心肌肌钙蛋白T对急性心肌梗死的诊断价值

目的　探讨心肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)对急性心肌梗死 (AMI)早期诊断价值。方法　用酶联免疫法 (ELISA)检测血清cTnT ,速率法检测肌酸肌酶同工酶MB(CK -MB) ,并对 8例AMI胸痛发作 6h内入院患者进行动态观察。结果对照组和患者组cTnT、CK -MB血清水平分别为 (0 1 8± 0 0 9)ug/L、(1 5 1± 3 4)U/L和 (3 6± 3 4)ug/L、(91 1±80 6)U/L ,患者组阳性率分别为 89 3 % (2 5/2 8)、71 4% (2 0 /2 8) ;8例动态观察的患者中有 3例 2小时内入院 ,血清cTnT水平开始升高 [(0 446± 0 0 70 )ug/L]。 8例患者血清cTnT升高达峰值时间为 (1 3 5± 2 6)h ,比CK -MB早[(1 8 0± 3 0 )h]。 1 0天～ 1 4天回复正常。结论　cTnT是急性心肌梗死的早期诊断指标 ,动态观察有助于判断AMI的预后     

肌钙蛋白I、肌红蛋白和肌酸激酶同工酶在急性心肌梗死诊断意义的比较

目的 :了解肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌红蛋白 (Mb)和肌酸激酶同工酶 (CK MB)在急性心肌梗死 (AMI)中的变化规律 ,比较它们在AMI诊断中的应用意义。方法 :系列测定AMI患者血中的cTnI、Mb、CK MB ,对其结果进行比较分析。结果 :19例AMI患者Mb最早在血中出现。Mb峰值亦首先出现 ,达峰的时间为 ( 11.1± 5 .0 )h ,持续时间为 ( 17.6± 4.8)h ;CK MB达峰值的时间为 ( 19.9± 9.8)h ,持续时间为 ( 5 0 .4± 15 .4)h ;cTnI峰值时间为 ( 2 3.8± 10 .6 )h ,持续时间最长 ,为 ( 16 6 .4± 6 2 .1)h。结论 :AMI发病早期同时检测cTnI和Mb ,有助于早期确诊AMI。对延迟入院CK MB已经降至正常的患者检测cTnI,仍有助于AMI的诊断。     

急性冠脉综合征患者循环血单核细胞产生明胶酶增加

目的 :探讨单核细胞产生两种明胶酶 (MMP2 ,MMP9)与急性冠脉综合征 (ACS)发病间的关系。方法 :分离 38例不稳定心绞痛 (UA)、16例心肌梗死 (AMI) ,2 2例稳定性心绞痛 (SA)及 18例正常对照 (CONT)循环血单核细胞 ,在体外无血清培养 2 4h ,测定上清液中MMP2、MMP9蛋白含量 ,并观察心肌缺血及心肌梗死对其的影响。结果 :UA、AMI组MMP2分别高于CONT组 (2 6 5 8 5 2± 5 33 42和 1842 34± 317 17,P <0 0 0 1,单位为 μg/L ,下同 ;2 6 43 0 4± 6 41 47和 1842 34± 317 17,P <0 0 0 1)和SA组 (2 6 5 8 5 2± 5 33 42和 1919 16± 2 89 38,P <0 0 0 1;2 6 43 0 4± 6 41 47和 1919 16± 2 89 38,P <0 0 0 1)。UA、AMI组MMP9也分别高于CONT组 (481 41± 5 2 5 6和 30 1 2 6± 30 17,P <0 0 0 1;486 34± 37 48和 30 1 2 6± 30 17,P <0 0 0 1)和SA组 (481 41± 5 2 5 6和 2 98 86± 42 2 4,P <0 0 0 1;486 34± 37 48和 2 98 86± 42 2 4,P <0 0 0 1)。心肌缺血发作前后MMP2、MMP9无显著变化 ,心肌梗死 72h内仍保持在发病初期水平 ,梗死后多个时间点及其最大值与CK或Ck MB相应时间点及其最大值间无线性相关。结论 :急性冠脉综合征患者循环血单核细胞产生MMP2、MMP9增加 ,MMP2、MMP9不受心肌     

