口服避孕药预处理在卵巢功能储备良好而前次IVF失败患者中的应用效果

目的:评估口服避孕药(OC)预处理在卵巢储备良好、前次IVF失败患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾分析131例卵巢储备功能良好、前次IVF常规黄体中期降调节长方案失败再次行助孕治疗的患者资料,其中口服避孕药预处理后长方案治疗52例为研究组,黄体中期长方案治疗79例为对照组。结果:研究组降调节后LH值明显低于对照组,双原核(2PN)率和卵裂率明显高于对照组,可利用胚胎数明显高于对照组(P<0.05);但Gn使用时间、Gn使用量、获卵数、MII卵数、移植日子宫内膜厚度、生化及临床妊娠率、因OHSS倾向取消移植率与对照组比较均无明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:在有自发排卵的卵巢储备功能良好、前次IVF常规长方案失败、再次选用长方案超促排卵(COH)治疗的患者中,使用OC预处理能够降低降调节后LH值,改善正常受精率,增加可利用胚胎数,是值得推荐的治疗方案。     

脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)预治疗在体外受精-胚胎移植周期中的应用

目的:探讨脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)预治疗在卵巢储备低下妇女的体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)周期治疗中的作用。方法:对173例卵巢储备功能低下进行IVF/ICSI-ET的患者进行随机对照研究。DHEA预治疗组(n=81)患者口服DHEA,连用3个月,对照组为未服用DHEA预治疗者(n=92)。观察患者的一般情况、超促排卵情况及胚胎发育和妊娠结局。结果:患者一般情况、hCG注射日子宫内膜厚度及E2水平、Gn使用量和Gn使用天数组间均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。DHEA组IVF受精率、优质胚胎率及临床妊娠率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。但在胚胎种植率、早期流产率、周期取消率组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:DHEA预治疗可以改善卵巢储备功能低下妇女的IVF结局。     

三种促排卵方案对卵巢储备力低下患者助孕效果比较

目的:探讨卵巢储备力低下患者行体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子显微注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)助孕时较理想的超促排卵方案。方法:将302例行IVF/ICSI-ET助孕的卵巢储备力低下患者分为3组:微刺激方案组(A组,98例)、黄体期促排卵方案组(B组,62例)和超短方案组(C组,142例),比较3组的一般情况、周期取消率、总促性腺激素释放激素(Gn)使用天数(Gn天数)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)日血雌二醇(E_2)、促黄体生成素(LH)、孕酮(P)及子宫内膜厚度、平均获卵数、受精率、形成胚胎率、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率、生化妊娠率。结果:A组的周期取消率均明显高于B、C两组(P0.05);A组的总Gn天数最短,C组的总Gn天数最长(P0.05);A组的HCG日子宫内膜厚度低于B、C组,但差异无统计学意义;A组的HCG日E_2水平、平均获卵数均低于B、C两组,C组的HCG日LH水平均低于A、B两组(P0.05)。3组的一般情况、正常受精率、成胚率、优胚率、临床妊娠率、生化妊娠率均无统计学差异。结论:超短方案可能是较好的卵巢储备力低下超促排卵方案,同时黄体期促排卵亦不失为一种新的有效促排卵方案。     

卵泡期长效长方案在卵巢储备良好但前次黄体期短效长方案助孕失败患者中的应用:一项自身对照研究

目的:探讨卵泡期长效长方案对卵巢储备功能良好但前次黄体期短效长方案助孕失败患者的妊娠结局是否有所改善。方法:回顾性分析106例前次黄体期短效长方案助孕失败后行卵泡期长效长方案再次助孕的卵巢储备功能良好(AFC5)患者212个周期的临床资料,按照促排卵方案分为黄体期短效长方案(A组)与卵泡期长效长方案(B组)。结果:Gn启动日E2值、hCG注射日E2值和子宫内膜厚度以及移植胚胎数组间比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。B组Gn启动日、hCG注射日血LH值和早期流产率均显著低于A组(P0.001),而Gn使用总剂量、Gn使用天数、获卵数、MII卵数、MII卵率、2PN数、可移植胚胎数、胚胎种植率、生化妊娠及临床妊娠率均显著高于A组(P0.001)。结论:在卵巢储备功能良好但前次黄体期短效长方案助孕失败的女性中,再次助孕采用卵泡期长效长方案可显著提高获卵数及卵子质量,并显著提高妊娠率,降低早期流产率,是理想的治疗方案。     

