TACE联合PEIT治疗转移性肝癌

 目的 观察经导管肝动脉内化疗栓塞(TACE)联合无水酒精瘤内注射治疗肝转移癌的疗效。 方法 治疗组28例转移性肝癌先行TACE治疗1~2次后,在B型超声定位和动态观察下,对直径<10cm的肝转移瘤,行经皮肝穿刺瘤内无水酒精注射治疗(Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy, PEIT)3～10次。对照组29例行全身化疗3~4周期。观察两组不良反应并随访统计半年、1年生存率。 结果 治疗组半年生存率100%,1年生存率85.7%,无严重并发症发生。对照组半年生存率82.8％,1年生存率48.3%,两组1年生存率比较差异有统计学意义。 结论 TACE联合PEIT治疗转移性肝癌可提高肝转移癌的治疗有效率、且创伤性小,患者耐受性好,但复发的问题有待进一步解决。     

胃肠道癌局限性肝转移的95例治疗分析

目的探讨胃肠道癌局限性肝转移患者的治疗方法.方法对我院1987-2000年收治的原发癌根治术后的95例胃肠道癌局限性肝转移患者进行回顾性研究.结果原发癌加肝转移灶切除的患者1、3、5年生存率分别为76.1%、39.1%、19.4%,而肝转移灶未治疗的患者其分别为26.7%、0、0,1、3年生存率的差异均有显著性(P＜0.05);肝转移灶微波固化和无水酒精注射及肝脏区域化疗的合并组患者1、3、5年生存率分别为73.5%、29.4%、12.0%,其与肝转移灶切除组的差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).与肝转移灶未治疗组的1年生存率差异有显著(P＜0.05).结论胃肠道癌局限性肝转移患者,应尽可能彻底切除原发癌和肝转移灶,肝转移灶微波固化和无水酒精注射及肝脏区域化疗是其治疗的重要的补充.     

胃和结直肠癌同时伴有肝转移的外科治疗——附48例分析

 本文报导了48例胃和结直肠癌同时伴有肝转移的外科治疗,其中根治性肝切除18例,1、3、5年生存率分别为77.8%、44.4%、33.3%。姑息切除8例,1、3、5年的生存率为37.5%、25%、12.5%。对无法行肝切除,而分别作了单纯肝动脉结扎及肝动脉插管各4例,均在6个月内死亡。肝动脉结扎加插管化疗8例,平均生存期为10.4个月,瘤内无水酒精注射6例,平均生存期为15个月。作者认为转移性肝癌肝切除是目前首选的治疗方式。对无法切除的肝癌采用肝动脉,门静脉双插管化疗和瘤内无水酒精注射等综合治疗,无疑将会提高疗效。     

结直肠癌局限性肝转移的治疗

[目的]探讨结直肠癌局限性肝转移多种治疗方法的价值。[方法]对我院1987年-2000年收治的原发癌根治术后的引例结直肠癌局限性肝转移患者进行回顾性研究。[结果]原发癌加肝转移灶切除患者1、3、5年生存率分别为85.7％、46.9％、32.1％,而肝转移灶未治疗的患者分别为26.7％、0、0,两者的差异均有显著性（P<0.05）;肝转移灶微波固化和无水酒精注射及肝脏区域化疗合并组患者1、3、5年生存率分别为 74.2％、42.9％、19.2％,其与肝转移灶切除组的差异均无显著性（P>0.05）,与肝转移灶未治疗组的1、3年生存率差异有显著性（P<0.05）。[结论]1结直肠癌局限性肝转移患者,应尽可能彻底切除原发癌和肝转移灶,肝转移灶微波固化和无水酒精注射及肝脏区域化疗是其治疗的重要补充。     

经皮射频联合瘤内无水酒精注射治疗肝癌

目的：总结经皮肝穿射频毁损联合瘤内无水酒精注射术治疗肝癌的效果和经验。方法：经皮射频毁损与瘤内无水酒精注射术交替治疗不宜手术切除的肝癌68例。结果：随访5－15个月,经皮射频毁损与瘤内无水酒精注射术联合治疗的31例原发性单个小肝癌（≤5cm),甲胎蛋白阳性14例,术后降至正常11例,影像学疑复发2例;9例转移性肝癌（≤5cm)仅作单纯的经皮射频治疗,治疗后1例复发;28例大肝癌（＞5cm)病人全部首先行经皮肝动脉栓塞化疗,然后再作经皮肝穿射频毁损与瘤内无水酒精注射联合治疗,其中甲胎蛋白阳性15例,术后降至正常7例,下降但未降至正常5例,无下降或上升3例;影像学随访显示病灶好转或稳定21例,病情进展7例。联合治疗副作用不大,未见严重并发症。结论：经皮射频联合瘤内无水酒精注射适合对小肝癌的治疗或经皮肝动脉栓塞化疗后大肝癌的补充治疗,两者联合治疗可望提高癌局部治疗的效果。     

