Anglo-American mothers and the prevention of postpartum depression

The purpose of this study was to assess for postpartum depression prevention activities of a group of 20 Anglo-American mothers who had given birth within the last year and who denied having postpartum depression. Results of open-ended interviewing and qualitative analysis indicated that in addition to the women being able to articulate a prescribed postpartum period, they also were the beneficiaries of protective measures and rituals, some degree of social seclusion, rest, assistance with tasks, and social recognition of their new social status as a mother. These results underscore the importance of social support for the prevention of postpartum depression and the need to educate mothers, families, and health care workers on their use and value.     

产后早期母婴连结与产后抑郁状况及其相关性分析

目的 探讨产妇产后早期母婴连结及产后抑郁现状及其相关性.方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2018年8月—10月在本市某三级甲等综合医院门诊进行产后复查的413例产妇为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、产后连结问卷(postpartum bonding questionnaire,PBQ)、爱丁堡抑郁量表(Edinburgh po...     

Acculturation and Orofacial Pain Among Hispanic Adults

This study examined the associations between acculturation and orofacial pain and healthcare among Hispanic adults. Understanding the effects of acculturation on Hispanic oral health may improve understanding of oral health disparities in the United States. Data were collected from 911 Hispanic adults reporting tooth pain and painful oral sores who were part of a larger study of South Florida residents conducted using random-digit dialing methodology. The survey was conducted in Spanish or English by bilingual interviewers per the choice of each respondent. Greater use of the Spanish language was associated with disparities in healthcare visits for orofacial pain, not having a usual dentist, having greater pain, increased difficulty eating and sleeping, and more depression. Respondents' and their parents' nativity (families that had been in the United States longer) and those identifying more closely to Hispanic culture were also predictive of several of the outcomes. Gender, financial status, and age, independent of acculturation, were also associated with orofacial pain, accessing health care, and pain-related loss of functioning among Hispanics. The data support the hypothesis that Hispanics with less acculturation are less able to access needed oral health care. This study highlights the need for outreach programs targeting recent Hispanic immigrants focusing on oral health care.

Perspective

This study found that lower levels of acculturation, particularly less frequent use of English, were associated with greater oral pain and depression for Hispanics adults. This emphasizes the need to provide Hispanic patients with information in Spanish and the importance of having bilingual materials and staff in dental clinics.     

Introducing mother-baby interaction therapy for mothers with postpartum depression and their infants

Postpartum depression (PPD) and other perinatal mental health disorders have profound adverse effects on maternal-infant interaction and child health. However, standard psychiatric treatment does not necessarily improve the quality of mother-infant interaction. The purpose of this article is to describe the evidence-based CARE intervention and its translation to practice as Mother-Baby Interaction (MBI) Therapy to promote infant outcomes by supporting mothers’ sensitive, responsive, and contingent interactions with their infants. Two vignettes illustrate MBI. We advocate that MBI needs to be a requisite adjunct treatment for PPD, and other perinatal mental health disorders, to promote maternal functioning, and positive long-term infant health outcomes.     

Acculturation, depression, and function in individuals seeking pain management in a predominantly Hispanic southwestern border community

Acculturation does not inform practice in the acute or primary care setting; nor does it explain ethnic disparities in the recognition and treatment of chronic diseases, particularly chronic pain. As clinicians, it is imperative that we recognize contributing factors, comorbid conditions, and the impact of chronic pain on individuals and families. The purposes of this article are to present evidence that exemplifies the nonsignificant role acculturation plays in expression of pain and function of a predominantly Hispanic population on the United States border; and to identify more meaningful perspectives of culture that may lessen health disparities and improve pain management.     

Testing of a prototype Web based intervention for adolescent mothers on postpartum depression

PurposeThis article describes testing of a prototype Web site for adolescent mothers with postpartum depression; providing proof of concept.MethodsParticipants (N = 138) were recruited from a public school-based program for adolescent parents and completed the Mental Health Acceptability Scale, Stigma Scale for Receiving Psychological Help, and Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale before, and after, the Web site intervention. They also provided feedback on the usability of the Web site.ResultsAttitudes related to depression and treatment (ATSPPH) improved after viewing the Web site (p = .023). Feedback on the Web site indicated that it was easy to use (77%), reflecting highly acceptable score for product usability.ConclusionsThe data provide the foundation for the launch of the Web site from prototype to product and more comprehensive testing. The creation and testing of informational text messages will be added to the Web site to increase the interactivity and dose of the intervention.     

