兰州地区鼠疫自然疫源性调查初报

本文报告了甘肃省兰州地区鼠疫自然疫源性初步调查结果，该地区与查明的大祝喜马拉雅旱獭疫源地和会宁，平川阿拉善黄鼠源地接着，其自然地理景观，啮齿动物种群构成与分布特征，媒介蚤类组成等与黄鼠疫源地基本相同。主要宿主动物为阿拉善黄鼠，主要媒介为方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种和阿盖新蚤。未检出鼠疫菌和ＩＨＡ阳性血清，但ＰＩＲ检出１：１０以上滴度血清５份，其中１份为１：６４０。对调查结果的综合分析表明，兰州地区存在鼠疫自     

固原县鼠疫疫源地调查分析

固原县鼠疫疫源地位于甘宁阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫自然疫源地东部边缘地带，东经１０６°００'～１０６°０２'，北纬３６°２１'～３６°２３'之间，海拔１６００～１９００m，年平均气温１６．０６℃，相对湿度６７．８％，干燥度为２．２０～２．２７，属黄土高原山地丘陵景观。啮齿动物有２目６科１５种，以阿拉善黄鼠为优势种，寄生蚤５科１４属２０种，以方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种为优势种。１９７７年在自毙黄鼠体内检出６株鼠疫菌，２００２年在阿拉善黄鼠体内监测到４份FI抗体阳性血清，滴度最高为１∶６４０，疫源地所辖２个乡（镇）、４个行政…     

新疆乌苏市巴音沟鼠疫监测报告

乌苏市南山巴音沟１９７８年被判定为鼠疫疫源地。１９８９年又确定了其后山亚马特鼠疫疫源地。疫源面积约２万化顷。１９７８－１９９８年共分离出鼠疫苗１５株；旱獭４株，长尾黄鼠１０株，蚤１株；检菌率分别为０．０６％，３．０１％和０．２８％。检出动物阳性血清旱獭３９份，长尾黄鼠４３份，牧犬３９份，阳性率分别为１．１６％，２０．９８５和４．９２％；血清阳性点集中在安集河以东地区，河西示查出阳性血清。     

阿拉善黄鼠体外寄生蚤指数抽取样本量的探讨

为科学、准确地抽取能代表实际黄鼠体蚤指数的最小鼠体样本数。我们于１９９７年４～８月进行了探讨，结果如下。１ 抽样方法 将捕获的活体黄鼠、单匹装袋、带回动昆室，以月为单位，逐日按１０％、２０％……１００％比例随机抽检，抽取的黄鼠乙醚麻醉后梳蚤，以１０％、２０％……１００％的１０组比例分层计算蚤指数进行比较，并每月抽检活体黄鼠不少于１００只。２ 抽样结果 ４～８月共抽检黄鼠５００只，其中染蚤鼠２６２只，染蚤率为５２．４％，获蚤４种１３５６匹，平均蚤指数为２．７１，见表 １。 经逐组与１００％组μ检验分别为…     

长岭县新安镇鼠疫阳性材料调查结果

长岭县卫生防疫站于2004年7月23日收到新安镇防保站送交的29份达乌尔黄鼠(简称黄鼠)血清，初筛发现有9份阳性血清，滴度为1：402份，1：3201份。     

新疆乌苏市古尔图山地1998年鼠疫监测报告

１９９８年对乌苏市古尔图山地的苦都克，芒代，沙斯台，哈尔哈特，沙尔萨拉，察岗果勒，布半布拉克进行了全面鼠疫监测，监测面积２５０ｋｍ＾２，时间为５月２７－８月３０日，采集灰旱獭标本３５０份，未分离鼠疫菌，也未检出Ｆ１抗体；采集狗血清２４份，采血率约８０％，Ｆ１抗体阳性检出率１２．５％；检则长尾黄鼠血清４８５份，Ｆ１抗体阳性检出率３．９％；小鼠出洞前后的长尾黄鼠密度分别为３．４只／ｈｍ＾２和５．１只／     

