18F-FDG PET/CT显像在鼻咽癌分期与疗效监测中的临床应用价值

背景与目的:18F-脱氧葡萄糖(fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose,18F-FDG)PET/CT显像可明显提高肺癌、食管癌等多种肿瘤的诊断、分期与疗效监测的准确性,有助于更准确地制定治疗方案.本研究探讨全身18F-FDG PET/CT显像在鼻咽癌首次分期、再分期及疗效监测中的临床应用价值.方法:回顾性分析澳大利亚Peter MacCallum肿瘤中心2002年2月至2005年12月43例鼻咽癌患者的18F-FDG PET/CT全身扫描报告,根据临床资料、病理结果及临床随访结果,计算18F-FDG PET/CT与传统影像学检查CT、MRI的准确性、特异性、灵敏度、阳性预测值与阴性预测值,并对结果进行比较和分析.结果:18F-FDGPET/CT诊断鼻咽癌总的准确率、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值与阴性预测值分别为95.3%、100.0%、85.7%、93.8%、100.0%,传统影像学检查CT、MRI分别为65.5%、79.4%、64.7%、81.8%、57.9%. 18F-FDG PET/CT诊断结果使2例首次分期、7例再分期患者治疗方案得到改变,并影响1例首次分期和3例再分期患者治疗方案的制定;在疗效监测组中,指导医生修改治疗方案共11例(其中5例为原则性的修改).18F-FDG PET/CT检测到2例第二原发肿瘤,1例是甲状腺癌,1例是低度恶性胃癌.结论:18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像对鼻咽癌N、M分期与疗效监测的临床作用可能优于CT、MR检查.     

MRI、PET/CT对N0期鼻咽癌GTV的影响

目的:比较MRI、PET/CT检查对N0期鼻咽癌肿瘤靶区(GTV) 的影响.探讨18F-FDG PET/CT 检查对于确定鼻咽癌GTV的意义.方法:已确诊的N0期鼻咽癌患者40例,所有患者治疗前一周内在同一固定体位完成MRI、 PET/CT扫描并分别阅片判定鼻咽癌GTV.结果:MRI、PET/CT对鼻咽腔、口咽、咽旁间隙、颈动脉鞘区、颞下窝、翼腭窝、颅底骨质的检查无明显差异;对海绵窦、鼻窦、咽后淋巴结侵犯MRI优于 PET/CT.结论:对于N0期鼻咽癌放疗GTV的确定,PET/CT较MRI无明显优势.     

18F-FDG PET/CT对原发性乳腺癌诊断和淋巴结分期的临床价值

目的评价18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)PET/CT对原发性乳腺癌诊断和淋巴结分期的临床价值。方法临床拟诊为乳腺癌的27例女性患者,手术前分别行乳腺钼靶X线和18F-FDG PET/CT检查。全部患者均行手术治疗,共切除32个病灶。23例患者接受了腋淋巴结廓清术,并行病理学诊断。结果32个病灶中,25个为乳腺癌病灶,7个为良性病变。18F-FDG PET/CT诊断的敏感度为80.0%,特异度为71.4%。T1期病灶8个,PET/CT诊断阳性6个;T2期病灶14个,PET/CT诊断阳性12个;T3期病灶2个,PET/CT均诊断阳性。对区域淋巴结转移,PET/CT诊断的敏感度为60.0%,特异度为84.6%,诊断准确度为73.9%。结论对于怀疑多中心乳癌、病期较晚、需要全面评价区域淋巴结状态或疑有远处转移的患者,PET/CT具有优势,对乳腺癌的分期有重要帮助,但尚不适宜于作为乳腺癌的常规检查。     

PET/CT对鼻咽癌颅底颅内侵犯的诊断价值及T分期影响

[目的]对比PET/CT与MRI诊断鼻咽癌颅底、颅内侵犯的效能,评估PET/CT对以MRI为基础的鼻咽癌T分期影响.[方法]2005年1月至2009年12月,60例患者均行PET/CT和MRI检查,对比PET/CT和MRI的诊断效能及T分期结果.[结果]PET/CT和MRI对鼻咽癌颅底侵犯的敏感性、特异性、准确率分别为96.7％、60.0％和78.3％;76.7％、93.3％和85.0％.PET/CT使28.3％病例T分期提高,8.3％病例T分期下降.[结论]虽然PET/CT对鼻咽癌原发灶侵犯范围的评估效能与MRI相仿,但如以PET/CT作为鼻咽癌分期基础,可能使T分期提高,临床需予以重视.     

