合成聚醚醚酮制Cage在颈椎外科中的应用

目的　评价合成聚醚醚酮制Cage在颈椎前路融合术中的作用。方法　经颈前路对椎间盘彻底切除、椎管减压后,应用合成聚醚醚酮制Cage腔内植入自体髂前松质骨,植入椎体间,达到对颈椎的支撑、固定、融合。结果　在对2 7例颈椎疾病的融合术中,切口3～4cm ,出血量1 0～1 0 0mL ,平均40mL ,平均住院时间1 2d ,术后3天下床行走。随访3～1 8个月,平均1 2个月,JOA评分:术前平均1 0 .0 3分,术后平均1 4.86分,以SPSS1 0 .0软件处理,经双因素方差分析,P <0 .0 1 ,两者间差异存在高度显著性,平均改善率71 .46%。在随访X线的检查中,无植入物移位、脱出,无椎间盘高度及颈椎曲度丢失,术后半年已有骨性融合。结论　合成聚醚醚酮制Cage使用简单、安全、并发症少,材料生物相容性好,能有效地维持恢复的颈椎高度,促进植骨融合。     

PEEK颈椎椎间融合器临床应用效果分析

目的 评价聚醚醚酮(PEEK)椎间融合器在颈前路经椎间隙减压融合术中的临床应用及疗效评价.方法 采用颈前路经椎间隙减压、PEEK椎间融合器植入固定融合术治疗颈椎病及颈椎间盘突出症129例,术后定期随访,拍颈椎X线片,观察手术椎节的稳定性、融合情况、椎间隙高度恢复情况.结果 随访6～12个月,手术节段稳定,椎间高度恢复满...     

Zero-P椎间融合器的早期临床疗效

目的:研究Zero-P椎间融合器在颈椎前路减压椎体间融合(ACDF)术后的早期临床疗效。方法:选取颈椎疾病患者31例,均行ACDF术,共置入Zero-P椎间融合器31枚,融合节段均为单节段。术后定期摄X线片检查,采用日本骨科学会(JOA)评分,神经功能改善率(RIS)评价患者术前、术后颈脊髓神经功能。结果:31例患者均获12个月以上随访,平均14.70个月,手术时间(72±10)min,术中出血量(60±12)mL;1例患者术后24 h内出现咽部疼痛,经对症治疗,术后7 d内症状消失;术后3个月X线片提示颈椎椎间隙骨性融合,术前JOA评分(8.65±1.85)分,术后末次随访时为(16.09±0.91)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后6个月神经功能改善率为(89.60±9.45)%,与术后12个月的(90.30±8.94)%比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后椎间高度、生理弧度恢复满意。结论:Zero-P椎间融合器应用于颈前路减压植骨融合治疗颈椎疾病的早期随访疗效满意。     

后路椎体次全切除椎间支撑植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折疗效观察

目的：探讨后路椎体次全切除椎间支撑植骨术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的疗效。方法：采用后路椎体次全切除椎间支撑植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者19例,术后1周、3个月、6个月、12个月行X线片及三维CT扫描,观察椎间高度、椎间支撑体及周围植骨融合情况、椎管减压程度及脊髓神经功能恢复。结果：19例均顺利完成手术,随访6~36个月,术后1周X线片未见支撑体明显移位,脊髓神经功能均有不同程度恢复;术后3个月X线片、CT扫描示椎管通畅无占位,支撑体及周围植骨与临近椎体间隙模糊;术后6个月、12个月X线片、CT扫描示18例患者支撑体及周围植骨与邻近椎体有连续骨小梁形成,1例支撑与椎间无连续骨小梁通过,但周围植骨已骨性愈合;1例支撑倾斜（矢状面或冠状面倾斜角度均〈10°）;19例Frankel分级均明显改善。结论：后路椎体次全切除椎间支撑植骨减压彻底,有利于脊髓神经恢复,支撑体植骨有利于恢复脊柱稳定性,降低内固定松动和断裂的可能。     

早期前路减压治疗颈椎过伸性损伤56例临床分析

目的评价颈椎前路减压对颈椎过伸性损伤患者的临床疗效。方法 56例颈椎过伸性损伤患者,根据影像学、临床表现诊断为不稳定颈椎骨折。择期实施颈椎前路单间隙减压、植骨融合、内固定手术29例,颈椎病椎次全切除、融合、内固定手术27例。术后观察影像学表现、临床表现,定期门诊评价神经功能。结果随访3～48个月（平均18.6个月）,所有患者术后3个月、6个月颈椎X线摄片,6个月后X线片提示均骨性融合、无假关节形成,无钢板、螺钉松动,无内固定断裂;术后1个月ASIA评分评价术后神经功能并与术前比较,脊髓运动功能、脊髓感觉功能明显恢复（P〈0.01）。结论颈椎过伸性损伤早期前路减压能较好恢复可逆性损伤脊髓神经功能,该治疗方法是一种简单、安全的手术方式。     

