甲氨蝶呤对人骨肉瘤MG-63细胞凋亡及28Livin和Caspase-3表达的影响

目的 观察甲氨蝶呤(MTx)对人骨肉瘤MG-63细胞凋亡及Livin和Caspase-3表达的影响.方法 体外培养骨肉瘤MG-63细胞株,用0、50、100、200和400μmol/L的MTX作用于骨肉瘤MG-63细胞24、48、72 h后,用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测骨肉瘤MG-63细胞的增殖活性,用流式细胞仪测细胞的凋亡率,用Western blot检测不同浓度MTX作用于骨肉瘤MG-63细胞24 h后各组细胞的Livin和Caspase-3蛋白表达水平.结果 随MTX浓度增加骨肉瘤MG-63细胞的增殖活性降低,同时细胞的凋亡率增加(P＜0.05),随MTX浓度增加各组细胞中Livin蛋白的表达降低,Caspase-3蛋白表达增加(P＜0.05).结论 MTX诱导人骨肉瘤MG-63细胞凋亡,其机制可能与下调Livin表达继而上调Caspase-3表达有关.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the effect of Methotrexate (MTX) on apoptosis and expression of Livin and Caspase-3 in human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63. Methods After treatment of MG-63 cells with MTX at different concentrations (0, 50, 100,200,400 μmol/L) for 24, 48 and 72 h, methyl thiazol tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to observe the growth inhibition of MG-63. The apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of Livin and Caspase-3 was detected by Western blotting. Results When MTX was added, growth inhibition and increased apoptosis of MG-63 cells were detected,which was showed in a dose- and time-dependent manner. MTX also down-regulated the level of the protein expression of Livin (P＜0.05), and elevated the protein expression of Caspase-3 (P＜0.05). Conclusion MTX can induce apoptosis of MG-63 cells, by down-regulating Livin expression and subsequently up-regulating Caspase-3 expression.     

二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷提高甲氨蝶呤对人骨肉瘤MG-63细胞增殖活性和凋亡的影响

目的 观察二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷(PDTC)和甲氨蝶呤(MTX)对人骨肉瘤MG-63细胞凋亡和Livin表达的影响.方法 体外培养骨肉瘤MG-63细胞株,用0、50、100、200和400μmol/L的PDTC和MTX作用于骨肉瘤MG-63细胞24、48和72 h后,用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测骨肉瘤MG-63细胞的增殖活性,用流式细胞仪测细胞的凋亡率,用Western blot检测各组细胞的Livin蛋白表达水平.结果 各组骨肉瘤MG-63细胞的增殖活性随着时间增加降低,同时细胞的凋亡率随着时间增加(P＜0.05),各组细胞中Livin蛋白的表达明显降低(P＜0.05).结论 PDTC能提高MTX对骨肉瘤MG-63细胞的凋亡,其机制可能与下调Livin表达,阻断了Livin介导的抗凋亡途径有关.

Abstract：

Objective To detect the effect of pyirolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and methotrexate (MTX) on apoptosis and expression of livin of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Methods MG-63 cells were cultured in vitro. At 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment of PDTC and MTX at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/L) , MTT assay was used to observe the growth inhibition of MG-63 cells. The apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of livin was detected by Westem blotting. Results When PDTC and MTX were added, growth inhibition and increased apoptosis of MG-63 cells were detected. The protein expression level of livin was down-regulated obviously ( P ＜0. 05). Conclusion PDTC can promote the apoptosis of MTX-treated MG-63 cells, which may be correlated with down-regulation of the livin expression.     

二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷提高甲氨蝶呤对人骨肉瘤MG-63细胞增殖活性和凋亡的影响

Objective To detect the effect of pyirolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and methotrexate (MTX) on apoptosis and expression of livin of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Methods MG-63 cells were cultured in vitro. At 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment of PDTC and MTX at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/L) , MTT assay was used to observe the growth inhibition of MG-63 cells. The apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of livin was detected by Westem blotting. Results When PDTC and MTX were added, growth inhibition and increased apoptosis of MG-63 cells were detected. The protein expression level of livin was down-regulated obviously ( P ＜0. 05). Conclusion PDTC can promote the apoptosis of MTX-treated MG-63 cells, which may be correlated with down-regulation of the livin expression.     

