Influence of histologic type and age on survival rates for invasive cervical carcinoma in Taiwan.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess survival rates and to evaluate histologic type and age as prognostic factors for cervical carcinoma in an ethnically homogenous population in Taiwan. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 3678 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma that were diagnosed and treated for invasive cervical carcinoma between 1977 and 1994. Observed survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were assessed using Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS: Correlating both FIGO stage and age with histologic type revealed a higher proportion of cases with adenocarcinoma in the lower FIGO stages (P = 0.0417). Further, we found that the younger the age group the higher the proportion of cases of cervical adenocarcinoma (P = 0.0006). The 5-year survival rate was lower for patients with adenocarcinoma than for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (66.5 vs 74.0%, P = 0.0009). The 5-year survival rates for FIGO stages I, II, III, and IV squamous cell carcinoma were 81.3, 75.2, 42.7, and 26.1%, respectively, while for adenocarcinoma they were 75.9, 62.9, 29.2, and 0%, respectively. The difference in survival rates between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma was found mainly in stage I (P = 0.0039) and stage II (P = 0.0103), where radiotherapy was used as the primary treatment. Age also affected the overall Kaplan-Meier estimate of survival. The younger the age group, the better the survival rate (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis confirmed a highly significant association between survival rate and both histologic type (P < 0.0001) and age (P = 0.0037). CONCLUSIONS: Early stage cervical cancer (stages I and II) with a glandular component had a lower 5-year survival rate than squamous cell carcinoma in cases where radiotherapy was the primary treatment. We speculate that this difference in survival rates between cervical adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was due to the relative ineffectiveness of radiotherapy as a primary treatment in cases of adenocarcinoma.     

Overall 5-year survival rate and prognostic factors in patients with stage IB and IIA cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection

Abstract. Kim SM, Choi HS, Byun JS. Overall 5-year survival rate and prognostic factors in patients with stage IB and IIA cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection.
The objective of this paper was to analyze the 5-year survival rate and prognostic factors for stage Ib and IIa cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy. A total of 366 patients with invasive cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy from June 1985 to June 1994 at Chonnam National University Hospital, Kwangju, Korea were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The overall 5-year survival rate was 92% in stage Ib and 87% in stage IIa. Factors assessed for prognostic value included age, FIGO stage, cell type, tumor size, depth of invasion, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), and pelvic lymph node metastases (LNM). In the multivariate analysis, age, cell type, and lymph node metastases were independent predictors of survival. Lower survival was associated with age greater than 50 years, adenocarcinoma, and presence of lymph node metastases. The higher survival rates in patients with single lymph node involvement or lymph node metastases below the level of the common iliac nodes (85 and 84.6%, respectively) versus multiple or extrapelvic lymph node metastases (50 and 20%, respectively) were statistically significant ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, patients who had lymph node metastases, adenocarcinoma, and were older than 50 years had a poorer survival rate. Such patients require more intense postoperative treatment and closer surveillance. Low-risk patients with a single lymph node metastasis below the level of the common iliac nodes may benefit from thorough lymphadenectomy without adjuvant therapy to prevent unpleasant complications.     

子宫颈腺癌159例预后影响因素分析

目的探讨影响宫颈腺癌预后的高危因素。方法选择1992年1月—2002年12月在中国协和医科大学肿瘤医院初治的159例宫颈腺癌为研究对象,收集其临床病理资料,进行预后影响因素的回顾性分析。结果患者总5年生存率为47 9%。其中临床分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者的5年生存率分别为86 1%、56 4%、36 0%、0。复发或转移发生率为29 6%, 复发或转移患者的5年生存率为17 3%。单因素分析显示,肿瘤直径(P=0 009)、临床分期(P<0 01)、血CA125水平(P=0 039)等与预后有关; 27例手术治疗患者中,淋巴结转移(P=0 001)、深肌层浸润(P=0 009)与预后有关。多因素分析显示,只有临床分期、淋巴结转移是独立的预后影响因素。结论临床分期、淋巴结转移是影响宫颈腺癌预后的主要因素,提高早期检出率、改进治疗措施对于提高宫颈腺癌的生存率有重要意义。     

