急性白血病患者血浆肿瘤坏死因子及抑制物

利用ＴＮＦ细胞毒生物学活性检测法和ＴＮＦ抑制物生物活性检测法，检测２２例初治急性白血病体内ＴＮＦ和ＴＮＦＩＮＨ水平。急性白血病患血浆ＴＮＦ水平明显增高。达１１．４２±６．０２ｕ／ｍｌ。抗人ＴＮＦａ单抗能完全中和Ｍ４，Ｍ５，Ｍ６型急性非淋巴细胞白血病患血浆ＴＮＦ活性。部分患血浆中同时存在ＴＮＦ和ＴＮＦＩＮＨ。ＴＮＦ阴性的患血浆中亦单独存在ＴＮＦＩＮＨ活性，和正常人相比明显增高，其对ｔｈＴＮＦ     

人工晶体植入围手术期血浆内皮素,肿瘤坏死因子α测定的临床意义

探讨血浆内皮素－１、肿瘤坏死因子α在人工晶体植入术后动态变化的临床意义。；方法：对２４例白内障囊外摘除后房型人工晶体植入术后患者及２０名健康对照组进行血浆ＥＴ－１、ＩＮＦα测定，检测方法为放射免疫测定。     

肿瘤坏死因子α转化酶的性质及其作用

体内成熟的ＴＮＦ为１７ＫＤ,其由２６ＫＤ之前体蛋白在Ａla^76-Val^77之间断裂产生,催化此过程的酶称为肿瘤坏死因子α转化酶（Ｔumor Necrosis Factor a Converting Enzyme,TACE),其确切性质及作用意义,目前尚未完全明了,本文就此作一简要综述。     

肿瘤坏死因子-α致胰岛素抵抗

胰岛素抵抗（ｉｎｓｕｌｉｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ，ＩＲ）是指胰岛素作用的靶器官、组织（主要为肝脏、肌肉、脂肪组织）对胰岛素生物学效应的反应性降低或丧失，因而产生一系列病理和临床表现。ＩＲ的病因复杂，一般认为有关基因突变所造成的极端ＩＲ很少见，而遗传易感性基础上的环境因素可能起着重要影响，但对其产生的具体机制并不明了。近年来，肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦα）在ＩＲ发生机制中的作用受到了很大关注。本文对ＴＮＦα与ＩＲ的关系作一简要综述。一、ＩＲ时ＴＮＦα过度表达：Ｈｏｔａｍｉｓｌｉｇｉｌ等［１］发现，ｏ…     

原因不明不孕患者外周血细胞肿瘤坏死因子α表达的研究

不孕症的病因非常复杂 ,就女方而言 ,除与解剖、遗传、内分泌及感染因素有关外 ,还有 10 %～2 0 %的患者原因不明。在此类患者中 ,免疫因素占2 0 % ,起着不可忽视的作用[1] ,体液免疫中研究最多的是抗精子抗体 (ＡｓＡｂ) ,大量的动物及临床试验已证实了ＡｓＡｂ导致不孕的病理     

17例中枢神经系统白血病脑脊液D-二聚体含量测定

分子标志物D—二聚体定量测定可以准确反映中枢神经系统血白病的诊治效果及其预后评估。本研究共检测了17例中枢神经系统白血病(CNSL)患者的脑脊液D—二聚体(CSF DD)水平，并与正常人及未患CNSL的急性白血病(AL)病人对照，以探讨其对中枢神经系统白血病的诊断、疗效评价及预后评估的价值。     

Binswanger病患者肿瘤坏死因子-α含量观察

目的和方法：观察Binswanger病患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α的变化。Binswanger病组对例,多发性梗塞性痴呆组16冽,健康对照组6例。应用放射免疫法测定血清及胞脊液中肿瘤坏死因子-α含量,用预内静脉与肘静脉血清肿瘤坏死因子-α含量的比值反映脑循环中肿瘤坏死因子-α的水平。结果：Binswanger病组脑循环及脑脊液中肿瘤坏死因子-α显著高于其它两组,两个指标均与Binswanger病患者简易智力状态量表积分呈负相关。结论：肿瘤坏死因子-α可能参与了Binswanger病的发病机制。     

肿瘤坏死因子α诱发胰岛素抵抗的机理

本文通过论述肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ－α）对葡萄糖运载体，路氨酸磷酸化，脂代和谢及其他激素的影响，阐述ＴＮＦ－α诱发胰岛素抵抗的机理。     

肿瘤坏死因子和一氧化氮,一氧化氮酶测定在老年糖尿病及管？…

肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ -α）、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）和一氧化氮酶（ＮＯＳ）是重要的细胞因子。目前已有ＴＮＦ -α或／和ＮＯ在糖尿病中的研究报告［１］［２］。但未见和ＮＯＳ三者联合测定的报告。本文对７６例老年糖尿病及血管并发症患者血清联合测定ＴＮＦ-α、ＮＯ和ＮＯＳ,旨在探讨其在该病发生、发展过程中的临床价值。现报告如下。对象和方法一、对象 :（一）正常对照组 :４５例（男３２ ,女１３） ,年龄６０～７８岁 ,平均６５．７岁 ,为我院健康体检者 ,血糖、血脂、肝肾功能、心功能正常 ,近期排除恶性肿瘤的可能。（二）糖尿病组 :…     