18F-FDG PET和CT对食管癌临床分期的价值

评价18F-FDG PET和CT判定食管癌术前T、N分期的敏感性、特异性及准确性,并探讨SUV值与食管癌预后的相关性。方法:29例食管癌患者术前均行PET和CT扫描,分别进行T、N分期,并与术后病理分期进行对照分析。结果:与术后病理证实的T、N分期结果比较,CT扫描对判断T分期的准确率明显高于PET,PET扫描对判断N分期的准确率虽高于CT,但差异无统计学意义。仅术前PET扫描检测T分期的一致性较差（Kappa<0.4）;术前PET扫描检测N分期、术前CT扫描检测T、N分期一致性均较好（Kappa>0.4）。SUV值与PETsuv2.5显示病变长度及体积呈正相关,SUV值<9.0患者预后好于SUV值≥9.0患者。结论:在判断食管癌临床T分期方面CT较PET具有一定优势,对判断N分期方面,两者准确率均较高。SUV临界值9.0可以作为一项实用的判断预后指标。      

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用

目的:探讨18F-FDG PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用价值.方法:对23例病理学确诊的食管癌患者,术前1周行全身PET/CT显像,根据病理结果评价PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用价值.结果:19例患者进行了食管癌切除和淋巴结清除术,PET/CT显像发现50处病灶,与病理结果相比较,假阳性5处,假阴性3处,PET/CT诊断灵敏性为94%,特异性为76%;另4例患者因PET/CT发现多发转移而改变了治疗方案.结论:应用18F-FDG PET/CT进行食管癌检查能显著提高分期的敏感性和准确性,具有较好的临床应用前景.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在胃癌诊断中的应用

[目的]评价18F-FDG PET/CT显像在胃癌诊断中的应用.[方法]49例经胃镜和病理确诊的胃癌患者进行18F-FDG PET/CT显像,其诊断结果与病理学检查、其他影像学检查及临床随访比较.[结果] 49例患者18F-FDG PET/CT阳性44例,阳性率89.8％;39例有淋巴结转移患者中18F-FDGPET/CT显像发现32例,灵敏度为82.1％(32/39); 12例有远处转移患者中18F-FDG PET/CT显像发现11例,灵敏度91.6％(11/12).[结论]18F-FDG PET/CT显像对胃癌原发灶、淋巴结转移和远处转移具有较高的灵敏度,18F-FDG PET/CT显像在胃癌诊断中具有较高的临床价值.     

18F-FDG PET/CT在寻找颈淋巴结转移瘤原发灶中的应用价值

背景与目的:颈部淋巴结转移瘤在颈部恶性肿瘤中最常见,原发灶检出与否直接影响患者的生存期和生活质量.本研究旨在评估18F-FDG PET/CT在寻找颈淋巴结转移瘤原发灶中的应用价值;另外,设定不同的PET/CT原发灶诊断标准,分别评价其阳性预测价值.方法:对93例病理学诊断为颈淋巴结转移瘤的患者行18F-FDG PET/CT显像,根据不同的PET/CT原发灶诊断标准寻找原发灶,即明确诊断、可疑诊断及未见原发灶征象;所有PET/CT诊断均与病理或其它影像检查相对照.结果:PET/CT明确诊断原发灶40例,均经病理或临床证实,阳性预测值100%;PET/CT可疑诊断28例,经病理证实为原发灶16例.其阳性预测值57.1%;2例患者经PET/CT提示为纵隔淋巴结转移但未见原发灶征象.最终临床诊断为原发纵隔型肺癌;2例患者PET/CT未见原发征象,经内窥镜检出原发灶;PET/CT原发灶检出率为60.2%(56/93).结论:18F-FDG PET/CT在寻找颈淋巴结转移瘤原发灶中有较大的临床价值.     