改良长方案在初次拮抗剂方案助孕治疗失败患者中的应用

目的:比较改良长方案和拮抗剂方案在初次拮抗剂方案失败患者中的临床结局。方法:回顾分析初次拮抗剂方案失败行再次IVF/ICSI助孕治疗的169例患者,其中130例采用改良长方案治疗(研究组),39例采用拮抗剂方案治疗(对照组)。结果:两组患者的一般情况无明显差异(P0.05)。研究组的注射HCG日E2值、Gn用药时间和Gn剂量均显著高于对照组(P0.05),注射HCG日LH值显著低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组的临床妊娠率、种植率及活产率分别为55.2%、36.4%和46.4%,均显著高于对照组(27.3%、22.0%和21.2%)(P0.05)。结论:初次拮抗剂方案失败行再次助孕治疗的患者中,改良长方案可能通过改善子宫内膜的容受性,获得了较拮抗剂方案更好的妊娠结局。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者初次IVF/ICSI-ET助孕临床方案选择

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者初次进行体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)助孕时最佳方案的选择。方法:≤45岁初次行IVF/ICSI-ET助孕的PCOS患者1 407名,按照超长方案(A组)、长方案(B组)、短方案(C组)和拮抗剂方案(D组)分成4组,比较各组患者基本临床特征、控制性超促排卵(COH)特征、重度卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)发生率及临床结局。结果:除A组年龄偏大外,各组体质量指数(BMI)、基础血清性激素水平相当;A组与B组促性腺激素(Gn)使用天数、剂量高于C组和D组,C组与D组h CG注射日血清LH、E2水平明显高于A组和B组,h CG注射日内膜厚度A组与B组明显高于C组和D组,A组临床妊娠率、持续妊娠率和活产率明显高于其他各组(P0.05)。重度OHSS、异位妊娠率、早期流产率各组间无统计学差异(P0.05)。多元因素回归显示IVF方案(OR=0.813,95%CI=0.667~0.991)、h CG注射日内膜厚度(OR=1.262,95%CI=1.148~1.388)和空腹血糖水平(OR=1.395,95%CI=1.021~1.905)可能影响PCOS患者临床妊娠率(P0.05)。结论:PCOS患者在初次尝试IVF助孕时,选择超长方案可获得更佳的子宫内膜容受性,提高临床妊娠率、持续妊娠率以及活产率,且不增加重度OHSS发生率。不足之处是Gn应用时间较长、剂量较大,可能增加临床治疗费用。     

改良超长方案对子宫内膜异位症患者IVF/ICSI妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨改良超长方案对子宫内膜异位症患者在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)/卵细胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)的应用及其对妊娠结局的影响。方法:对65例子宫内膜异位症患者长效长方案助孕未孕之后行改良超长方案(n=65),比较两种方案促性腺激素启动前一日黄体生成素(LH)水平、注射绒促性素(HCG)日LH水平、孕酮(P)水平、雌激素(E2)水平、P/E2比值、子宫内膜厚度、促排天数、用药量、平均获卵数、受精率、优胚率,且统计改良超长方案组着床率、临床妊娠率、活产率等。结果:与长效长方案组相比,改良超长方案组Gn启动前一日LH水平(2.54±0.87 U/L vs 1.04±1.76 U/L,P=0.000)、HCG日LH水平(1.39±0.66 U/L vs 1.01±0.52 U/L,P=0.000)、P/E2比值(0.42±0.25 vs 0.32±0.17,P=0.010)均明显下降,而HCG日E2(657.86±260.39 pmol/L vs 781.11±401.34 pmol/L,P=0.040)、促排卵用药量(2425.19±868.56 U vs 3172.31±1137.67 U,P=0.000)明显增加。虽其他指标无明显差异,但改良超长方案组受精率[(64.22±24.03)%vs(75.49±19.1)%,P=0.004]明显增加。改良超长方案组着床率39.26%,临床妊娠率64.41%,活产率45.76%。结论:改良超长方案有助于改善子宫内膜异位症患者IVF/ICSI妊娠结局。     

