不饱和脂酸及其硒化物对BEL—7402人肝癌细胞的杀伤作用及DNA合？…

研究了亚麻酸、亚油酸、油酸及其硒化物对人肝癌细胞杀伤作用及对ＤＮＡ合成的影响。结果表明，三种脂酸及其硒化物对ＢＥＬ－７４０２人肝癌细胞均有杀伤作用，其中以硒化亚麻酸杀伤作用最强，５００μｇ／ｍｌ即可杀灭全部肝癌细胞，且具剂量效应关系，其次是亚麻酸、亚油酸和硒化亚油酸。油酸和硒化油酸杀伤作用较弱。１５０μｇ／ｍｌ的亚麻酸，亚油酸及其硒化物和硒化油酸对肝癌细胞的ＤＮＡ合成均有明显抑制作用（Ｐ〈０．０１     

三种脂肪酸对人肝癌细胞DNA合成和甲胎蛋白分泌的影响

本实验目的探讨具有相同碳原子长度的亚麻酸，亚油酸及油酸处理的ＢＥＬ－７４０２人肝癌细胞后对ＤＮＡ合成和甲胎蛋白分泌抑制的影响。放射免疫法检测肝癌细胞分泌甲胎蛋白含量，＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法测定ＤＮＡ合成放射活性。实验结果表明，三种脂肪酸能抑制肿癌细胞ＤＮＡ合成，其中亚麻酸，亚油酸抑制作用明显，有显著性差异，油酸作用较；４０－５０μｇ／ｍｌ亚麻酸能明显地抑制肝癌细胞ＡＦＰ分泌，亚油酸和油酸与对照相比无     

硒化亚油酸及硒化亚麻酸对肿瘤细胞DNA合成的影响

本文报道用氚一胸腺嘧啶核苷（＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ）掺入法研究了新型抗癌药－硒化亚油酸及硒化亚麻酸对小鼠Ｓ１８０细胞ＤＮＡ合成的影响。结果表明，这两种新型抗肿瘤药物能明显抑制＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入肿瘤细胞，在１００μｇ／ｍｌ的浓度下，它们对Ｓ１８０瘤细胞ＤＮＡ合成的抑制率分别达到８９．０％和８８．３％，这些结果表明硒化亚油酸及硒化亚麻酸的抗癌机理之一是它们对＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入肿瘤细胞的干扰。     

维拉帕米抑制肝癌耐药细胞增殖的研究

目的探讨维拉帕米抑制肝癌耐药细胞增殖的机理。方法同位素掺入法研究细胞的增殖；荧光分光光度法测定细胞内抗癌药物浓度。结果单独应用ＶＰＭ对耐药肝癌细胞ＢＥＬ┐７４０２／ＡＤＲ有不同程度的抑制作用。而与ＡＤＲ合用，ＡＤＲ与对细胞增殖基本无影响的２．５μｇ／ｍｌ浓度的ＶＰＭ合用时，ＩＣ５０较单独用ＡＤＲ时明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而与５．０μｇ／ｍｌ的ＶＰＭ合用时，其ＩＣ４０较单独用ＡＤＲ降低更显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＶＰＭ可显著增加细胞内的抗癌药浓度（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）。结论ＶＰＭ降低ＡＤＲ的ＩＣ５０、增加抗癌药的细胞毒性，可能与其拮抗ｐ┐１７０糖蛋白有关     

