安替可胶囊抗肿瘤作用及对晚期消化道肿瘤的近期疗效

目的观察安替可胶囊（ａｎｔｉｋｅ）对荷人癌裸鼠的抑瘤作用及其治疗晚期消化道肿瘤的疗效．方法采用ＭＴＴ和人癌细胞克隆形成以及裸鼠荷瘤技术;临床上晚期消化系癌５３２例,其中Ⅱ期１１１例,占２０９％;Ⅲ期２２２例,占４１７％;Ⅳ期１９９例,占３７４％;均经病理证实,全部病例采用数表法随机分组．结果人癌细胞对ａｎｔｉｋｅ的敏感性顺序依次是：Ｍｇｃ８０３≥Ｅｃａ１０９＞ＳＭＭＣ７７２１;Ａｎｔｉｋｅ５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ对Ｍｇｃ８０３,Ｅｃａ１０９和ＳＭＭＣ７７２１人癌细胞裸鼠的瘤重抑制率分别为４７２％,４７２％和４５４％;Ａｎｔｉｋｅ治疗晚期食管癌、肝癌和肠癌２５８例,总缓解率（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ）为７４％,并能显著止痛,改善生存质量和提高免疫功能;放疗＋ａｎｔｉｋｅ治疗晚期食管癌１００例,总缓解率为７２０％,比单纯放疗组（３４４％）提高了３７６％（Ｐ＜００１）,同时,能显著改善吞咽困难,明显增加体重,保护血象和降低ＣＥＡ．结论Ｍｇｃ８０３,Ｅｃａ１０９和ＳＭＭＣ７７２１对ａｎｔｉｋｅ较敏感,并且ａｎｔｉｋｅ对其裸鼠移植瘤具有明显抑制作用;Ａｎｔｉｋｅ对食管癌、胃癌、肝癌有较好疗效,同时具有显著放疗增敏作用     

中量醛氢叶酸和5－FU联合治疗胃肠道肿瘤

目的探讨生化调制剂醛氢叶酸（ＣＦ）和氟脲嘧啶联合应用治疗胃肠道肿瘤的效果。方法采用ＣＦ＋５＿ＦＵ＋ＤＤＰ或／和ＭＭＣ联合方案。ＣＦ用中剂量２００－３００ｍｇ／（ｍ２·ｄ）静脉滴注，２ｈ后接着用５－ＦＵ３７５ｍｇ／（ｍ２·ｄ）静脉滴注ＤＤＰ２０ｍｇ／（ｍ２·ｄ）静脉推注，以上药物连用５ｄ，ＭＭＣ６－８ｍｇ于化疗第１天静脉推注。结果３２例可评价的胃癌有效率（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ）为６２５％，治疗有效病例，治疗后生存３－１４个月，仍在继续观察中。３６例可评价的结直肠癌有效率为４１７％，有效病例中位生存期１３个月，无效病例８个月。毒副反应以骨髓抑制和消化道反应为主。结论本方案对晚期胃肠道肿瘤是一种疗效比较好的化疗方案，毒副反应可以忍受，值得推广。     

肺癌的诊断与治疗进展

肺癌的发病率与死亡率呈上升趋势。目前，肺癌的早期诊断较为困难，尚无高特异性肿瘤标志物。常用的诊断方法是在综合分析临床资料基础上，选择痰脱落细胞检查，胸部影像学查，纤维支气管镜检和经皮肺穿刺活检。包括手术，化疗，放疗和生物治疗的综合治疗已得到临床医师普遍赞同。对Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌提倡新辅助化疗。     

Application of laser scatering spectrumin diagnosis and treatment of gastric and duodenal malignant tumors

ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｌａｓｅｒｓｃａｔｅｒｉｎｇｓｐｅｃｔｒｕｍｉｎｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓａｎｄｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｇａｓｔｒｉｃａｎｄｄｕｏｄｅｎａｌｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｔｕｍｏｒｓＬＩＵＺｈｉＧｕａｎｇ１，ＷＡＮＧＪｉｎｇＹｉｎ２，ＷＡＮ...     

