MMP-2和TIMP-2蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤转移的关系

为探讨乳腺肿瘤组织中细胞外基质金属蛋白酶 -2 (MMP 2 )和组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂 -2 (TIMP 2 )的表达情况 ,研究及其与乳腺肿瘤发生、发展中的生物学意义并观察其与乳腺癌浸润及转移的相关性 ,作者采用免疫组化方法检测 5 8例乳腺浸润性导管癌及 2 0例乳腺纤维腺瘤的组织标本中MMP 2和TIMP 2的表达情况并进行对比观察。结果示 5 8例乳腺癌和 2 0例乳腺纤维腺瘤的组织中MMP 2的表达分别为 43 .1%(2 5 / 5 8)和 10 %(2 / 2 0 ) ;TIMP 2的表达分别为 5 5 .17%(3 2 / 5 8)和 90 %(18/ 2 0 )。MMP 2的高表达与肿瘤的病理分级、淋巴结转移呈正相关 ,TIMP 2阳性表达与肿瘤的病理分级、淋巴结转移呈负相关。提示MMP 2和TIMP 2的表达与乳腺癌的浸润和淋巴结转移密切相关 ,MMP 2阳性表达率上升和 /或TIMP 2阳性表达率下降 ,表示乳腺癌浸润及转移能力增强 ,联合检测两指标有助于乳腺癌浸润转移和预后的判断。     

乳腺癌中HER2基质金属蛋白酶-2和9的表达及其相互关系

目的　研究乳腺癌中HER2基因、基质金属蛋白酶 (MMP) 2、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP) 9的表达情况、与临床病理指标之间的关系以及它们之间的相互关系。方法　采用免疫组织化学的方法对 114例乳腺癌组织标本中HER2、MMP 2、MMP 9的表达情况进行检测。结果　乳腺癌组织中HER2、MMP 2、MMP 9的表达阳性率分别是 46.49%、78.95 %、68.42 %。HER2表达与淋巴结转移相关。原发肿瘤 >2cm或有淋巴结转移的患者中 ,其MMP 2、MMP 9表达明显高于原发肿瘤≤ 2cm或无淋巴结转移的患者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且MMP 2表达与临床分期相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。HER2表达与MMP 2、MMP 9表达相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　HER2、MMP 2、MMP 9的阳性表达提示乳腺癌有较强的浸润转移能力 ,这 3种蛋白的表达在乳腺癌浸润转移过程中可能起协同作用。     

bcl-2和bad蛋白表达与乳腺癌的相关性研究

目的探讨bcl 2、bad基因在乳腺癌前病变及其在癌组织中的表达 ,以及与ER、PR及淋巴结转移间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学染色SABC法 ,观察 19例乳腺单纯性增生 ,2 0例乳腺非典型增生 ,4 8例乳腺癌组织中bcl 2、bad蛋白的表达 ,并同时检测 4 8例乳腺癌组织中ER、PR的表达。结果bcl 2在正常组和乳腺单纯性增生组 10 0 %表达 ,非典型增生组 ,乳腺癌组的表达率分别为 85 0 %和 5 8 33% ,二组之间比较差异有显著性 ( χ2 =3 37,P <0 0 5 )。bad蛋白在各组中的表达率较bcl 2表达有下降趋势 ,分别为 87 5 % ,84 2 % ,5 5 % ,4 7 91%。bcl 2、bad在各组中表达阳性率差异有显著性 ( χ2 =2 3 0 5 ,P <0 0 0 1,χ2 =11 2 9,P <0 0 1)。结论bcl 2、bad基因在乳腺癌的恶性转化中起重要作用 ;同时其表达与雌激素的调节有密切关系 ;bcl 2蛋白表达与乳腺癌淋巴结转移有关     

酪氨酸激酶Syk基因在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的　探讨酪氨酸激酶Syk基因表达与乳腺癌生成及转移的关系 ,以及与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)、p5 3、HER2 /neu基因的关系。方法　用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测 4 0例乳腺癌患者癌组织及癌旁正常乳腺组织以及 15例良性乳房纤维瘤组织中SykmRNA的表达 ,并用免疫组化方法检测 4 0例乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、p5 3、HER2 /neu的表达的情况。结果　所有正常乳腺组织都有Syk基因的表达 ,而 4 0例乳腺癌组织中只有 9例表达 ,正常乳腺与乳腺癌组织中Syk基因表达率差异有显著意义 (χ2 =4 7 4 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,且乳腺癌组织中SykmRNA含量明显低于正常乳腺组织 (t =3 4 1,P <0 0 5 )。有淋巴结转移的 18例乳腺癌组织中 ,1例有Syk基因表达 ,有淋巴结转移的乳腺癌SykmRNA的表达率和表达水平显著降低 (χ2 =3 77,P <0 0 5 ,t=2 74 ,P <0 0 5 )。SykmRNA表达与 p5 3基因的表达呈正相关。 结论　Syk基因的表达在抑制乳腺癌的生长及转移过程中可能起着重要的作用     