Postpartum depression among White, African American, and Hispanic low-income mothers in rural southeastern North Carolina

The purpose of this study was to assess factors impacting postpartum depression (PPD) among the 61 White, African American, and Hispanic low-income Medicaid recipients who enrolled in a prenatal program at a local health department in rural Southeastern North Carolina. The findings indicate that mothers who experienced mood changes, such as depression and anxiety, before or during pregnancy reported an increased level of PPD (p = 0.035). Nearly a third of the mothers displayed either minor (17.3%) or major (15.4%) depressive symptoms. Community health nurses working with this population need to be increasingly aware of the underlying causes and prevalence of PPD among low income mothers for early screening and intervention.     

产后抑郁症患者血中孤啡肽水平与单胺类递质的相关性

背景:孤啡肽是近年来才发现的一种重要的生物活性多肽,其在中枢及外周的广泛分布提示它可能有较为广泛的调节整体行为的功能。目的:测定产后抑郁症妇女血孤啡肽及单胺类递质5-羟色胺、多巴胺的含量,探讨产后抑郁症时孤啡肽含量的变化及意义。设计:以诊断为依据的病例对照实验。单位:解放军第二军医大学长征及长海医院妇产科。对象:2002-02/2004-10在解放军第二军医大学长征,长海医院妇产科门诊产后复诊的健康产妇25例(对照组)及发生产后抑郁症的产妇17例(抑郁组)。均为自愿参加者,年龄为21～43岁,文化程度相当。抑郁组均为首次发病,发病时间为产后15～25d,爱丁堡产后抑郁量表总分≥13分。试验对象对本试验的内容知情同意。方法:测定25例健康产妇(对照组)及17例产后抑郁症妇女(抑郁组)静脉血中孤啡肽及单胺类递质含量。①标本采集:抑郁组于发病2周后取血,对照组于产后35d抽血。②测定方法:采用放射免疫测定法测定孤啡肽含量,药盒由美国phoenix公司提供,操作程序严格按药盒说明进行;5-羟色胺及多巴胺测定采用高压液相色谱/电化学检测法。主要观察指标:①抑郁组及对照组血孤啡肽含量及5-羟色胺、多巴胺含量的变化。②抑郁组爱丁保产后抑郁量表总分与孤啡肽含量的相关性。结果:对照组25例健康产妇及抑郁组17例发生产后抑郁症的产妇均纳入结果分析。①与对照组相比,抑郁组孤啡肽含量升高,而5-羟色胺及多巴胺含量则下降(抑郁组及对照组血孤啡肽:(27.39±6.04),(10.37±3.65)ng/L;抑郁组及对照组血5-羟色胺:(0.93±0.21),(1.43±0.36)μmol/L;抑郁组及对照组血多巴胺:(2.15±0.41),(3.64±0.72)μmol/L,P<0.01或0.05)。②抑郁组孤啡肽与5-羟色胺及多巴胺含量呈负相关(r为-0.601及-0.593,P<0.05)。③抑郁组爱丁堡产后抑郁量表总分与孤啡肽含量呈正相关(r=0.512,P<0.05),与5-羟色胺、多巴胺含量呈负相关(r=-0.571,-0.526,P<0.05)。结论:产后抑郁患者血孤啡肽含量增加并与5-羟色胺及多巴胺的含量呈负向相关,与爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分呈正向相关。     

产后访视对产后抑郁的干预效果

目的 探讨产后访视对产后抑郁症的干预效果。 方法 加强规范的产后访视,予以产妇产褥期健康宣教与指导。 结果 及时、规范的产后访视,能明显减少产后抑郁症的发生。 结论产后访视是降低产后抑郁症发病率的重要手段。     

Acculturation and biobehavioral profiles in pregnant women of Hispanic origin: generational differences

In Hispanics, acculturation may lead to negative health outcomes. This study used a cross-sectional design to investigate the psychosocial and biological risks in acculturating pregnant women of Hispanic origin (n = 470). Psychosocial risks-depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress-were assessed by self-report, whereas biological measures included stress-related and reproductive hormones. Mental health deteriorated across generations, with worsening depression, anxiety, and stress with successive generations. Stress and reproductive hormone levels decreased across generations, whereas body mass index and number of sexual partners increased. These data provide potential biobehavioral explanations of the relationship between acculturation and declining health among Hispanic women in the United States.     

Social support and postpartum depression

Discrepancies between prenatal social support expectations and subsequent perceptions of support actually received were examined in relation to postpartum depression. Low-risk primiparous women (N = 105) were surveyed 1 month before and 1 month after delivery. Almost half of the women prenatally and one third postpartally had depression scores which would lead them to be classified as possibly depressed (CES-D scores of 16 or greater). In multiple regression, two social support discrepancy measures, prenatal depression and postpartal closeness to husband, correlated with postpartal depression and accounted for nearly 40% of its variance. The generalizability of the findings should be further explored, but the findings suggest the need for attention to prenatal expectations of postpartum support as a way to influence the incidence of postpartum depression. In addition, continued efforts to identify causes of postpartum closeness with the spouse are needed.