性(P>0.05);末次随访时SVA与末次随访时TPA显著相关(P<0.05),与末次随访时TK、TLK、SS、PT、PI、LL无相关性(P>0.05);SVA术前、末次随访时的变化值与LL、TPA术前、末次随访时的变化值显著相关(P<0.05),与TK、TLK、SS、PT术前、末次随访时的变化值无相关性(P>0.05);SVA术前、末次随访时的变化值与ODI评分、VAS评分术前、末次随访时的变化值正相关(P<0.05),与SRS-22总分变化值负相关(P<0.05)。结论:TPA整合了整体和局部脊柱-骨盆矢状面平衡的信息,能够反映DS患者脊柱-骨盆矢状面的整体及局部平衡,且与DS患者的生活质量密切相关,对于DS重建手术有着重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

9.
目的 :分析成人胸腰椎/腰椎畸形矫形术后冠状面失平衡的原因和危险因素,探讨腰骶半弯(L4-S1)对术后失平衡的影响。方法:回顾性分析2008年1月~2018年9月间在我院接受手术治疗的成人脊柱畸形患者,病例入选标准:(1)年龄≥20岁;(2)影像学检查胸腰弯/腰弯为主弯(顶椎位于T12-L4之间),腰骶半弯为代偿弯;(3)胸腰弯/腰弯冠状面Cobb角度≥30°;(4)脊柱内固定融合≥5个节段;(5)随访时间6个月以上且具有完整影像资料。统计分析患者的人口学特点、手术方式、影像学参数、冠状面平衡与腰骶半弯的关系,以及治疗效果的健康相关生活质量评分改善情况。结果:共有157例成人胸腰椎脊柱畸形患者纳入本研究,包括男性52例,女性105例,平均年龄56.5岁(26~77岁)。病因学诊断包括先天性脊柱畸形39例,成人特发性脊柱畸形35例,退行性脊柱侧凸83例。术后总共有24例(15.3%)患者发生了冠状面失平衡,失平衡患者的ODI和SF-12PCS评分较术前无明显改善。影像学评估冠状面平衡组与失平衡组患者的主弯Cobb角与柔韧性,腰骶半弯Cobb角与柔韧性,以及L4、L5椎体术前的倾斜角,手术截骨方式,上、下固定点选择,主弯矫正度和残余角度,腰骶半弯矫正度均没有统计学差异(P0.05)。平衡组患者的腰骶半弯残余角度明显小于失平衡组患者(6.3°vs 12.2°,P=0.000),L4和L5椎体倾斜度明显小于失平衡组的患者(L4:8.2°vs 17.3°,P=0.000;L5:6.4°vs15.2°,P=0.000)。术前冠状面向腰弯凸侧偏移的患者发生冠状面失平衡的概率显著增加(23.2%)。结论:冠状面失平衡以后患者的健康相关生活质量受到明显影响。术前冠状面向腰弯凸侧偏移,术后腰骶半弯残余角度过大,术后L4、L5椎体过度倾斜倾是发生冠状面失平衡的危险因素。  相似文献   

10.
自Lewinnek提出的"安全区"概念以来便得到了大家的广泛认同,但近年来许多学者发现即使髋臼假体摆放在"安全区内"仍有很多人工髋关节置换术发生不明原因的假体脱位.并开始质疑"安全区"是否真的适合所有患者.脊柱退变、畸形,腰椎融合等会导致脊柱矢状面不平衡及骨盆活动的改变,进而导致髋臼方向的改变,最终导致人工全髋关节置换...  相似文献   

11.

Introduction

The indications for magnetic resonance imaging in presumed adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) have not been established, with some studies suggesting that rates of spinal cord abnormalities are low and question the use of the routine MRI in AIS.

Objective

Given the restraints on MRI resources the authors performed a retrospective audit to see if the presence of coronal or sagittal misbalance–balance could be used as a surrogate marker for the presence of spinal cord abnormalities in this patient group and hence reduce the need for unnecessary MRI scans.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of imaging of patients with AIS at our centre over a 2-year-period. All MRI scans were reported by the senior author and the presence of spinal cord abnormalities noted. All plain films were assessed by a senior SpR and ST2 orthopaedic surgeons for Cobb angle, coronal balance, sagittal balance and Lenke classification.

