老年高脂血症患者血液流变学指标观察

本文对 8 9例≥ 6 0岁老年高脂血症患者血液流变学指标进行观察 ,结果分析如下。1　材料和方法1 1　观察对象　 2 0 0 2年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 9月在我科住院检查的老年患者共 89例 ,均为男性 ,年龄 6 8～ 87岁 ,平均 (76 1±7 2 )岁 ,分为血脂正常对照组 (A组 )、高胆固醇血症组 (B组 )、高甘油三酯 (TG)血症组 (C组 )、混合型高脂血症组 (D组 ) ,其中A组 2 5例 ,年龄 6 8～ 85岁 ,平均(75 4± 6 5 )岁 ;B组 2 1例 ,年龄 6 9～ 86岁 ,平均 (76 8± 7 5 )岁 ;C组 2 3例 ,年龄6 8～ 85岁 ,平均 (75 4± 6 5 )岁 ;D组 2 0例 ,年龄 6 9…     

不同恶性肿瘤中血液流变学指标变化的研究状况

研究血液及其有形成分流动与变形规律的部分称为血液流变学,目前血液流变学在恶性肿瘤检测中的应用日益受到重视。一般认为恶性肿瘤患者存在血液高粘、高凝、血细胞高聚状态,血液流变学异常可能会促进肿瘤的发生和发展。研究恶性肿瘤血液流变学指标的变化可为当前防治恶性肿瘤提供一条新途径。我们对不同恶性肿瘤中血液流变学指标变化的研究状况进行综述。     

老年糖尿病肾病患者的血液流变学分析

2型糖尿病 (Ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓｍｅｌｌｉｔｕｓ,ＤＭ)是危及中老年人健康的常见疾病。糖尿病肾病 (Ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｎｅｐｈｒｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＤＮ)是其主要的并发症之一 ,随病情发展可不同程度的影响患者生活质量 ,甚至危及生命。为此我们总结分析了 1999年 8～ 11月在我院住院的 110例老年 2型ＤＭ患者的血液流变学检测结果 ,报告如下。　　一、对象与方法　　 1.对象 :按 1985年ＷＨＯ标准确诊的 2型ＤＭ患者 110例 ,男 72例 ,女 38例 ,年龄 (6 9 3± 8 2 )岁 ,病程 (13 8± 6 9)年 ;均无酮症及出、凝血性疾病 ,心、肝、肺功能正常 ,并根…     

五种疾病患者血液流变学指标检测结果分析

2003年9月～2004年2月，我们对196例不同疾病患者和40例体检健康者行血液流变学检测，现将结果分析如下。     

老年男性高血压患者血液流变学变化的研究

为了解老年男性高血压患者血液黏度改变及其特点 ,我们对老年男性高血压患者进行血液黏度检测 ,与健康老年男性血液流变学进行比较。1　资料与方法1.1　 对象　高血压诊断按有关标准〔1〕,男 6 8例 ,年龄 6 0～ 84岁 (平均 6 5 .1± 9.18岁 ) ;对照为我院健康体检者 ,血压正常 ,经心电图、胸片检查未见异常且无其他病史者 ,男 15 80例 ,年龄 2 2～ 88岁 (平均 5 1.86± 14 .10岁 )。1.2 　 方法　所用的仪器为北京中勤世帝公司生产的 R80血液黏度仪。取空腹静脉血 ,肝素抗凝 ,恒温 37℃分别测量全血黏度 ,血浆黏度和红细胞刚性指数和红细胞…     

老年高血压病患者血液流变学分析

对48例老年高血压患者（合并冠心病21例，糖尿病10例）进行血液流变学测定。结果老年高血压组纤维蛋白原（Fg）、血浆粘度（ηP）与对照组比较，P＜0．01。全血粘度（ηb）、全血还原粘度（ηh）、血沉（ESR）、血小板粘附率（PAD）及体外血栓干重（DW）与对照组比较，P＜0．05；高血压合并冠心病组与单纯高血压组比较，ηb，ηh，PAD及体外血栓长度（L）、湿重（MW）（P＜0．05），DW（P＜0．01）；高血压合并糖尿病组与单纯高血压组比较，Fg（P＜0．01），ηh，ηh，ESR，PAD，L，DW，（P＜0．05）。结果提示，老年高血压病患者血液流变学改变表现为纤维蛋白原增高、红细胞刚性增加、红细胞变形能力降低，致红细胞聚集性增强。高血压合并冠心病或糖尿病组，均以血小板反应性增高、红细胞聚集性增强、内皮功能受损及体外血栓形成能力增强更为突出。     