百里醌对人骨肉瘤SaOS-2细胞生长的抑制作用

目的 探讨百里醌对体外人骨肉瘤SaOS-2细胞生长的影响及其机制.方法 百里醌作用人骨肉瘤SaOS-2细胞24h后,细胞计数CCK-8法检测细胞增殖;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡;DAPI染色后荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态学变化;Western blot检测SaOS-2细胞中Caspase-3、X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)和Smac的表达.结果 不同浓度(20、40、80μmol/L)百里醌作用人骨肉瘤SaOS-2细胞24h后,细胞存活率分别为(75.5±4.2)%、(62.1±6.7)%和(52.5±4.9)%;细胞早期凋亡率分别为(8.1±0.7)%、(13.2±1.1)%和(20.2±1.7)%;百里醌作用后,SaOS-2细胞出现典型凋亡的形态学改变;百里醌可明显上调Caspase-3和Smac在SaOS-2细胞中的表达,而显著抑制XIAP的表达.结论 百里醌具有抑制体外人骨肉瘤SaOS-2细胞生长和促进细胞凋亡的作用,可能是通过上调人骨肉瘤SaOS-2细胞中Caspase-3和Smac的表达和下调XIAP的表达而实现.

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Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of thymoquinone on the growth of human osteosarcoma cell line SaOS-2 in vitro.Methods After human osteosarcoma SaOS-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of thymoquinone, the proliferation was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The flowcytometry (FCM) was used to determine apoptosis of SaOS-2 cells. The morphological changes of SaOS-2 cells were observed under the fluorescence microscopy after DAPI staining. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of Caspase-3, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and Smac.Results Thymoquinone obviously suppressed proliferation of SaOS-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the apoptosis rate was (8.1±0.7)%, (13.2±1.1)% and (20.2±1.7)% respectively when the concentrations of thymoquinone exposed were 20, 40 and 80 μmol/L. After treatment with thymoquinone, the expression of Caspase-3 and Smac was up-regulated in SaOS-2 cells, and thymoquinone treatment significantly decreased the XIAP levels in SaOS-2 cells.Conclusion Thymoquinone has the anti-tumor effect on the human osteosarcoma SaOS-2 cells in vitroprobably by up-regulating the expression of Caspase-3 and Smac and down-regulating the expression of XIAP.     

miR-17-92基因簇对骨肉瘤细胞增殖侵袭的影响

[目的]探究miR-17-92基因簇对骨肉瘤（osteosarcoma, OS）细胞增殖、侵袭的影响及可能机制。[方法] qRTPCR检测OS细胞MG-63转染前（MG-63细胞）、人成骨细胞hFOB1.19 (hFOB细胞)中的miR-17-92基因簇水平。分别对MG-63细胞行miR-17-92基因簇模拟物组转染（miR-17-92组）与阴性对照转染（miR-NC组）,比较两组miR-17-92基因簇水平、细胞增殖水平及侵袭能力,及转染后MG-63细胞转化生长因子-β1 (transforming growth factor beta 1, TGF-β1)、Smad3、基质金属蛋白酶（matrix metalloproteinase, MMP）-2、MMP-9蛋白水平。[结果] MG-63细胞的miR-17 [(4.1±1.0) vs (1.2±0.3),P<0.05]、miR-18a [(2.3±0.5) vs (1.4±0.5), P<0.05]、miR-19a [(2.0±0.4) vs (1.3±0.4), P<0.05]、miR-19b [(2.1±0....     

