脑肿瘤患者焦虑抑郁状况调查

目的 探讨脑肿瘤患者焦虑抑郁等心理健康状况,减少患者不良情绪,促进脑肿瘤患者身心健康发展。方法 于2014年6月-2015年8月对神经外科205例脑肿瘤患者进行匿名问卷调查,内容包括性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育背景等;采用压力知觉量表和医院焦虑抑郁量表对患者压力感受、焦虑抑郁状况进行调查。结果 脑肿瘤患者焦虑、抑郁得分分别为(6.86±4.07)、(5.62±3.81)分,明显高于内科门诊患者(国内常模)焦虑、抑郁得分[分别为(3.30±2.40)、(2.60±2.20)分];脑肿瘤患者焦虑、抑郁阳性率分别为39.51%、30.24%;Logistic回归分析结果显示,对于脑肿瘤患者焦虑和抑郁症状阳性者,压力感受的相对危险度分别为1.184(95%CI=1.102~1.273)和1.206(95%CI=1.113~1.306)。结论 脑肿瘤患者压力感受越大,出现患焦虑和抑郁症状的可能性越大,对于压力感受水平较高的患者应给予及时的健康指导,预防其焦虑抑郁症状的出现。     

冠状动脉介入术后患者情绪障碍调查研究

目的研究经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后患者焦虑、抑郁障碍的发生情况及其相关因素分析。方法选择2008年1月至2009年12月于北京安贞医院行PCI治疗的全部患者,采用17项汉密尔顿焦虑抑郁量表（HAMA,HAMD）于术后1 d内对其进行焦虑、抑郁障碍评分。HAMA≥14分定义为焦虑,HAMD≥17分定义为抑郁。结果 PCI术后入选的2 028例患者中,合并焦虑者为935例（46.10%）,合并抑郁者为732例（36.09%）,同时存在焦虑、抑郁者为482例（23.77%）。logistic多因素回归分析显示,女性、自费医疗是PCI术后发生焦虑的独立预测因素。而女性、既往合并抑郁病史、自费医疗是PCI术后发生抑郁的独立预测因素。结论 PCI术后有较高比例的患者存在焦虑和抑郁,因此有必要对PCI术后的患者进行干预治疗。     

Affective temperaments and lifetime major depression in female migraine patients

ABSTRACT

The relationship between affective temperaments and migraine is not well studied to date. It is also uncertain whether some affective temperaments may predispose the migraine patients to major depression (MD). We hypothesized that migraine patients had more affective temperament traits than HCs, and certain affective temperament traits in migraine patients are associated with lifetime MD. The sample included fifty-eight female migraine patients and age-matched 55 healthy women. The migraine was diagnosed according to the third edition of International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-III). Lifetime MD was determined by means of Structured Clinical Interview I for DSM-IV. Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) Questionnaire was applied to participants to determine the impact of migraine on daily life. Affective temperamental traits were assessed through Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Auto-questionnaire. All affective temperament traits (p < .0001) and the rate of MD (p = .002) were significantly higher in migraine patients compared to HCs. Non-depressive migraine patients (n = 36) had significantly more hyperthymic temperament traits compared to depressive patients (n = 22) (p = .04). Specifically, depressive temperament traits were significantly associated with higher lifetime MD in female migraine patients (B = 0.196, Exp(B) = 1.216, p = .01). Our findings suggest that affective temperaments may predispose some women to migraine, and depressive temperament may have a casual role in the development of lifetime depression in migraine patients.     

Anxiety sensitivity and depression in multiple chemical sensitivities and asthma

Patients with sensitivities to multiple chemicals report symptoms of cognitive dysfunction, respiratory distress, and mood disturbance. Lifetime and current psychiatric disorders, personality traits associated with symptom reporting, and tests of cognitive function were compared between 30 subjects with Multiple Chemical Sensitivities (MCS), 19 asthmatics, and 31 healthy controls. Relative to asthmatics and controls, more MCS subjects met criteria for current depression and somatization disorder. MCS subjects and asthmatics scored significantly higher than controls on scales of chemical odor intolerance and anxiety sensitivity, both of which were significant predictors of physical symptoms. Few differences on objective neuropsychological tests were noted. However, MCS subjects with comorbid depression performed significantly worse on a verbal memory test relative to asthmatics but not to controls. Anxiety and depression are significant contributors to the physical and cognitive symptoms of MCS subjects.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑和抑郁状况研究