18F-FDG PET显像在非小细胞肺癌临床分期中的价值

目的 探讨^18F-脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射体层显像(^18F-FDG PET)在非小细胞肺癌(NscLC)临床分期中的价值。方法 105例NSCLC患者于放射治疗前行^18F-FDG PET检查,进行PET分期,并将PET分期和CT分期结果进行比较分析。结果 ^18F-FDG PET扫描使38例NSCLC患者分期改变,其中分期升级31例,分期降级7例。21例分期升级者PET检查发现了远处转移灶,其治疗方案由根治性治疗改为姑息性治疗;6例分期降级者进行了根治性手术治疗,其中5例PET分期与病理分期一致。PET发现远处转移灶的几率随PET扫描前分期的升级而上升,其中Ⅰ期10．0％(2／20),Ⅱ期14．3％(3／21),Ⅲ期25．0％(16／64)。结论 ^18F-FDG PET显像改变了36．2％(38／105)NSCLC患者的临床分期,影响了其治疗策略。^18F-FDG PET显像对NSCLC患者的临床分期有重要的参考价值。     

18F-FDG PET显像在食管癌诊断中的临床意义

目的探讨正电子发射型电子计算机断层(positron emission computed tomography,PET)显像在食管癌早期诊断以及临床分期中的临床应用价值.方法23例食管癌患者,进行全身18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose,18F-FDG ) PET显像,并与外科手术或内镜活检病理结果和CT检查结果对照.结果46例患者中PET显像食管部位均有异常放射性浓聚灶,经病理确诊,46处食管浓聚灶均为食管癌原发病灶.其中28例为单发病灶,2例为食管多发灶,其余16例除食管原发病灶外,还有其他部位32个病灶,经临床和病理证实为远处转移病灶.与46例PET显像前CT结果相比较,PET共检出食管部位恶性病灶46例,检出率为100.0%,而CT仅检出34例,检出率为73.9%.46例中确诊有其他部位转移者18例,PET检出18例,检出率为100.0%,而PET显像前CT仅检出6例,检出率为33.3%.27例手术治疗者PET分期与临床病理分期一致,而常规检查对食管癌临床分期高估5例,低估12例,PET显像改变了这17例患者的临床治疗方案.结论18F-FDG PET显像对食管癌的诊断、淋巴结和远处转移的分期、治疗方案的制定有重要的临床应用价值.     

PET/CT与MRI在鼻咽癌淋巴结转移诊断和N分期中的比较研究

目的 比较PET／CT与MRI在鼻咽癌淋巴结转移诊断和N分期中的作用。方法116例鼻咽癌患者于治疗前行PET／CT和MRI检查。依据随访结果比较PET／CT和MRI在淋巴结转移诊断和N分期中的作用。结果116例患者的614个淋巴结的随访结果显示,阳性340个,阴性274个。PET／CT诊断转移淋巴结的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为93．2％、98．2％和95．4％,而MRI分别为88．8％、91．2％和89．9％,两者各指标比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。按1992年福州分期,109例（94．0％）的PET／CT分期正确,103例（88．8％）的MRI分期正确;按UICC分期,108例（93．1％）的PET／CT分期正确,100例（86．2％）的MRI分期正确。结论PET／CT判断鼻咽癌淋巴结转移和N分期较MRI准确,但对炎性增生、大面积坏死淋巴结,或直径小于PET空间分辨率的转移淋巴结应警惕其假阳性和假阴性判断。     

^18F-FDG PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用

目的：探讨^18F-FDG PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用价值。方法：对23例病理学确诊的食管癌患者,术前1周行全身PET/CT显像,根据病理结果评价PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用价值。结果：19例患者进行了食管癌切除和淋巴结清除术,PET/CT显像发现50处病灶,与病理结果相比较,假阳性5处,假阴性3处,PET/CT诊断灵敏性为94%,特异性为76%;另4例患者因PET/CT发现多发转移而改变了治疗方案。结论：应用^18F-FDG PET/CT进行食管癌检查能显著提高分期的敏感性和准确性,具有较好的临床应用前景。     