慢性支气管炎患者血液流变学检测分析

慢性支气管炎患者血液流变学检测分析泰安市中心医院（２７１０００）李玉臣，孙立，潘棋，贾玉生泰安市第一人民医院刘霞近１０余年来，血液流变学的临床应用范围已涉及到多种学科，但其在慢性支气管炎患者中的改变较少报道。我们对１２５例慢性支气管炎（下称慢支组）患...     

老年肺癌患者血液流变学指标及血小板变化分析

目的 了解老年肺癌患者血小板及血液流变学的变化.方法 对67例老年肺癌患者及50例健康老年人血小板及血液流变学指标进行比较.结果 肺癌组与正常对照组比较,血小板计数及血液流变学主要参数有明显升高,存在显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论 老年肺癌患者血液存在高凝、高黏状态,对老年肺癌患者的早期发现及肿瘤转移的早期综合诊断和监测有一定意义.     

老年高脂血症、糖尿病及冠心病患者血液流变学指标观察

为探讨血液流变学与老年高脂血症、糖尿病及心脑血管疾病的关系,我们选择观察了老年高脂血症、糖尿病、冠心病3种不同疾病血液流变学情况,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1观察对象2003年12月~2004年8月,在我院体检的老干部、老年高级知识分子及住院患者共242例进行了血液流变学指标检查。我们将体检中心和住院病历诊断为高脂血症、糖尿病、冠心病患者174例分为3个疾病组,余下归纳为对照组。高脂血症组62例,男32例,女30例,年龄60~85岁,平均(73.2±6.47)岁;糖尿病组45例,男24例,女21例,年龄63~84岁,平均(74.2±7.1)岁;冠心病组67例,男35例,女32例,年…     

北京地区中老年人糖尿病和IGT患病率与增龄相关性的分析

目的　阐明中老年人糖尿病 (DM)和 IGT患病的增龄性特点及增龄的患病风险。方法　采用随机分级整群抽样方法 ,横断面调查北京市城乡 4个社区 2 35 4例≥ 4 0岁的中老年人。结果　 DM患病率为 11.36 % (标化率 :10 .6 4 % ) ,IGT患病率为 12 .17% (标化率 :11.5 6 % ) ,其与增龄有显著的相关性 (DM:r =0 .99,P =0 .0 0 2 ;IGT:r =0 .92 ,P =0 .0 2 9)。不同年龄组的血糖均值秩和分析 (IGT:χ2 =9.816 ,P =0 .0 4 4 ,总体 :χ2 =10 6 .94 4 ,P <0 .0 0 0 5 )在IGT和总体中证明有显著随年龄增加而增长的趋势。有 3个显著不同的患病风险 (OR)年龄阶段 ,即 4 0～ 4 9岁最低(DM:4 .95 % ,OR=0 .4 1;IGT:8.35 % ,OR=0 .6 6 ) ;5 0～ 6 9岁较高 (DM:12 .13%～ 13.5 7% ,OR=1.0 8～ 1.2 2 ;IGT:11.0 2 %～ 13.6 0 % ,OR=0 .89～ 1.13) ;70～ 99岁最高 (DM:19.0 2 %～ 2 1.0 5 % ,OR=1.83～ 2 .0 8;IGT:19.0 1%～2 1.0 5 % ,OR=1.6 9～ 1.92 )。患病高峰年龄为 DM(95 %可信区间 ,CI) :4 1.0～ 80 .4岁 ,IGT(95 % CI) :36 .9～ 82 .1岁。结论　因 DM和 IGT患者人数随增龄积累 ,年龄越大 ,患病率越高 ,表现出高龄群体高患病风险的增龄特点。年龄是 DM发生的一独立危险因素。     

