Soemmering's ring support for posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation during penetrating keratoplasty. Changing trends in bullous keratopathy.

BACKGROUND: Changing trends in cataract extractions have resulted in a new category of bullous keratopathy: corneal decompensation after complicated extracapsular cataract extraction. These cases of bullous keratopathy are associated with rupture of the posterior capsule, vitreous loss, and significant intraocular inflammation at the time of the original complicated extracapsular cataract extraction. METHODS: The authors reviewed 14 consecutive cases of penetrating keratoplasty for bullous keratopathy in which posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was supported by remnants of the posterior capsule and/or Soemmering's ring without suture fixation. All 14 patients had a history of complicated extracapsular cataract extraction with capsule rupture and vitreous loss. RESULTS: All 14 patients had clear, compact grafts without migration of the intraocular lens with a mean follow-up of 12.1 months. Vision improved in 93% of cases, and there was no significant worsening of glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: Pseudophakic bullous keratopathy after traumatic extracapsular cataract extraction with an anterior chamber intraocular lens and aphakic bullous keratopathy after traumatic extracapsular cataract extraction are two relatively new clinical entities that present new intraocular lens management options. Bullous keratopathy after complicated extracapsular cataract extraction should be recognized as a distinct clinical entity. Intraocular lens implantation into the ciliary sulcus with Soemmering's ring and peripheral capsular support provide the advantages of a posterior chamber intraocular lens without the risk of iris or scleral sutures. The authors predict that bullous keratopathy associated with traumatic extracapsular cataract extraction will become one of the more common indications for penetrating keratoplasty.     

Posterior capsule rupture following closed globe injury: Scheimpflug imaging, pathogenesis, and management

PURPOSE. To report the Scheimpflug and clinical findings in a case of pediatric posterior capsule rupture due to blunt ocular trauma. METHODS. Interventional case report. Analysis of Scheimpflug findings and review of literature. RESULTS. An 11-year-old boy presented 2 days after blunt trauma to the left eye with a slingshot. On examination his best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/400 in the left. Slitlamp examination (left eye) revealed a Vossius ring, traumatic cataract, and traumatic posterior capsular rupture (TPCR).The contour of the posterior bulge corresponded to the edges of the TPCR. Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam 70700: Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) confirmed traumatic cataract in region of TPCR evidenced by increased lens density at cortex-vitreous interface, absence of vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber, and the amount of residual nucleus. The extent of the TPCR in the greatest and least dimensions was documented before and after intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Intraoperatively, TPCR was evident and phacoemulsification with IOL implant was performed. Postoperatively, his BCVA improved to 20/20 in the left eye with a well-centered in-thebag IOL as found on slit lamp and Scheimpflug images. CONCLUSIONS. This report highlights the use of Scheimpflug imaging in isolated posterior capsule rupture following closed globe injury, to visualize and quantify the size of posterior capsule rupture and its role in management.     

白内障后囊破裂人工晶状体睫状沟固定与植入前房疗效比较

目的:比较睫状沟缝线固定人工晶状体术和前房人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障后囊破裂的疗效。方法:回顾性分析采用睫状沟缝线固定人工晶状体术、前房人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障后囊破裂45例45眼,比较两组手术的疗效。结果:睫状沟缝线固定人工晶状体术组和前房人工晶状体植入术组均能有效治疗白内障后囊破裂。但后者术后有2例6mo后出现虹膜睫状体炎及眼压升高,其余视力均改善。前者视力均改善,未见有明显的并发症。结论:睫状沟缝线固定人工晶状体术和前房人工晶状体植入术均能有效治疗白内障后囊破裂,改善视力,但前者更接近于生理位置,术后并发症更少。     

Long-term results after epilenticular intraocular lens implantation following traumatic cataract