Results

A total of 171 patients were identified with AIS. Of these, a total of 15 patients (9%) were found to have neural axis anomalies on MRI including syringomyelia, Chiari malformations and dural ectasia. The average Cobb angle was 44.9° with coronal balance varying from 67.2 mm left to 40.2 mm right. Sagittal balance varied from 125 mm negative to 83 mm positive. No correlation was found between coronal/sagittal misbalance and the presence of neural axis anomalies.

Conclusions

Our audit demonstrates that neither coronal nor sagittal misbalance should be used as an indicator of neural axis abnormalities.  相似文献   

12.
正常脊柱-骨盆矢状位参数的影像学研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
目的 描述正常成人的骨盆矢状位形态,分析正常成人脊柱-骨盆矢状位序列类型.方法 采用前瞻性影像学分析对139名志愿者进行研究,男94名,女45名;年龄21~28岁,平均(23.5±1.5)岁.所有志愿者行全脊柱正、侧位X线检查,利用院内影像归档与通信系统(picture archiving and communication systems,PACS)测量骨盆入射角(pelvic incidence,PI)、骨盆倾斜角(pelvic tilt,PT)、骶骨倾斜角(sacral slope,SS).按照脊柱矢状面解剖定义和形态特点描述脊柱各矢状面形态参数,分析各参数间相关性,并根据腰椎前凸顶点位置不同分析国人腰椎-骨盆矢状位序列类型.结果 PI平均值为45.1°±9.6°,明显小于西方成人,并明显小于韩国成人;女性PI值明显高于男性.骨盆各参数间密切相关,脊柱相邻前凸节段、后凸节段间密切相关,腰弯前凸还与颈弯前凸、矢状位平衡(sagittal vertical axis,SVA)密切相关;依据腰弯前凸顶点位置,将腰椎-骨盆矢状位序列分为四型:Ⅰ型,顶点位于L5椎体或L4,5椎间隙,共11名(占7.8%);Ⅱ型,顶点位于L4底部或中部,共61名(占43.3%);Ⅲ型,顶点位于L4上部或L34椎间隙,共33名(占23.4%);Ⅳ型,顶点位于L3椎体及其以上,共34名(占24.5%).所有志愿者的胸弯后凸顶点为T6.7,颈弯胸弯拐点为C7.各类型间骨盆矢状位形态、腰弯倾斜程度存在明显差异.结论 中国正常成人骨盆矢状位形态与西方和韩国人群存在明显差异.腰椎通过骨盆的调节后,在维持脊柱整体矢状位平衡方面起到核心作用;随着腰弯前凸顶点提高,脊柱-骨盆序列将出现骶骨增加倾斜、下腰弯前凸角度增加、下腰弯组成椎体数量增加、腰弯倾斜减小等变化.  相似文献   

13.
Sagittal spinopelvic balance in normal children and adolescents   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
The sagittal spinopelvic balance is poorly documented in normal pediatric subjects. The purpose of this study is to characterize the sagittal spinopelvic balance in the pediatric population and to evaluate the correlations between spinopelvic parameters. Seven parameters were evaluated from the lateral standing radiographs of 341 normal subjects aged 3–18 years old: thoracic kyphosis (TK), thoracic tilt (TT), lumbar lordosis (LL), lumbar tilt (LT), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT) and pelvic incidence (PI). The mean values for the pelvic parameters were 49.1±11.0, 7.7±8.0 and 41.4±8.2° for PI, PT and SS, respectively. The mean values for the spinal parameters were 48.0±11.7, 44.0±10.9, −7.3±5.2 and −3.1±5.2° for LL, TK, LT and TT, respectively. The spinopelvic parameters were different from those reported in normal adults, but the correlations between the parameters were similar. PI was significantly related to SS and PT. Significant correlations were found between the parameters of adjacent anatomical regions. Pelvic morphology (PI) regulates sagittal sacro-pelvic orientation (SS and PT). Sacral orientation (SS) is correlated with the shape (LL) and orientation (LT) of the lumbar spine. Adjacent anatomical regions of the spine and pelvis are interdependent, and their relationships result in a stable and compensated posture, presumably to minimize energy expenditure. Results from this study could be used as an aid for the planning of surgery in pediatric patients with spinal deformity in order to restore a relatively normal sagittal spinopelvic balance.  相似文献   

14.

