皮神经营养血管对扩大穿支蒂皮瓣存活面积的实验研究

Objective To study the effects of nerocutneous vessels on perforator flap blood supply and survival area. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The study of the vasculature and nerve disposition of rat dorsum was performed with 10 rats of one group. According to the study,a distal rectangle neurocutaneous flap based on deep circumflex iliac artery perforator, 10 cm long and 3 cm in the width, was elevated on the rest rats, and sutured back to the original situation. The axis of the experimental group's flap paralleles the posterior median line,while the control group flap's angulated about 30° with it. The blood flow of the flap was assessed by fluorescein angiography on the 1st and 7th day after surgery. The surviving rate and the capillary density of flap were assessed on the 7th day after surgery. Results The rat deep circumflex iliac perforator artery was a constant perforator artery, with an nutrition area about 4 cm× 3 cm. The dorsal cutaneous nerves run along the dorsomedian line, nourished by rich vessels. The blood perfusion 1st day after surgery was 42.85% in the experimental group, 37.94% in the control group(P ＞ 0.01 ).On the 7th day, it was 84.07% in the experimental group, 58.55% in the control group (P＜ 0.01). The mean survival rate of the experimental group was 83.93%, higher than control group's 59.95% (P＜0.01),and the density of the blood vessels was higher in experimental group than control group's. Conclusion The neurocutaneous vessels can improve the flap survival condition, which make the perforator flap bigger and safer.     

皮神经营养血管对扩大穿支蒂皮瓣存活面积的实验研究

Objective To study the effects of nerocutneous vessels on perforator flap blood supply and survival area. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The study of the vasculature and nerve disposition of rat dorsum was performed with 10 rats of one group. According to the study,a distal rectangle neurocutaneous flap based on deep circumflex iliac artery perforator, 10 cm long and 3 cm in the width, was elevated on the rest rats, and sutured back to the original situation. The axis of the experimental group's flap paralleles the posterior median line,while the control group flap's angulated about 30° with it. The blood flow of the flap was assessed by fluorescein angiography on the 1st and 7th day after surgery. The surviving rate and the capillary density of flap were assessed on the 7th day after surgery. Results The rat deep circumflex iliac perforator artery was a constant perforator artery, with an nutrition area about 4 cm× 3 cm. The dorsal cutaneous nerves run along the dorsomedian line, nourished by rich vessels. The blood perfusion 1st day after surgery was 42.85% in the experimental group, 37.94% in the control group(P ＞ 0.01 ).On the 7th day, it was 84.07% in the experimental group, 58.55% in the control group (P＜ 0.01). The mean survival rate of the experimental group was 83.93%, higher than control group's 59.95% (P＜0.01),and the density of the blood vessels was higher in experimental group than control group's. Conclusion The neurocutaneous vessels can improve the flap survival condition, which make the perforator flap bigger and safer.     