甘肃黄鼠疫源地鼠疫宿主动物致病性耶尔森菌调查分析

目的 了解甘肃阿拉善黄鼠疫源地内鼠疫宿主动物致病性耶尔森菌感染状况,为探索该疫源地鼠疫流行状态提供依据。方法 2016-2018年现场采集阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫疫源地会宁县、平川区鼠疫宿主动物阿拉善黄鼠及花鼠、大仓鼠、沙土鼠、子午沙鼠、中华鼢鼠、小灰鼠、达乌尔鼠兔、小家鼠、灰仓鼠的回盲部及内容物、舌根部、血清标本,分别进行耶尔森菌分离及鼠疫F1抗体的检测。结果 会宁县共采集阿拉善黄鼠及花鼠、大仓鼠、沙土鼠、子午沙鼠、中华鼢鼠舌根部标本274份,未检出耶尔森菌,回盲部及内容物标本275份,检出1株非致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌,其毒力型别为(ail- ystA- ystB+ yadA- virF- rfbc-),检菌率为0.18%;平川区共采集阿拉善黄鼠及沙土鼠、子午沙鼠、中华鼢鼠、小灰鼠、达乌尔鼠兔、小家鼠、灰仓鼠舌根部标本213份,回盲部及内容物标本219份均未检出耶尔森菌。阿拉善黄鼠血清312份,鼠疫F1抗体结果均为阴性。结论 甘肃黄鼠疫源地鼠类肠道内可能存在耶尔森菌群,检出的小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的地点与阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫菌的地点一致。     

哈尔滨鼠疫自然疫源地调查分析

哈尔滨是黑龙江省省会。所辖７个区、１２个县（市）。总面积５．３万ｋｍ２，人口９６０万。２０００年在疫区及其周边地区开展了系统的动物鼠疫流行病学监测。监测面积 ２０ ０００ｈｍ２。调查单公项样方１００个（黄鼠出蛰及分居期各５０个）。捕获黄鼠４８只，平均黄鼠密度为０．４８只／ｈｍ２。采用５米夹线法按不同生境布夹，用白面油饼做诱饵，共调查 １５００夹次，捕获野外夜行鼠９１只。其中褐家鼠３３只、黑线姬鼠２８只、小家鼠１８只、大仓鼠１２只。 ２０００年共梳检活体黄鼠７３３只，带蚤黄鼠１１１只，染蚤率为１５．１…     

宁夏固原县2000年鼠疫监测报告

２０００年宁夏回族自治区盐池县沙土鼠鼠疫疫源地发生鼠间鼠疫流行，同属阿拉善黄鼠（简称黄鼠）疫源地的固原县、西吉县、海源县鼠疫Ｆ１抗体的检出，说明我区动物间鼠疫已由静息转入流行。为此，我们于２０００年在固原县进行了鼠疫监测。１监测方法及结果１．１宿主监测： ２０００年共捕获鼠类 ４科７种２４０３只，常见的４种，其中黄鼠 ２ ２２８只，占 ９２．７２％；子午沙土鼠 ５２只，占２．１６％；小家鼠５０只，占２．０８％０黑线仓鼠４７只，占１．９６％；其它三种仅占１．０８％．黄鼠为该疫区的优势种．按不同生境、海拔…     

望江县小学生肠道蠕虫感染情况抽样调查

我们于１９９７年９月，选择具有代表性的４所小学进行肠道蠕虫感染情况调查，结果报告如下：１对象县城一所小学（阳镇小学），乡村三所小学（吉水、城东、西镇小学）。２方法应检者送新鲜粪便２０ｇ，采用改良加藤氏法（１份标本，３张涂片）、透明胶纸法。３结果４所小...     