进展期食管贲门胃底癌内镜下三联治疗

目的研究失去手术、放疗、全身化疗机会的进展期食管＿贲门＿胃底癌内镜下三联疗法的疗效。方法采用激光光动力学加微波局部注射化疗药物的内镜下三联治疗法，共治疗１９例患者，并根据患者食管梗阻程度、内镜下肿瘤类型、病变范围，对进展期食管贲门胃底癌采用不同方法进行治疗。结果获得显著疗效者１４例，有效者５例。结论内镜下三联治疗法，是一种安全、有效治疗进展期食管＿贲门＿胃底癌的方法     

Influence of L-methionine-deprived total parenteral nutrition with 5-fluorouracil on gastric cancer and host metabolism

AIM To investigate the influence of L-methionine-deprived total parenteral nutrition with 5-FU on gastriccancer and host metabolism.METHODS N-methyI-N'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG)induced gastric cancer rats were randomly divided intofour groups:Met-containing TPN group(n=11),Met-deprived TPN group(n=12),Met-containing TPN 5-FUgroup(n=11)and Met-deprived TPN 5-FU group(n=12).Five rats in each group were sacrificed after 7days of treatment and the samples were taken forexamination.The remaining rats in each group were thenfed separately with normal diet after the treatment untildeath,the life span was noted.RESULTS The tumors were enlarged in Met-containinggroup and shrank in Met-deprived group markedly after thetreatment.The DNA index(DI)of tumor cells and the bodyweight(BW)of rats had no significant change in the twogroups,however,the ratio of tumor cells S phase wasincreased.The ratio of G2M phase went up in Met-containing group,but down in Met-deprived group.In theother two groups that 5-FU was added,the BW of rats,and the diameter of tumors,the DI of tumor cells,the Sand G2M phase ratio of tumor cells were all decreased,particularly in Met-deprived plus 5-FU group.Pathologicalexamination revealed that the necrotic foci of the tumortissue increased after Met-deprived TPN treatment,andthe nucleoli of tumor cells enlarged.In-MetTPN 5-FUgroup,severe nuclear damage was also found bykaryopyknosis and karyorrhexis,meanwhile there wasslight degeneration in some liver and kidney cells.Theserum free Met and Cysteine decreased markedly(P<0.001),while other amino acids,such as serum freeserine and glutamine increased significantly(P<0.005).All the rats died of multiple organ failure caused by cancermetastasis.The average survival time was 18.6 days inMet-containing TPN group,31 days in Met-deprived TPNgroup,27.5 days in Met-containing TPN 5-FU group,and43 days in Met-deprived TPN 5-FU group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Met-deprived TPN causes methioninestarvation of tumor cells,and can enhance the anti-tumoreffect of 5-FU and prolong the life span of gastric cancer-bearing rats.     

Some recent works on diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer

ＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＵＳＥＳＯＦＭＯＮＯＣＬＯＮＡＬＡＮＴＩＢＯＤＩＥＳＢｙｍｅａｎｓｏｆｃｅｌｆｕｓｉｏｎｔｅｃｈｎｉｃｗｅｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄｓｅｖｅｒａｌｈｙｂｒｉｄｏｍａｃｅｌｌｉｎｅｓｃａｐａｂｌｅｏｆｐｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇａｎｔ...     

Radiotherapy of 180 cases of operable esophageal carcinoma

Ｒａｄｉｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙｏｆ１８０ｃａｓｅｓｏｆｏｐｅｒａｂｌｅｅｓｏｐｈａｇｅａｌｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａＣＨＥＮＤｏｎｇＦｕ,ＹＡＮＧＺｏｎｇＹｉａｎｄＹＩＮＷｅｉＢｏＳｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓｅｓｏｐｈａｇｅａｌｎｅｏｐｌａｓｍｓ／Ｒａｄｉ...     