Popular views of old age in America, 1900-1950

The aging of the American population has significantly changed medical practice over the last century. As is well known, life expectancy first began to increase dramatically in the late 19th century, but at the same time that the numbers of older people have been increasing, the social and cultural meanings of growing old have also changed. It is likely that different cohorts of older people have had different experiences with old age because of the time periods they lived through. This paper offers one way to look at some of the historical changes that have affected the public and the medical profession on the subject of old age by looking at old age through American popular literature in the first half of the 20th century in three overlapping time periods. In the first three decades of the century, the concept of old age was widely defined, and older people (rather than physicians) were the principal authorities in describing the qualities of old age. In the third and fourth decades of the century, the idea of old age was starting to acquire increasing negative connotations, but chronological age itself did not signal the beginning of old age. However, by the late 1930s and 1940s, old age became widely viewed as a specific social and medical problem to be addressed by professionals, and older people had become a recognizable population, with a variety of groups organized around their care. This paper illustrates changes in American understandings of old age within and without the medical profession and suggests ways in which popular conceptions of old age might continue to shift and affect how physicians take care of their older patients in the future.     

老年2型糖尿病相关指标的临床探讨

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病并发症相关指标的临床意义。方法对住院老年2型糖尿病160例病人随机分组，监测其生化指标（FBG、HbA1C、TC、TG、HDL-C）并作统计学处理。结果相关生化指标测值的比较，糖尿病并发症与无并发症组病例差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论对老年2型糖尿病除控制血糖外，更应重视对高血压、血脂异常的治疗，以减少各种并发症的发生。     

中老年头颈部恶性肿瘤患者血清sIL—2R的检测及其临床意义

目的探讨中老年头颈部恶性肿瘤患者血清可溶性白介素-2受体(sIL-2R)检测的临床意义.方法采用双抗体夹心(ELISA)法,检测90例头颈部恶性肿瘤患者、30例头颈部良性肿瘤患者、40例正常人的sIL-2R水平.结果恶性肿瘤患者sIL-2R水平较良性肿瘤病人及正常人水平明显升高(P＜0.01),良性肿瘤患者与正常人之间无差异(P＞0.05).结论 sIL-2R的增高可作为监视机体免疫功能、帮助诊断分析、病情检测及预后评估的有效指标.     

Prevalence of tuberculous infection and active tuberculosis in old age homes in Hong Kong

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of tuberculous infection and active tuberculosis (TB) in old age homes in Hong Kong and to determine whether there is institutional transmission in these homes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Old age homes. PARTICIPANTS: Total of 2,243 residents, representing 84.6% of all residents in 15 old age homes; 1,698 were women, and 545 were men, with an average age of 82. MEASUREMENTS: All residents had a questionnaire-based interview, medical record review, two-stage tuberculin testing using two units purified protein derivative-RT23, and a chest x-ray. Those with radiological abnormalities had sputum examined for acid-fast bacilli. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence rate of active TB in this population was 669 per 100,000, significantly higher in men than in women (1,101 per 100,000 vs 530 per 100,000). The proportion with positive tuberculin reactivity (> or =10 mm induration) after two-stage testing was 68.6%, significantly higher in men than in women. There was no evidence of active transmission of disease in these old age homes, with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis performed on five cases of active pulmonary TB in the home with the highest rate of TB showing unique RFLP patterns. CONCLUSION: The rate of active TB and TB infection in old age homes in Hong Kong is still high. Because treatment for latent TB carries a high risk for liver dysfunction in this population, clinicians and other healthcare workers need a high index of suspicion and to diagnose and treat this disease as early as possible to prevent transmission.     