不同降调节方案对子宫内膜异位症患者IVF-ET妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨超长方案对子宫内膜异位症患者IVF-ET妊娠结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析79例(82个周期)子宫内膜异位症患者采用超长方案(42个周期)和常规长方案(40个周期)对IVF-ET妊娠结局的影响。结果:与常规长方案组相比超长方案组的获卵数(8.2vs10.7)、受精率(69.32%vs72.11%)、卵裂率(87.49%vs89.78%)无明显差异(P>0.05),但Gn总量(44.55支vs33.79支)、优质胚胎数(4.3vs5.8)、临床妊娠率(20.00%vs40.48%)、胚胎植入率(9.90%vs19.64%)等几项指标,超长方案组均显著增高(P<0.05)。结论:在IVF-ET超促排卵前,采用超长方案进行降调节能显著提高子宫内膜异位症患者IVF-ET的成功率。     

黄体期使用生长激素在高龄卵巢储备功能减退患者中的临床应用

目的探讨黄体期使用生长激素(GH)对高龄卵巢储备功能减退(DOR)患者超促排卵治疗的影响。方法选择接受体外受精/卵胞质内单精子显微注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)且高龄(年龄≥35岁)DOR不孕患者156例为研究对象,均采用拮抗剂方案,分为研究组(加用GH)和对照组(不加用GH)。分析GH对促性腺激素(G n)使用总量、G n使用时间、获卵数、移植前内膜厚度、双原核(2 P N)率、优质胚胎率、着床率的影响。结果 Gn使用时间、Gn使用总量、移植前内膜厚度组间有统计学差异(P0.05)。h CG注射日E 2水平、获卵数、2 P N受精率、优质胚胎率、着床率、临床妊娠率及累积妊娠率组间无统计学差异(P0.05)。研究组临床妊娠率为28.0%、对照组为19.4%,研究组累积妊娠率为33.3%、对照组为20.0%,组间均无统计学差异(P0.05),但研究组临床妊娠率及累积妊娠率有上升趋势。结论 GH对年龄≥35岁DOR患者可明显降低Gn的使用总量及使用时间,增加子宫内膜的厚度,临床妊娠率及累积妊娠率有提高的趋势。     

子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者经体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植治疗后妊娠结局及相关因素的分析

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症(EMS)对不孕患者经体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)治疗后妊娠结局的影响及其与妊娠结局相关的因素。方法选择行IVF/ICSI-ET治疗的46例EMS合并不孕患者的55个取卵周期作为EMS组;选择同期行IVF/ICSI-ET治疗的126例非EMS患者的156个周期作为对照组。回顾性分析患者的临床资料,并进一步分析与妊娠结局相关的因素。结果 EMS组CA-125水平、周期取消率显著高于对照组(P0.05);基础窦卵泡数(AFC)、hCG注射日成熟卵泡数、获卵数、MII卵数、双原核(2PN)数、卵裂数、优质胚胎数、优质胚胎率显著低于对照组(P0.05);hCG注射日成熟卵泡数与EMS患者未妊娠的相关回归系数0。结论 EMS合并不孕患者卵巢储备功能下降,卵子和胚胎质量下降,更易取消周期。但其卵子成熟率、正常受精率及临床结局与非EMS对照组不孕患者相比无统计学差异;hCG注射日成熟卵泡数是EMS患者妊娠的保护因素。     

Cycle-specific and cumulative fecundity in patients with endometriosis who are undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation-intrauterine insemination or in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer

OBJECTIVE: To compare controlled ovarian hyperstimulation-intrauterine insemination (COH-IUI) or IVF-ET pregnancy rates per cycle (PR) and cycle and cumulative fecundity (f and cf) with COH-IUI or IVF-ET in endometriosis. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Endometriosis research institute. PATIENT(S): Women with endometriosis and infertility (n = 313) who underwent consecutive COH-IUI (202 patients, 648 cycles), IVF-ET (111 patients, 139 cycles), or IVF-ET after failed COH-IUI (56 patients, 68 cycles). INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Crude PR and life table-estimated f and cf. RESULT(S): With COH-IUI, 69 patients conceived; 65 conceived with IVF-ET; and 30 conceived with IVF-ET after COH-IUI (PR 11%, 47%, and 44%). With COH-IUI, six-cycle cf was 41%, and f for cycles 1-6 was 15%, 12%, 8%, 7%, 7%, and 0. With IVF-ET, three-cycle cf was 73%, whereas f for cycles 1-3 was 47%, 27%, and 33%. First-cycle f with IVF-ET was significantly higher than cf of six COH-IUI cycles. When the data were stratified according to the stage of endometriosis and women's age, the benefit of IVF over COH was even more pronounced. Prior COH-IUI failure did not adversely affect IVF-ET outcome. CONCLUSION(S): In endometriosis, PR, f, and cf are significantly higher with IVF-ET than COH-IUI, especially in stage IV and in women >38 years of age. Considering adverse effects of prolonged ovarian stimulation on endometriosis, IVF-ET should be the first-line approach in the management of infertility in this disease. If COH-IUI is attempted, it should not exceed three to four cycles.     

Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy of endometriomas does not affect the ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ovarian response cycles of IVF-ET in patients who previously underwent laparoscopic cystectomy for endometriomas. DESIGN: Retrospective study with prospective selection of participants and controls. SETTING: Instituto de Ginecología y Fertilidad Buenos Aires, Argentina. PATIENT(S): Thirty-nine patients underwent an operation for ovarian endometriomas by atraumatic removal of the pseudocapsule with minimal bipolar cauterization of small bleeders and an IVF-ET cycle (group A) and 39 control patients of similar age underwent an IVF-ET cycle for tubal factor infertility (group B). INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic endometrioma cystectomy, IVF-ET cycle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): E(2) levels, number of gonadotropin ampoules, follicles, oocytes retrieved, number and quality of embryos transferred, and clinical pregnancy rate. RESULT(S): There were no differences in all the parameters studied (E(2) levels, number of follicles, oocytes retrieved, number and quality of embryos transferred, and clinical pregnancy rate) except for the number of gonadotropin ampoules needed for ovarian hyperstimulation, which was significantly higher in group A than in group B. CONCLUSION(S): Our results indicate that laparoscopic cystectomy for endometriomas is an appropriate treatment since it did not negatively affect the ovarian response for IVF-ET.     

生长激素在IVF-ET周期子宫内膜发育不良患者中的应用

目的:探讨生长激素(growth hormone,GH)在体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization-em-bryo transfer,IVF-ET)治疗中对子宫内膜发育不良者子宫内膜及临床结局的影响。方法:IVF-ET患者共67例,均由于子宫内膜发育不良而致IVF-ET种植失败,再次行IVF-ET治疗时随机分为研究组(加用GH治疗,32例)和对照组(未使用GH治疗,35例),统计分析患者的临床结局。结果:患者Gn用量、平均获卵数、受精率、优质胚胎率组间无统计学差异(P>0.05);研究组子宫内膜厚度、形态及子宫内膜和内膜下血流均较对照组有明显改善(P<0.01);研究组的胚胎种植率(31.4%)及临床妊娠率(39.5%)明显高于对照组(15.7%和19.8%)(P<0.01),早期流产率明显减低(14.6%vs 21.4%)(P<0.01)。结论:对内膜发育不良的患者进行IVF-ET治疗时加用GH可能是通过改善子宫内膜对胚胎的容受性,从而提高胚胎种植率及临床妊娠率,降低早期流产率。     

Laparoscopic management of hydrosalpinges before in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: salpingectomy versus proximal tubal occlusion

OBJECTIVE: To compare ovarian response and IVF-ET cycle outcome in patients with hydrosalpinges managed by either laparoscopic salpingectomy or proximal tubal occlusion. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Tertiary-care assisted reproductive technology program. PATIENT(S): One hundred four consecutive fresh IVF-ET cycles in 94 patients with tubal-factor infertility. INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic salpingectomy (group 1: 35 cycles) or bipolar proximal tubal occlusion (group 2: 17 cycles), controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, and IVF-ET. Control groups consisted of both tubal-factor patients without hydrosalpinges (group 3: 37 cycles) and those with prior bilateral tubal ligation for sterilization (group 4: 15 cycles). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Uterine artery Doppler flow, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation response, and implantation and clinical pregnancy rates. RESULT(S): There were no differences in mean uterine artery pulsatility indices or ovarian response among any of the groups. A trend toward a higher cycle cancellation rate in group 1 did not approach statistical significance. Clinical pregnancy and implantation rates were not significantly different between group 1 (57.1%, 29.2 +/- 5.9%, respectively) and group 2 (46.7%, 19.4 +/- 6.1%, respectively) or compared with those of controls. CONCLUSION(S): [1] Management of hydrosalpinges by laparoscopic salpingectomy or bipolar proximal tubal occlusion yielded statistically similar responses to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and IVF-ET cycle outcome. [2] The latter approach may be preferable in patients who present with dense pelvic adhesions and easy access only to the proximal fallopian tube.     