Long-term outcome and prognostic factors in patients with cervical carcinoma: a retrospective study

This study evaluates treatment outcomes and possible prognostic factors of inoperable cervical cancer patients treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR BRT). Between 1993 and 2000, 183 patients with cervical cancer were treated at our institute. Radiotherapy was the sole treatment modality until January 1997; after the announcement of National Cancer Institute in 1999, 40 mg/m(2) of cisplatin (49%) was routinely applied every week. Median age was 54 years (32-92 years). Most patients (88%) had advanced-stage disease (IIB-IIIB). With a median follow-up time of 45 months (6-121 months), the 5-year overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival, disease-free survival (DFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates were 55%, 71%, 51%, and 77%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that age, tumor size, lymph node status, and concomitant cisplatin were prognostic factors for OS. The DFS rates were lower in young age group. Patients with tumor greater than 4 cm and age greater than 40 were at greater risk for local recurrence. Distant metastases were more frequent in patients with adenocarcinoma. Concurrent cisplatin use increases DMFS rates (91% vs 78%; P= 0.05). In multivariate analysis, extensive stage, parametrial infiltration, young age, adenocarcinoma histopathology, and lymph node metastasis were negative prognostic factors for OS while concomitant cisplatin increases OS. Likewise, patients with extensive stage, adenocarcinoma, and without concurrent cisplatin administration had more risk for distant metastasis. There was no treatment-related mortality. Grade 3-4 morbidity rates were seen only in eight patients (4%). The combination of EBRT and HDR BRT together with concomitant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced carcinoma of cervix is safe and well tolerated with acceptable morbidity.     

Invasive cervical carcinoma in patients aged 35 or younger.

There has been concern that invasive cervical carcinoma is more aggressive in young women. We studied retrospectively 36 patients who were less than 35 years old (mean age 30.8 years, range 22-35 years, SD 3.6), and 36 controls (mean age 59.4 years, range 40-72 years, SD 9.5), treated for invasive cervical carcinoma between 1976 and 1986. Histologically 31 (86%) were squamous cell carcinomas and 5 (14%) were adenocarcinomas both in the patients aged 35 years or younger and in the control group. Clinical findings and rates of pelvic lymph nodes metastases were comparable in both groups. Compared to controls, patients aged 35 or younger had longer intervals from diagnosis to recurrence (20.3 months vs. 9.0 months), longer intervals from recurrence to death (15.3 months vs. 7.0 months), and longer intervals from diagnosis to death (39.6 months vs 20.0 months). There was no difference between the groups in the 5-year survival (75% vs. 81%). In conclusion, we found no evidence that the overall clinical behaviour of invasive cervical cancer is more aggressive in young women.     

Stage IIB-IVB cervical adenocarcinoma: prognostic factors and survival.

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma is increasing relative to squamous cell carcinoma and all cervical cancers. Few reports have described the outcome of patients with advanced cervical adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic factors and survival for patients with stage IIB-IVB disease. METHODS: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained to perform a computerized search of all women diagnosed with cervical adenocarcinoma at our three institutions between 1982 and 2000. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical follow-up was obtained from the SGO database and tumor registry and via correspondence with health care providers. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression for clinical variables and the log-rank test to compare Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. RESULTS: Eighty-three women with FIGO stage IIB-IVB cervical adenocarcinoma were identified. The median patient age was 53 years (range, 22-88). The median follow-up of 17 (20%) surviving patients was 33 months (range, 6-147); 66 (80%) died during the study interval. Stage IIB disease, young patient age, and grade 1 histology were independent variables having a favorable impact on survival (each P < 0.02). Stage IIB patients (n = 41) were more likely to be alive at 2 (64% vs 8%) and 5 years (30% vs 0%) than women with stage IIIA-IVB disease (n = 42; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Women diagnosed with advanced stage cervical adenocarcinoma have a poor prognosis. Prospective, multicenter trials of platinum-based chemoradiation or other novel therapies are urgently needed in the treatment of this highly lethal disease.     