Source of blood supply and embolization treatment in cavernous hemangioma and sclerosis of the liver

AIM: To investigate the source of the blood supply in carvenous hemangioma of liver (CHL), and provide a feasible treatment for CHL via thehepatic artery.METHODS: (1) Portovenography, hepatic arteriography and portal vein staining were performed in 5 patients to determine the origin of the blood supply. Two casts of hepatic blood vessels from resected specimens were observed. (2) Clinical data from 75 patients (30 males, 45 females, aged 25-57 years, mean of 37.4) were obtained. Of these, 56 were of solitary type (44 on the right lobe, 12 on the left, with 4 having intraparenchyma), and 19 were of multiple type (9 on the right, 2 the left, 8 whole liver). Twenty-two patients were treated with sclerosis, 50 by embolization via hepatic artery, and 3 were excised.RESULTS: In the 5 cases where portography was used, the contrast medium did not enter the tumor, and the tumor appeared as low density area, with the intrahepatic branches of the portal vein pushed aside. In the 5 cases with where portal vein staining was used, the normal liver parenchyma stained a deep blue; however, the tumor was not stained. The tumor area appeared as a round vacant cavity in the 2 specimen casts. For the 72 patients treated with sclerosis or embolization via hepatic artery or through interventional method, the tumors diminished by 10%-30% in diameter, and no tumors grew larger.CONCLUSION: The blood supply of CHL originates from the hepatic artery. Tumors treated with sclerosis and embolization decreased in size or got fibrotic.     

肝癌术后门脉化疗并高压氧愚者血清T-SOD及Mn-SOD活性的变化

目的研究肝细胞性肝癌（HCC）切除后经门脉化疗辅以高压氧（HBO）治疗，观察血清T-SOD及Mn－SOD活性的变化．方法HCC患者12例，在通常状态下（非HBO组）和15例在0．25MP（2．5ATA，1h／d×6）HBO状态下（HFO组），采用FMC（5－FU500mg，MMC8mg，卡铂200mg，d1，d4）方案，经门静脉化疗，并在化疗前及化疗后1wk，抽取外周静脉血以黄嘌呤氧化酶法，测定血清T－SOD及Mn－SOD活性含量结果HBO组化疗前后血清中T-SOD及Mn-SOD活性变化比较，无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；非HBO组化疗前后血清T-SOD及Mn-SOD活性变化明显（kNU／L，121±37vs52±5，P＜0．01，t＝5．73，vs非HBO组；kNU／L，30±3vs23±2，P＜0．01，t＝8．66，vs非HBO组），结论在0．25MPa压力下吸纯氧配合经门静脉化疗可减少组织损伤，使氧自由基生成减少     

Clinical research advances in primary liver cancer

Ｐｒｉｍａｒｙｌｉｖｅｒｃａｎｃｅｒ（ＰＬＣ）ｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｃｏｍｍｏｎｃａｎｃｅｒｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａ．Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｏｕｒｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ,ｐｒｉｍａｒｙｌｉｖｅｒｃａｎｃｅｒｃｌａｉｍｓ２０４０ｌ...     

Pancreatic tumor: DSA diagnosis and treatment

Ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃｔｕｍｏｒ：ＤＳＡｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓａｎｄｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔＸＵＨｏｎｇＢｉｎｇ１,ＺＨＡＮＧＹｉＪｕｎ２,ＷＥＩＷｅｎＪｉａｎｇ３,ＬＩＷｅｉＭｉｎ１ａｎｄＴＵＸｉａｎｇＱｕｎ１Ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓｐａｎｃ...     

5-氟脲嘧啶腹腔化疗预防裸鼠人结肠癌细胞肝转移研究

目的探索预防大肠癌根治术后肝转移局部区域性辅助化疗新途径.方法利用裸鼠人结肠癌细胞肝转移模型观察术后早期大剂量大容积5-氟脲嘧啶腹腔化疗预防裸鼠经睥接种的人结肠癌细胞肝转移的疗效.结果术后早期5-氟脲嘧啶40 mg/生理盐水40 ml/kg,1次/d,连续2 d 的腹腔化疗可使裸鼠肝转移发生率降低40%,平均每只裸鼠肝转移瘤数目减少50.89%,平均每只裸鼠生存时间延长48.21%.结论腹腔化疗是一个预防大肠癌根治术后肝转移有效的辅助化疗新途径.     