Effect of salpingectomy on ovarian response to superovulation in an in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer program

Objective: To investigate the effect of salpingectomy on the response of each ovary in patients undergoing an IVF-ET treatment cycle and to compare the results with those of patients who had not had surgery and were undergoing IVF-ET during the same period.

Design: A prospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral academic IVF unit.

Patient(s): Twenty-nine ET cycles were evaluated in 29 patients who previously had undergone unilateral salpingectomy because of ectopic pregnancy (study group). Seventy-three patients with unexplained or male factor infertility served as controls.

Intervention(s): Ovulation induction and IVF-ET.

Main Outcome Measure(s): In the study group, mean ovarian volume, number of follicles, and number of oocytes recovered from each ovary were assessed and compared. The overall results, cycle characteristics, and pregnancy rates of the two groups were compared.

Result(s): Among the patients who had undergone salpingectomy, significantly fewer follicles developed and consequently fewer oocytes were retrieved from the ovary on the operated side (4.4 versus 8.2 follicles and 3.8 versus 6.0 oocytes). There were no differences in the total numbers of follicles and oocytes recovered from both ovaries, the cycle characteristics, or the pregnancy rates between study and control groups.

Conclusion(s): Salpingectomy has no detrimental effect on the total ovarian performance during IVF-ET treatment or on the outcome of IVF-ET. However, the ipsilateral ovary could be adversely affected. This could be detrimental in selected patients undergoing IVF-ET, in whom the second ovary already is compromised or missing.     

Pituitary down-regulation using leuprolide for the intensive ovulation management of poor prognosis patients having in vitro fertilization (IVF)-related treatments

A review of 118 treatment cycles in 115 women under prolonged GnRH analogue (GnRHa; leuprolide) treatment is presented. Patients were selected for treatment primarily on the grounds of poor previous response to stimulation (n=40). advanced age (>35 years; n=29), previous premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge (n=30), polycystic ovarian disease (PCO; n=12), and elevaved androgens without evidence of PCO (n=5). An overall pregnancy rate of 28.8% per treatment cycle was attained, compared with a pregnancy rate of 6.2% (6/97, of which none went to term) in the previous completed treatment cycle for the same patients. Ovarian response, as measured by oocytes recovered and maximum estradiol levels observed, was significantly improved in all groups and this was associated with a prolonged follicular phase, significantly more human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) stimulation and a relatively high incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation, particularly in pregnant patients Of specific techniques in the GnRHa cycle, GIFT produced a pregnancy rate per treatment of 50% (10/20); IVF-ET, 22% (8/36); PROST, 28% (13/46); and TEST 19% (3/16). No cyles were abandoned, compared with a cancellation rate of 24% in previous cycles without GnRHa. Patients with PCO performed paricularly well on GnRHa management, with a pregnancy rate per treatment of 58% (7/12). Pregnancy rates per treatment for the other groups were as follows: elevated age, 27% (9/33), high androgen, 40% (2/5); premature LH surges, 32% (9/28); and poor responders, 17.5% (7/40). A comparison using patients undertaking IVF-ET cycles in 1987 and 1988 shows that the use of GnRHa treatment in the poorprognosis groups lifts their performance into line with that seen in the good-prognosis groups. We conclude that pituitary down-regulation with GnRHa (long regimen) offers significant advantages for ovarian management in most groups of infertility patients and it is now being evaluated for routine use in the majority of cases in our practice.     

A double embryo transfer on days 2 and 4 or 5 improves pregnancy outcome in patients with good embryos but repeated failures in IVF or ICSI

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the outcome of a double embryo transfer during the same cycle for patients who had had three or more implantation failures in IVF-ET or ICSI-ET programs after the transfer of good quality embryos in all attempts. Forty-five women who had had previous unsuccessful attempts in IVF-ET or ICSI-ET programs after transfer of good quality embryos (Group A) were included in the study. Group A was divided into two subgroups, Group A1 consisted of 34 patients who underwent embryo transfer on day 2 and day 4 after pick-up and Group A2 consisted of ten patients who underwent embryo transfer on day 2 and day 5 after pick-up. Forty-two other women with a similar unsuccessful history in IVF-ET (Group B) were studied as controls. The patients in this group had a day 4 or 5 only transfer without having an additional day 2 transfer. The outcome of the procedure was compared in the two groups. Double embryo transfer had beneficial effects on patients with good embryos but with previous failure attempts. These patients had a 38.2% clinical pregnancy rate and a 50% total pregnancy rate if the additional embryo transfer was done on day 4 and a 60% clinical and 60% total pregnancy rate if the additional embryo transfer was done on day 5. Our data showed that excellent pregnancy rates can be obtained with a commercially available medium and double embryo transfers on days 2 and 4 or 5 after pick-up for patients with good quality embryos that have had previous failure attempts in an IVF-ET program. Due to the fact that endometrial maturation varies considerably in each patient, an adequate endometrial maturation and improved uterine receptivity seem to be the reason for improved pregnancy rates with double embryo transfers. It was also shown that morullae have high viability and high potential for implantation and pregnancy.     