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the late postoperative outcome and complication rate after lensectomy with primary epilenticular intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for traumatic cataract. Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 11 patients who were operated on for traumatic cataract after penetrating or blunt ocular trauma between 1997 and 2002. One patient developed cataract due to a large rupture of the posterior capsule after blunt trauma. Ten patients sustained a penetrating ocular injury with (7 eyes) or without (3 eyes) intraocular foreign body (IOFB). In all patients the IOL was implanted at the beginning of the operation into the ciliary sulcus in front of the opaque lens followed by pars-plana lensectomy and vitrectomy. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 27.4 months. Eight eyes (72.7 %) achieved a final visual acuity of 0.5 or better. Major causes of limited visual acuity were central corneal scars causing irregular astigmatism. In all patients the IOL was safely and easily implanted into the ciliary sulcus. During the subsequent pars-plana lensectomy and vitrectomy as well as during the follow-up period all IOLs remained anatomically stable and well centered. In one patient PVR retinal detachment had to be treated by pars-plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. CONCLUSIONS: Epilenticular IOL implantation followed by pars-plana lensectomy is an easy and safe method to treat traumatic cataract in the setting of penetrating ocular trauma repair. It is associated with a favorable visual outcome and a low rate of postoperative complications.     

晶状体后囊膜破裂时前囊膜夹持法人工晶状体植入术的疗效观察

目的：观察晶状体后囊膜大面积破裂时采用晶状体前囊膜夹持法行后房型人工晶状体植入术的远期疗效。方法：对因各种原因导致晶状体后囊膜大面积破裂的白内障患者48例（48只眼）,在囊外白内障摘除术中采用晶状体前囊膜夹持法一期行后房型人工晶状体植入术,术后观察患者的视力、人工晶状体的位置、晶状体囊膜的混浊情况和并发症的发生情况。术后随访时间3－60个月。结果：术后矫正视力≥0.5者39例（81．3％）;人工晶状体位置稳定;无后发性白内障、视网膜脱离、继发性青光眼和顽固性葡萄膜炎等并发症发生。结论：对于晶状体后囊膜大面积破裂的患者,在囊外白内障摘除术中采用晶状体前囊膜夹持法行后房型人工晶状体植入术,不仅操作简便,而且效果良好,建立临床推广使用。     

Spontaneous bilateral posterior capsule rupture in child--case report

Isolated posterior capsule rupture without penetrating injury has rarely been reported. Posterior capsule tears can be preexisting, spontaneous or intrasurgical. Authors report a case of progressing bilateral cataract in 3 months old boy, caused by posterior capsule rupture. Rapidly developing cataract with intumescent lens material in vitreous cavity required surgical procedure: pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy in both eyes.     

外伤性白内障手术的疗效分析

目的：评价外伤性白内障的手术效果。方法：对56例（58眼）各种原因所致的外伤性白内障施行手术治疗,其中44眼行现代白内障囊外摘出或超声乳化术,同时一期后房人工晶状体植入;5眼二期后房人工晶状体植入;6眼前房人工晶状体植入;3眼人工晶状体缝线固定术。结果：术后视力0.4－1.0者39眼占67.2％,并发症主要为后囊破裂玻璃体脱出、角膜水肿、人工晶状体前膜及后发障。结论：外伤性白内障虽病情复杂,并发症较多,但通过精细手术和术前术后的合理治疗仍可获得满意疗效。     