颅脑损伤后海马区notch信号分子及其相关miRNA的表达变化

目的 观察颅脑损伤后海马区notch1相关微小RNA(miRNA)、notch1及nestin的表达变化,探讨颅脑损伤后神经干细胞增殖机制.方法 采用自由落体法复制闭合性颅脑损伤小鼠模型,于伤后4 h、1 d和3 d处死动物.(1)实时聚合酶链反应(Real-time PCR)检测伤后4 h、1 d和3d伤侧海马区mir-326、mir-34a和notch1 mRNA的表达变化.(2)免疫荧光染色检测伤后3 d伤侧海马齿状回区notch1和nestin蛋白表达变化.结果 (1)颅脑损伤后4 h、1 d和3 d组海马区mir-326和mir-34a表达水平分别为假手术组的(0.36±0.16)、(0.16±0.04)、(0.36±0.17)倍和(0.48±0.15)、(0.50±0.04)、(0.25±0.14)倍,均低于假手术组(P＜0.01);(2)颅脑损伤后4 h、1 d和3 d组海马区notch1 mRNA表达水平分别为假手术组的(1.77±0.17)、(2.55±0.48)和(2.44±0.58)倍,均高于假手术组(P＜0.05);颅脑损伤后3 d组海马齿状回区notch1阳性细胞明显多于假手术组[(18.20±3.56)个比(0.40±0.55)个,P＜0.01].(3)颅脑损伤后3 d组海马齿状回区nestin阳性细胞数明显高于假手术组[(21.80±5.07)个比(0.80±0.45)个,P＜0.01].结论 在颅脑损伤后海马区神经干细胞增殖过程中,mir-326和mir-34a表达明显降低,其靶基因notch1 mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高,提示mir-326和mir-34a可靶向抑制notch信号分子,调控伤后神经干细胞增殖过程.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the expression of notch1-related miRNA, notch1 and nestin,and explore the regulatory mechanism of neural stem cells proliferation in hippocampus of mice after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Mice were suffered closed head injury, and then sacrificed at 4th h,1st day and 3rd day post-injury. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of mir-326, mir-34a and notch1 mRNA in mice hippocampus at 4th h, 1st day and 3rd day post TBI. Immunofluorescence was conducted to determine protein expression levels of notch1 and nestin in mice hippocampus at 3rd day post TBI. Results ( 1 ) Relative to sham group, the levels of mir-326 and mir-34a at 4th h, 1st day and 3rd day after TBI in the hippocampus were respectively (0. 36 ± 0. 16),(0. 16±0.04), (0.36±0. 17) and (0.48±0. 15), (0.50±0.04), (0.25 ±0. 14) fold (P＜0.01);(2) Relative to sham group, the levels of notch1 mRNA at 4th h, 1st day and 3rd day post TBI injury in the hippocampus were respectively (1.77 ±0. 17), (2.55 ±0.48) and (2.44±0.58) fold (P＜0.05).Notch1 + cells in the DG at 3rd day post TBI were significantly increased compared to sham group ( 18.20± 3.56 vs 0. 40 ±0. 55 ,P ＜0. 01 ); (3) Nestin + cells in the DG at 3rd day post TBI were increased apparently compared to sham group (21.80 ± 5. 07 vs 0.80 ± 0. 45, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion mir-326 and mir-34a may play a key role in trauma-induced neural stem cells proliferation in hippocampus in vivo by targeting notch1 signaling.     

荷负电气溶胶治疗对大鼠烫伤创面白细胞介素-8、10表达的影响及意义

目的 观察荷负电气溶胶治疗对大鼠烫伤创面愈合过程中白细胞介素(IL)-8、IL-10表达的影响,探讨荷负电气溶胶治疗促进创面愈合的作用机制.方法 制作SD大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,采用分组对照方法,将40只鼠随机分为治疗组(n1=20)和对照组(n2=20).治疗组应用荷负电气溶胶治疗,每次1.5 h,每天2次,直至创面愈合;对照组不作荷负电气溶胶治疗.伤后第1～11天分别取创面标本制作切片,采用免疫组织化学和图像分析方法,检测创面愈合过程中IL-8和IL-10表达水平.结果 创面平均愈合时间治疗组为(7.00±1.15)d,对照组为(9.00±1.34)d,治疗组创面愈合时间明显提前(P＜0.01).免疫组织化学显示,两组IL-8均在伤后第1天开始表达.主要位于多核粒细胞和单核细胞;第3天表达明显增多达高峰,并见大量成纤维细胞表达,治疗组的峰值明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),第5～11天表达水平迅速下降.两组IL-10伤后第1天在淋巴细胞和单核细胞均有表达;第3天开始有角质细胞表达并达高峰,第5～11天表达水平缓慢下降,但治疗组要明显高于对照组,第3～11天差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 荷负电气溶胶治疗能有效抑制创面IL-8的表达及促进IL-10的表达,缩短炎症进程,从而加速创面愈合.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the influence of aerosol bioelectricity on the expression of interleukin (IL) -8 and IL-10 in wound healing of burned rats. Methods The deep Ⅱ degree scalding models were established in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n1 =20) and control group (n2 =20). The rats in experimental group were treated with aerosol bioelectricity.Samples were collected at the first to eleventh day post-scalding. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods were conducted to examine the expression of IL-8 and IL-10 in both experimental and control groups. Results The average wound healing time in experimental group was 7. 00 ± 1. 15 days, and that in control group was 9. 00 ± 1. 34 days. IL-8 and IL-10 were observed mainly in polylmorphonuclear and mononuclear cells in both experimental and control groups on the 1 st day. On the third day, fibroblasts abounded, IL-8 expression was increased evidently and reached a peak. The peak value (6. 73 ± 1. 36) in experimental group was lower significantly than that in control group ( 2. 85 ± 0. 72, P ＜ 0. 01). From the 5th to 11th day, IL-8 expression was declined rapidly. IL-10 was expressed in keratode cells and had the peak value in experimental group (1. 24 ±0. 15) and control group (5. 69 ± 1. 32) on the 3rd day. IL-10 expression was declined gradually from the 5th to 11th days. The expression level of IL-10 in experimental group was significantly higher than in control group from the 3rd day to 11th days post-scalding (P＜0. 01). On the 3rd day, both IL-8 and IL-10 in experimental and control groups were expressed abundantly , and there was negative relationship between them (r = - 0. 862, P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion Aerosol bioelectricity can indicate active cells proliferation through down-regulating the expression of IL-8 and up-regulating the expression of IL-10, accelerating burned wound healing.     