微小染色体维持蛋白5在骨肉瘤中的表达和意义

目的 探讨微小染色体维持蛋白5(MCM5)在骨肉瘤中的表达特征和预后价值.方法 用免疫组织化学二步法检测MCM5和细胞核相关抗原(Ki-67)在76例骨肉瘤和32例骨软骨瘤、24例正常骨组织中的表达,探讨其表达水平与临床病理特征的相关性,分析MCM5蛋白表达在骨肉瘤中的预后价值.结果 MCM5和Ki-67在76例骨肉瘤组织中均有表达,在骨软骨瘤和正常骨组织中不表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);MCM5阳性率与骨肉瘤等级相关(r=0.756,P<0.01),与有丝分裂计数相关(r=0.643,P<0.01),与其他临床病理参数无明显相关;MCM5与Ki-67阳性率正相关(r=0.725,P<0.01),但显著高于后者(P<0.01);MCM5高表达组(>62%)与低表达组(≤62%)生存时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),MCM5阳性率与骨肉瘤预后相关.结论 MCM5能反映骨肉瘤的恶性程度,MCM5阳性率越高,骨肉瘤的恶性程度越高;MCM5比Ki-67能检测出更多的骨肉瘤增殖细胞.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the expression and prognostic role of minichromosome maintenance 5 (MCM5) protein in ostersarcoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of MCM5 and nuclear-associated antigen (Ki-67) in 76 cases of osteosarcoma, 32 cases of osteochondroma and 24 cases of normal bone tissue. The association of the MCM5 expression with clinicopathologic features and the potential value of MCM5 in predicting clinical outcome for patients with osteosarcoma were also investigated.Results All cases of osteosarcoma showed positive nuclear expression of MCM5 and Ki-67, but there was negative expression in osteochondroma and normal bone tissues (P<0.01). The MCM5 expression had a positive correlations with the histologic grade (r=0.756,P<0.01) and the mitotic index (r=0.643,P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the MCM5 and Ki-67 expression in osteosarcoma (r=0.725,P<0.01), and the positive expression rate of MCM5 was significantly higher than that of Ki-67 (P<0.01). The patients with high MCM5 expression rate (>62%) demonstrated shorter overall survival than those with low MCM5 expression rate (≤62%,P<0.05). COX regression analysis indicated that the MCM5 expression was a prognostic factor for osteosarcoma.Conclusion The MCM5 expression can reflect the degree of malignancy of osteosarcoma. MCM5 has identified a higher percentage of cells in cycle in osteosarcoma than Ki-67.     

骨肉瘤患者血清中整合素α2β1的表达水平

目的 检测骨肉瘤患者血清中整合素α2β1的表达,探讨其与骨肉瘤生物学行为的关系及在治疗前后和肺转移时的变化.方法 应用酶联免疫吸附技术检测43例骨肉瘤患者(病例组)术前及术后、化疗前及化疗后血清整合素α2β1含量,男28例,女15例;年龄8～47岁,平均(18.42±9.10)岁;骨母细胞型24例,纤维母细胞型9例,软骨母细胞型7例,其他3例;EnnekingⅡA期13例,ⅡB期26例,Ⅲ期4例;其中22例患者接受新辅助化疗.26例志愿者为正常对照组,男16例,女10例;年龄18～32岁,平均(23.54±3.82)岁.病例组分别根据肿瘤大小、原发部位、临床分期、组织学分型以及转移情况进行分组,比较各组血清中整合素α2β1表达的差异.结果 病例组患者术前血清整合素α2β1为(2.44±0.89)μg/L,显著高于对照组(1.85±0.43)μg/L.术前表达水平与骨肉瘤Enneking临床分期、肿瘤大小和远处转移存在相关性,而与肿瘤原发部位及Dahlin组织学分型无关.骨肉瘤保肢术后患者整合素α2β1的血清浓度降低.接受新辅助化疗的患者化疗前后血清中整合素α2β1表达水平的差异具有统计学意义.结论 整合素α2β1的表达与骨肉瘤的发生、发展、转移呈正相关,可能成为一项新的诊断及评估骨肉瘤预后的生物学指标.