后囊破裂型外伤性白内障人工晶状体二期植入

目的探讨人工晶状体二期睫状沟植入在眼球穿孔伤所致后囊破裂型外伤性白内障手术中的应用。方法我院2011年1月至2013年1月收治眼球穿孔伤所致后囊破裂型外伤性白内障82例（82眼）,在一期眼球清创缝合白内障摘出联合前段玻璃体切除手术时尽量保留残余囊袋。3～6个月后行二期人工晶状体植入术。根据囊袋残留情况分为两组：A组：残留囊袋足够支撑后房型人工晶状体者（48例）,进行后房型人工晶状体睫状沟植入。B组：囊袋无残留或残留囊袋无法支撑后房型人工晶状体者（34例）,进行缝线固定晶状体襻于巩膜壁的后房型人工晶状体睫状沟植入。结果两组患者术后视力均有提高。B组BCVA明显低于A组。A组2例（4．17％）人工晶状体光学中心轻度偏移,4例（8．33％）体部轻度倾斜;B组6例（17．65％）人工晶状体光学中心轻度偏移,6例（17．65％）体部倾斜,其中3例（8．82％）眼球转动时有不适感。结论对于眼球穿孔伤所致后囊破裂型外伤性白内障,于一期行眼球清创缝合、白内障摘出联合前段玻璃体切除手术时尽量保留残余囊袋组织,可为二期植入人工晶状体创造良好条件。二期手术时选择后房型人工晶状体睫状沟植入术,符合人体解剖结构,稳定性好。     

后囊膜破裂非缝线固定后房型人工晶状体植入术的临床分析

目的：探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障术中后囊膜破裂非缝线固定后房型人工晶状体植入术的方法和疗效。

方法：对于31例31眼白内障患者在行小切口白内障术时均行环形撕囊,术中发现后囊膜破裂后防止后囊膜破口扩大,处理玻璃体后充分利用残余的囊膜植入后房型人工晶状体。

结果：术后1wk矫正视力≥0.5者25例(80.6%); 术后3mo,矫正视力≥0.5者26例(83.9%)。

结论：非缝线固定后房型人工晶状体植入术是处理后囊膜破裂的一种方便、有效的方法。     

外伤性白内障术前B超检查的临床意义

目的 探讨外伤性白内障术前采用Ｂ超检查后囊破损情况的临床意义。方法 外伤性白内障３０只眼,术前采用Ｂ超检查评估后囊情况,显微镜下白内障摘除术中直接观察后囊情况并记录。结果 １４只眼术前Ｂ超检查后囊完整,手术证实１２只眼后囊完整,２只眼后囊小破坏。１６只眼术前Ｂ超检查后囊破损,手术证实１４只眼后囊存在大小不等的破损,２只眼后囊完整。结论 外伤性白内障术前Ｂ超检查为非侵入性、无痛性检查方法,操作简便,     

超声乳化术中人工晶状体前囊夹持植入的临床观察

目的:观察超声乳化术中人工晶状体前囊夹持植入法的临床效果。方法:对白内障超声乳化术中撕囊口过小21例21眼、后囊破裂6例6眼、囊袋宽松1例2眼采用前囊夹持法植入后房型人工晶状体,术后观察视力、人工晶状体位置及后发性白内障情况,术后随访6～24mo。结果:术后3mo视力0.3以上6眼,0.5以上13眼,0.8以上10眼,人工晶状体位置稳定,后发性白内障发生率与囊袋内植入相近,未发现其它与固定有关的并发症。结论:白内障超声乳化术中采用前囊夹持法植入后房型人工晶状体效果良好,是超声乳化术中出现撕囊口过小、后囊膜破裂等并发症的一种有效补充手段。     

人工晶状体巩膜固定术的手术进展

外伤或先天性疾病导致的晶状体脱位以及白内障手术后囊破裂较大等无法常规植入人工晶状体的患者,可根据病情选择不同的术式植入人工晶状体。本文将介绍多种后房型人工晶状体巩膜固定术的手术方法,包括人工晶状体巩膜缝线固定术、无缝合巩膜层间人工晶状体襻固定术、生物胶人工晶状体襻巩膜固定术。此外还将对以上术式的术后效果及并发症进行综述。     

Scheimpflug imaging of pediatric posterior capsule rupture

We report a case of an 11-year-old boy who presented two days after blunt trauma to the left eye with a slingshot. On examination his best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/400 in the left eye. Slit-lamp examination of the left eye revealed a Vossius ring, traumatic cataract, traumatic posterior capsule tear (PCT). The contour of the posterior capsule bulge corresponded to the edges of the PCT. Rotating Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam 70700:Oculus, Wetzlar Germany) confirmed the traumatic cataract in the region of the PCT visualized as increased lens density at the cortex-vitreous interface. The extent of the PCT in the greatest and least dimensions was documented before and after intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Intra-operatively, the PCT was evident and phaco-emulsification with an IOL implant was performed. Postoperatively, his BCVA improved to 20/20 in the left eye with a well-centered in-the-bag IOL as found on slit-lamp and Scheimpflug images.     

