雄激素最大限度阻断治疗前列腺癌的现状

早在 1 945年 ,Ｈｕｇｇｉｎｓ等〔1〕就开始在临床中引入雄激素全阻断 (ＴＡＢ)的概念 ,即在去势手术后再行双侧肾上腺切除术 ,以期完全去除雄激素 ,但由于病残率和死亡率较高 ,这一方法未能被广泛采用。 1 979年Ｂｒａｃｃｉ〔2〕首先报道将孕酮作为一线抗雄激素药物用于去势之后的患者 ,以达到雄激素最大限度阻断 (ＭＡＢ)的作用。Ｌａｂｒｉｅ等在 1 985年首先报道将ＬＨ ＲＨ类似物 (Ｌｅｕｐｒｏｌｉｄｅ)与非甾体抗雄激素药物 (Ｆｌｕｔａｍｉｄｅ)合用 ,以达到最大限度阻断雄激素的目的。在ＭＡＢ方案中 ,Ｓｏｌｏｗａｙ等〔3〕将抗…     

去势联合雄激素阻断治疗前列腺癌

我们于1997年1月～2002年1月采用去势联合雄激素阻断治疗前列腺癌18例,疗效满意,报告如下。     

联合雄激素阻断治疗转移性前列腺癌

本文就近年来联合雄激素阻断治疗转移性前列腺癌的状况和有关问题辊以综述。     

前列腺癌手术去势后间断性雄激素阻断内分泌治疗策略

去势治疗是前列腺癌患者的主要治疗手段。对药物去势病例的治疗,国内外研究均在尝试间歇性雄激素阻断内分泌治疗,而对手术去势病例,是否可作间断性雄激素阻断内分泌治疗,这是多数学者在探索的问题。本文基于对该方法的可行性研究,随访观察了21例前列腺癌患者,并结合文献作讨论分析。     

间歇性与持续性雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌疗效比较

目的 比较间歇性与持续性雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌的疗效和副反应。方法 晚期前列腺癌患者69例，分2组。A组34例行间歇性联合雄激素阻断治疗，B组35例行手术去势加抗雄激素药物即持续性雄激素阻断治疗。比较2组患者的疾病进展时间和副反应发生率。结果 A组中位随访31．5（10～60）个月，B组32．6（12～63）个月。A组患者共行60个周期治疗，平均治疗周期13．7个月，其中治疗期6．4个月、间歇期7．3个月。A、B组中位疾病进展时间分别为31、28个月，差异无统计学意义（P=0．446）；骨转移患者中A组中位疾病进展时间24个月，B组为18个月，2组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0．04）。2组副反应发生率分别为：潮热症状A组20．6％（7／34），B组62．9％（22／35）（P〈0．01）；骨质疏松A组11．8％（4／34），B组31．4％（11／35）（P〈0．05）；乳房肿痛A组14．7％（5／34），B组37．1％（13／35）（P〈0．05）。结论 对晚期前列腺癌患者行雄激素阻断治疗应首选间歇性联合雄激素阻断治疗。     

间歇性与持续性雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌疗效比较

目的：比较间歇性与持续性雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌的疗效以及治疗产生的副作用。方法选取我科2012年1月-2013年1月收治的晚期前列腺癌患者76例,分为观察组（38例）及对照组（38例）。观察组38例行间歇性雄激素阻断治疗即药物去势加抗雄激素药物,对照组38例行持续性雄激素阻断治疗即手术去势加抗雄激素药物。比较两组患者的副反应发生率及治疗后的生活质量。结果观察组38例患者发生潮热症状者13例（34.21％）、乳房胀痛者12例（31.58％）。对照组23例患者发生潮热症状者26例（68.42％）、乳房胀痛者25例（65.79％）。比较两组潮热症状及乳房胀痛的发生率差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组患者治疗后,观察组患者在肠道症状、性功能、尿路症状、骨痛、治疗相关症状方面都较对照组有明显的改善,生活质量大大提高,两组对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论间歇性联合雄激素阻断治疗可以明显降低患者治疗的副作用并且增加治疗后的生活质量,是晚期前列腺癌患者行雄激素阻断治疗的首选方案。     

前列腺癌的间歇雄激素阻断疗法(附编者按)