Clinical significance of measurement of circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha]

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) is an important mediator of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The analysis of its pathophysiologic roles has been difficult because low concentrations of TNF alpha, including those in healthy controls, cannot be measured by existing methods. We developed a sensitive Immuno-PCR assay for the detection of TNF alpha in human serum. The DNA label was generated by PCR amplification using biotinylated primer and was bound by streptavidin to the biotinylated third antibody. TNF alpha sandwiched by antibodies was detected by amplification of the DNA label using PCR. The limit of detection of the assay was 0.001 pg/ml, an approximately 5 x 10(4)-fold improvement compared with conventional ELISA. The mean serum TNF alpha concentration in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients (27.8 pg/ml) was approximately 1,000 times higher than that in healthy subjects (0.027 pg/ml). The mean value in inflammatory bowel disease patients was approximately 2,000 times that in healthy subjects (mean excess for UC, 1,100 times; for CD, 7,700 times). These findings suggest that measuring the serum concentration using a highly sensitive Immuno-PCR assay may be useful for analyzing the clinical significance of TNF alpha in various diseases.     

Biological properties of human mutant tumor necrosis factor-α

Antitumor activities of tumor necrosis factor-α and its mutant analog R31Q are studied in HEp-2 and U-937 cell cultures. Cytotoxic activity of R31Q virtually does not differ from that of the initial form of tumor necrosis factor-α and its cytostatic effect was even slightly higher. The nonspecific toxicity of R31Q toward human diploid fibroblasts L-68 is lower. Comparative study of the drug pharmacokineticsin vivo showed a better preservation and higher concentration in the blood of the mutant analog of tumor necrosis factor-α. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 1, pp. 89–92, January, 1998     

脑挫伤后肿瘤坏死因子α表达水平变化的实验研究

目的：探讨脑挫伤后，肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necrosis factor—α，TNFα）在介导神经组织炎症反应中的作用。方法：取50只大鼠，随机分为10组，每组各5只。1组设为正常对照组，其余9组分别在脑挫伤（自由落体打击脑损伤）后1、2、4、8、24h及3、5、7、10d处死，取脑组织获得组织提取液，采用ELISA法检测出正常及各损伤组脑损伤TNF—α的含量变化。结果：脑组织中TNF—α的合成在损伤后2h开始出现明显升高，6h达到最高后，迅速下降，至伤后24h基本恢复正常水平，伤后3d其合成水平再次升高，至第5d达到高峰后缓慢下降，伤后10d恢复至伤前水平。结论：中枢神经损伤后，TNF—α在介导神经组织炎症反应中可能发挥着重要作用。     

The possible significance of IgA in abnormal cerebrospinal fluid

In a study of 21 patients with disease of the central nervous system IgA, which is normally absent, could be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid in the presence of meningitis of bacterial or fungal origin: the concentration of IgA in the cerebrospinal fluid could not, however, be correlated with serum levels. A reaction of non-identity has been demonstrated between serum and cerebrospinal fluid IgA using the diffusion technique on cellulose acetate.These data seem to suggest that cerebrospinal fluid IgA is produced independently of serum IgA and can be detected in measurable amounts where microorganisms are the cause of inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.     

新型基因工程人肿瘤坏死因子-α的临床前研究

目的 研究一种新型基因工程人肿瘤坏死因子－α(nrhTNF-α)的临床前药理、毒理和药代动力学特性。方法 观察nrhTNF-α对动物移植性肿瘤的抑制作用、毒副作用（如急性中毒反应和死亡情况，过敏反应，以及对神经系统、呼吸系统、心血管系统、造血系统和免疫系统的影响）及药代动力学变化。结果 nrhTNF-α具有明显的抑瘤作用且呈剂量依赖性。对动物的急性中毒表现及病理变化与rhTNF-α相似，未见其他不良反应。结论 nrhTNF-α的抑瘤作用明显，毒副反应低，具有良好的临床应用前景。     

Correlation of tumor necrosis factor levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid with clinical outcome in Japanese encephalitis patients

To investigate the prognostic role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection, we measured the immunoreactive forms of TNF concentrations in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 47 laboratory-confirmed cases of JE. It was observed that TNF levels were elevated (>15 pgm/ml) in all the 47 serum samples (range 19.4–923.8 pg/ml), while in 46/47 CSF samples TNF was elevated (range 10.8–376 pg/ml). The mean (SD) TNF levels in the serum of fatal cases was 234.34 pg/ml (304.40) as compared to the mean of 85.31 pg/ml (SD 153.92) in nonfatal cases. Similar observations were also made with respect to the TNF levels in the CSF; the mean of fatal cases was 69.39 pg/ml (SD 39.00) in contrast to the mean of 62.41 pg/ml (SD 75.25) of nonfatal cases. The increase in TNF levels did not show any correlation to the duration of illness. It was further observed that the mortality rate increased with increasing concentrations of TNF in the serum and CSF. Correlation of laboratory parameters to final outcome revealed that TNF concentrations above 50 pg/ml in serum correlated significantly (P = .05) with a fatal outcome, whilst high levels of JEV-IgM antibodies (>500 units) in the CSF correlated with a nonfatal outcome (P = .03). These results suggest that TNF can be used as a possible prognosticator of a fatal outcome in JEV infection. J Med Virol 51:132–136, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.