Research and Evaluation of the Influence of the Construction of the Gate and the Influence of the Piston Velocity on the Distribution of Gases into the Volume of the Casting

Distribution of gasses to the cast volume and volume of pores can be maintained within the acceptable limits by means of correct setting of technological parameters of casting and by selection of suitable structure and gating system arrangement. The main idea of this paper solves the issue of suitability of die casting adjustment—i.e., change of technological parameters or change of structural solution of the gating system—with regards to inner soundness of casts produced in die casting process. Parameters which were compared included height of a gate and velocity of a piston. The melt velocity in the gate was used as a correlating factor between the gate height and piston velocity. The evaluated parameter was gas entrapment in the cast at the end of the filling phase of die casting cycle and at the same time percentage of porosity in the samples taken from the main runner. On the basis of the performed experiments it was proved that the change of technological parameters, particularly of pressing velocity of the piston, directly influences distribution of gasses to the cast volume.     

Weighing the QT Intervals with the Slope or the Amplitude of the T Wave

Objective: The reproducibility of QT interval measurements is low, even for the mean QT interval based on the standard ECG. In this study we analyzed whether the reproducibility of the mean weighed QT interval was better than the simple mean QT interval. The weighing was based on the amplitude of the T wave or the slope of the steepest tangent on the terminal part of the T wave. Material and methods: 12‐lead ECGs of 130 postmyocardial infarction patients were obtained. The QT intervals were measured by the tangent‐method on two occasions by the same observer Mismatch QT intervals were defined as QT intervals that were measured at only one occasion. Sixteen ECGs were rejected. The data were split into 34 and 80 ECGs for optimization and validation of the weighing, respectively. The weighed QT dispersion was calculated as the weighed mean of the three longest minus the weighed mean of the three shortest QT intervals. Results: Weighing with the slope increased the reproducibility by 41% (P = 3 10^‐6), but weighing with the amplitude reduced it by 20% (P = 0.02). However, if measurements with errors above 75 ms were rejected, weighing with the slope or the amplitude increased the reproducibility with 26% and 20% (P = 0.02), respectively. Weighing did not change the reproducibility of the weighed QT dispersion. Conclusion: Weighing with the slope improved the reproducibility of the mean weighed QT interval. However, if measurements with errors above 75 ms were rejected, weighing with the amplitude also increased the reproducibility. Weighing did not change the reproducibility of the weighed QT dispersion. Weighing is particularly efficient at reducing the negative impact of mismatch QT intervals on the reproducibility. A.N.E. 2002;7(1):4–9     

县级以下综合医疗机构医务人员对现代结控知识的认识现状调查

目的本文旨在了解医务人员现代结控知识掌握的现状及培训效果?方法于培训前后进行问卷调查,内容包括:病例发现?结核病诊断及化疗?结果培训前疫情报告和转诊,回答正确者占75.2%?71.7%;对临床表现?查痰和诊断依据,回答正确者占83.5%?42.5%?40.8%;抗痨药物?用药方法?化疗原则?短化方案?短化疗程?治愈标准六项,回答正确者占58%?14.4%?20.8%?9.2%?17%?24.3%?培训后再次调查发现,90%以上医务人员对现代结控基本知识已掌握?结论各级医务人员现代结控知识是很贫乏的,因此,对其进行系统培训是极为必要的,此项工作省时?省力?投入少,可收到事半功倍的效果。     

大骨节病病区水,粮实验对动物的骨和软骨中化学元素组成的影响

用质子激发 X 线荧光分析方法(PIXE)测定了大骨节病病区和非病区的水、粮以及用该水粮喂养的大白鼠的肋软骨和硬骨中22种化学元素的含量。结果发现水粮中存在差异的元素反应在用该水粮喂养的大白鼠的骨、软骨中也存在差异,含量都低的元素有 P、Mn、Cu、As、Zn。都高的有铅。其中锌低在水、粮、硬骨和软骨中都完全一致呈非常显著性差异(p<0.01)。提示病区水、粮中化学元素对骨质的影响不是单一元素缺乏或过多所致,而是多种元素的复合因素。     