基线18F-FDG PET/CT显像在滤泡性淋巴瘤分布、分级和分期中的价值

目的:总结滤泡性淋巴瘤（follicular lymphoma,FL）基线18F-FDG PET/CT显像特点并探讨基线18F-FDG PET/CT显像不同代谢参数在FL分布、分级、分期中的价值。方法:回顾性分析2014年01月至2022年12月进行基线18F-FDG PET/CT检查的经病理证实的FL患者56例,对其基线18F-FDG PET/CT显像受累病灶的部位、密度及最大径进行总结分析;应用独立样本t检验比较FL低级别组（1、2级）、高级别组（3a、3b级）与Ki-67、SUVmax、TBR和Dmax间的关系;分析FL局限期组（Ⅰ、Ⅱ期）与播散期组（Ⅲ、Ⅳ期）间SUVmax、TBR的差异。结果:基线18F-FDG PET/CT显像最高代谢病灶最常见的好发部位是腹部和颈部淋巴结,多表现为腹部和颈部多发高代谢肿大淋巴结,密度均匀,较大者融合成团。高、低级别组Ki-67指数间差异有统计学意义（t=4.621,P＜0.05）,利用ROC曲线进行分析,Ki-67指数临界值为35%;高、低级别组间SUVmax、TBR差异有统计学意义（t=2.481、t=2.514,P＜0.05）,ROC曲线临界值分别为12.3、4.7,Dmax差异无统计学意义（t=1.380,P＞0.05）。局限期组与播散期组的SUVmax、TBR无统计学差异（t=0.534、1.212,P＞0.05）。结论:FL基线18F-FDG PET/CT显像多表现为腹部和颈部多发肿大淋巴结,密度均匀且融合成团,代谢活性不同程度增高,基线18F-FDG PET/CT能有效评估FL患者分级并能够准确分期,代谢参数SUVmax、TBR越高,分级越高,但其与分期间无明显关联。     

Significant value of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in diagnosing small cervical lymph node metastases in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy

Background: Little is known about the nature of metastasis to small cervical lymph nodes (SCLNs) in the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) examined by using 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic values of PET/CT in identifying metastasis in SCLNs in NPC patients. Methods: Magnetic resonance images (MRI) and PET/CT scans for 470 patients with newly diagnosed, non-distant metastatic NPC were analyzed. Metastatic rates of SCLNs were defined by the positive number of SCLNs on PET/CT scans and total number of SCLNs on MRI scans. Receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to compare PET/CT-determined stage with MRI-determined stage. Results: In total, 2082 SCLNs were identified, with 808 (38.8%) ≥ 5 and < 6 mm in diameter (group A), 526 (25.3%)≥ 6 and < 7 mm in diameter (group B), 374 (18.0%) ≥ 7 and < 8 mm in diameter (group C), 237 (11.4%) ≥ 8 and< 9 mm in diameter (group D), and 137 (6.5%) ≥ 9 and < 10 mm in diameter (group E). The overall metastatic rates examined by using PET/CT for groups A, B, C, D, and E were 3.5%, 8.0%, 31.3%, 60.0%, and 83.9%, respectively (P < 0.001). In level IV/Vb, the metastatic rate for nodes ≥ 8 mm was 84.6%. PET/CT examination resulted in modifica-tion of N category and overall stage for 135 (28.7%) and 46 (9.8%) patients, respectively. The areas under curve of MRI-determined and PET/CT-determined overall stage were 0.659 and 0.704 for predicting overall survival, 0.661 and 0.711 for predicting distant metastasis-free survival, and 0.636 and 0.663 for predicting disease-free survival. Conclusions: PET/CT was more effective than MRI in identifying metastatic SCLNs, and the radiologic diagnostic criteria for metastatic lymph nodes in level IV/Vb should be re-defined.     

Effectiveness of Breast MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT for the Preoperative Staging of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma versus Ductal Carcinoma

Purpose

We evaluated the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) for the preoperative staging of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast and compared the results with those of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

Methods

The study included pathologically proven 32 ILCs and 73 IDCs. We compared clinical and histopathological characteristics and the diagnostic performances of MRI and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for the primary mass, additional ipsilateral and/or contralateral lesion(s), and axillary lymph node metastasis between the ILC and IDC groups.

Results

Primary ILCs were greater in size, but demonstrated lower maximum standardized uptake values than IDCs. All primary masses were detected on MRI. The detection rate for ILCs (75.0%) was lower than that for IDCs (83.6%) on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT, but the difference was not significant. For additional ipsilateral lesion(s), the sensitivities and specificities of MRI were 87.5% and 58.3% for ILC and 100.0% and 66.7% for IDC, respectively; whereas the sensitivities and specificities of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were 0% and 91.7% for ILC and 37.5% and 94.7% for IDC, respectively. The sensitivity of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for ipsilateral lesion(s) was significantly lower in the ILC group than the IDC group. The sensitivity for ipsilateral lesion(s) was significantly higher with MRI; however, specificity was higher with ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in both tumor groups. There was no significant difference in the diagnostic performance for additional contralateral lesion(s) or axillary lymph node metastasis on MRI or ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for ILC versus IDC.