CT导向下经皮瘤内注射无水酒精治疗肺癌32例的疗效分析

经皮瘤内无水酒精注射 ( ｐｅｒｃｕｔａｎｅｏｕｓｅｔｈａｎｏｌｉｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎ ,ＰＥＩ)是治疗恶性肿瘤的 1种重要手段 ,我科自 2 0 0 0年 2月至2 0 0 1年 12月 ,对 3 2例肺癌患者行支气管动脉灌注 (ｂｒｏｎｃｈｉａｌａｒｔｅｒｙｉｎｆｕｓｉｏｎ ,ＢＡＩ)化疗后 ,在ＣＴ导向下经皮肺穿刺瘤内注射无水酒精 ,取得一定的治疗效果 ,现报告如下。1　材料与方法1.1　一般资料3 2例中男性 2 5例 ,女性 7例 ,年龄 46～ 71岁 ,中位年龄 5 7岁。其中鳞癌 2 6例 ,腺癌 5例 ,小细胞未分化癌 1例 ,临床分期均属Ⅲ～Ⅳ期。1.2　使用器材器材主…     

大肠癌肝转移42例的治疗分析

目的为了探讨大肠癌肝转移的手术治疗效果.方法对肝转移根治切除9例与肝转移灶未治疗18例以及非根治切除加插管化疗、酒精注射等治疗的15例生存率进行比较.结果根治切除术9例3年、5年生存率分别为55.50%、22.22%比未治疗的18例3年、5年生存率(11.11%和0)明显提高,也比非根治切除加插管化疗、酒精注射等治疗组生存率(26.67%和6.67%)提高.结论大肠癌肝转移以手术根治切除转移灶治疗效果最好.     

直径小于3cm肝癌的经皮射频微创治疗

[目的]初步总结采用经皮射频消融治疗肿瘤直径小于3cm小肝癌的疗效和经验。[方法]射频消融治疗肿瘤直径小于或等于3cm的小肝癌共53例，其中首次诊断为原发性肝癌30例，肝癌术后复发16例，肝转移癌7例，全部采用超声引导下经皮穿刺，单纯射频消融治疗31例，射频消融联合瘤内无水酒精注射术治疗22例。[结果]全组未见严重并发症，常见的术后反应为穿刺点疼痛，腹胀，低热，甲胎蛋白治疗后转阴者12例，下降但未完全转阴者5例，术后第1年出现复发者2例，第2年出现复发者1例，死亡1例，1年生存率为98.1%。[结论]经皮射频消融对小肝癌的治疗具有微创，简单，快速和重复性好的特点，是一种新的具有根治可能的微创治疗手段。     

序贯治疗中晚期肝癌的临床研究

目的 :研究经肝动脉化疗栓塞、超声介入局部注射无水酒精及中药口服序贯治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效。方法 :中晚期肝癌 114例 ,分两组治疗 :序贯治疗组 76例 ;单纯肝动脉插管化疗 ,栓塞 38例为对照组。结果 :0 5年、1年、2年生存率及中位生存期分别为 97 3%、82 8%、71 10 %及 19 3个月 ;对照组 0 5年、1年、2年生存率及中位生存期分别为 81 5 %、6 8 4 %、5 2 6 %及 10 8个月。两组间 0 5年、1年、2年生存率、中位生存期及瘤体变化的差异均有极显著性 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论 :两组比效序贯治疗优于单纯插管化疗栓塞 (P <0 0 0 1)。     

大肠癌肝转移27例诊治体会

目的　对大肠癌肝转移的治疗进行总结。方法　 1980～ 2 0 0 0年收治大肠癌肝转移 2 7例 ,就其治疗进行总结分析。结果　本组 2 7例治疗方法为无水酒精瘤内注射 4例 ,根治性切除术 11例 ,非根治性切除术 6例 ,未进行治疗 6例。本组资料表明治疗组明显优于非治疗组 ,根治性切除明显优于非根治性切除术。结论　对大肠癌肝转移应争取肝转移灶切除术 ,力争根治性切除术 ,如不能切除的应进行综合治疗     

