Biologically false positive reactions to serological tests for syphilis

The frequency of biologically false positive reactions to serological tests for syphilis depends on a number of factors, including the individual immunological response, the number and type of serological tests performed, and the stage of the disease producing such reactions; the relative importance of such factors is discussed. The author also considers in detail the diseases or conditions giving rise to acute or chronic biologically false positive reactions.     

Present status of serological tests for syphilis

The authors first discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the various serological tests now in common use, or coming into use, for the detection and management of syphilis and also compare the different antigens used in those tests. They lay stress on the difficulties caused by the “unit” system of recording results, whereby identical findings with two or more tests may be given different numerical values for each test, and suggest that results should instead be given in dilution reactivity end-points (dils).     

Comparative studies on serological tests for syphilis

A comparative study was undertaken by the authors to determine the most reliable of the serodiagnostic tests for syphilis in current use in Japan. The criteria for the selection of sera, the way in which the standard tests were chosen, and the statistical method used for evaluating the results are described, and some of the detailed results are given. Five tests—the VDRL test, the agglutination test, Ogata''s test, the Kahn test (with cardiolipin antigen), and Browning''s test modified by Taniguchi (with cardiolipin antigen)—were found to be comparable in reliability to the Kolmer (Lederle) and VDRL (Lederle) tests employed in the USA.     

Evaluation of reagin card tests for syphilis.

The macroscopic rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and reagin screen (RST) card tests for syphilis were compared. Test specimens were also examined with the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) microscopic slide test; those reactive in the card or slide tests were examined with the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-ABS) procedure. Agreement between the card tests with 2,300 specimens was 99%; among all three reagin tests it was 96.3%. With 348 specimens reactive in one or more of the tests, there was 75.6% agreement among all three tests. The FTA-ABS was reactive with 71% of the RPR- or RST- and 65% of the VDRL-reactive specimens. The comparison showed that the card tests give results in close agreement with those of VDRL while offering a number of practical advantages over it.     

梅毒快速检测及其在孕产妇梅毒筛查中的应用

梅毒快速检测已经成为梅毒筛查和诊断手段中的重要补充.WHO推荐在资源有限的地区应用梅毒快速检测方法,以提高孕产妇梅毒筛查和检测的覆盖面,加强梅毒母婴传播的有效控制.此文就目前梅毒快速检测的状况及其在孕产妇筛查中的应用进行了综述.     

过敏性紫癜患儿梅毒血清学试验假阳性的探讨

目的探讨过敏性紫癜患儿自身抗体对梅毒螺旋体酶联免疫吸附实验(treponema pallidum-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,TP-ELISA)的影响。 方法回顾性对比分析2016年1月至2017年10月四川大学华西第二医院38例TP-ELISA假阳性与38例TP-ELISA阴性的过敏性紫癜患儿的临床信息。真阳性组分别对(几组)患儿的血清样本做梅毒血清学ELISA试验、甲苯胺红不加热血清试验(tolulized red unheated serum test,TRUST)、梅毒螺旋体血球凝集试验(treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay,TPHA)、抗核抗体(antinuclear antibody,ANA)试验。并以W检验考察数据是否呈正态分布;用非参数Kurska-Wallis H检验、Mann-Whitney U检验考察组间的相关性。 结果假阳性组TP-ELISA的S/Co值显著低于真阳性组(P<0.05),且显著高于真阴性组(P<0.05)。假阳性组患儿中抗核抗体(ANA)检测阳性率达到(42.11%),其中颗粒型占(28.95%),核仁型占(13.16%)。 结论过敏性紫癜患儿体内的自身抗体可能会导致TP-ELISA假阳性,预示潜在的自身免疫性疾病。