乳腺癌淋巴结转移与癌组织中白细胞介素-6受体及糖蛋白130的关系

目的　探讨乳腺癌淋巴结转移与活体癌组织中白细胞介素 6受体 (IL 6R)、糖蛋白13 0 (gp13 0 )表达的关系。 方法　应用病理学诊断的方法检查腋窝淋巴结有无癌细胞转移 ,采用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)检测乳腺癌组织IL 6R、gp13 0的mRNA表达。 结果　IL 6R组中 ,有淋巴结转移的IL 6R表达率为 3 7.5 0 0 % (9/ 2 4) ,无转移的为 84.3 14 % (4 3 / 5 1) ,差异有非常显著性 (χ2 =16.82 ,P <0 .0 0 1) ;gp13 0组中 ,有腋窝淋巴结转移的癌组织中 gp13 0表达率为 2 5 .0 0 0 %(6/ 2 4) ,无转移的为 78.43 1% (4 0 / 5 1) ,差异有非常显著性 (χ2 =19.65 ,P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　乳腺癌组织中的IL 6R、gp13 0及IL 6表达与乳腺癌患者的淋巴结转移及预后有关。     

细胞周期素E和表皮生长因子受体在乳腺癌中的表达及与预后的关系

目的探讨细胞周期素E(cyclinE)和表皮生长因子受体 (epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor,EGFR)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与转移复发和预后的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学方法检测110例乳腺癌组织中cyclinE蛋白和EGFR蛋白的表达水平。结果 110例乳腺癌中cyclinE和EGFR的阳性率均为 5 4 5 5 % ,这两种蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达呈正相关 (rs=0 82 3,P =0 0 0 1) ;乳腺癌组织中cyclinE和EGFR表达与肿瘤临床分期 (χ2 =12 86 ,P =0 0 0 5 ;χ2 =14 2 1,P =0 0 0 4 )、组织学分级 (χ2 =8 86 ,P =0 0 0 5 ;χ2 =4 90 ,P =0 0 4 )、淋巴结转移 (χ2 =10 2 2 ,P =0 0 0 1;χ2 =9 6 2 ,P =0 0 0 2 )、ER(χ2 =2 9 87,P =0 0 0 1;χ2 =32 0 8,P =0 0 0 1)、PR(χ2 =19 5 6 ,P =0 0 0 1;χ2 =2 6 92 ,P =0 0 0 1)均相关 ;cyclinE和EGFR阳性表达组的病例有局部复发和远处转移的发生率明显高于阴性表达组的病例 (χ2 =7 33,P =0 0 1;χ2 =7 88,P =0 0 0 5 ) ;cyclinE和EGFR阳性表达病例的平均生存时间和 5年生存率均明显低于阴性表达的病例。结论cyclinE和EGFR的表达可预测乳腺癌的转移和复发 ,是指导临床治疗及估计预后的有意义指标。     

c-erbB-2和cox-2在乳腺癌中的表达及其意义

应用免疫组化技术 ,检测人乳腺良恶性疾病组织中c erbB 2和cox 2蛋白的表达 ,分析其与淋巴结转移、激素受体状态的关系。 40例乳腺癌组织中c erbB 2表达阳性率为 3 5 .0 %,淋巴结阳性及激素受体阴性者表达率显著高于无淋巴结转移及受体阳性者 (均P <0 .0 5 ) ;cox 2表达阳性率为 47.5 %,激素受体阴性者表达率显著高于受体阳性者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但与淋巴结转移无关 (P >0 .0 5 )。 10例良性乳腺疾病及 2例正常乳腺组织中无c erbB 2表达 ,仅有 1例乳腺囊肿病cox 2表达阳性 ,c erbB 2与cox 2的表达存在显著的相关性 (P <0 .0 5 )。提示c erbB 2和cox 2与乳腺癌的发生、转移及预后均有密切关系 ,同时进行两者的免疫组化检测对评估乳腺癌的预后及选择靶向治疗对象可能有意义。     