Assessment of the Soft-Tissue Seal at the Interface between the Base of the Fixed Denture Pontic and the Oral Mucosa

Fixed dentures (bridges) are often selected as a treatment option for a defective prosthesis. In this study, we assess the contact condition between the base of the pontic and oral mucosa, and examine the effect of prosthetic preparation and material biocompatibility. The molars were removed and replaced with experimental implants with a free-end type bridge superstructure after one week. In Experiment 1, we assessed different types of prosthetic pre-treatment: (1) the untreated control group (Con: mucosa recovering from the tooth extraction); (2) the laser irradiation group (Las: mucosa recovering after the damage caused by a CO₂ laser); and (3) the tooth extraction group (Ext: mucosa recovering immediately after the teeth extraction). In Experiment 2, five materials (titanium, zirconia, porcelain, gold-platinum alloy, and self-curing resin) were placed at the base of the bridge pontic. Four weeks after the placement of the bridge, the mucosa adjacent to the pontic base was histologically analyzed. In Experiment 1, the Con and Las groups exhibited no formation of an epithelial sealing structure on the pontic base. In the Ext group, adherent epithelium was observed. In Experiment 2, the sealing properties at the pontic interface were superior for titanium and the zirconia compared with those made of porcelain or gold-platinum alloy. In the resin group, a clear delay in epithelial healing was observed.     

高胆红素血症对肿瘤标志物测定的影响探讨

目的探讨高胆红素血症对Ca19-9、Ca24-2和CEA检测的影响.方法对320例胆管、胆囊良恶性疾病病人,15例胆囊炎病人的胆汁和血清以及10例肝硬化、10例黄疸肝炎病人进行Ca19-9、Ca24-2和CEA检测.结果在良性胆管、胆囊疾病中,Ca19-9的假阳性最高;在胆红素增高的良性疾病中,Ca19-9假阳性率达46.7%;15例胆汁和血清以及10例肝硬化和10例黄疸肝炎病人中,Ca19-9的假阳性率分别为93%、20%、80%和80%.结论高胆红素血症对Ca19-9检测影响最明显,胆囊、胆管良恶性疾病鉴别时,以Ca24-2和CEA检测为佳.     

Echocardiography in the Emergency Department: From the Perspective of the Emergency Physician and the Cardiologist

Echocardiography performed in the emergency department must adapt to this new setting for noninvasive diagnostic testing. Emergency physicians require echocardiography to provide rapid diagnosis in life-threatening emergencies. New initiatives are being proposed by emergency physicians in the delivery of this test. Cardiologists now use echocardiography in the emergency-department to make the diagnosis of heart disease earlier and with greater accuracy.     

Tracing the protectors path from the germ line to the genome

One of the basic principles that nature uses in evolution is to recycle successful concepts and create new functions by modifying existing units. This conservatism in evolution has resulted in an astonishingly high sequence identity of genes, even between evolutionarily distant species such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and Homo sapiens. The recycling of successful concepts in conjunction with gene duplication events has also led to the existence of highly homologous proteins within the genome of many species. Often, these homologous proteins show similar, yet distinct functions that, in combination with their individual tissue distribution, define their specific physiological role. One prominent example is the p53 protein family, which consists of p53, p63, and p73. Recent advances in understanding the specific biological functions of these members have shed some light onto the evolution of this crucial protein family, from a germ line-specific quality-control factor to a somatic tumor suppressor. Furthermore, structures of the oligomerization domains of the mammalian paralogs, p53 and p73, and invertebrate orthologs, CEP-1 and DMP53, have delineated evolutionary changes and revealed that the oligomerization domain of p53 lacks additional stabilizing structural elements present in all other p53 family members. This suggests that p53 is the most recent evolutionary member of this protein family and predicts a mechanism for p53 activation.