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Objective To evaluate the expression of Integrin α2β1 in serum of osteosarcoma patients and to investigate the effect of Integrin α2β1 on metastasis of osteosarcoma. Methods Sandwich enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was applied to test Integrin α2β1 in serum of 26 healthy controls (male 16, female 10; age 18-32, average age 23.54±3.82) and 43 osteosarcoma patients (male 28, female 15;age 8-47,average age 18.42±9.10)before and after the surgery and the chemotherapy. The patients included osteoprogenitor cells type in 24 cases, fibroblast type in 9 cases, chondroblast type in 7 cases, and other types in 3cases; with Enneking stage ⅡA in 13 cases, stage ⅡB in 26 cases, stage Ⅲ in 4 cases. Among them, 22 patients receive the neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. After that, we compared the data of different groups. At the same time, in accordance with tumor size, position, clinical stage, histology grade and metastasis situation to categorize groups compared among the groups of serum Integrin α2β1 differences in order to explore its relationship with patients' prognosis and metastasis. Results The Integrin α2β1 of osteosarcoma patients in blood before the surgery was expressed highly. It was significantly higher than the control group. The expression before surgery had significant correlation with osteosarcoma Enneking clinical stages, tumor size and metastasis. And it was independent of tumor position and Dahlin histology grade. The expression of Integrin α2β1 in blood of the osteosarcoma patients after limb salvage surgery decreased significantly. And the expression of Integrin α2β1 in blood of patients receiving new adjuvant chemotherapy was significant differences before and after the chemotherapy. Conclusion The expression of Integrin α2β1 has positive correlation with the occurrence, development and metastasis of the osteosarcoma. It is probably a new biological indicator for diagnosis and estimating prognosis of osteosarcoma. Simultaneously surgery and new adjuvant chemotherapy are still effective methods to treat osteosarcoma.     

体内逆转录病毒介导的sFlt-1抑制小鼠骨肉瘤生长的实验研究

目的 调查逆转录病毒介导的sFlt-1基因针对高血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的人骨肉瘤G-292细胞进行体外转导的效率,并构建重度联合免疫缺陷(SCID)小鼠的骨肉瘤模型,评估sFlt-1转基因治疗对于骨肉瘤生长的抑制作用.方法 2010年3月至2010年10月应用逆转录病毒介导的sFlt-1基因(sFlt-1转导组,n=10)和LacZ基因(LacZ转导组,n=10)体外转染人骨肉瘤G-292细胞(G-292组,n=10),种植到重度联合免疫缺陷小鼠胫骨近端,建立骨肉瘤动物模型.应用显微CT监测骨肉瘤的生长发育,8周后取出骨肉瘤标本进行组织学以及分子生物学分析.结果 酶联免疫吸附试验测定证实sFlt-1基因转导成功.细胞种植后2周时所有小鼠胫骨近端均出现了骨肉瘤的发生、发育,sFlt-1转导组骨肉瘤体积小于G-292组和LacZ转导组,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);在细胞种植后4、6、8周时,sFlt-1转导组骨肉瘤体积明显小于G-292组和LacZ转导组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).组织学表现显示了典型的骨肉瘤特征,包括重度的细胞多型现象、骨质破坏和新生血管形成.实时定量PCR测定结果显示sFlt-1转导组的sFlt-1基因相对定量表达为(4.6±1.3)倍,高于其他两组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 逆转录病毒介导的sFlt-1基因抑制了小鼠骨肉瘤的生长.

Abstract：

Objective To examine the influence of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) in controlling the growth of an experimental osteosarcoma in mice by performing retrovirus-mediated sFlt-1 gene modification.Methods From March to October 2010 human osteosarcoma G-292 cells were in vitro infected with retroviral vectors encoding soluble Flt-1 or LacZ gene before transplanted into proximal tibiae of immune deficient SCID mice to establish experimental orthotopic osteosarcoma. Daily observation and biweekly microCT were performed to monitor tumor development and progression till sacrifice at 8 weeks after tumor cell inoculation for histological and molecular analyses. Results Successful transgene expression was confirmed in the culture media of sFlt-1 transduced G-292 cells using ELISA, and with positive X-gal staining of the LacZ transduced cells. Noteworthy tumors were grown in all mice on the tibiae receiving G-292 cell inoculation, with clear detection on microCT images starting 2 weeks after inoculation.Over the time period, tumors derived from sFlt-1 transduced G-292 cells were distinctively smaller in size compared to the ones from wide-type G-292 and G-292-LacZ cells.Histology showed typical osteosarcoma characteristics including severe cellular pleomorphism, bone erosions, and neo-vascularization.Real-time polymerase chain reaction indicated significantly higher sFlt-1 expression in sFlt-1 transduced groups than the wild-type G-292or LacZ treated groups.Strong expression of oncogenes c-myc and c-fos were also obvious, along with the expression of VEGF in the primary tumor tissue. Conclusion Retrovirus-mediated sFLT-1 gene modification decelerates the osteosarcoma tumor growth in this murine model.     