荷负电气溶胶治疗对大鼠烫伤创面白细胞介素-8、10表达的影响及意义

Objective To discuss the influence of aerosol bioelectricity on the expression of interleukin (IL) -8 and IL-10 in wound healing of burned rats. Methods The deep Ⅱ degree scalding models were established in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n1 =20) and control group (n2 =20). The rats in experimental group were treated with aerosol bioelectricity.Samples were collected at the first to eleventh day post-scalding. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods were conducted to examine the expression of IL-8 and IL-10 in both experimental and control groups. Results The average wound healing time in experimental group was 7. 00 ± 1. 15 days, and that in control group was 9. 00 ± 1. 34 days. IL-8 and IL-10 were observed mainly in polylmorphonuclear and mononuclear cells in both experimental and control groups on the 1 st day. On the third day, fibroblasts abounded, IL-8 expression was increased evidently and reached a peak. The peak value (6. 73 ± 1. 36) in experimental group was lower significantly than that in control group ( 2. 85 ± 0. 72, P ＜ 0. 01). From the 5th to 11th day, IL-8 expression was declined rapidly. IL-10 was expressed in keratode cells and had the peak value in experimental group (1. 24 ±0. 15) and control group (5. 69 ± 1. 32) on the 3rd day. IL-10 expression was declined gradually from the 5th to 11th days. The expression level of IL-10 in experimental group was significantly higher than in control group from the 3rd day to 11th days post-scalding (P＜0. 01). On the 3rd day, both IL-8 and IL-10 in experimental and control groups were expressed abundantly , and there was negative relationship between them (r = - 0. 862, P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion Aerosol bioelectricity can indicate active cells proliferation through down-regulating the expression of IL-8 and up-regulating the expression of IL-10, accelerating burned wound healing.     