Non-surgical (medical) treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

Choice of treatment for HCC depends mainly on the size of tumor and patient's liver function because more than 80% of HCC patients are associated with liver cirrhosis. Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT), transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and intraarterial infusion chemotherapy are, at present, commonly used treatments for HCC in Japan. PEIT is a safe and reliable treatment, in which absolute ethanol is injected to the tumor through a fine needle under US guide. PEIT is indicated for tumors of small size, which can not be removed surgically. The survival rate of PEIT for small liver cancer, less than 2 cm in diameter, is similar with the one of surgically removed cases. TAE is indicated for advanced HCC. Chemoembolization with Lipiodol is commonly used with good result. After TAE has been often performed, the survival rate of HCC patients was dramatically increased. In future, TAE combined with percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization or PEIT would be applied more often to obtain complete destruction of the lesion for advanced HCC. Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy is indicated for advanced HCC, in which TAE can not be performed. MMC, ADM and CDDP are commonly used anti-cancer drugs. Recently frequent infusion of these drugs has become possible by using implantable reservoir with good result. We have performed chemosensitivity test by SRCA for HCC specimens obtained by biopsy using a fine needle.     

原发性肝癌细针活检端粒酶活性检测的临床意义

目的:探讨原发性肝癌(HCC)经皮肝穿刺细针活检端粒酶活性检测的临床意义.方法:25例直径1.2～3cm的HCC进行了无水酒精注射治疗(PEIT).PEIT治疗前及PEIT治疗后1周在B超引导下经皮肝穿刺细针活检,所得微量肝癌组织采用非放射性同位素银染端粒重复序列扩增法(TRAP)行端粒酶活性检测及病理学检查.3例正常肝脏组织及5例肝硬变组织作为对照研究.结果:PEIT治疗前,病理学检查诊断率为80%(20/25),端粒酶活性阳性率为84%(21/25);PEIT治疗后1周,病理学检查未发现肿瘤细胞,3例端粒酶活性阳性(12%),其中1例经手术治疗后临床治愈,2例未手术治疗者1年内复发.其余22例端粒酶转阴的患者1年内未复发.3例正常肝脏组织及5例肝硬变组织端粒酶活性检测均阴性.结论:经皮肝穿刺活检微量肝脏组织端粒酶活性检测可应用于小肝癌的辅助诊断,在原发性肝癌PEIT治疗的疗效评价及预后判断方面具有一定的应用价值.     

B超引导下注射无水乙醇治疗肝癌34例疗效分析

作者采用在B超引导下经皮肝穿刺瘤内注射无水乙醇治疗肝癌34例,共43个病灶。其中原发性肝癌31例,继发性肝癌3例。肿瘤直径<3.0cm 30个,3.0-5.Ocm8个,5.0cm以上5个,治疗有效率分别为100％、75％和40％。术后半年、1年、3年生存率分别为73.5％、47％和11.7％。说明经皮肝穿刺瘤内注射无水乙醇法对肝癌,特别是小肝癌有较高的治疗应用价值。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合经皮氩氦冷冻及无水乙醇注射治疗肝癌的临床研究

目的联合肝动脉栓塞化疗 (transarterial chemoembolization, TACE)、经皮局部氩氦刀消融（percutaneous local cryotherapy,PLCT）和经皮瘤内无水乙醇注射治疗(percutaneous ethanol injection therapy, PEIT）三种微创方法综合治疗失去手术机会的肝癌,并与TACE单纯联合PEIT治疗相比较,观察其疗效和安全性。方法132例巨块型或结节型原发性肝癌入选,76例接受TACE、PLCT、PEIT三种微创治疗（三联组）,56例接受TACE及PEIT两种微创方法治疗（两联组）。结果三联组和两联组之间的有效率(42.1%和17.9%)、临床获益率(85.5％和69.6％)、中位疾病进展时间(12周和10周)比较有统计学差异（P<0.05）,1年生存率(75.0％和60.7％)比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论TACE联合PLCT及PEIT比单纯联合PEIT治疗,明显提高了有效率和临床获益率,并延长了中位疾病进展时间,是一种合理、安全、有效的综合治疗模式。     

