海狗油中脂肪酸的组成成分

研究了两种不同的衍生化方法对海狗油中脂肪酸成分分析的影响．分别用杂环化法和甲酯化法衍生化海狗油，应用气相色谱-质谱联用法对海狗油其中含有的脂肪酸成分进行分析，结果发现：用杂环化法衍生化海狗油，再经GC／MS分析可分离鉴定出30个峰，30种成分，并能对长链多不饱和脂肪酸的双键位置进行准确地定位；用甲酯化法衍生化海狗油，再经GC／MS分析只能分离出25个峰，15种成分得到鉴定(有的峰为同一种成分)，有两个峰未确定，且双键数目相同而位置不同的脂肪酸的色谱峰分离不够理想．总体而言，杂环化衍生化法优于甲酯化衍生化法．     

番茄籽油的脂肪酸及甘油酯组成分析

采用柱层析、气相色谱法和薄层层析法 ,研究了国内常见的几种番茄籽中油脂含量、脂肪酸组成和甘油酯的结构 .番茄籽油含油率为 2 0 %～ 2 3 % ,不饱和脂肪酸质量分数在 70 %以上 ,其中必需脂肪酸———亚油酸质量分数为 50 %以上 .番茄籽油是一种优质食用油 .     

两种膜处理生酱油的除菌效果和理化指标分析

利用有机膜和无机膜对生酱油进行了膜过滤实验,考察了膜过滤的除菌效果,检测了膜过滤前后与酱油风味品质直接相关的11个指标的差异,包括酱油风味成分,氨基酸,有机酸,氨基态氮和总氮等相关质量指标.比较得出在除菌效果上有机膜的处理效果要远好于无机膜,而理化指标和风味指标的对比也表明有机膜的处理效果要优于无机膜和常规的热灭菌处理效果.因此,采用0.1 μm孔径的聚偏二氟乙烯材质的有机膜,在操作压力1.0 MPa,温度为31～33 ℃时,能有效除去生酱油中的所有微生物,并且不损害酱油的原有风味.     

油茶树嫩枝挥发油GC-MS分析及其体内外抗菌作用

分析了油茶树嫩枝挥发油的化学成分,研究了其体内外抗菌活性,比较其与民间所用"刀烟"和油茶籽油之间的抗菌效果.采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法结合计算机检索对其化学成分进行分析和鉴定,用气相色谱面积归一化法测定各组分的相对百分含量,用NCCLS肉汤稀释法测定MIC值,并依照中药药理研究方法建立了小鼠皮肤感染模型,进行体表抗感染试验.结果检出并鉴定了35个峰的相对分子质量、分子式及相对含量,表明该挥发油和"刀烟"均具有一定的体外抗菌活性,且对体表感染金黄色葡萄球菌的小鼠具有显著的保护作用.     

Plasma Fatty Acid Composition in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: An Increased Omega-6/Omega-3 Ratio and Deficiency of Essential Fatty Acids

Abstract

Patients with end-stage renal disease, including those treated with peritoneal dialysis, have a high risk for death, particularly from cardiovascular causes. Plasma fatty acid (FA) composition is used as an indicator of disease risk, because its alteration has been related to metabolic disease and cardiovascular disease. For this purpose, we have measured plasma FA composition in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and compared them with those of healthy subjects. This study was performed on 51 (21 M, 30 F) CAPD patients at least 6 months under dialysis, aged 20–75 years (mean 47.81 ± 11.8 years) and 45 (25 M, 20 F) healthy control subjects aged 20–60 years (mean 38.62 ± 12.9 years). Plasma 10-cis-pentadecanoic acid, 10-cis-heptadecanoic acid, heneicosanoic acid, tricosanoic acid, nervonic acid, saturated fatty acid, and monounsaturated FA levels and delta 9 desaturase activity were significantly higher whereas linoleic acid, linolenic acid, 11,14-eicosedienoic acid, arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and omega-3 FA levels were significantly lower in the CAPD group than those in the healthy group. Our results show that there are FA abnormalities and especially a depletion in essential FA levels and a high level of omega-6/omega-3 ratio in CAPD patients, the underlying mechanism of which is not known and needs to be investigated. Therefore, we believe that essential FA supplementation should be encouraged for CAPD patients.     

大鼠精索静脉曲张模型附睾中丙二醛、总抗氧化物及唾液酸含量的改变及意义

目的:探讨大鼠左侧精索静脉曲张后同侧附睾组织中丙二醛(MDA)、总抗氧化物(TAC)和附睾管腔中唾液酸(SA)含量的改变及意义。方法:用8只雄性SD大鼠建立左侧精索静脉曲张模型,另取8只SD大鼠作为对照组。硫代巴比妥酸法和铁离子还原法分别检测附睾组织中MDA和TAC含量;5甲-基苯二酚法检测附睾腔液中SA含量。结果:大鼠左侧精索静脉曲张模型建立后的第7 d,同侧附睾组织中MDA和TAC含量,模型组与对照组相比,差异有显著性(P<0.005);附睾管腔液中SA含量,模型组明显低于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.005)。结论:大鼠左侧精索静脉曲张会导致同侧附睾组织中活性氧增加,TAC含量下降,进而影响到附睾上皮细胞合成和分泌SA的功能。     

猕猴桃籽油理化特性及脂肪酸组成

对猕猴桃籽油的理化特性和脂肪酸组成进行了研究 .结果表明 ,猕猴桃籽油主要含不饱和脂肪酸 ,其中亚麻酸含量高达 6 3.99% ,是亚麻酸含量最高的植物之一 ,是一种极具开发潜力的营养保健油源 .     

Comparison Between Intravenous and Intra-articular Regimens of Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Blood Loss During Total Knee Arthroplasty

Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic drug used widely to prevent bleeding. Its use in reducing bleeding during total knee arthroplasty surgery is well proven but there is no final consensus regarding the regimen. The purpose of our study was to compare the effectiveness of intravenous and intra-articular regimen of tranexamic acid during the total knee arthroplasty surgery. A total of 40 patients were received three doses of intravenous tranexamic acid during total knee arthroplasty surgery. Intra-articular tranexamic acid was used in 40 patients during the surgery. We concluded that intra-articular tranexamic acid is equally effective as three dose intravenous regimen in reducing blood loss during total knee arthroplasty surgery.