紧密连接蛋白claudin-1与乳腺肿瘤的相关性研究

目的探讨紧密连接蛋白claudin-1在乳腺肿瘤组织中的表达及其与乳腺癌发生、发展的关系。方法应用组织芯片技术和免疫组织化学法研究89例乳腺癌和37例乳腺良性病变中claudin-1的表达情况,并统计分析其与乳腺癌淋巴结转移、TNM分期和肿块最大径以及组织学分级间的关系。结果 claudin-1在乳腺癌组织中的表达强度明显弱于乳腺良性病变者(χ2=19.20,P=0.000 2)。在有淋巴结转移的乳腺癌组织中claudin-1表达强度明显弱于无淋巴结转移者(χ2=3.85,P=0.049 7);TNM分期为Ⅲ期的乳腺癌组织中claudin-1表达强度分别弱于Ⅰ期(χ2=5.29,P=0.021 4)和Ⅱ期(χ2=7.46,P=0.006 3)。claudin-1表达强度在肿块最大径各组间(χ2=1.58,P=0.453 8)及组织学各分级之间(χ2=1.02,P=0.600 5)比较差异均无统计学意义。结论乳腺癌的发生、发展及转移可能与claudin-1的表达强度有关,可作为判断乳腺癌淋巴结转移和估计预后的参考指标之一。     

乳腺癌微转移的CK19和CD44表达研究

目的探讨乳腺癌患者外周血中CK19和CD4 4mRNA的表达与术后乳腺癌微转移的关系。方法采用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)方法 ,检测 10 7例乳腺癌患者 (腋窝淋巴结癌转移阳性者 4 5例 ,腋窝淋巴结癌转移阴性者 6 2例 )手术前 2 4h和手术后 12d血中CK19与CD4 4mRNA的表达 ,同时与 35例良性乳腺病患者及 6 0例健康献血员进行比较。结果手术前 2 4h患者血中CK19和CD4 4mRNA阳性表达率分别为 31 8% (34/10 7)和 32 7% (35 /10 7) ,与手术后 12d和对照组比较差异均有显著性 (χ2 值 :CK19分别为 10 74、2 1 0 4 ;CD4 4分别为 8 70、2 0 18;均P <0 0 5 )。CK19与CD4 4检测血中乳腺癌细胞特异度为 88 7% ,此二项指标联合应用敏感度为 10 0 %。CK19与CD4 4均表达者的 5年生存率为 5 7 80 % (11/19) ,均不表达者的 5年生存率为 90 4 7% (19/2 1)。二者比较差异有显著性 (χ2 =4 0 4 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论联合检测乳腺癌患者血中CK19、CD4 4mRNA的表达 ,可提高诊断乳腺癌微转移的敏感性和特异性。     

乳腺癌淋巴结转移与癌组织中白细胞介素-6及受体的关系

目的　研究乳腺癌淋巴结转移与活体癌组织中白细胞介素 6(IL 6)及白细胞介素 6受体 (IL 6R)表达的关系。方法　应用病理学诊断方法检查腋淋巴结有无癌细胞转移 ,采用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)的方法检测乳腺癌组织IL 6、IL 6R的mRNA表达。结果　IL 6组中 ,有腋淋巴结转移的癌组织中IL 6表达率为 47.619% (10 /2 1) ,无转移的为 82 .979% (3 9/4 7) ,差异有非常显著性 (χ2 =9.0 13 ,P <0 .0 1) ;IL 6R组中 ,有淋巴结转移的IL 6R表达率为 3 8.0 95 % (8/2 1) ,无转移的为 89.3 62 % (4 2 /4 7) ,差异有非常显著性 (χ2 =19.60 ,P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　乳腺癌组织中的IL 6及IL 6R表达与乳腺癌患者的淋巴结转移及预后有关     