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and embolization in the treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma

ＨｅｐａｔｉｃａｒｔｅｒｉａｌｉｎｆｕｓｉｏｎｃｈｅｍｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙａｎｄｅｍｂｏｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｐｒｉｍａｒｙｈｅｐａｔｉｃｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａＺＨＥＮＧＣｈｕａｎＳｈｅｎｇ，ＦＥＮＧＧａｎＳｈｅｎｇ，ＺＨＯ...     

Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: current status of the Austrian-Czech-German gastric cancer prevention trial (PRISMA-Study)

AIM To test the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori eradication alone can reduce the incidence of gastric cancer in a subgroup of individuals with an increased risk for this fatal disease.METHODS It is a prospective, randomized,double-blind, placebo-controlled multinational multicenter trial. Men between 55 and 65 years of age with a gastric cancer phenotype of Helicobacterpylori gastritis are randomized to receive a 7-day course of omeprazole 2 × 20 mg,clarithromycin 2 × 500 mg, and amoxicillin 2 ×lg for 7 days, or omeprazole2 × 20mg plusplacebo. Follow - up endoscopy is scheduled 3months after therapy, and thereafter in one-year intervals. Predefined study endpoints are gastric cancer, precancerous lesions (dysplasia, adenoma), other cancers, anddeath.RESULTS Since March 1998, 1524 target patients have been screened, 279 patients (18.3%) had a corpus-dominant type of H.pylori gastritis, and 167 of those were randomized (58.8%). In the active treatment group (n -- 86), H. pylori infection infection was cured in 88.9% of patients. Currently, thecumulative follow-up time is 3046 months (253.8patient-years, median follow-up 16 months). So far, none of the patients developed gastric cancer or any precancerous lesion. Three(1.8%) patients reached study endpoints other than gastric cancer.CONCLUSION Among men between 55 and 65years of age, the gastric cancer phenotype of H.pylori gastritis appears to be more common than expected. Further follow- up and continuing recruitment are necessary to fulfil the main aim of the study.     

Prevention of liver metastasis by intraperitoneal 5-FU chemotherapy in nude mice inoculated with human colon cancer cells

AIM: To prevent hepatic metastasis by regional adjuvant chemotherapy after radical surgery for colon cancer. METHODS: A nude mouse model of human colon cancer (HCC) was used to evaluate the prevention of metastasis of HCC cells following the application of early postoperative intraperitoneal (IP) high-dose 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. RESULTS: The incidence of liver metastasis was decreased by 40%, and the mean number of metastatic liver nodules was reduced by 50.89%. Compared with controls, 5-FU 40 mg in NS 40 mL/kg IP for 2 consecutive days prolonged mean survival by 48.21%. CONCLUSION: IP is a promising and effective novel regional adjuvant chemotherapy for the prevention of liver metastasis of HCC cells after radical surgery for colon cancer.     

肝癌动脉化疗栓塞效果的病理评价

目的研究肝细胞癌经动脉化疗栓塞治疗后癌肿的变化，探索提高疗效的方法。方法对动脉化疗栓塞治疗后行手术的３９例肝癌和１１例对照标本进行坏死程度与包膜、治疗次数、病理类型、分化、血管损伤及淋巴细胞浸润诸因素相关性的分析。结果完全坏死者６例，３０％＿９５％坏死者１４例，仅５％坏死及无坏死者１９例，１１例ＤＳＡ无坏死。癌肿坏死程度与肿癌分化、治疗次数、淋巴细胞浸润无关，而与病理类型、包膜、血管损伤有关。结论肝癌动脉化疗栓塞是中晚期肝癌目前唯一可取的治疗方法。对于有包膜的肝细胞癌，只要治疗能达到癌肿部位，即使一次治疗，也可收到明显的效果。对于如何使每例都达到彻底的癌肿坏死是值得进一步探讨的。