Slug在胰腺癌中的表达及干扰Slug对胰腺癌转移的影响

目的 探讨Slug和E-CADHERIN(E-cadherin)表达与胰腺癌转移的关系以及干扰Slug转录因子对胰腺癌转移的影响.方法 采用免疫组化和RT-PCR技术分别检测36例胰腺癌组织中Slug、E-cadherin和mRNA表达.将肝脏高转移潜能的胰腺癌细胞株SW1990H4,分为3组:对照组、空载体质粒(shRNA-1)和转染干扰S1ug质粒(Slug-shRNA-1),观察Slug对E-cadherin mRNA表达的逆转作用,及对SW1990H4体外侵袭、运动的抑制作用.结果 胰腺癌组织中Slug高表达,而E-cadherin低表达.转移组胰腺癌组织中Slug蛋白和mRNA表达明显高于非转移组,差异分别有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而E-cadherin在转移组胰腺癌中无表达.PCR产物凝胶电泳结果显示,Slug mRNA在空白对照组SW1990H4中表达为0.985±0.016,E-cadherin mRNA表达为0.120±0.001.shRNA-1时转染48 h时,Slug mRNA的表达水平为0.973±0.014,E-cadherin mRNA表达水平分别0.160±0.001,与对照组比差异分别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).转染Slug-shRNA-1组瞬时转染48 h时,Slug mRNA的表达水平为0.554±0.011,E-cadherin mRNA表达水平为0.36±0.002,与对照组和shRNA-1组比差异分别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).SW1990H4稳定转染后,shRNA-1和Slug-shRNA-1组Slug mRNA表达水平分别为0.968±0.015,0.206±0.017,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而E-cadherin mRNA表达水平分别为0.18±0.002,0.727±0.006,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).体外细胞运动实验表明,对照组、转染shRNA-1和SlugshRNA-1组跨膜细胞数393±28、352±24、96±13,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).重组细胞基底膜(Matrige1)侵袭实验显示,3组穿透基底膜细胞数分别为223±69、202±64、65±19,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 Slug高表达,E-cadherin低表达与胰腺癌的转移相关.胰腺癌细胞中存在Slug mRNA与E-cadherin mRNA表达的逆转关系,抑制Slug mRNA的表达对胰腺癌细胞的侵袭和运动有抑制作用,可能为胰腺癌转移的基因治疗提供新的靶点.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate expression of slug and E-cadherin in pancreatic cancer tissues and determine the inhibitory effects of anti-Slug, an anti-sense plasmid, on the invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro. Methods Slug and E-cadherin protein and mRNA was analyzed by IHP and RT-PCR in 36 cases of pancreatic cancer. Then anti-Slug plasmid was transfected into herin and Slug expression. The inhibitory effects of anti-sense Slug were also detected by Transwell motility assay and Matrigel invasion assay. Results The expression of Slug and mRNA in metastatic pancreatic cancer tissue was higher than that in non-metastatic tissue. E-cadherin and mRNA was lower in metastasis tissues(P＜0.05). The inverse relationships were further observed by transient transfection of anti-Slug into SW1990H4 cells. The downregulated expression of Slug and re-expression of E-cadherin were found. The Slug mRNA levels were 0.985±0.016,0.973±0.014, 0. 554±0. 011 after 0, 48 h of transfection of anti-sense Slug, and that of E-cadherin were 0.120±0.001, 0.360±0.002, 0. 727±0. 006, respectively. The diference was significant between different time points (P＜0.05). The Slug mRNA levels were 0. 206±0.017, 0.968±0.015, and that of E-cadherin were 0. 18±0.002,0.727±0.006 after stable transfection of anti-sense Slug, and control plasmid, respectively. The diference was significant (P＜0.05). The motility activity(393±28, 352±24, 96 ±13 )and the invasion activity (223 ± 69, 202 ± 64, 65 ±19) of1 antisense Slug transfectant cells were significantly decreased as compared with those of control cells (P＜0.05). Conclusions Higher expression of slug and lower expression of E-cadherin is related to the invasion and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. A reverse corelation of E-cadherin and Slug expression exists in pancreatic cancer. Slug is possibly a potential target for cancer gene therapy blocking invasion and metastasis in human pancreatic cancer.     