泰素帝治疗晚期恶性实体瘤疗效观察

目的观察泰素帝联合卡铂治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的疗效及其副反应。方法经病理学或细胞学证实的64例、期恶性肿瘤患者,泰素帝75mg/m2静滴,第1天,卡铂6mg·ml-1·min-1静滴第2天,3周为一周期,每例患者治疗2周期以上。结果全组CR0例,PR24例,SD36例,PD4例,总有效率37.5%,初治组有效率38.7%,复治组有效率36.8%,两组间比较有效率差异无显著性(P>0.05),主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制, 度白细胞下降为46.9%,其它毒副反应较轻微,可耐受。结论泰素帝联合卡铂一线治疗或二线治疗晚期恶性实体瘤均有较好的疗效,毒性可耐受,值得临床进一步推广。     

老年严重急性呼吸综合征患者免疫学指标的研究

目的探讨老年严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)患者免疫学指标变化的特点,为进一步认识SARS免疫学特点提供依据. 方法将患者按年龄分为少年儿童组(＜18岁)、中青年组(18～59岁)、老年组(≥60岁),统计各组发病后5周内各组白细胞、淋巴细胞、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3、CD4、CD8)、血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)等免疫学指标数据,数值以中位数、最小值、最大值表示.比较3组SARS患者各免疫指标的异同. 结果发病第1、2周,白细胞计数在不同年龄组间[3组分别为(6.37和6.93)、5.32和8.49、6.12和7.73)×109/L]差异有显著性,以中青年组升高趋势最明显.发病后5周,3组间淋巴细胞计数(分别为2.41、1.85、1.38×109/L)差异有显著性(P<0.001);3组患者淋巴细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8细胞计数有各自变化的规律,但均在第4周出现差异有显著性(P<0.05,3组CD3分别为2326.20、1095.62及848.2×106/L,CD4分别为1106.60、647.99及409.44×106/L,CD8分别为1039.40、467.88及379.41×106/L).CRP在第2周时3组间(37.51、22.51及46.23×10-2 g/L)差异有显著性(P<0.05). 结论 SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群计数显著下降(尤其发病后第1、2周),显示机体有明显免疫系统受损迹象,细胞免疫似为主要的靶系统.少年儿童组受损害程度最轻,老年组最严重.     

老年充血性心力衰竭患者心功能与甲状腺激素的关系

目的 探讨血清N末端B型脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）和甲状腺激素的关系,以及在老年充血性心力衰竭患者治疗中的临床价值.方法 测定老年慢性充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者不同心功能状态下血清NT-proBNP和甲状腺激素的水平.结果 CHF组与对照组比较三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）水平降低,差异有统计学意义,且随心功能不全程度加重,T3、F-T3、甲状腺素（T4）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）水平依次降低,NT-proBNP水平依次升高,LVEF水平依次下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 监测血清甲状腺激素水平,对判断心衰程度、治疗及预后有一定临床价值.     

Underestimation of the importance of blood pressure and cholesterol for coronary heart disease mortality in old age.

AIMS: To take appropriate account of duration of follow-up in estimating age-specific associations of 'usual' blood pressure and cholesterol with death from coronary heart disease. METHODS and RESULTS: Blood pressure and cholesterol were measured in 18 841 men at entry to the Whitehall study, and coronary heart disease mortality was recorded during a 26-year period. Biennial re-measurements of these risk factors in the Framingham study were used to obtain period-specific corrections for 'regression dilution'. For coronary heart disease deaths at ages 40-64, 65-74 and 75+ years in the Whitehall study, the mean times since baseline were 9, 15, and 21 years, respectively. In uncorrected analyses of coronary heart disease risk in each age range, a 10 mmHg lower systolic blood pressure at baseline was associated with proportional risk reductions of only 19%, 14% and 10%, respectively (P<0.001 for trend with age). After period-specific correction for regression dilution, a 10 mmHg lower usual systolic blood pressure about 5 years before coronary heart disease death was associated with risk reductions of 25%, 23% and 21%, respectively (trend P=0.1). Similarly, a 1 mmol . l(-1)lower blood cholesterol was associated with proportional reductions in coronary heart disease risk of 21%, 17% and 11% (trend P<0.001) in uncorrected analyses, by contrast with proportional reductions of 27%, 26% and 21% (trend P=0.5) after period-specific correction. CONCLUSIONS: After making appropriate allowance for the longer interval between baseline measurements and death at older ages, reductions in the risk of coronary heart disease death associated with differences in usual levels of blood pressure or cholesterol at some particular fixed time prior to death were about as great in old age as in middle age.