肝癌患者全血,癌组织和癌旁组织的硒水平的分析

１９９０年５月至１９９２年５月收集我院经手术切除病理确诊为原发性肝癌患者５２例，其中男４９例，女３例，年龄２２～６９岁，中位年龄４７．５岁。采用２，３——二氨基苯荧光测定全血、癌组织和癌旁组织与健康人全血硒的含量，结果表明，肝癌患者全血硒的含量（平均值０．ｌ１７±０．０２５μｔｇ／ｍｌ）比健康人７４例全血硒的含量（平均值０．１３０±０．０２３μｇ／ｍｌ）。偏低（Ｐ＼０．２），而小肝癌１５例全血硒的含量（平均值Ｏ．１２３＋０．０２８μｇ／ｍｌ）比浸润型巨大肝癌１０例全血硒的含量（平均值０．０９８±Ｏ．０２３μｇ／ｍｌ）有明显的增加（ｐ＜０．０５）。无肝硬化的肝癌病人７例全血硒的含量（平均值０．１２９土０．０５μｇ／ｍｌ比中重度肝硬化的肝癌病人１６例全血硒的含量（平均值０．１０９±０．０３３μｇ／ｍｌ）有明显的增加（Ｐ＼０．０５）；肝癌病织硒的含量（平均值Ｏ．３０８±０．１１４μｇ／克）比癌旁组织硒的含量（平均值０．４７４±０．１４６μｇ／ｇ）有非常显著的减少（Ｐ＜０．００１），表明肝癌患者的全血、癌组织和癌旁组织硒的含量与临床分期和肝实质损害的程度有相关。     

亚硒酸钠和叶绿酸抗致癌物诱发BALB／3T3细胞DNA非程序合成的研究

本文报道１０６～１０４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ亚硒酸钠（Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３）和０．１ｍｇ～０．２ｍｇ／ｍｌ叶绿酸对致癌物Ｎ－甲基－Ｎ’－硝基－Ｎ－亚硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）和苯并［ａ］芘（ＢａＰ）诱发ＢＡＬＢ／３Ｔ３细胞ＤＮＡ非程序合成（ＵＤＳ）有明显的抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．００１）。加致癌物前２４小时加入Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３或叶绿酸，其抑制作用大于同时加入者（Ｐ＜０．０１～０．００１）。Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３与叶绿酸联合作用比单独使用抑制作用更强（Ｐ＜０．００１）。加入超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）抑制剂二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠能减弱叶绿酸对两种致癌物的抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０１和＜０．０５），提示其作用机理可能与ＳＯＤ消除自由基有关。     

硒化蓖麻酸多相脂质体抗癌作用的初步报告

将作者首次合成的硒化蓖麻酸及蓖麻酸分别制成乳剂和多相脂质体，进行各种剂型的动物体内外抗癌活性研究。结果，在体外５００μｇ／ｍｌ的浓度下，蓖麻酸乳剂和硒化蓖麻乳剂都能１００％地杀伤Ｓ１８０腹水型瘤细胞，而对照组瘤组织有９７％存活。在体内蓖麻酸乳剂给小鼠腹腔注射２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，对Ｓ１８０实体瘤的抑制率为３０．６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；相同剂量下硒化蓖麻酸乳剂的抑瘤率为３３．３％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；蓖麻酸多     

肿瘤坏死因子α和干扰素α明显增强人肝癌肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞的抗瘤活性

应用乳酸脱氢酶释放实验观察人肝癌肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞（ＴＩＬ）对经肿瘤坏死因子Ａｌｐｈａ（ＴＮＦ）和干扰素Ａｌｐｈａ（ＩＦＮ）培养过的人肝癌细胞体外抗瘤活性。结果显示经ＴＮＦ（１００Ｕ／ｍｌ）或ＩＦＮ（１００Ｕ／ｍｌ）培养过的人肝癌细胞对人肝癌ＴＩＬ的敏感性明显增强（Ｐ＜０．０５），两者合用，结果更显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；应用ＭＴＴ法观察ＴＮＦ和ＩＦＮ对人肝癌细胞增殖能力的影响，发现ＴＮＦ对人肝癌细胞的增殖具有抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０５），而ＩＦＮ无此现象（Ｐ＞０．０５），两者合用时抑制作用明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）。上述结果表明ＴＮＦ和ＩＦＮ可以通过直接或／和间接的方式增加肝癌细胞时其ＴＩＬ的敏感性，进一步的研究将具有潜在价值。     