Laparoscopic ethanol injection therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Ethanol injection into HCC tumors is an effective therapy and percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) is performed on many HCC patients. However, there are cases in which PEIT becomes difficult because the HCC could not be detected by ultrasonography or the tumor is located in an area where it is impossible to perform PEIT. Nine patients with HCC underwent laparoscopic ethanol injection therapy (LEIT) in our institution. Their tumors were located on the liver surface and could be visualized by laparoscopic examination. Ethanol injection was performed under laparoscopic direct visualization. The total injected ethanol volume required ranged from 4 to 15 ml and in most cases both tumor size and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels decreased after LEIT. Three cases showed a transient complication of abdominal pain or/and portal vein damage. Other severe complications were not observed. All cases required additional therapies, including transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE) or PEIT to complete the tumor necrosis. In conclusion, LEIT is a safe and effective therapy for HCC located on the liver surface, but should be combined with other therapies to facilitate its effect against HCC.     

经皮肝穿刺无水酒精瘤内注射治疗原发性小肝癌的意义

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of percutaneous ethanol intratumoral injection (PEIT) for treatment of small primary liver cancer (SPLC). Methods 240 patients with surgically or pathologically proved SPLC (<3 cm in diameter) were treated by PEIT (under the guidance of B-ultrasound). Of the 240 patients, 163 had recurrent liver cancer, 55 had inoperable liver cancer because of cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic and renal dysfunctions or due to the close proximity of tumor to the major vessels, and 22 refused to receive surgical resection. In 40 patients who received surgical resection after PEIT treatment, the resected tumors were pathologically evaluated for necrotic status and the patients were followed up postoperatively. Results Postoperative 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rate of the 240 patients was 94.9%, 84.2% and 66.3% respectively. Conclusion PEIT can be used as a non-invasive treatment for SPLC, and preoperative PEIT appears to be helpful in reducing recurrence of postoperative liver cancer.     

Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. A histopathologic study.

Histopathologic examination was done on 18 cases after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for hepatocellular carcinoma. In eight cases, the lesion was treated by PEIT alone; in the other ten cases, PEIT was combined with transcatheter arterial embolization. The lesion was completely necrotic in 13 cases, 90% necrotic in four cases, and 70% necrotic in the rest. In addition, PEIT seemed to be effective against intercapsular, extracapsular, and vascular invasions. In the four cases of incomplete necrosis, the viable cancer tissue remained in small tumor nodules around the main tumor, in portions isolated by septa, or along the edge of the lesion. Therefore, ethanol should be injected not only into the center of the lesion, but also into sites close to its edge. Ethanol did not damage noncancerous liver parenchyma distant from injected sites. Local dissemination of the cancer cells was not found in any case. Therefore, PEIT seems to be a valuable therapy and may be an alternative to surgery in some cases.     

A case of gastric carcinoma with metachronous liver metastases that responded to percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) and TS-1

A 57-year-old male underwent a total gastrectomy with D1 lymph node dissection for gastric carcinoma. The main tumor was located in area UM, measuring 15 x 6 cm and was classified as type 5. Histopathologically, the cancer cells invaded the subserosal layer with a moderately differentiated tubular pattern. Lymph node metastases (No. 1, 3, 7 and 9) were detected. Lymphatic involvement was revealed (ly 2). Three years after the first surgery, a liver metastasis (area S4) with a diameter of 30 mm was detected by abdominal ultrasonography. Percutaneous ethanol injection therapies (PEIT) were performed twice for the lesion. After PEIT, a TS-1 intake program (80 mg/day, for 4 weeks) was started for the metastatic lesion. Both treatments were effective. The patient has survived without recurrence for over 5 years after the total gastrectomy.     

Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and the exacerbation of liver function.

We performed interventional treatments on 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and analyzed the relationship between these treatments and the exacerbation of liver function after treatment. The different treatments included transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT), selective segmental sclerotherapy (SSS), combined TAE and PEIT, or transcatheter arterial chemo-injection (TAI). Thirteen patients showed an exacerbation of liver function after treatment. The laboratory data on admission, showed the lower levels of serum albumin and cholinesterase in this group. In comparison to patients who did not show any exacerbation of liver function, these 13 patients had undergone combined TAE and PEIT. An analysis of cases after TAE and PEIT treatment revealed that the time from TAE to PEIT was shorter in the exacerbation group than in the non-exacerbation group, however, there was no significant difference in the amount of injected ethanol between the two groups. It is assumed that the values of albumin and cholinesterase before treatment, or the period from TAE to PEIT are related to liver failure after treatment. Combining TAE and PEIT treatment may be effective for HCC, however, we should pay special attention to liver failure after treatment.