血清铁蛋白与癌胚抗原联检在肺癌诊断中的价值

目的 :探讨血清铁蛋白与癌胚抗原在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法 :回顾分析 30例肺癌患者及 30例正常对照组的血清铁蛋白 (SF)及癌胚抗原 (CEA)水平。结果 :肺癌组 SF与 CEA分别为 (85 0 .5 8± 4 38.89) ng/ m l,(81.0 3±12 9.4 2 )μg/ L ;正常对照组 SF与 CEA分别为 (5 3.6 9± 6 5 .0 8) ng/ ml,(4.0 0± 1.4 9)μg/ L。肺癌组的 SF与 CEA水平显著高于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,差异具有显著性。肺癌组 SF阳性率 86 .7% ,CEA阳性率为 6 6 .7%。结论 :SF与CEA联检可作为肺癌的辅助诊断指标 ,使肺癌的诊断得到进一步的提高。     

心肌肌球蛋白结合蛋白C在急性心肌梗死中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨心肌肌球蛋白结合蛋白C(c My BP-C)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)中的表达及其临床意义。方法选取2011年1月至2013年12月临朐县人民医院收治的50例AMI患者作为AMI组,其中发病时间<4 h 21例,发病时间≥4 h 29例。另外选择同期健康体检者50例作为健康对照组。统计受试者血清c My BP-C、心脏肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)、肌红蛋白(Myo)水平,并分析AMI患者血清c My BP-C、c Tn I、Myo与年龄、发病时间、体质指数的相关性。结果 AMI组血清c My BP-C、c Tn I、Myo水平均高于健康对照组[(106±16)μg/L比(18±6)μg/L、(10.76±3.32)μg/L比(0.031±0.003)μg/L、(122±33)μg/L比(23±5)μg/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病时间≥4 h组患者血c My BP-C、Myo、c Tn I水平高于发病时间<4 h组[(109±17)μg/L比(76±9)μg/L,(11.67±3.72)μg/L比(0.042±0.006)μg/L,(130±33)μg/L比(93±16)μg/L,P<0.01]。PCI术后患者血c My BP-C水平低于入院时[(59±11)μg/L比(107±16)μg/L,P<0.01],PCI术后患者血c Tn I、Myo水平高于入院时[(33±6)μg/L比(11±3)μg/L,(136±35)μg/L比(122±33)μg/L,P<0.01];血c My BP-C、c Tn I、Myo与AMI发病时间均呈正相关(P<0.05);血c My BP-C、c Tn I、Myo之间均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 c My BP-C可以作为AMI早期诊断的指标之一,还可作为评价PCI术早期效果的指标。     

甲亢患者血清瘦素水平的测定及意义

目的 :研究甲亢患者和正常人血清瘦素水平以及与FT3、FT4、性别的关系。方法 :用放射免疫分析法测定 32例甲亢患者 ,2 0例正常对照组的血清瘦素水平。结果 :甲亢患者血清瘦素为 9.31± 0 .2 4 μg/L ,正常对照组为 8.82± 0 .31 μg/L。甲亢患者血清瘦素 ,男性为 4 .81± 0 .1 7μg/L ,女性为 1 1 .52± 0 .2 8μg/L ;正常对照男性为 3 .87±0 .2 1 μg/L ,女性为 1 0 .37± 0 .32 μg/L。甲亢和正常对照组相比 ,血清瘦素无明显差异 (P >0 .5) ;两组中瘦素水平女性均明显高于男性 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :甲亢患者血清瘦素与正常人无明显差异。血清瘦素水平与性别明显相关     

C反应蛋白、心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ、肌酸激酶及其同工酶检测在冠心病诊断中的应用