RECK、MMP-2和MMP-9基因在结肠癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的：研究回复引导半胱氨酸丰富蛋白Kazal基元（RECK）、基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）和基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）基因在结肠癌中的表达情况及其意义。方法：采用半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法检测40例结肠癌组织及癌旁组织RECK、MMP-2、MMP-9基因的表达并作相对定量分析。结果：与癌旁组织相比,结肠癌组织中RECK基因表达显著降低（0.46±0.16比0.88±0.08,P〈0.01）,而MMP-2、MMP-9基因表达显著增高（0.41±0.13比0.14±0.13,0.28±0.11比0.12±0.06,P〈0.01）,RECK基因的表达与MMP-2、MMP-9呈显著负相关（r=-0.918,P〈0.01;r=-0.855,P〈0.01）;MMP2、MMP9基因表达水平与淋巴结转移、TNM分期相关;RECK则与肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移、远处转移及TNM分期相关。结论：结肠癌组织中存在RECK基因的低表达和MMP-2、MMP-9基因的高表达,其机制可能与RECK抑制MMP-2和MMP-9基因的表达有关。联合检测RECK、MMP2、MMP9基因的表达对结肠癌的诊断以及转移和临床分期的判断具有重要的意义。     

乳腺癌哨兵淋巴结检出相关临床和组织学因素

目的　探讨乳腺癌术中哨兵淋巴结 (sentinellymphnode ,SLN)检出成功率的预测因素。方法　应用原发肿瘤周围注射 1%亚甲蓝示踪方法对 10 8例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期原发乳腺癌患者进行哨兵淋巴结活检 (sentinellymphnodebiopsy ,SLNB) ,随后行包括腋窝淋巴结清扫 (ALND)在内的乳腺癌手术。通过分析评估临床和组织学因素 ,确定术中SLN成功检出的相关因素。　结果　 10 8例患者术中行SLNB ,84例成功证实SLN(77 78% )。在被评估的临床因素中 ,年龄 <5 0岁 (χ2 =7 4 4 7,P <0 0 1)、原发肿瘤位于上、外象限 (χ2 =6 330 ,P <0 0 5 )、术前穿刺活检确诊 (χ2 =5 5 0 9,P <0 0 5 )、淋巴管示踪成功 (χ2=13 12 5 ,P <0 0 1)明显地与术中SLN的成功证实有关。组织学因素与SLN的检出无关。　结论SLNB过程中SLN检出可能失败。术中SLN证实最好的预测因子是淋巴管示踪成功 ,另外的因素如年龄 ,肿瘤位置和确诊方法对SLN的成功检出同样重要。     

Urinary MMP-9/NGAL complex in children with acute cystitis

The matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) are shown to increase in an inflammatory situation. Based on our previous reports that NGAL can be detected in the urine of children with urinary tract infection (UTI), we also asked whether MMP-9/NGAL complex could be detected in the urine of children with UTI. This multicenter, prospective study was conducted between October 2009 and October 2010. Seventy-one patients with symptomatic culture proven UTI, 37 asymptomatic children with contaminated urine and 37 healthy children were recruited. Mean uMMP-9/NGAL/Cr levels were significantly higher in the UTI group than in the control group (p < 0.0001). According to ROC analysis, the optimal cut-off level was 0.08 ng/mg to predict UTI. Using a cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity were 98.6 and 97.3%, respectively. The mean levels of uMMP-9/NGAL/cr in the UTI group were also significantly higher than those in the contamination group (p < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference between contamination group and the control group (p = 0.21). The mean uMMP-9/NGAL/Cr in the UTI group were significantly higher before treatment than after treatment (p < 0.0001). The area under the curve was 0.997 (SE: 0.002, 95% CI: 0.993 to 1.001) for uMMP-9/NGAL/Cr. Urinary MMP-9/NGAL/Cr level was also correlated with positive urine nitrite test, positive urine leukocyte esterase reaction and renal scarring (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, p = 0.04, respectively) whereas was not correlated to leukocytosis and positive CRP level in serum. Urine MMP-9/NGAL/cr can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for UTI in children. Identification of NGAL-MMP-9/cr levels in the urine of suspected UTI patients may also be useful to differentiate between contamination and infection and for monitoring of treatment response in children.     

Axillary lymph node metastases in patients with small carcinomas of the breast: is accurate prediction possible?