外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入手术时机及方法的探讨

目的探讨外伤性白内障的手术时机的选择。方法对我院2008年7月～2011年8月收治的52例52眼外伤性白内障,根据其年龄、晶状体外伤性质、其他部位外伤情况及炎症反应程度,选择时机进行白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术。伴有角膜裂伤者,先缝合伤口,视情况进行一期或者二期白内障手术;晶状体囊破口较小及挫伤性白内障,待皮质浑浊较充分后进行手术;外伤后炎症反应较重者,先控制炎症,于(1-2)周内手术;晶状体皮质膨胀突出于前房接触角膜及引起严重炎症反应或继发青光眼者,则立即进行手术。采用白内障吸出、囊外摘出或玻璃体晶状体切除联合后房人工晶状体一期植入手术方法。52眼中,一期人工晶状体植入35眼,二期植入17眼,均为后房人工晶状体。结果术后视力0.05以上者占96.15%,0.3以上者占67.31%,0.5以上者占36.54%,1.0以上者占3.85%。结论正确掌握白内障的手术时机,及时处理术中术后并发症,复杂的外伤性白内障术后仍能获得较好的视力,并能促进恢复双眼单视功能。     

曲安奈德前房内注射在外伤性白内障术中的应用

目的:探讨前房内注射曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)在外伤性白内障术中的安全性和有效性.方法:收集2013-01/2016-05的31例31眼外伤性白内障患者,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除手术,术中联合前房内注入TA,以帮助辨识是否有玻璃体脱出以及玻璃体所在位置.13例13眼被证实后囊膜完整,无玻璃体脱入前房患者,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除手术.18例18眼被证实伴有后囊膜破裂,玻璃体脱出患者行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合前部玻璃体切除手术.术后随访6~12 mo.结果:所有病例均顺利完成手术.Ⅱ期角膜穿通伤患者均顺利植入人工晶状体.18例前房内注入TA证实伴有后囊膜破裂、玻璃体脱出者,在TA辅助下,明显改善了术中玻璃体皮质的辨识度,均彻底切除了前房的玻璃体.术后随访28例患者术后最佳矫正视力大于4.5.所有患者术后眼内炎症反应轻微,均未出现持续1 wk以上的高眼压及角膜水肿,人工晶状体位置居中,瞳孔位置居中.结论:曲安奈德前房内注射使得外伤性白内障手术更安全,术中后囊破裂及玻璃体脱出的处理更容易,同时可以抑制术后炎症反应.     

Migration of lens epithelial cells through haptic root of single-piece acrylic-foldable intraocular lens

PURPOSE: To report a case of posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery due to lens epithelial cell migration through the haptic root of a single-piece acrylic-foldable intraocular lens. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 60-year-old man with senile cataract underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of single-piece acrylic intraocular lens having thick and wide haptic loops. RESULTS: There were no operative or short-term postoperative complications, and patient's visual acuity was 20/20 on the day following surgery. At 19 months postoperatively, we observed posterior capsule opacity extending from the base of the intraocular lens loops. CONCLUSION: Broad and thick haptic root can be a path through which lens epithelial cells migrate toward the center of the posterior capsule, forming posterior capsule opacification.     