硒化亚油酸与亚硒酸钠抗突变作用的比较研究

本文应用人全血白细胞非程序ＤＮＡ合成（ＵＤＳ）试验,对硒化亚油酸（Ｓｅ－ＬＡ）和亚硒酸钠（Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３）两者抑制ＭＮＮＧ诱发ＤＮＡ损伤作用进行了观察和比较。结果表明：Ｓｅ－ＬＡ（０．０２３～３．４２４μｇ／ｍｌ）对ＭＮＮＧ诱发ＵＤＳ反应有明显抑制作用,其抑制率远大于含硒量相同的Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３;０．０５μｇ／ｍｌＮａ２ＳｅＯ３（含Ｓｅ量为０．０２３μｇ／ｍｌ）对ＵＤＳ反应呈最强的抑制率（２１．７％）,随Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３浓度增高,其抑制作用反而降低,说明Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３作为抗突变剂,它在高剂量时又呈现遗传毒性;当含Ｓｅ量≥０．０４６μｇ／ｍｌ时,Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３对ＭＮＮＧ诱发ＤＮＡ损伤的抑制作用显著下降,而Ｓｅ－ＬＡ仍保持较高的抑制率（４２．２％～４３．９％）,表明Ｓｅ－ＬＡ明显降低了硒的毒性     

钳蝎蝎毒组分Ⅱ对人直肠腺癌C1184细胞生长的影响

蝎毒组分Ⅱ（ＳｃｏｒｐｉｏｎＶｅｎｏｍｃｒｕｄｅⅡ，ＳＶＣⅡ）为河南马氏钳蝎粗毒（ＳＶＣ）经分离纯化后获得的有效成分之一。实验结果表明，以丝裂霉素作为阳性对照，ＳＶＣⅡ（４～２０μｇ／ｍｌ）对人直肠腺癌Ｃ１１８４细胞株有明显杀伤作用。与空白对照相比，ＳＶＣⅡ使细胞生长抑制率、细胞毒性和克隆形成抑制率增大（Ｐ＜０．０５或（Ｐ＜０．０１），并存在剂量效应关系，其半数抑制浓度分别为１１．２０μｇ／ｍｌ、１１．９３μｇ／ｍｌ和１７．３８μｇ／ｍｌ。从生长曲线可见，ＳＶＣⅡ对细胞生长呈剂量和时间依赖性抑制。ＳＶＣⅡ还能使细胞分裂指数下降。提示ＳＶＣⅡ具有抗癌细胞增殖作用。     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and risk for esophageal and head and neck cancers

Alcoholic beverages are causally related to cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and esophagus. Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde and then to acetate by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), both of which have genetic polymorphisms. A review of case-control studies of the effects of ALDH2, ADH2 and ADH3 genotypes shows consistently positive associations between inactive heterozygous ALDH2 and the less-active ADH2 genotypes and the risk for esophageal cancer in East Asian heavy drinkers and this enzyme-related vulnerability may extend to light-to-moderate drinkers. Some studies suggest similar associations with the risk for head and neck cancer in moderate-to-heavy-drinking Japanese. An established carcinogen in experimental animals, acetaldehyde can interact with human DNA. ALDH2-associated cancer susceptibility fits into a scenario in which acetaldehyde plays a critical role in the development of human cancer. Alcohol flushing and drinking behavior may partly explain this carcinogenic effect in carriers of less-active ADH2 genotypes. Whether the ADH3 genotype influences head and neck cancer risk in Western nations is controversial. Professional and public education about risky conditions connected to the ALDH2 and ADH2 genotypes and environmental factors is important in a new strategic approach to the prevention of alcohol-related cancers in East Asians. The use of simple tests to identify inactive ALDH2 on the basis of alcohol flushing responses could benefit many people, by helping them to identify their own cancer risks. Such testing could also help clinicians diagnose esophageal cancer earlier, through the use of endoscopic screening in the high-risk population.     

Religiosity and Physical and Emotional Functioning Among African American and White Colorectal and Lung Cancer Patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.