同种异体骨移植治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症43例疗效观察

目的：总结同种异体骨移植治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法：采用冷冻干燥辐照灭菌同种异体骨腰椎间移植治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症43例（实验组）,以同期椎间融合器结合脊柱内固定系统治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症37例作为对照组,通过临床观察、X线检查评价疗效,并进行比较。结果：实验组、对照组分别有4例和3例患者出现浅部伤1：2并发症（P〉0．05）,分别有8例和4例患者术后体温偏高（P〈0．05）;随访12～36个月,实验组、对照组优良率分别为88．4％、86．5％,两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;实验组术后平均5个月出现了骨愈合,骨性融合率达100％,术后12个月未出现移植骨的吸收;术后X线与最终随访x线片对照,实验组、对照组相对椎间隙高度丢失平均值分别为12．3％、11．9％,两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：冷冻干燥辐照灭菌同种异体骨椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症,椎间融合率高,可以较好地维持椎间隙高度,无明显免疫排斥反应,疗效满意。     

双嵌式颈椎融合器治疗脊髓型颈椎病早中期效果

目的:评估双嵌式颈椎融合器(ROI-C)治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效及影像学效果。方法:2012年5月-2013年6月我科应用颈椎压力固定器对21名患者行颈椎前路减压椎间盘切除椎体融合术。应用JOA功能评分评价临床疗效,并于术前,术后3 d、术后3个月、术后6个月行常规X线正侧位片检查,评估椎体间融合情况及椎间高度,并记录每例病例手术时间、出血量及手术相关并发症情况。结果:JOA评分随时间顺序逐渐升高,6个月内所有病例椎间全部融合,椎间高度在术后3 d即显著恢复,3个月内下降,术后6个月趋于稳定。在随访期间,未发生手术相关并发症。结论:应用双嵌式颈椎融合器治疗脊髓型颈椎病可在早中期达到较好的临床疗效。     

颈椎Solis椎间融合器治疗脊髓型颈椎病的初步疗效分析

目的评价前路减压结合椎间融合器Solis植骨融合治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效及安全性。方法 31例患者中20例单节段椎间隙病变者行椎间盘摘除后植入单枚Solis椎间融合器,9例双节段椎间隙病变者和2例三节段椎间隙病变者行多节段椎间盘摘除,分别植入2枚和3枚Solis椎间融合器植骨融合,所有病例未行颈椎前路钢板固定,手术前后进行JOA评分,并观察各项疗效指标。结果术后随访6～34个月,平均(25±1.4)个月,神经症状均明显改善。术前JOA评分平均(10.4±0.5)分,术后末次JOA评分平均(14.2±0.4)分。神经功能改善率为76.3%;31例患者术后线X线片示植骨在术后12～18周获骨性融合,植骨融合率100%,术后颈椎间隙高度和生理曲度维持良好,内置物Solis-cage位置良好,无松动现象。2例患者发生脑脊液漏,3例并发喉返神经损伤,术后2个月恢复。结论颈椎前路减压椎间盘切除加单纯Solis椎间融合器植骨融合可有效治疗脊髓型颈椎病,但必须加强围手术期管理,预防并发症的发生并积极处理并发症。     

无前方钢板的嵌片＋聚醚醚酮复合材料融合器用于外伤性颈椎间盘突出症融合术治疗的效果观察

对20例单节段外伤性颈椎间盘突出症患者,术前经x线摄片及MRI检查排除骨折、脱位,行椎间盘摘除、无前方钢板的嵌片＋聚醚醚酮复合材料椎间融合器内自体髂骨植骨椎间融合术治疗。术后随访6-36个月,平均22个月,植骨融合时间平均4．9个月,复查x线摄片未见相关内固定并发症。此融合器为自稳型颈椎椎问融合器,内置自体髂骨,应用其行植骨椎间融合术是治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的较好方法。     

单节段颈前路椎间盘切除植骨融合术后颈椎椎间高度和整体曲率的影像学变化

目的 本研究旨在探讨单节段颈椎前路椎间盘切除减压植骨融合术(anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, ACDF)后颈椎椎间高度及颈椎整体曲度的变化。方法 回顾性分析接受单节段ACDF治疗的119名脊髓型颈椎病患者的病例及影像学资料。通过使用患者的颈椎X线平片测量融合前后椎间隙的高度。同时测量侧位片上第2颈椎至第7颈椎的Cobb角,以评估颈椎的整体曲度。通过比较术前和术后的影像学资料,以说明置入椎间融合器对颈椎椎间高度和整体曲度的影响。结果 术后神经功能JOA及Nurick评分较术前明显改善（P<0.01）。术前椎间前高度（anterior intervertebral height, AIH）和椎间后高度（posterior intervertebral height, PIH）均明显低于正常椎间高度（P<0.01）,术后AIH明显升高,恢复正常;术后PIH与术前相比同样明显增加。术后颈椎曲度[（22.36±5.07）°]较术前[（16.53±6.85）°]明显增加（P<0.01）,但是并未恢复至正常曲度。结论 ACDF手术能够完成有效的神经减压改善神经功能,并且该手术能够恢复颈椎退变节段的椎间高度及改善颈椎整体曲度。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.