初步探讨针刺治疗对卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的影响

目的:探讨针刺治疗在体外受精/卵胞质内单精子显微注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)治疗过程中对卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的发生所产生的影响。方法:将进行IVF/ICSI-ET治疗的304例不孕症患者随机分为针刺治疗组(研究组)和对照组。采用黄体期促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)长方案进行控制性超促排卵,研究组患者从控制性超促排卵第1日开始接受针刺治疗,直至胚胎移植日(取卵日不进行针刺治疗),对照组不作针刺治疗,其余同研究组。观察比较研究组和对照组促性腺激素(Gn)用量、血清雌二醇(E2)水平、OHSS发生率、获卵数、临床妊娠率和流产率等。结果:①研究组OHSS的发生率低于对照组(2.03%vs 7.33%,P<0.05);②研究组胚胎移植日血清E2水平低于对照组(P<0.05);③研究组临床妊娠率和流产率与对照组相比均无统计学差异(52.90%vs 50.74%,P>0.05;10.96%vs 10.14%,P>0.05).结论:针刺辅助治疗对降低IVF-ET治疗过程中OHSS的发生起到一定的作用。     

Effect of prolonged gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in patients with endometriosis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a 3-month course of GnRH agonist administered immediately before IVF-ET in infertile patients with endometriosis. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. SETTING: Three tertiary care assisted reproductive technology programs. PATIENT(S): IVF-ET candidates with surgically confirmed endometriosis. INTERVENTION(S): Twenty-five patients received three courses of a long-acting GnRH agonist, 3.75 mg i.m. every 28 days, followed by standard controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Twenty-six patients received standard controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with mid-luteal phase GnRH agonist down-regulation or microdose flare regimens. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, ongoing pregnancy rates per cycle, group implantation rates, and implantation rate per embryo transfer procedure. RESULT(S): The extent of surgically confirmed endometriosis was greater in patients who received the long-acting GnRH regimen for 3 months before IVF-ET. The groups did not differ significantly in terms of dose or duration of gonadotropin stimulation, number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate, or number of embryos transferred. Patients who received the long-acting GnRH regimen had significantly higher ongoing pregnancy rates (80% vs. 53.85%) and a trend toward higher implantation rates (42.68% vs. 30.38%). CONCLUSION(S): Prolonged use of GnRH agonist before IVF-ET in patients with endometriosis resulted in significantly higher ongoing pregnancy rates than did standard controlled ovarian hyperstimulation regimens. No deleterious effect on ovarian response was observed.     

Natural cycle as first approach in aged patients with elevated follicle-stimulating hormone undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Poor ovarian response to standard in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) protocols or different regimens of treatment, as consequence of a diminished ovarian reserve, correlates strictly with patient age, elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and reduced antral follicle count. The aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with poor prognostic features undergoing IVF-ET with natural cycles as a first approach and not as a consequence of a previous failure treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen aged patients (mean +/- standard deviation 40.2 +/- 0.7 years, range 37-43 years) with elevated serum FSH and reduced antral follicle count underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) after spontaneous ovulation. RESULTS: A total of 26 natural cycles with ICSI were analyzed. Pregnancy was observed in three patients, of which two were ongoing as assessed by fetal heart beat at ultrasound scan performed 4-5 weeks after ET. CONCLUSION: The overall pregnancy rates achieved (11.5% per cycle, 20.0% per ET) are comparable with those of conventional IVF-ET in aged patients, and not impaired by a single embryo transferred. Better embryo quality, as a consequence of natural selection of oocytes, better endometrium receptivity and monthly repeatability of the procedure, can balance the relatively low chance to perform ET.