OBJECTIVES: To find out whether macroscopic classification of the tumour margin is predictive of axillary lymph node metastases and to identify a combination of clinical and pathological findings by which axillary node status can be predicted accurately in small carcinomas (T1) of the breast. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Municipal referral centre, Japan. SUBJECTS: All 1003 patients with T1 invasive carcinoma of the breast who had axillary lymph node dissection between January 1970 and December 1996 as part of their treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The association between the incidence of axillary lymph node metastases and 10 clinical and pathological factors (age, palpability and size of tumour, macroscopic classification of tumour margin, clinical axillary status, radiating spiculation on a mammogram, histological type, lymphatic invasion, oestrogen and progesterone receptor status) were analysed. RESULTS: Clinical axillary node status, macroscopic classification of tumour margin, lymphatic invasion, and age of the patient were significant predictors of axillary lymph node metastases (p < 0.01 in each case). Among 47 patients aged 65 or more whose tumours had well-defined margins and with a clinical N0 status in the axillae, the incidence of histological axillary lymph node metastasis was only 6% (n = 3) whereas it was 65% in 57 patients with tumours of ill-defined margins whose axillae were N1 or N2. CONCLUSIONS: Macroscopic classification of tumour margins is an independent predictor of axillary lymph node metastases for patients with small carcinomas of the breast. However, even with combinations of the examined predictors of axillary node metastases, the subgroup of patients at minimal risk of metastasis was less than 5% in T1 breast cancer, whereas three-quarters of the patients had clear axillary lymph nodes. Most patients with T1 breast cancer will need surgical staging of the axillae by methods such as sentinel node biopsy.     

MMP-2、MMP-9、Cathepsin-D在淋巴结阴性乳腺癌中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的研究MMP-2、MMP-9(matrixmetalloproteinase,基质金属蛋白酶)、Cathepsin-D(组织蛋白酶D)在淋巴结阴性乳腺癌中的表达与预后的关系。方法用免疫组织化学ABC法检测270例淋巴结阴性乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织中MMP-2、MMP-9、Cathepsin-D的表达。结果肿瘤组织中MMP-2、MMP-9、Cathepsin-D的阳性率分别为56·7%(153/270)、59·6%(161/270)、55·6%(150/270);单因素分析MMP-2阳性、MMP-9阳性及两者共表达患者有较低的无复发生存率,多因素分析发现MMP-2和MMP-9共表达能独立预测患者的无复发生存率(RR=2·487;P<0·05)。结论在淋巴结阴性乳腺癌患者中MMP-2和MMP-9的阳性表达患者的预后较差。     

Effect of lymphatic mapping on diagnosis and treatment of patients with T1a,T1b favorable breast cancer

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of nodal metastasis in a consecutive series of patients treated at the authors' institution with highly selective criteria, and to determine the impact that lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy have on the detection of nodal metastases in this carefully selected patient population. METHODS: Study patients were selected from the 7,750 breast cancer patients entered into the authors' database from April 1989 to August 2001, based on the following criteria: nonpalpable, T1a and T1b, non-high nuclear grade tumors, without lymphovascular invasion. RESULTS: Of the 7,750 patients in the database 1,327 (17%) were found to have T1a and T1b lesions. Three hundred eighty-nine patients were confirmed to meet all four selection criteria. This represents 5% (389/7,750) of the authors' breast cancer patients and 29.3% (389/1,327) of the authors' T1a/T1b tumors. One hundred sixty patients were diagnosed before routine use of lymphatic mapping, and only one patient had a positive axillary lymph node. Two hundred twenty-nine patients underwent lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy, and 10 had a positive axillary lymph node. The difference in proportions of nodal positivity between the mapped and unmapped patients was significant. CONCLUSIONS: This study clearly demonstrates the ability of lymphatic mapping and a more detailed examination of the sentinel node to increase the accuracy of axillary staging. It has been argued that this highly selected group of breast cancer patients possessing retrospectively identified "favorable" characteristics does not require axillary staging. This select population represents only 5% of breast cancer patients in this series, and the authors do not believe they can be accurately identified preoperatively. Therefore, the authors strongly argue for evaluation of the axillary nodal status by lymphatic mapping.     