Effects of aromatase inhibitors on human osteoblast and osteoblast-like cells: a possible androgenic bone protective effects induced by exemestane

Effects of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) on the human skeletal system due to systemic estrogen depletion are becoming clinically important due to their increasing use as an adjuvant therapy in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. However, possible effects of AIs on human bone cells have remained largely unknown. We therefore studied effects of AIs including the steroidal AI, exemestane (EXE), and non-steroidal AIs, Aromatase Inhibitor I (AI-I) and aminoglutethimide (AGM), on a human osteoblast. We employed a human osteoblast cell line, hFOB, which maintains relatively physiological status of estrogen and androgen pathways of human osteoblasts, i.e., expression of aromatase, androgen receptor (AR), and estrogen receptor (ER) beta. We also employed osteoblast-like cell lines, Saos-2 and MG-63 which expressed aromatase, AR, and ERalpha/beta in order to further evaluate the mechanisms of effects of AIs on osteoblasts. There was a significant increment in the number of the cells following 72 h treatment with EXE in hFOB and Saos-2 but not in MG-63, in which the level of AR mRNA was lower than that in hFOB and Saos-2. Alkaline phosphatase activity was also increased by EXE treatment in hFOB and Saos-2. Pretreatment with the AR blocker, flutamide, partially inhibited the effect of EXE. AI-I exerted no effects on osteoblast cell proliferation and AGM diminished the number of the cells. hFOB converted androstenedione into E2 and testosterone (TST). Both EXE and AI-I decreased E2 level and increased TST level. In a microarray analysis, gene profile patterns following treatment with EXE demonstrated similar patterns as with DHT but not with E2 treatment. The genes induced by EXE treatment were related to cell proliferation, differentiation which includes genes encoding cytoskeleton proteins. We also examined the expression levels of these genes using quantitative RT-PCR in hFOB and Saos-2 treated with EXE and DHT and with/without flutamide. HOXD11 gene known as bone morphogenesis factor and osteoblast growth-related genes were induced by EXE treatment as well as DHT treatment in both hFOB and Saos-2. These results indicated that the steroidal aromatase inhibitor, EXE, stimulated hFOB cell proliferation via both AR dependent and independent pathways.     

RecQ5表达与骨肉瘤组织恶性程度间的关系分析

目的分析RecQ5在不同组织和细胞上的表达差异,推断RecQ5与组织恶性程度间的关系。方法选取骨肉瘤标本共35例、癌旁组织标本20例及正常骨组织标本20例,通过免疫组织化学染色法检测不同组织中RecQ5的表达情况,并进一步分析其表达程度与骨肉瘤分期的关系;培养hFOB1.19、U2OS和MG-63细胞株,通过Real-timePCR和Westernblot法检测RecQ5的表达程度。结果RecQ5在人骨肉瘤组织中低表达。正常骨组织中,RecQ5的表达阳性率为100%(20/20),在癌旁组织中的表达阳性率为90%(18/20),而在骨肉瘤组织中,RecQ5表达阳性率为68.5%(24/35);正常骨组织、癌旁组织与骨肉瘤组织的RecQ5表达阳性率之间比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.004),但正常骨组织与癌旁组织之间的阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。RecQ5的表达强度随着组织恶性程度的不断增加而逐渐减弱,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且在骨肉瘤组织中,其也随着肿瘤分期增加而表达强度逐渐减弱(P<0.05)。RecQ5在人骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63和U2OS中mRNA和蛋白表达水平较正常人成骨细胞hFOB1.19中低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论RecQ5的表达水平与组织的恶性程度呈负相关,RecQ5的缺失与骨肉瘤的发生存在相关性。     

内源性硫化氢及其合成酶在人成骨肉瘤细胞中表达的研究

目的：观察硫化氢(H2S)及其合成酶胱硫醚?β?合成酶（CBS）、胱硫醚?γ?裂解酶（CSE）和3?巯基丙酮酸硫转移酶（MPST）在人成骨细胞株及人成骨肉瘤细胞系中的表达。方法我科于2013年6月至2014年12月运用免疫组化染色和蛋白质印迹方法在人永久性成骨细胞株hFOB1.19,成骨肉瘤细胞株Saos?2、MG?63和U?2 OS中分别检测CBS、CSE和MPST基因表达量、蛋白含量;通过敏感硫电极法检测H2S在正常成骨组织和骨肉瘤细胞中的含量。分别比较H2S及其合成酶在各组之间的差异,初步探讨H2S及其合成酶与不同成骨肉瘤细胞之间的关系。结果在成骨肉瘤标本和细胞中CBS、CSE和MPST基因的较高表达;成骨肉瘤组织与成骨细胞来源的正常和恶性肿瘤细胞CBS、CSE和MPST基因表达的蛋白水平以及H2S产生率不同,其中成骨肉瘤细胞株U?2 OS表达水平最高。结论内源性H2S及它的合成酶CBS、CSE和MPST存在于人恶性成骨肉瘤组织和细胞中,高水平的H2S及其生物合成物质或许能成为成骨肉瘤治疗的新靶点。     