目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑、抑郁现况,探索新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的护理干预模式。方法 选取解放军总医院第五医学中心2020年1月23日—2月10日收治的新型冠状病毒肺炎患者为研究对象。运用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）统计患者焦虑和抑郁得分情况。制定相应护理干预措施并评估疗效。结果 共收治40例新冠肺炎患者。10例（25.00%）患者出现焦虑,SAS平均得分（42.94±8.33）分。14例（35.00%）患者出现抑郁,SDS平均得分（46.41±13.37）分。患者焦虑与抑郁得分均高于常模,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。女性患者焦虑得分高于男性,差异有统计学意义（P=0.02）。不同年龄、文化程度组患者焦虑和抑郁得分比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。护理干预后,SAS量表平均得分（37.94±5.67）分,SDS量表平均得分（39.93±8.55）分,均较干预前降低,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑和抑郁高于普通人群,通过有效的护理干预可降低患者的焦虑和抑郁,长期的护理干预需要持续进行。     

孕早期焦虑和抑郁对妊娠期糖尿病的影响

目的探讨孕早期焦虑和抑郁对妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的影响。方法采用前瞻性研究,于2017年通过立意抽样方法选取四川省妇幼保健院产前门诊1426名孕8～14周单胎健康孕妇为研究对象,年龄为(28.6±4.0)岁。通过问卷调查收集其年龄、孕前体重、产次、孕次等基本信息,分别采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)与抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)收集孕早期焦虑和抑郁信息,根据中国常模标准评价其焦虑和抑郁症状;于孕24～28周行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT),根据《中国妊娠合并糖尿病诊治指南(2014)》诊断GDM。多因素非条件Logistic回归模型分析孕早期焦虑和抑郁对GDM的影响。结果孕早期焦虑组和抑郁组GDM发生率分别为41.8%和33.6%。孕早期妇女焦虑、抑郁、焦虑合并抑郁发生率分别为7.7%、10.5%和4.8%,<30岁组孕早期焦虑和抑郁发生率(9.0%和11.7%)均高于...     

北方陆军官兵焦虑、抑郁情绪及影响因素分析

目的研究非战时、非演习、常态环境中北方陆军官兵的焦虑和抑郁情绪及其影响因素,为军队心理危机干预工作提供依据。方法应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对我国北方2支陆军部队775名官兵进行心理测试。结果(1)受测军人焦虑情绪发生率为26.1%,抑郁情绪发生率为60.0%。焦虑标准分为44.5±8.4,抑郁标准分为51.6±9.6,均超过中国常模。(2)已婚、单亲家庭和患身心疾病等因素对于焦虑情绪的产生差异有统计学意义,与家人通讯方便、有业余爱好和人际关系良好对于抑郁情绪的产生为保护性因素,患身心疾病与焦虑和抑郁情绪存在显著关联。结论官兵较高的焦虑和抑郁情绪状态应引起足够重视,应采取有针对措施加以改善,改变官兵的某些不良认知,提高心理健康水平。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑和抑郁状况研究

目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑、抑郁现况,探索新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的护理干预模式。方法 选取解放军总医院第五医学中心2020年1月23日—2月10日收治的新型冠状病毒肺炎患者为研究对象。运用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）统计患者焦虑和抑郁得分情况。制定相应护理干预措施并评估疗效。结果 共收治40例新冠肺炎患者。10例（25.00%）患者出现焦虑,SAS平均得分（42.94±8.33）分。14例（35.00%）患者出现抑郁,SDS平均得分（46.41±13.37）分。患者焦虑与抑郁得分均高于常模,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。女性患者焦虑得分高于男性,差异有统计学意义（P=0.02）。不同年龄、文化程度组患者焦虑和抑郁得分比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。护理干预后,SAS量表平均得分（37.94±5.67）分,SDS量表平均得分（39.93±8.55）分,均较干预前降低,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑和抑郁高于普通人群,通过有效的护理干预可降低患者的焦虑和抑郁,长期的护理干预需要持续进行。     

Anxiety and depression predict musculoskeletal disorders in health care workers

Incidence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is high among health care workers (HCWs). To determine whether MSDs are associated with preexisting anxiety and/or depression, a case-control study was carried out in female HCWs (56 cases/55 controls). Cases were HCWs with a first-time clinical diagnosis of MSD within the previous 2 years. Occupation, workplace, work shift, direct patient assistance, and anxiety/depression scores (Goldberg scale) were assessed. Increased risk of incident MSDs (multivariate logistic regression) was found in workers with preexisting anxiety/depression compared to those without (OR 5.01; 95% CI 2.20–12.05; p < .01). Other significant risk factors were direct patient assistance (OR 2.59; 95% CI 1.03–6.92; p = .04) and morning work shift (OR 2.47; 95% CI 0.99–6.48; p = .05). Preexisting anxiety/depression was associated with incident MSDs in HCWs, adjusting for occupational exposure risk factors.     