Conclusion

The MRI and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT detection rates for the primary cancer do not differ between the ILC and IDC groups. Although ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT demonstrates lower sensitivity for primary and additional ipsilateral lesions, it shows higher specificity for additional ipsilateral lesions, and could play a complementary role in the staging of ILC as well as IDC.     

Value of PET/CT versus enhanced CT for locoregional lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic efficacies of integrated (18)F FDG PET/CT images and contrast-enhanced helical CT images in locoregional lymph node metastasis in the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: From June 2005 to June 2007, 122 potentially operable patients with proven or suspected non-small cell lung cancer underwent integrated PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT scans followed by surgical nodal staging. The results of reviewing PET/CT and enhanced CT images for the locoregional lymph node metastasis were compared in relation to pathologic findings. RESULTS: Preoperative nodal staging was compared with postoperative histopathological staging, 80% (98 of 122) of patients correctly staged, 13% (16 of 122) of patients were overstaged, and 7% (8 of 122) were understaged by PET/CT, while those values for CT were 56% (68 of 122), 26% (32 of 122), and 18% (22 of 122), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of PET/CT for lymph nodes were 86%, 85%, 85%, 64%, 95%, respectively; compared with 69%, 71%, 70%, 43%, 88% for CT (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.001, respectively). 81% false-negative interpretations and 72% false-positive interpretations on CT were corrected by PET/CT. 57% false-negative interpretations and 45% false-positive interpretations on PET/CT were corrected by CT. 6 % (9 of 153) positive lymph nodes and 8% (40 of 486) negative nodes at pathology were incorrectly diagnosed both by PET/CT and CT. CONCLUSION: Integrated PET/CT improves the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value than enhanced CT in the assessment of locoregional lymph nodes, and provides more efficient and accurate data of nodal staging, with a better effect on diagnosis and therapy in non-small cell lung cancer.     

Positron emission tomography of esophageal carcinoma using (11)C-choline and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose: a novel method of preoperative lymph node staging.

BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative staging is an important but difficult problem in determining therapy for patients with esophageal carcinoma. Positron emission tomography (PET) is used with [methyl-(11)C]choline ((11)C-choline) and 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) to detect a variety of malignancies. The authors used PET with both of these agents to detect lymph node metastases in patients with esophageal carcinoma. METHODS: Lymph node metastases in 33 patients with biopsy-proven esophageal carcinoma (16 patients with tumors classified as T1 and 17 patients with tumors classified as T2-4) was examined by PET using (11)C-choline and (18)F-FDG, and the accuracy of the results was correlated with pathology findings after surgery. RESULTS: (11)C-choline PET was more effective than (18)F-FDG PET and computed tomography (CT) in detecting very small metastases localized in the mediastinum. It was ineffective, however, in detecting metastases localized in the upper abdomen, because of the normal uptake of (11)C-choline in the liver. (18)F-FDG PET was superior to CT in detecting metastases in the mediastinum and the upper abdomen, whereas (11)C-choline PET was superior to (18)F-FDG PET in detecting metastases in the mediastinum. When (11)C-choline PET and (18)F-FDG PET were used in combination, they were very effective in evaluating the lymph node status in both the mediastinum and the upper abdomen, and detected 85% of the metastatic lymph nodes (n = 46). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the combination of (11)C-choline PET and (18)F-FDG PET was very effective in evaluating the lymph node status of patients with esophageal carcinoma preoperatively.     

FDG PET在鼻咽癌分期中的作用(26例评估分析)

[目的]探讨18F-FDGPET在评价鼻咽癌分期中的作用。[方法]对26例经病理证实且经B超、X线胸片检查没有发现远处转移的鼻咽癌患者在治疗前进行了PET/CT或PET检查,与同期的CT图像比较,并对PET的检查结果与CT检查结果不一致的患者进行了进一步检查。[结果]FDGPET与CT对原发肿瘤的评价方面没有差别;FDGPET改变了26例患者中5例患者的N分期,其中3例患者的N分期由N3b改为M1。[结论]FDGPET在检查鼻咽癌淋巴结转移和远处转移方面比CT更敏感。