Background Context

Accurately evaluating the extent of trunk imbalance in the coronal plane is significant for patients before and after treatment. We preliminarily practiced a new method, axis-line-angle technique (ALAT), for evaluating coronal trunk imbalance with excellent intra-observer and interobserver reliability. Radiologists and surgeons were encouraged to use this method in clinical practice. However, the optimal cutoff value of the ALAT for determination of the extent of coronal trunk imbalance has not been calculated up to now.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the cutoff value of the ALAT that best predicts a positive measurement point to assess coronal balance or imbalance.

Study Design/Setting

A retrospective study at a university affiliated hospital was carried out.

Patient Sample

A total of 130 patients with C7-central sacral vertical line (CSVL) >0?mm and aged 10–18 years were recruited in this study from September 2013 to December 2014.

Outcome Measures

Data were analyzed to determine the optimal cutoff value of the ALAT measurement.

Methods

The C7-CSVL and ALAT measurements were conducted respectively twice on plain film within a 2-week interval by two radiologists. The optimal cutoff value of the ALAT was analyzed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Comparison variables were performed with chi-square test between the C7-CSVL and ALAT measurements for evaluating trunk imbalance. Kappa agreement coefficient method was used to test the intra-observer and interobserver agreement of C7-CSVL and ALAT.

Results

The ROC curve area for the ALAT was 0.82 (95% confidence interval: 0.753–0.894, p<.001). The maximum Youden index was 0.51, and the corresponding cutoff point was 2.59°. No statistical difference was found between the C7-CSVL and ALAT measurements for evaluating trunk imbalance (p>.05). Intra-observer agreement values for the C7-CSVL measurements by observers 1 and 2 were 0.79 and 0.91 (p<.001), respectively, whereas intra-observer agreement values for the ALAT measurements were both 0.89 by observers 1 and 2 (p<.001). The interobserver agreement values for the first and second measurements with the C7-CSVL were 0.78 and 0.85 (p<.001), respectively, whereas the interobserver agreement values for the first and second measurements with the ALAT were 0.91 and 0.88 (p<.001), respectively.

Conclusions

The newly developed ALAT provided an acceptable optimal cutoff value for evaluating trunk imbalance in the coronal plane with a high level of intra-observer and interobserver agreement, which suggests that the ALAT is suitable for clinical use.  相似文献   

15.
目的探讨终末期原发髋关节骨关节炎(HOA)患者在脊柱-骨盆矢状面上的形态与伴随的腰痛症状的关系。方法收集46例HOA患者及55例正常对照的立位全脊柱侧位X线片,测量腰椎前凸角(LL)、骶骨倾斜角(SS)、骨盆倾斜角(PT)、骨盆投射角(PI)、脊柱骶骨角(SSA)、脊柱前倾角(ST);将HOA患者根据是否存在腰痛分为无腰痛组(23例)和有腰痛组(23例),对后者的腰痛进行评分(VAS)。应用独立样本的t检验比较HOA患者与正常人的各个参数,并采用非参数检验比较HOA亚组间及其与正常对照的差异;将HOA患者的各个参数与VAS评分进行相关性分析。结果原发性HOA组和正常人组的年龄及性别分布无统计学差异,两组的LL分别为(45.2°±17.3°和51.1°±8.5°,t=-2.627,P〈0.05);ST分别为(87.8°±8.3°和94.5°±3.0°,t=-6.652,P〈0.01),组间差异有统计学意义,两组间的SS、PT、PI及SSA无统计学差异。与正常对照组相比,HOA腰痛组的LL(39.4°±19.47°,t=-4.260,P〈0.05)、SSA(121.5°±13.5°,t=-3.287,P〈0.05)和ST(87.6°±8.0°,t=-6.478,P〈0.05)均明显偏小,差异有统计学意义;而无腰痛组的SS(42.1°±11.1°,t=3.496,P〈0.05)明显偏大、PT(10.3°±8.8°,t=-2.466,P〈0.05)及ST(88.1°±8.8°,t=-5.678,P〈0.05)明显偏小,差异有统计学意义,其他参数间无明显差异。相关性分析显示HOA患者的腰痛VAS评分与LL、SS、PT之间存在明显相关性(P〈0.05)。结论 HOA患者存在脊柱-骨盆的矢状面形态异常,表现为较正常人腰椎前凸减小、脊柱前倾增加。与正常对照相比,无腰痛HOA患者骨盆及脊柱均前倾,但腰椎前凸无明显减小;有腰痛的HOA患者骨盆无明显前倾,但腰椎前凸减小,脊柱前倾增加。这些结果表明HOA患者的腰痛可能与其腰椎矢状面形态改变存在一定的联系。  相似文献   