Visualization of posterior lens capsule integrity by 20-MHz ultrasound probe in ocular trauma

PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of the 20-MHz ultrasound probe in facilitating visualization of the posterior lens capsule in ocular trauma. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: Serial examinations using 10-MHz, 20-MHz, and 50-MHz ultrasound technologies were performed on the anterior segment of the right eye of an 18-year-old man referred with a diagnosis of globe penetration and secondary traumatic cataract. RESULTS: Cross-sectional echograms of the anterior segment using the 20-MHz ultrasound showed posterior lens capsule integrity. CONCLUSION: When verifying the status of the posterior lens capsule in cases of ocular trauma, the 20-MHz ultrasound probe is a useful and novel approach.     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术中后囊破裂人工晶状体一期植入临床观察

【摘目的探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术中发生后囊破裂人工晶状体一期植入的安全性和有效性。方法对346例（381眼）行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术,术中发生晶状体后囊破裂2l眼,其中18眼一期植入后房人工晶状体,3眼未植入人工晶状体,观察后囊破裂人工晶状体一期植人病例的并发症及术后3月视力。结果一过性眼压升高3眼（16．67％）,角膜水肿16眼（88．89％）,人工晶状体轻度偏位2眼（11．11％）,瞳孔欠圆、轻度移位5眼（27．78％）,术后3月最佳矫正视力≥O．5者13眼（72．22％）,无严重并发症发生。结论小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术中后囊破裂时,视具体情况后房型人工晶状体一期植入是安全的,并可取得较好的视力。     

Sulcus Transscleral Intraocular Lens Suture Fixation through Small Scleral Tunnel Incision

Purpose:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of sulcus transscleral intraocular lens suture fixation with small incision through scleral tunnel in eyes the with posterior capsule defect or insufficient zonula support. Methods:Thirty nine eyes with severe posterior capsule defect and zonula damages caused by small-incision cataract surgery,and those with capsule absence or intraocular lens dislocation were selected in this investigation from February 2007 to December 2009.Sulcus transscleral intraocular lens suture combined with puncture needle-guided external approach and."one- or two-point fixation" method in the small sclera tunnel incision were employed. Results:The mean follow-up was 12.1 months (range from 3 to 28 months). Six eyes were complicated by some eye diseases postoperatively.The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in other 34 eyes.(87.17%).All eyes with secondary IOL fixation presented equal or better naked visual acuity than best-corrected visual acuity best-corrected preoperatively.No intraoperative and postoperative complications such as hemorrhage, retinal detachment, intraocular lens tilt and decentration occurred. Conclusion:Sulcus transscleral intraocular lens suture fixation via small sclera tunnel incision was easy to operate and master,required less operative time,and made primary intraocular lens fixation more effective in eyes with posterior capsule defect or insufficient zonula support in small sclera tunnel incision surgery.In addition,the technique was safe and effcacious for secondary intraocular lens fixation.     

Visual outcome and complications after posterior capsule rupture during phacoemulsification surgery

Purpose: To determine the visual outcome and incidence of complications after posterior capsule rupture during phacoemulsification surgery. Methods: Forty-four eyes of 43 patients which sustained posterior capsule rupture or zonulysis during phacoemulsification surgery between April 1993 and May 1996 were retrospectively studied. Eyes With pseudoexfoliation syndrome, traumatic cataract and myopia > 6 dioptres were excluded from the study. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 26 months (range 3 to 47 months). Results: Forty-one eyes had posterior capsule rupture and 3 eyes had zonulysis. Of these 44 eyes, 41 eyes had vitreous loss and anterior vitrectomy at the time ofsurgery or subsequently. Excluding 2 eyes with pre-existing conditions that precluded good vision, 36 out of 42 eyes (85.7%) achieved spectacle corrected visual acuity of 6/12 or better post-operatively. Of all 42 eyes, 20 had anterior chamber intraocular lens (ACIOL) implantation while the others had posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation. For eyes with ACIOL, 17 out of 20 eyes (85.0%) had best corrected visual acuity of 6/12 or better. For eyes with PCIOL, 19 out of 22 eyes (86.4%) had best corrected visual1 acuity of 6/12 or better. Conclusions:Phacoemulsification surgery, even if complicated by posterior capsule rupture or zonulysis, is compatible with good visual outcome. This is provided prompt attention is paid to the management of complications