家犬梗阻型胆道损伤外科修复时机的探讨

目的 探讨实验性梗阻性胆道损伤后手术修复的时机.方法 将60只健康家犬制成梗阻性胆管损伤的动物模型,随机分为5组(n=12),分别为梗阻5 d,梗阻10 d,梗阻15 d、梗阻20 d和梗阻30 d组,对照组为模型建立之前的正常犬.动态观察梗阻损伤后不同时间段的胆管形态学、局部组织病理学及肝脏功能变化指标,并于各组获得组织标本后即刻行胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合修复胆道,观察胆道梗阻性损伤修复术后犬并发症及生存情况.数据采用单因素方差分析进行分析.结果 胆管梗阻性损伤后,近端梗阻胆管持续扩张,第10天达(15.6±1.7)mm;损伤胆管局部组织出现急性炎症反应,以梗阻5 d时最严重(HE染色、WBC计数54±6个),梗阻第15天时炎症消退明显(HE染色、WBC计数42±7 vs 54±6个,P＜0.05),同时胆管壁由早期(第5天)的炎性水肿样增厚,改变成纤维增生性增厚(第15天);在梗阻性黄疸状态下肝功能发生规律性生理改变,血清TBIL、DBIL和ALP值在阻塞5 d组最高,至梗阻30 d时急剧上升(P＜0.05);而酶学指标ALT和AST在迅速升高后,在梗阻20 d后下降(P＜0.05),表现为"胆酶分离"现象;其中57只犬成功经受胆道修复手术,10只犬术后10 d内因胆漏死亡,其中损伤10 d内修复的胆漏7只,损伤10 d后修复的胆漏3只(P=0.025),术后观察发现,梗阻性损伤后3个月内营养及脏器衰竭死亡13例,其中梗阻5 d和梗阻10 d组各1例,梗阻15 d和20 d组各2例,梗阻30 d组7例(P＜0.05).结论 胆道梗阻后10～20 d机体处于代偿期,且炎性水肿减轻明显,手术操作难度较小,此时行手术修复,胆漏发生率和器官衰竭率较低,手术容易获得良好效果.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the optimal timing of operation for experimental obstructive jaundice in a dog model. Method A dog model of bile duct stricture (BDS) was established. Dogs were divided into (n = 12 in each group) 6 groups, ie control, BDS days 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30. In each dog,the morphology and local histopathology of the bile duct, and the liver function in different periods were observed. At the time of surgery biopsy was taken and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy performed. Surgical complications and survival were evaluated. Result After bile duct obstruction, the proximal bile duct dilated continuously. The diameter of bile duct was 15.6 ± 1.7 mm at the 10th day. The injury bile ductshowed the acute inflammation change. In the early time (in 10 days), inflammatory cells increased in the tissues, mucous edema aggravated, the wall was edematous thickening, it was most severe ( WBC counting 54 ±6) in the 5th day. In the later period (10 -30 days), inflammatory cells reduced, bile duct wall became fibrosis, which was most obvious in the 15th day (42 ± 7 vs 54 ± 6, P ＜ 0.05 ). During the development of jaundice, serum bilirubin reached the highest level in the early period ( BDS days 5 group),then presented a platform time, and then rised extremely at the last stage of the experiment ( BDS day 30 group) . Changes of ALT and AST paralleled that of bilirubin before the 20th day of obstruction and then plummeted. BDS was repaired successfully in 57 dogs. Ten dogs died postoperatively due to bile leakage within 10 days, 3 dogs in BDS days 5 group (3/11), 4 in BDS days 10 group (4/12), one each in other groups. Postoperatively 13 BDS dogs died of malnutrition and organ failure within 3 months, including one each in days 5 and days 10 group, two each in days 15 and days 20 group, and 7 in days 30 group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Considering the changes of morphology, physical function and result of follow up.The period between 10 and 20 days after acute bile duct injury is optimal for surgical repair.     

Linagliptin alleviates fatty liver disease in diabetic db/db mice

AIM To study the effects of linagliptin on the structural signs of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in db/db mice. METHODS Male diabetic db /db mice(BKS.Cg-Dock7m+/+Leprdb/J) aged 10 wk received the dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4) inhibitor linagliptin(10 mg/kg) or saline as a placebo once per day by gavage for 8 wk. Intact db/db mice served as controls. Structural changes in the liver were analyzed from light and electron microscopic images of sections from intact, placebo-treated and linagliptin-treated animals. We estimated the changes in hepatocytes, sinusoidal cells, liver microvasculature and lymphatic roots. Hepatic staining for lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1(LYVE-1) was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In 18-wk-old diabetic mice, liver steatosis(predominantly microvesicular and mediovesicular steatosis) was accompanied by dilation of the roots of the lymphatic system, interlobular blood vessels and bile canaliculi. Compared to saline-treated mice, linagliptin-treated mice exhibited a reduction in the mean numeral densities of hepatocytes with lipid droplets(92.4% ± 1.7% vs 64.9% ± 5.8% per field of view, P = 0.0002) and a lower proportion of hepatocytes with a high density of lipid droplets(20.7% ± 3.6% vs 50.4% ± 3.1%, P = 0.0007). We observed heterogeneous hepatocytes and relatively preserved cell structures in the linagliptin group. Dilation of blood and lymphatic vessels, as well as ultrastructural changes in the hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, were alleviated by linagliptin treatment. In intact and placebo-treated mice, immunohistochemical staining for LYVE-1 was observed in the endothelial cells of interlobular lymphatic vessels and on the membranes of some endothelial sinusoidal cells. We observed an enlarged LYVE-1 reaction area in linagliptin-treated mice compared to intact and placebo-treated mice. The improvement in the structural parameters of the liver in linagliptin-treated mice was independent to changes in the plasma glucose levels. CONCLUSION The DPP4 inhibitor linagliptin alleviates liver steatosis and structural changes in the hepatic microvasculature and lymphatic roots in a model of NAFLD in diabetic db/db mice.     