前列腺癌的发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势,据美国统计约占男性癌肿的36%和男性癌肿相关死亡率的13%[1]。尽管近年来联合应用直肠指诊、Ｂ超、ＰＳＡ测定和前列腺穿刺活检,使前列腺癌检出率大大提高,但许多患者在出现临床症状就诊时多已发生转移,失去治愈的机会,还有许多病人在原发性局限性病变行前列腺切除和(或)放射治疗后,又发生全身播散和复发。1941年Ｈｕｇｇｉｎｓ等采用去势手术治疗晚期前列腺癌,约70%～80%患者获暂时缓解。肿瘤缩小和癌细胞死亡是由于雄激素减少而使细胞凋亡所引起。50多年来,晚期前列腺癌的标准治疗已包括去雄激素…     

晚期前列腺癌联合雄激素阻断治疗的长期随访

目的:了解晚期前列腺癌联合雄激素阻断治疗的长期生存率。方法:选取1993年1月~2000年1月初采用联合雄激素阻断治疗的59例前列腺腺癌患者,其中28.81%和45.76%为临床局部晚期(T3-4 N0M0期)和转移(TxNxM+期)病例,全部随访5年以上。结果:全组病例3、5、7年的总体生存率分别是79.36%、61.46%、49.15%,其中,临床局部晚期和转移者的5年生存率分别为80.77%和32.65%,而高分化腺癌和低分化腺癌的5年生存率分别为86.21%和30%(P<0.01)。另外,PSA>30μg/L时其长期生存率有明显下降趋势。结论:采用内分泌治疗的晚期前列腺癌,病理低分化、临床分期达T3 c-4NxMx或TxNxM+期及PSA>30μg/L均提示预后较差,晚期前列腺癌病例的治疗应综合多因素,选择个体化方案。     

前列腺癌双极雄激素治疗的研究进展

双极雄激素治疗(bipolar androgen therapy,BAT)是去势抵抗性前列腺癌(castration resistant pros-tate cancer,CRPC)的新疗法,可显著降低部分患者血清前列腺癌特异性抗原(prostate specific antigen,PSA)水平、提高患者生活质量和恢...     

全雄激素阻断和全雄激素阻断结合^125I放射微粒植入治疗前列腺癌

目的：探讨全雄激素阻断和全雄激素阻断结合^125I放射微粒植入治疗前列腺癌的临床疗效。方法：收集我院近10年来中晚期前列腺癌病人44例，其中C期28例，D期16例。双侧睾丸切除 抗雄激素药物治疗(A组)35例，双侧睾丸切除 抗雄激素药物 ^125I放射微粒植入近距离放射治疗(B组)9例。比较治疗前后PSA的变化及生存率。结果：A组35例病人PSA平均值由60．3μg／L降至12．1μg／L。B组9例病人PSA平均值由72．1μg／L降至3．6μg／L。35例A组病人随访9～84(平均39．2)个月，排除非癌性死亡3例，因前列腺癌引起的死亡6例，生存率为81．3％(26／32)。B组9例病人随访7～24(平均13)个月，病人全部存活。结论：全雄激素阻断治疗及伞雄激素阻断治疗结合^125I放射微粒植入近距离放射治疗．是治疗中晚期前列腺癌的可供选择的有效方法。     

间歇性雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌效果观察

目的 评价间歇性雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌的可行性及优点.方法 选取晚期前列腺癌患者59例,随机分为2组.给予间歇性雄激素阻断治疗30例(A组),给予持续雄激素阻断治疗29例(B组),观察两组患者的疾病进展及治疗期间副反应的发生情况,比较两种方法的治疗效果.结果 A组患者平均随访26个月,B组患者平均随访27个月,两组患者疾病进展情况未见明显差异.A组患者副反应低于B组患者且能在治疗间歇期得到缓解.结论 间歇性雄激素阻断治疗方法可行,能够减少患者治疗的副反应,提高患者生活质量.     

Use of androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer: indications and prevalence

Androgens play a prominent role in the development, maintenance and progression of prostate cancer. The introduction of androgen deprivation therapies into the treatment paradigm for prostate cancer patients has resulted in a wide variety of benefits ranging from a survival advantage for those with clinically localized or locally advanced disease, to improvements in symptom control for patients with advanced disease. Controversies remain, however, surrounding the optimal timing, duration and schedule of these hormonal approaches. Newer hormonal manipulations such as abiraterone acetate have also been investigated and will broaden treatment options for men with prostate cancer. This review highlights the various androgen-directed treatment options available to men with prostate cancer, their specific indications and the evidence supporting each approach, as well as patterns of use of hormonal therapies.     