Bmi-1 及Mel-18在乳腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的：探讨Bmi-1和Mel-18在乳腺癌组织中的表达和临床意义。方法：采用RT-PCR和免疫组织化学染色法检测Bmi-1和Mel-18基因与蛋白在40例乳腺癌组织和20例乳腺良性肿瘤组织及20例正常乳腺组织中的表达。分析两者在乳腺癌组织中的表达情况和相关性,以及两者表达与临床病理因素的关系。结果：Bmi-1 mRNA的表达和蛋白阳性率在正常乳腺组织、乳腺良性组织、乳腺癌组织均呈明显依次递增（均P<0.05）,而Mel-18则基本呈反向趋势（正常乳腺组织与乳腺良性组织间差异不明显）;乳腺癌组织中Bmi-1与Mel-18 mRNA及蛋白表达之间均明显呈负相关（r=-0.317,P=0.023;r=-0.413,P=0.008）;两者基因表达和蛋白阳性率水平与淋巴结转移及临床分期密切相关（均P<0.05）,而与患者的年龄、绝经状况、肿瘤大小、组织学分级无关（均P>0.05）。结论：Bmi-1过表达与Mel-18低表达可能是乳腺组织恶性转变以及乳腺癌发生浸润转移的重要生物学标志。

     

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in surgically resected intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has recently been reported to be related to cancer cell invasion. This study was performed to clarify the expression of MMP-9 in surgically resected intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC). METHODS: In 37 patients with IHCC who underwent a surgical resection, the expression of MMP-9 and the clinicopathologic characteristics of MMP-9-positive IHCC were investigated. The expression of MMP-9 was immunohistochemically detected in 16 (43%) of 37 IHCC. The patients were divided into MMP-9 (-) IHCC (n = 21), MMP-9 (+) IHCC (n = 12), and MMP-9 (++) IHCC (n = 4). RESULTS: The survival rate after surgical resection in patients with MMP-9 (-), (+), and (++) IHCC, was 66%, 39%, and 0% at one year, 50%, 32% and 0% at 3 years, respectively (P = .001). The incidence rate of lymph node metastasis was 6 (28%) of 21 in MMP-9 (-) patients, 7 (58%) of 12 in MMP-9 (+) patients and 4 (100%) of 4 in MMP-9 (++) patients. The incidence rate of lymph node metastasis increased in proportion to an increase in the expression of MMP-9 in IHCC (P = .02). Recurrence in the lymph node was more common in patients with MMP-9 (+) and (++) cancers than in those with MMP-9 (-) cancers. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of MMP-9 in IHCC was a prognostic factor related to lymph node metastasis.     

NuSAP在乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨乳腺癌组织中新型微管结合蛋白Nu SAP的表达及临床意义。方法:选取乳腺癌组织50例,与相应癌旁正常乳腺组织37例(距癌灶5 cm以上)以及乳腺良性病变组织20例,分别用免疫组化与实时荧光定量PCR方法检测Nu SAP蛋白与m RNA的表达,分析Nu SAP表达与乳腺癌患者临床病理特征的关系。结果:Nu SAP蛋白与m RNA在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平明显高于癌旁正常组织和乳腺良性病变组织(均P0.05);Nu SAP蛋白与m RNA的表达均在有腋窝淋巴结转移、HER-2表达阳性的乳腺癌组织中明显升高(均P0.05),而与绝经状态、年龄以及ER、PR、Ki-67的表达无关(均P0.05)。结论:Nu SAP在乳腺癌组织中的表达升高,且可能与乳腺癌的发生、发展及侵袭密切相关。     

Are there any new reliable markers to detect renal injury in obese children?

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the serum and urine levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), osteopontin (OPN), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and serum Cystatin-C to determine the renal effect of obesity in obese children.

Methods: Seventy-two obese and 35 non-obese healthy children were included in this study. Blood pressure (BP) was evaluated with office measurement. Creatinine, cystatin C, lipids, fasting glucose, and insulin levels were measured, and homeostasis model assessment -insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The urine albumin/creatinine ratio was calculated. The serum and urine KIM-1, NGAL, OPN, and MMP-9 levels were measured.

Results: Serum cystatin-C, triglyceride, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were found to be significantly higher in the obese group (p?=?.0001), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was found to be significantly lower (p?=?.019) in the obese group. No significant differences were found in serum KIM-1, NGAL, OPN or MMP-9 levels between groups (p?>?.05). No significant differences were found in urine KIM-1 and MMP-9 levels (p?>?.05), Urine NGAL, and OPN levels were found significantly higher in obese groups (p?Conclusions: According to our results, although serum KIM-1, NGAL, OPN, MMP-9, and urine MMP-9, urine KIM-1 do not appear to be ideal markers to evaluate renal injury in the early period of obesity, the serum levels of cystatin C and urine NGAL, urine OPN can be used as a good marker for assessing the renal effect of obesity which can lead end stage renal disease in pediatric population.