金属硫蛋白对皮瓣存活及细胞凋亡基因的影响

目的 观察金属硫蛋白(MT)对细胞凋亡基因及皮瓣存活影响.方法 大鼠背部形成随意皮瓣,实验组予以MT,对照组予以生理盐水,术后10 d测皮瓣存活率,术后3 d行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色光镜检查,激光多普勒测血运,术后3 d测皮瓣细胞凋亡基因bcl-2、bax蛋白.结果 MT组皮瓣的存活率(69.88±3.12)%高于对照组(60.65±2.98)%(P＜0.01).MT组中性粒细胞较多,激光多普勒血流量相对值(LDF值)下降少(P＜0.01).bcl-2蛋白表达MT组(2.98±0.23)较对照组(1.24±0.11)高(P＜0.01).bax蛋白(0.09±0.02)较对照组(0.23±0.09)低(P＜0.01).结论 皮瓣术后MT促进bcl-2,抑制bax,从而提高皮瓣存活率.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate whether metallothionein (MT) influences necrosis and expression of bcl-2 and bax in random pattern skin flaps of rats. Methods After flap operation, the rats in MT group were injected with MT, and those in control group received an injection of drug-free saline. Survival rate of the flaps was measured and the changes in the tissue were observed under the light microscopy.By using Doppler, the blood flow of flap was measured. The expression of bcl-2 and bax was detected. Results The survival area in MT group (69. 88 ±3. 12)% was significantly greater (P＜0.01) than that in control group (60. 65 ± 2. 98) %. There were more inflammatory cells in control group than in MT group.LDF in MT group was significiently higher than that in control group (P ＜0.01 ) 1st h, 2nd h, 3rd h, 6th h,1 st day, 3rd day, 6th and 7th day postoperation and at the 10th day postoperation (P ＜ 0. 05 ). At the 3rd day postoperation, the expression of bcl-2 in MT group (2.98 ± 0. 23 ) was significantly higher than that in control group ( 1.24 ± 0. 11 ) ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The expression of bax in MT group ( 0. 09 ± 0. 02 ) was significantly lower than that in control group (0. 23 ± 0. 09) ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion MT can affect the expression of bcl-2 and bax and significantly promote survival of skin flap.     

荷负电气溶胶治疗对大鼠烫伤创面白细胞介素-8、10表达的影响及意义

Objective To discuss the influence of aerosol bioelectricity on the expression of interleukin (IL) -8 and IL-10 in wound healing of burned rats. Methods The deep Ⅱ degree scalding models were established in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n1 =20) and control group (n2 =20). The rats in experimental group were treated with aerosol bioelectricity.Samples were collected at the first to eleventh day post-scalding. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods were conducted to examine the expression of IL-8 and IL-10 in both experimental and control groups. Results The average wound healing time in experimental group was 7. 00 ± 1. 15 days, and that in control group was 9. 00 ± 1. 34 days. IL-8 and IL-10 were observed mainly in polylmorphonuclear and mononuclear cells in both experimental and control groups on the 1 st day. On the third day, fibroblasts abounded, IL-8 expression was increased evidently and reached a peak. The peak value (6. 73 ± 1. 36) in experimental group was lower significantly than that in control group ( 2. 85 ± 0. 72, P ＜ 0. 01). From the 5th to 11th day, IL-8 expression was declined rapidly. IL-10 was expressed in keratode cells and had the peak value in experimental group (1. 24 ±0. 15) and control group (5. 69 ± 1. 32) on the 3rd day. IL-10 expression was declined gradually from the 5th to 11th days. The expression level of IL-10 in experimental group was significantly higher than in control group from the 3rd day to 11th days post-scalding (P＜0. 01). On the 3rd day, both IL-8 and IL-10 in experimental and control groups were expressed abundantly , and there was negative relationship between them (r = - 0. 862, P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion Aerosol bioelectricity can indicate active cells proliferation through down-regulating the expression of IL-8 and up-regulating the expression of IL-10, accelerating burned wound healing.     