目的　探索冠心病急性心肌梗死和不稳定型心绞痛的早期实验室诊断方法。方法　分别采用免疫浊度法、酶速率法测定 60例冠心病 ( CHD)患者及 2 0例正常对照组 ( CP)的 C反应蛋白 ( CRP)、心肌肌钙蛋白 ( c Tn )、肌酸激酶 ( CK)及其同工酶 ( CK- MB)的阳性率。结果　 CHD组患者的 CRP、 c Tn 、CK- MB和 CK的阳性率均明显高于 CP组 (均为 P<0 .0 5 )。CHD组又分为 3组 ,急性心肌梗死组 ( AMI) 2 0例、不稳定型心绞痛组 ( U A) 2 0例、稳定型心绞痛组 ( SA) 2 0例。AMI组患者的 CRP、c Tn 、CK- MB和 CK阳性率明显高于 SA组 (均为 P<0 .0 1) ;UA组 CRP和 c Tn 的阳性率明显高于 SA组 (均为 P<0 .0 1) ,但两组间 CK- MB和 CK的阳性率相比无明显差异 (均为P>0 .0 5 )。结论　 CRP和 c Tn 的增高与冠心病的发生密切相关     

急性心肌梗死病人血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的检测及意义

①目的　探讨血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)在心肌梗死病人发病后不同时间的诊断价值。②方法　采用OpusTM全自动急诊干式免疫分析仪定量法 ,检测了 80例AMI病人的动态血清cTnI及肌酸激酶同工酶 (CK MB)活性。③结果　 80例AMI病人cTnI总阳性率为 97.5 0 % ,阳性率在发病后 4h内达 4 5 .0 0 % ,7d时仍高达33.75 %。AMI病人发病 2 4h后心肌cTnI较CK MB的阳性率明显增高 (χ2 =9.0 14～ 4 7.6 19,P <0 .0 1)。④结论AMI病人心肌cTnI检测阳性出现时间早、持续时间长 ,是一种高度灵敏、特异的心肌损伤的血清标志物     

原发性肝癌患者血清sFas的检测及其意义

目的 :检测原发性肝癌患者血清可溶性 Fas(s Fas)的水平 ,并探讨其临床意义。方法 :采用生物素 -亲和素酶联免疫吸附试验 (Biotin- avidin enzyme- linked imm unosorbent assay,BA - EL ISA)检测来自广西的 2 7例原发性肝癌患者和 2 8例正常人血清的 s Fas。结果 :原发性肝癌组血清 s Fas水平为 (3.6 73± 1 .2 98)μg/ L ,高于正常对照组的 (2 .1 4 7± 0 .5 2 3)μg/ L (P <0 .0 5 )。肝癌患者 AFP阳性组、AFP阴性组与正常对照组血清 s Fas分别为 (3.6 5 7± 1 .0 99)μg/ L、(3.6 90± 1 .5 31 )μg/ L和 (2 .1 4 7±0 .5 2 3)μg/ L ,其中肝癌患者 AFP阳性组、AFP阴性组分别高于正常组 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :血清 s Fas水平增高 ,可能可作为原发性肝癌尤其是 AFP阴性的肝癌患者的诊断指标之一。     

D—二聚体在冠心病中的应用价值

目的　评价血浆D -二聚体 (D -dimer,DD)在诊断冠心病及急性心肌梗死 (AMI)溶栓治疗疗效的临床应用价值。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)检测心绞痛、陈旧性心肌梗死 (OMI)及急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者血浆DD含量 (AMI患者发病后进行连续测定 ) ,并比较其结果。结果　 2 0例健康对照组DD为 0 .40±0 .31mg/L ,18例心绞痛患者DD为 0 .5 6± 0 .35mg/L ,16例OMI患者DD为 0 .6 1± 0 .47mg/L ,8例未接受溶栓的AMI患者DD为 1.0 1± 0 .5 2mg/L。 15例接受溶栓治疗的AMI患者DD为 2 .92± 1.0 3mg/L(其中 12例溶栓有效者为 3.0 5± 1.0 5mg/L)。 结论　血浆DD测定不仅可作为观察心肌梗死病情的指标 ,对溶栓药物的疗效监测也具有重要价值     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.