过表达FOXO1对骨肉瘤细胞侵袭迁移能力的影响及机制研究

［摘要］ 目的 探讨FOXO1对骨肉瘤细胞侵袭迁移能力的影响及机制。方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT?PCR）的方法检测人正常成骨细胞hFOB 1.19和人骨肉瘤细胞U2OS、MNNG/HOS中FOXO1的mRNA表达水平。利用pcDNA3.1?FOXO1重组质粒建立FOXO1过表达的细胞模型,空载质粒（pcDNA3.1?vector）作为对照,qRT?PCR和蛋白质印迹法（Western blot）验证转染效率。确定成功过表达FOXO1基因后利用Cell Counting Kit?8（CCK?8）实验检测骨肉瘤细胞的增殖能力（吸光度值）,Transwell实验体外检测骨肉瘤细胞的侵袭和迁移能力,并采用qRT?PCR和western blot的方法检测基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP9）的表达变化。结果 人骨肉瘤细胞MNNG/HOS、U2OS中FOXO1的mRNA的表达水平显著低于人成骨细胞hFOB 1.19（P<0.05）,且骨肉瘤细胞U2OS的FOXO1的表达水平较低。重组质粒pcDNA3.1?FOXO1转染后,骨肉瘤细胞U2OS的FOXO1表达水平显著升高。与对照组（pcDNA3.1?vector）比较,U2OS?FOXO1过表达组的细胞的增殖能力降低（P<0.05）,侵袭迁移和迁移能力降低,MMP9较对照组表达水平明显降低（P<0.05）。结论 骨肉瘤细胞中FOXO1表达水平明显低于正常成骨细胞。过表达FOXO1可能通过下调MMP9抑制骨肉瘤细胞的侵袭和迁移能力。     

DFU对骨肉瘤细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响

目的 观察选择性环氧合酶-2抑制剂DFU对人骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63增殖和侵袭能力的影响及其对Ang-2基因表达的调控.方法 体外培养骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63,免疫荧光法检测Ang-2在MG-63细胞中的表达,应用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法和形态学检测研究不同浓度DFU对骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63的生长抑制作用,Boyden小室体外侵袭实验检测其对骨肉瘤细胞侵袭能力的影响,RT-PCR法分析DFU对骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63中Ang-2基因表达的影响.结果 免疫荧光染色结果显示Ang-2在骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63中呈阳性染色,MTT法和形态学检测提示DFU可抑制骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63的增殖,并具有剂量依赖性,在DFU浓度为200 μmol/L时,对细胞生长有明显的抑制作用.Boyden小室体外侵袭实验显示DFU可降低骨肉瘤细胞的侵袭能力,在DFU浓度为200 μmol/L时,作用最显著.逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分析显示经DFU作用后的骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63表达Ang-2较用药前明显下降.结论 DFU对骨肉瘤细胞株MG-63的增殖有抑制作用,其可能通过抑制Ang-2的表达,降低其侵袭能力.     

Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-14 in osteosarcoma cells by clodronate

BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonates reduce the bone metastasis formation and angiogenesis but the exact molecular mechanisms involved are unclear. Progelatinase A (proMMP-2; 78 KDa) is activated up during the tumor spread and metastasis by a cell surface-associated matrix metalloproteinase (membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase [MT1-MMP] or MMP-14). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated the effects of a bisphosphonate (clodronate) on MT1-MMP mRNA expression and protein production, catalytic activity and proteolytic activation of proMMP-2 by cultured human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. RESULTS: Clodronate, at therapeutically attainable noncytotoxic concentrations, dose-dependently inhibited phorbol myristic acetate (PMA)-induced proteolytic activation of proMMP-2 by human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. Clodronate also downregulated the PMA-induced expression of MT1-MMP mRNA and protein production in human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, as evidenced by Northern analysis and fluorescent immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, clodronate inhibited directly and dose-dependently MT1-MMP activity, and the MT1-MMP inhibition by clodronate was reduced in the presence of an increased (5 mM) Ca(2+) concentrations when compared to physiological (1 mM) Ca(2+) concentrations. CONCLUSION: We conclude that (1) the extracellular/cell-associated mechanism of bisphosphonate involves inhibition of MT1-MMP catalytic activity eventually by chelation, and that (2) intracellular mechanism involves downregulation of induced MT1-MMP mRNA and protein expression. The inhibition and downregulation of MT1-MMP by clodronate can be related to their ability to reduce MG-63 osteosarcoma cell invasion and spread. These findings may, at least in part, explain at molecular level the antitumor and antibone resorption activities of clodronate observed in clinical studies.     

利用RNAi技术稳定抑制ERβ表达的人成骨细胞株hFOB 1.19细胞模型的建立

目的:探讨利用RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)技术稳定抑制雌激素受体β(Estrogen receptorβ,ERβ)表达建立人成骨细胞株hFOB 1.19细胞模型的可行性。方法:设计3种特异性ERβ-shRNA,体外合成后将其克隆人pRNAT-H1.4/Retro逆转录病毒质粒中,并包装成逆转录病毒;ERβ-shRNA逆转录病毒瞬时感染hFOB l.19细胞后,通过流式细胞仪检测感染效率,并使用半定量RT-PCR和Western blot检测对ERβmRNA和蛋白表达的抑制效率;然后取ERβ抑制效率最高的hFOB l.19细胞,通过抗性筛选,将得到稳定感染的细胞扩大培养,再通过半定量RT-PCR和Western blot检测ERβ稳定抑制的效率;并应用MTT法检测ERβ稳定抑制后对细胞增殖的影响。结果:成功构建了3种ERβ-shRNA逆转录病毒载体;流式细胞仪检测结果显示,瞬时感染效率均高达70%以上;ERβ-shRNA-1、ERβ-shRNA-2、ERβ-shRNA-3逆转录病毒载体对hFOB l.19细胞中ERβmRNA的抑制率分别为(54.56±0.95)%、(69.60±1.12)%、(76.49±1.15)%,蛋白的抑制率分别为(59.21±4.44)%、(78.35±2.00)%、(85.60±2.66)%(均P<0.05);成功筛选出稳定感染ERβ-shRNA-3逆转录病毒载体的hFOB l.19细胞,ERβmRNA和蛋白的抑制率分别为(83.23±2.45)%和(93.11±0.57)%(均P<0.05),MTT法检测显示ERβ稳定抑制后对细胞的增殖没有明显影响(P>0.05)。结论:利用RNAi技术可成功建立ERβ稳定抑制的hFOB l.19细胞模型。     

染料木黄酮对骨肉瘤细胞增殖及侵袭的影响及作用机制

目的 探讨染料木黄酮对人骨肉瘤MG-63细胞增殖、侵袭的影响及其作用机制.方法 用染料木黄酮处理MG-63细胞,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖;Transwell小室体外侵袭实验法检测MG-63细胞侵袭能力;实时定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)和蛋白印迹法(Western blot)分别检测MG-63细胞基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2／MMP-9的mRNA及蛋白水平.结果CCK-8法表明染料木黄酮处理组MG-63细胞增殖被明显抑制,抑制率最高(85.3±5.1)％(P＜0.05);染料木黄酮在0、12.5、25.0、50.0 μmol/L时穿膜细胞数分别为(96.5±5.5)、(88.4±3.2)、(53.8±4.4)、(36.6±3.8)个,可明显降低MG-63细胞的侵袭能力(P＜0.05);染料木黄酮处理后MMP-2及MMP-9的mRNA表达水平明显下降(P＜0.05);MMP-2/MMP-9蛋白表达水平也明显下降,且具有时间依赖性.结论染料木黄酮抑制骨肉瘤MG-63细胞增殖及侵袭转移能力,这种作用与MMP-2及MMP-9表达变化有关.