16.
The anatomic pelvic parameter "incidence" - the angle between the line perpendicular to the middle of the sacral plate and the line joining the middle of the sacral plate to the center of the bicoxo-femoral axis - has been shown to be strongly correlated with the sacral slope and lumbar lordosis, and ensures the individual an economical standing position. It is important for determining the sagittal curve of the spine. The angle of incidence has also been shown to depend partly on the sagittal anatomy of sacrum, which is established in childhood while learning to stand and walk. The purpose of this study was (1) to define the relationship between the sacrum and the angle of incidence, and (2) to compare these parameters in three populations: young adults, infants before walking, and patients with spondylolisthesis. Forty-four normal young adults, 32 infants not yet walking and 39 patients with spondylolisthesis due to isthmic spondylolysis underwent a sagittal full-spine radiography. A graphic table and the software for bidimensional study of the sacrum developed by J. Hecquet were used to determine various anatomic and positional parameters. Comparison tests of means, and multiple and partial correlation tests were used. A study of the reliability of the measurements using factorial plan methods was performed. The sagittal anatomic parameters of the sacrum were found to have a close relationship with the pelvic parameter of incidence angle, and therefore with the sagittal balance of the spine. The anatomy of the sacrum in spondylolisthesis patients is particular in that some features are much like those of young infants, but it is more curved and the incidence angle is significantly larger. There is a close relationship between angle of incidence and the slip of spondylolisthesis. All the parameters of young infants are significantly smaller than those of adults. It can be concluded that the sagittal anatomy of the sacrum plays a key role in spinal sagittal balance. The sacral bone is an integral a part of the pelvis and constitutes the undistorted part of the spinal curves. Organization of sagittal curves during growth can be followed up by looking at the sacrum. The sacrum in the spondylolisthesis group differs from the normal, and the greater angle of incidence and sacral slope in this group could predispose to vertebral slip.  相似文献   

17.
 目的 探讨脊柱-骨盆曲线和谐角(curve harmony angle, CHA)在量化矢状面相邻弯曲间相关性的作用,并评估其用于评价脊柱畸形矢状面平衡的可行性。方法 收集 93 名正常志愿者及 95 例脊柱畸形患者(包括退变性脊柱侧凸、特发性脊柱侧凸及强直性脊柱炎)的影像学资料,测量常见脊柱-骨盆矢状面局部参数和整体参数,并对其进行相关分析。测量脊柱-骨盆曲线和谐角,包括颈胸和谐角(cervical-thoracic angle,CTA)、胸腰和谐角(thoracic-lumbar angle,TLA)和腰骶和谐角(lumbar-sacral angle,LSA),比较正常人及不同畸形患者间 CHA 的特征性改变。根据 Schwab-SRS 成人脊柱畸形分型矢状面参数进行分组,比较不同矢状面平衡状态下 CHA 的改变,以检验 CHA 评价脊柱畸形矢状面平衡的可行性。结果 正常志愿者与各类型脊柱畸形患者常用脊柱骨盆参数呈现典型改变。CHA 在不同类型的脊柱畸形中呈特征性改变。与正常组比较,退变性脊柱侧凸组与强直性脊柱炎组均表现 CTA 与 LSA 减小、TLA 增大,且强直性脊柱炎组变化程度更为显著;特发性侧凸组仅 TLA 减小,而 CTA 及 LSA 与正常组的差异无统计学意义。矢状面代偿平衡组较平衡组有较小的 LSA,失衡组较平衡组有较小的 CTA 与 LSA 和较大的 TLA,CHA 能反映各代偿阶段的特征性改变。结论 CHA 可用于量化描述矢状面相邻弯曲间的关系。正常人、各类型脊柱畸形、以及不同平衡状态下 CHA 表现出不同的特点,其用于临床矢状面平衡及畸形矫正效果的评估具有可行性。  相似文献   