Use of androgen deprivation therapy for metastatic prostate cancer in older men

OBJECTIVE

To assess factors associated with early or delayed androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) among men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer, and to assess the relationship between ADT and overall survival, as there is uncertainty about the ideal timing for initiating ADT in men with metastatic prostate cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We studied a population‐based cohort of American men aged ≥66 years diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer during 1992–2002 and followed to 2003. We assessed the receipt of ADT early (≤4 months from diagnosis), delayed (>4 months), or not at all, using multinomial logistic regression to identify factors associated with treatment, and Cox proportional‐hazard models to assess whether treatment was associated with survival.

RESULTS

Overall, 69.5% of men received early ADT and 7.3% delayed. Adjusted rates of early ADT were lower for black than white men (58.3% vs 71.0%), and of delayed ADT were higher for black than white men (12.7% vs 6.2%). Receipt of ADT was associated with improved survival (adjusted hazard ratio 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.73). The benefit of early treatment did not differ from delayed treatment (P = 0.58).

CONCLUSIONS

A large minority of men with metastatic prostate cancer, particularly black men, receive delayed or no ADT. Early or delayed ADT was associated with similarly prolonged survival. After controlling for patient and tumour characteristics, survival did not differ by race, and receipt of ADT did not contribute to racial differences in survival.     

Intermittent androgen suppression in patients with prostate cancer

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate intermittent androgen suppression (IAS) in patients with prostate cancer and to try to define predictive factors for biochemical progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1989 to 2001, 146 patients received IAS as a primary treatment for localized, advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (72 men) or as a treatment for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) and/or radiation therapy (74 men). Androgen-deprivation treatment (ADT) was continued up to 6 months after PSA became undetectable or a nadir PSA level was reached. ADT was then re-instituted when the PSA level was> 4 ng/mL for patients who had RP or> 10 ng/mL for the others. RESULTS: After a mean (range) follow-up of 45.6 (12-196.9) months, 24 patients had biochemical progression. These patients were younger than those with no biochemical progression (67 vs 72 years, P = 0.004) and had a statistically higher Gleason score (7.21 vs 6.52, P = 0.01) and PSA level (111.1 vs 32.1 ng/mL, P = 0.05), and a shorter first phase without treatment (7.6 vs 11.2 months, P = 0.05). Overall 5-year metastatic disease free survival of 91.3%. The overall 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival was 68%. Using multivariate analysis, a Gleason score of >or= 8 (P = 0.021), first-phase duration with no treatment of < 1 year (P = 0.044), positive lymph nodes or metastatic disease at the time of starting IAS (P = 0.023) and age < 70 years (P = 0.037) were the strongest predictors of biochemical progression. CONCLUSION: IAS appeared to be a feasible treatment; the best candidates being those aged> 70 years with localized prostate cancer and a Gleason score of 相似文献   

Increased risk of a herpes zoster attack in patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer

This study aimed to examine the association of herpes zoster (HZ) with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) use among patients with prostate cancer (PC), using a population‐based data set. The study sample for this study was retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. We selected 877 patients with PC who had received ADT as the study group, while 849 patients with PC who had not received ADT served as the comparison group. Each study patient was individually tracked for a 3‐year period to discriminate those who subsequently received a diagnosis of HZ. Of the total 1,726 sampled patients, the incidence rate of HZ per 100 person‐years was 1.80 (95% CI: 1.41–2.25) during the 3‐year follow‐up period. In particular, incidence rates of HZ per 100 person‐years were 2.36 (95% CI: 1.75–3.13) and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.81–1.81), respectively, for patients with PC who had and those who had not received ADT. Furthermore, Cox proportional hazard regressions showed that the adjusted hazard ratio for an HZ attack during the 3‐year follow‐up period for patients with PC who had received ADT was 1.88 (95% CI: 1.13–3.11) than those who had not received ADT. We concluded that patients with PC who had received ADT had an increased risk of HZ.