男性肝移植受者血清性激素水平及性功能的研究

目的 探讨男性肝移植受者术后血清性激素恢复过程及性生活质量.方法 采集69例原发病为良性肝病的已婚男性肝脏移植受者移植前后1～6个月血清标本,采用放射免疫法分析测定血清睾酮、雌二醇,采用酶联免疫吸附法性激素结合球蛋白的浓度,选择同期本院健康已婚体检男性23例为健康对照组.随访研究组69例肝移植术后存活半年以上的24～45岁患者的性功能状态.结果 患者肝移植术前血清雌二醇和性激素结合球蛋白明显高于健康对照组(雌二醇:87.56±31.21 vs.26.00±9.12,u=9.30,P＜0.0001,性激素结合球蛋白:134.50±30.68 vs.51.04±12.05,u=12.69,P＜O.0001)；睾酮明显低于健康对照组(睾酮:2.02±1.28 vs.4.82±1.48,u=-8.73,P＜0.0001)；与患者术前终末期肝病模型评分(model for end-stage liver disease,MELD)相关(分别r =0.80,r=-0.77,r =0.72,均P＜0.0001),术后2周时血清雌二醇与健康对照组相比差异无统计学意义,术后1个月时血清睾酮和性激素结合球蛋白与健康对照组相比差异无统计学意义.结论 男性肝移植术后1个月内血清雌二醇、血清睾酮和性激素结合球蛋白水平恢复正常,术后半年时性功能得到明显改善.     

后腹腔镜与开放肾蒂淋巴管结扎术治疗乳糜尿疗效分析

目的：评价后腹腔镜肾蒂淋巴管结扎术治疗乳糜尿的临床价值。方法：回顾分析后腹腔镜肾蒂淋巴管结扎术治疗乳糜尿18例（A组）及开放组20例（B组）的临床资料。结果：手术操作时间分别为A组（76±31）min、B组（113±26）min;手术中出血量A组（25±29）ml、B组（190±76）ml;术后肠功能恢复时间A组（33±9）h、B组（69±14）h;术后下床活动时间A组（39±8）h、B组（74±12）h;术后住院天数A组（6．7±2．5）天、B组（12．4±4．1）天;住院总天数A组（14．8±4．7）天、B组（23．9±6．4）天;A组并发症方面明显少于B组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;手术治疗费用A组（7582±1952）元、B组（3044±1015）元;B组在手术治疗费用方面少于A组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论：后腹腔镜肾蒂淋巴管结扎术治疗乳糜尿借助腹腔镜的放大作用,可清楚辨认肾门处的淋巴管,使淋巴管结扎更完全,具有仓0伤小、出血量少,术后卧床和住院时间短、无明显的并发症、恢复快、术后无复发等优点。但应严格掌握手术适应证,积极做好围手术期处理。     