18.
目的:评估退行性脊柱侧凸畸形患者术前脊柱后方肌群肌力对长节段固定融合纠正矢状位失衡效果的影响。方法:回顾性研究2014年1月~2015年10月于我院接受长节段固定融合手术的退行性脊柱侧凸畸形患者32例。于术前对所有患者进行腰背肌力量测试,将可完成"小燕飞"动作的12例患者分为A组,年龄55~73岁(65.2±4.7岁);将无法完成"小燕飞"动作的20例患者分为B组,年龄55~75岁(64.8±4.9岁)。随访1.3~2年(1.5±0.5年)。比较两组术前、术后即刻及末次随访时矢状位影像学参数[腰椎前凸角(lumbar lordosis,LL)、胸椎后凸角(thoracic kyphosis,TK)、胸腰段后凸角(thoracic lumbar kyphosis,TLK)、骨盆倾斜角(pelvic tilt,PT)、骶骨倾斜角(sacral slope,SS)、矢状位垂直偏距(sagittal vertical axis,SVA)、近端交界区后凸角(proximal junctional angle,PJA)等]以及临床功能评分[Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、JOA评分和腰背痛VAS评分]。结果:两组患者的年龄、手术时长、术中出血量及平均住院日均无统计学差异,具有可比性。术前A组的LL、TLK、TK、SVA、PT、PI、SS、ODI、腰背痛VAS评分、JOA评分为29.6°±3.2°、33.5°±4.6°、54.6°±5.1°、9.9±2.1cm、28°±2.4°、54.8°±4.1°、26°±3.7°、(75.4±3.5)%、7.3±0.9分、8.7±0.5分;B组为29.7°±3.6°、35.3°±3.8°、55.2°±3.7°、9.4±1.6cm、28°±1.6°、52.2°±1.7°、23.4°±2.9°、(76.4±2.2)%、7.2±0.7分、8.5±0.5分。术后即刻A组的LL、TLK、TK、SVA、PJA、PT、SS、ODI、腰背痛VAS评分、JOA评分为41.5°±4.1°、8.8°±3.6°、25.8°±2.1°、3.6±1.0cm、3.6°±1.1°、14.8°±1.2°、40.8°±2.5°、(21.9±2.3)%、2.4±0.7分、23.2±1.4分;B组为40.6°±2.2°、10.1°±3.2°、27.3°±1.9°、3.5±1.0cm、3.8°±1.1°、16.9°±2.3°、35.3°±2.7°、(20.3±2.2)%、2.9±0.6分、23.0±1.3分;末次随访时A组为43.6°±4.3°、10.8°±3.6°、28.7°±1.8°、4.8±1.0cm、4.4°±1.5°、15.8°±1.2°、41.8°±2.7°、(14.5±5.1)%、2.0±1.6分、24.7±0.7分;B组为43.2°±2.0°、18.6°±3.2°、38.4°±3.2°、8.7±1.6cm、8.3°±2.6°、23.6°±2.6°、9.1°±3.3°、(28.7±3.2)%、4.6±1.7分、24.0±1.0分。两组术前和术后即刻的矢状位参数以及功能评分无统计学差异(P0.05);末次随访时两组LL无显著性差异(P0.05),TK、TLK、PT、SS、SVA、PJA均有统计学差异(P0.05),B组3例出现近端交界性后凸(proximal junctional kyphosis,PJK)。末次随访时两组ODI、腿痛VAS评分有统计学差异(P0.05),A组优于B组;JOA评分无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:术前脊柱后方肌群肌力对退行性脊柱侧凸畸形长节段固定术后矢状位纠正起到重要作用,术前良好的腰背肌力量可减少长节段固定术后矢状位纠正的丢失,从而降低交界性后凸等并发症的发生率。  相似文献   

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