中学生和大学生痤疮患者焦虑与抑郁状况

目的了解青年学生痤疮患者的焦虑与抑郁情况,为青年学生痤疮患者的综合系统治疗和提高生活质量提供参考。方法以到上海市某三甲医院皮肤病专科医院痤疮科、治疗科门诊就诊的244名中学生和大学生痤疮患者为研究对象(痤疮组),同时在该地区便利选取未患痤疮的学生群体(对照组) 297名,用倾向评分匹配法对方便抽样获得的两组被试进行匹配(各157名),采用Zung抑郁自评测量表(Self-rating Depressing Scale,SDS)、焦虑自评测量表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)进行问卷调查,比较不同性别、不同发病程度痤疮患者与对照组的SDS、SAS得分。结果痤疮组抑郁症状阳性检出率为59.20%,焦虑症状检出率为69.40%,合并焦虑及抑郁症状者为52.90%;对照组抑郁症状检出率为32.50%,焦虑症状检出率为25.50%,合并焦虑及抑郁症状者为20.40%,差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为22.63,60.81,35.69,P值均<0.01)。痤疮组的SDS和SAS得分均高于对照组(Z值分别为5.95,9.16,P值均<0...     

冠心病患者焦虑抑郁情绪及影响因素分析

目的 调查分析住院冠心病患者焦虑与抑郁患病情况及其相关的影响因素。方法 收集山东大学齐鲁医院心内科确诊的冠心病患者102例,应用特质应对方式量表、社会支持评定量表、艾森克人格问卷、焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表进行测评并对结果进行分析。结果 102例患者中焦虑患者49例,占48.04%;其中男性25例,占51.02%;女性24例,占48.98%;抑郁患者53例,占有51.96%;其中男性28例,占52.83%;女性25例,占47.17%;102例患者中同时存在焦虑与抑郁患者46例,占45.10%;其中男性23例,占50%;女性23例,占50%;男女焦虑及抑郁患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),女性高于男性;积极应对及教育与焦虑和抑郁负相关,神经质及精神质与焦虑和抑郁正相关,同时体质指数(BM I)与抑郁呈负相关。结论 冠心病患者普遍存在焦虑和抑郁情绪,应对其进行必要的心理干预。     

Anxiety and depression analyses of patients undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy

Purpose

To prospectively assess anxiety and depression in patients undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy.

Methods

Patients presenting for outpatient diagnostic cystoscopy were recruited from four European urological departments. Anxiety and depression were assessed with the ‘Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale’ (HADS) before cystoscopy and after 1 week. Statistical analyses, including the Chi-square test, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses, were carried out with SPSS v. 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).

Results

Prior to cystoscopy, 30.2 % of patients were anxious and 24.8 % depressive (n = 442). In the post-examination period, anxiety declined to 24.5 %, while depression was unchanged (24.4 %). Pre-cystoscopy anxiety was significantly more common in women (41.8 vs. 24.5 %, p < 0.0001), patients aged <65 years (34.9 vs. 25.9 %, p = 0.04), and in those being examined with rigid cystoscopes (35.7 vs. 23.9 %, p = 0.007). In multivariate regression analyses, female gender (OR 2.6, p < 0.0001), <65 years of age (OR 1.7, p = 0.03), and coexistence of depression (OR 7.8, p < 0.0001) were independently associated with elevated pre-cystoscopy anxiety. Anxious (OR 2.1, p = 0.03) and depressive (OR 2.1, p = 0.01) patients had higher odds of experiencing moderate or severe pain during cystoscopy. Bladder cancer diagnosis did not significantly change patient’s anxiety (p = 0.23) or depression (p = 0.7) during the 1 week of follow-up.

Conclusions

Women, patients aged <65 years, depressive patients and those being examined with rigid devices had higher rates of anxiety prior to cystoscopy. Anxious and depressive patients experienced more pain during cystoscopy. Bladder cancer diagnosis seems to have a minor effect on anxiety and depression during the first week after diagnosis.