胰岛素强化治疗对胃癌根治术患者静息能量代谢的影响

目的 观察胰岛素强化治疗对胃癌根治术患者静息能量代谢的影响.方法 选取2010年1月至10月拟接受胃癌根治术的胃中、下部癌患者64例,随机分为胰岛素强化治疗组和非胰岛素强化治疗组,使手术后血糖分别控制在4.4～6.1 mmol/L和4.4～10.0 mmol/L,应用间接能量测定仪监测术前和术后第1、3、7天的静息能量消耗(REE)、呼吸商(RQ)、每千克静息能量消耗(REE/kg)和脂肪氧化供能比例的变化;测定空腹血中葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度评价胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMAIR)的改变.结果 与术前相比,两组术后第1、3天的REE、REE/kg、脂肪氧化供能比例、Ln-HOMAIR水平明显增加(P＜0.05);RQ明显下降(P＜0.05).与非胰岛素强化治疗组相比,胰岛素强化治疗明显降低术后第1、3天的REE/kg水平[(27.2±1.3)kcal/kg比(30.0±1.5)kcal/kg,P=0.008;(24.7±1.4)kcal/kg比(25.7±1.6)kcal/kg,P=0.013],降低术后第1、3天的Ln-HOMA-IR分数水平(P=0.019,0.028)和降低术后第1、3天的C反应蛋白的水平(P=0.017,0.006).胰岛素强化治疗组术后总蛋白和白蛋白水平明显高于非强化治疗组(P=0.023,0.009).结论 胰岛素强化治疗具有降低术后静息能量消耗、减少蛋白质消耗和降低胰岛素抵抗的作用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effect of intensive insulin therapy on resting energy expenditure in postoperative patients underwent radical distal gastrectomy. Methods Sixty-four patients with gastric neoplasms in the middle or lower part of stomach from January to October 2010 were enrolled and underwent radical distal gastrectomy,then were randomized to intensive insulin therapy(ITT) group to keep glucose levels from 4.4 to 6.1 mmol/L or conventional insulin therapy(CIT) group to keep levels from 4.4 to 10.0 mmol/L. Resting energy expenditure (REE) ,respiratory quotient (RQ) ,resting energy expenditure per kilogram(REE/kg) and lipid oxidation ratio (LOR) were monitored by indirect energy metabolic system on preoperative and postoperative 1st, 3rd and 7th day. Fasting blood glucose and insulin concentration were measured for HOMA-IR assessment. Results Compared with preoperative baseline, postoperative REE,REE/kg,LOR,Ln-HOMA-IR increased dramatically(P ＜0.05, respectively). RQ decreased markedly(P ＜0.05). Compared with group CIT,IIT reduced the REE/kg level [(27.2 ± 1.3) kcal/kg vs. (30.0 ± 1.5)kcal/kg,P =0.008;(24.7 ±1.4) vs. (25.7 ± 1.6)kcal/kg,P =0.013]; and decreased the Ln-HOMA-IR score (P = 0.019 and 0.028) on postoperative 1st and 3rd day; IIT could decrease obviously the level of C-reaction protein level on postoperative 1st and 3rd day (P = 0.017,0.006). The total protein and albumin concentration in IIT group were more than its levels in group CIT(P = 0.023,0.009). Conclusion There are some benefits of IIT in reducing mean energy expenditure and the consumption of proteins, decreasing postoperative insulin resistance level in this small population underwent radical distal gastrectomy.     

大鼠慢性皮肤溃疡创面愈合中转化生长因子-β1、胶原Ⅰ、胶原Ⅲ的蛋白表达

目的 观察大鼠慢性皮肤溃疡创面愈合过程中转化生长因子-β1( TGF-β1)、胶原Ⅰ和胶原Ⅲ的蛋白表达。方法 将24只8周龄雌性Wister大鼠分为单纯创面组(A组)和皮瓣+创面组即缺血模型组(B组),每组各12只;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察创面1、3、7、10d上皮化率、收缩率及中性粒细胞;采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法测定创面1、3、7、10 d TGF-β1、Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原的蛋白表达。结果 A组上皮化率在各个时间段均高于B组,且在第7天差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。A组收缩率明显低于B组。A组中性粒细胞第1、3天逐渐增加,第3天增加到最多,随后逐渐减少;B组在1、3、7d出现增加趋势,第7天增加到最多,第10天减少。TGF-31含量A组于术后1、3、7、10d呈曲线上升趋势,B组在术后1、3、7d逐渐减低,10 d较7d略有回升,且在第1天两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。胶原Ⅰ蛋白的含量两组随着术后时间的延长均呈减少趋势,在第10天两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。胶原Ⅲ蛋白的含量两组随术后时间的延长也呈减少的趋势,但在第3天A组比B组明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 在缺血的干预因素作用下TGF-β1、Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达的减少可能延迟了慢性创伤的正常愈合。     

脱细胞异体真皮基质治疗肛瘘的愈合机制研究

目的应用脱细胞异体真皮基质（ADM）治疗动物模型肛瘘,探讨ADM治疗肛瘘的愈合机制。方法建立长白猪肛瘘动物模型（14头）,应用ADM填塞治疗。ADM治疗后12h、24h、72h、7d、14d、28d和60d分别取肛瘘治疗标本（每组2头）行苏木精-伊红染色及免疫组织化学染色检查肛瘘组织恢复情况。结果术后12hADM边缘可见炎性细胞浸润．并可见成纤维细胞长入。术后7d浸润细胞密度较术后12h显著升高（998．7±128．0比218．2±58．2,P〈0．01）：术后7～28d．密度逐渐下降。术后7d,在ADM边缘可见成熟新生血管和肌成纤维细胞;术后14d血管密度（30．5±5．2）较术后7d（11．2±3．3）增加（P〈0．01）,肌成纤维细胞的密度也较术后7d增加（6．8±0．4比3．8±0．8,P〈0．01）。术后60d可见规则排列的肌肉组织长入。结论脱细胞异体真皮基质植人体内后的血管化和被宿主细胞的再塑形可能在肛瘘愈合中起重要作用。ADM可成功用于治疗动物模型肛瘘．并可能进一步用于其他慢性感染创面的治疗。     

甲状腺术中甲状旁腺原位损伤类型对甲状旁腺功能的影响

目的 通过模拟甲状腺全切除术中甲状旁腺不同类型的原位损伤情况建立动物模型,研究不同程度的甲状旁腺原位损伤对术后甲状旁腺功能恢复的影响.方法 以实验家兔为研究对象,随机分为A、B、C、D四组,每组8只,A组(假手术组):单纯暴露、探查甲状腺、甲状旁腺;B组(血供损伤组):双侧甲状腺全切除+双侧下甲状旁腺血供损伤保留被膜;C组(被膜损伤组)双侧甲状腺全切除+双侧下甲状旁腺被膜损伤保留血供;D组(复合损伤组)双侧甲状旁腺全切除+双侧下甲状旁腺被膜及血供的复合损伤.术前1d,术后第1天、第3天、第5天、第7天监测血钙、血PTH,术后第7天切取双侧下甲状旁腺行苏木精-伊红染色,观察甲状旁腺组织的存活及病理损害.结果 (1)各组动物术前血钙、血PTH差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);(2)A组术后血钙下降,但在第5天恢复至术前水平(P＞0.05);B、C组术后血钙明显下降(P＜0.05),以术后第1天最低,逐渐恢复,但C组恢复较B组快(P＜0.05);D组术后血钙持续下降;(3)A组术后血PTH下降,但在第7天恢复至术前水平(P＞0.05);B、C组术后血PTH明显下降(P＜0.05),以术后1d最低,逐渐恢复,但3d后C组恢复较B组快(P＜0.05);D组术后血PTH持续下降;(4)病理结果:A组甲状旁腺以主细胞为主,少量空泡性改变(5％～10％);B组甲状旁腺出血、坏死(40％ ～50％),部分细胞空泡变性(30％ ～ 40％),中心伴纤维化,周边可见炎性肉芽肿及增生的甲状旁腺组织;C组甲状旁腺出血(10％ ～20％),部分细胞空泡变性(10％ ～ 20％);D组甲状旁腺坏死,几乎无正常甲状旁腺组织,明显纤维化,残存的甲状旁腺组织较少呈散在分布.结论 (1)甲状腺术中甲状旁腺原位损伤的类型影响术后甲状旁腺功能的恢复,其中甲状旁腺血供和被膜的复合损伤最严重,甲状旁腺缺血坏死,功能不能恢复;单纯血供损伤,部分能恢复功能;带血管蒂的甲状旁腺原位保留能较快的恢复功能;(2)对于甲状腺术中严重血供及被膜损伤,甚至游离的甲状旁腺应立即自体移植.     

胸大肌肌瓣转移术预防乳腺癌术后淋巴漏的临床研究

目的探讨胸大肌肌瓣转移术对乳腺癌改良根治术后淋巴漏的预防效果。方法乳腺癌患者75例,将75例患者分成两组,实验组35例,行乳腺癌改良根治术+胸大肌肌瓣转移术;对照组40例,单纯行乳腺癌改良根治术。观察两组患者术后第1、2、3天引流量、拔管时间、皮下积液情况,并进行比较。结果实验组术后第1、2、3天引流量分别为(129.82±11.46)ml、(89.94±9.73)ml和(30.82±10.56)ml,对照组分别为(179.47±24.23)ml、(130.82±10.56)m和(87.82±8.44)n1;实验组术后拔管时间为(6.47±1.62)天,对照组为(9.41±1.91)天;实验组皮下积液发生率为2.85%,对照组为17.5%,两组3种指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论乳腺癌改良根治术后行胸大肌肌瓣转移可预防术后淋巴漏的发生。