     

Anxiety and depression in the first year of medical residency training

OBJECTIVE: To perform a screening, follow-up and comparative evaluation of depression and anxiety symptoms in a group of 59 first-year internal medicine residents of a teaching hospital and evaluate the influence of their rotation, nature of rotation, subgroup, sex and the time of year on these symptoms. METHODS: We used the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), applied seven times, in the last week of every rotation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We obtained two identical averages (P=0.98) of trait-anxiety, six months apart one from the other. There was a significant correlation (R=0.65, P < 0.001) between the indexes of state-anxiety and depression. Women had higher levels of symptoms of both anxiety and depression (P < 0.001) compared to men. A cluster of three subgroups of residents with higher trait-anxiety levels (P=0.001) also showed significantly higher levels of symptoms of state-anxiety and depression (P < 0.001). The time of the year and the nature of the rotation (emergency or not) did not interfere with the levels of depression (P=0.47). We detected rotations where there was greater frequency of residents with symptoms compatible with moderate and severe depression. There were 2.1% of residents with symptoms compatible with severe, 4.2% with moderate and 27% with mild depression. It was possible to graduate symptoms of anxiety and depression in residents, evaluate factors involved in their genesis and locate residents with moderate and severe depression.     

初产妇与经产妇焦虑抑郁状态分析及干预

目的：分析初产妇、经产妇心理状态特点,以便采取更有效的干预措施。方法筛选2014年6月至2015年1月在咸阳市旬邑县妇幼保健院产科门诊产前检查的健康初产和经产妇各60名,孕周为28~40周。入组时用焦虑自评量表( SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对两组孕妇进行心理评定,并给1次支持性心理干预(40~60分钟),1周后再次用SAS、SDS对两组孕妇进行评定分析。结果经产妇干预前SAS(50.73±3.45)、SDS(49.13±3.86)评分明显高于初产妇SAS(42.45±2.08)、SDS(41.77±2.21),差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-15.921、-12.817,均P<0.01);干预后两组SAS、SDS评分均比干预前明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为14.999、15.413;15.724、15.832,均P<0.01);干预后经产妇 SAS(38.61±5.02)、SDS(39.10±3.03)评分明显高于初产妇SAS(34.88±3.31)、SDS(32.01±4.27),差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-4.805、-10.489,均P<0.01)。结论初产妇和经产妇均伴有焦虑、抑郁情绪,干预前后经产妇抑郁、焦虑情绪均较初产妇明显,支持性心理干预能有效改善孕妇的不良情绪。     

放疗期间宫颈癌患者疾病不确定感与焦虑抑郁的相关性研究

目的：描述放疗期间宫颈癌患者疾病不确定感水平及焦虑抑郁状况;探讨疾病不确定感与焦虑、抑郁之间的关系。方法应用医院焦虑抑郁量表（ HADS）、疾病不确定感量表（ MUIS）对68例放疗期宫颈癌患者进行调查。结果放疗期间宫颈癌患者疾病不确定感总得分为（93．06[通讯作者]朱丽萍,教授／主任医师。7．91）;焦虑得分为（6．90[通讯作者]朱丽萍,教授／主任医师。3．50）分,抑郁得分为（6．26[通讯作者]朱丽萍,教授／主任医师。4．06）分;焦虑（HADS-A≥8）27人（39．7％）,抑郁（HADS-A≥8）24人（35．3％）,焦虑合并抑郁18人（26．47％）;疾病不确定感总分、不明确性与焦虑呈正相关（r＝0．374,P＝0．002;r＝0．526,P＝0．000）;疾病不确定感总分、不明确性、信息缺乏性与抑郁呈正相关（ r＝0．381,P＝0．001;r＝0．397,P＝0．001;r＝0．318,P＝0．009）;不可预测与焦虑、抑郁均呈负相关（r＝-0．355,P＝0．003;r＝-0．272,P＝0．026）。结论放疗期宫颈癌患者疾病不确定感与焦虑抑郁密切相关,医护人员应关注并了解患者的疾病不确定感,通过针对性地提供相关信息,降低患者的疾病不确定感,以降低患者的焦虑抑郁水平。     

Anxiety and psychoactive substance use disorder comorbidity in anorexia nervosa or depression

OBJECTIVE: This study considered whether the prevalence and type of anxiety and psychoactive substance use disorder (PSUD) diagnoses differ between women with spectrum anorexia nervosa (AN) (N=40) and women with major depressive disorder (N = 58) participating in outpatient clinical trials. METHOD: Anxiety and PSUD diagnoses (according to criteria in the 3rd Rev. ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) were assessed using structured clinical interviews. Comparisons were made between AN subtypes (restricting or binge eating/purging) and by history of depression within the AN sample. RESULTS: A high prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was found in women with AN. However, social phobia, simple phobia, and PSUD were significantly elevated in both women with depression and women with AN. Prevalences were similar for anxiety and PSUD diagnoses between AN subtypes. DISCUSSION: Women with anorexia or depression were comparable in all respects, except for the elevated OCD prevalence in AN, emphasizing the need to use clinical comparison groups to avoid inadvertently attributing elevated prevalences of comorbid conditions to specific disorders.