Usefulness of preoperative chemoradiation in locally advanced cervical carcinoma

This study investigated response rate, toxicity, and influence on intra- and postoperative complications of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation in locally advanced (Figo IB2-IIIB) cervical carcinomas. Twenty-eight patients (median age 46.5 years, age range 29-73 years), diagnosed as having squamous cell carcinomas (n=21), adenocarcinomas (n=6), and undifferentiated carcinoma (n=1), entered this study. The chemoradiation protocol included external radiotherapy to the pelvis (39.6 Gy), intra-arterial or intravenous infusion of cisplatin (70 mg/m2 on days 1 and 22), and 24-hour continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (700 mg/m2 on days 1-4 and 22-25). Two weeks after the end of chemoradiotherapy, the patients underwent restaging followed by suitable operation including pelvic lymphadenectomy. The median follow-up period in the surviving patients was 13.1 months. The response rate for chemoradiation was 93% (26/28). The 2-year disease free survival was 85.2%. Grade 3-4 neutropenia was observed in 14 patients (50%), 4 patients (14%) showed grade 3 anemia, and 5 patients (17.8%) showed grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia. Nineteen patients (67.8%) could undergo surgery after concurrent chemoradiation. Pathological examination revealed a complete response (pT0) in 7 patients, and 5 patients showed only microscopic residual disease (pTmic). In 4 patients, there were intraoperative complications: vesical lesions in 2 (10%) and small intestine lesions in 2 (10%). Neoadjuvant therapy with concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical carcinoma is effective, safe, and useful for increasing operability rates as well as decreasing intra- and postoperative complications. Therefore, neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation should be considered for treatment in patients with locally advanced cervical carcinomas who could not undergo primary operation.     

The clinicopathologic significance of laminin-5 γ2 chain expression in cervical squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma

Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is one of the most prevalent malignancies among women in developing countries and the third most common type worldwide. Squamous cell carcinoma predominates in the cervix uteri, while adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinomas represent about 10-15% of all cervical cancers. Many studies have confirmed that the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important etiologic factor in the development of cervical cancer. The aim of our study was to investigate the expression of the laminin-5 gamma2 chain in primary malignancies of the cervix uteri and to focus on the clinicopathologic significance of the expression of the laminin-5 gamma2 chain in cervical squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with respect to age and survival of the patients. The study consisted of a total of 89 cases of invasive cervical cancer (54 squamous carcinomas and 35 adenocarcinomas). The laminin-5 gamma2 chain was found in 80% of all the squamous carcinoma and in 66% of cervical adenocarcinoma. There was no correlation of the high expression of laminin-5 with survival. The univariate analysis in squamous cell carcinoma showed that factors such as the stage of the disease and positive lymph nodes had an impact on the survival of the patients, whereas in the multivariate analysis, only age at diagnosis was an independent prognostic factor. However, in cases with cervical adenocarcinoma, only the stage of the disease was an independent prognostic factor. There was no difference between HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors concerning the high expression of laminin-5 gamma2 chain. Our results indicate that the majority of the primary cervical tumors, especially squamous cell carcinoma, showed expression of laminin-5 gamma2 chain immunoreactivity. Independent prognostic values for the survival of the patients were age and stage of the disease.     

The prognosis and management of cervical cancer associated with pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the prognosis of patients with stage IB cervical cancer related to pregnancy. METHODS: We reviewed 53 patients from the University of Michigan diagnosed with cervical cancer related to pregnancy between 1960-1989. Patients with stage IB disease were compared with a control group less than 46 years old to determine whether pregnancy influenced survival. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 30.5 years (range 22-45). The number of patients treated by 5-year periods decreased from a high of 17 during 1965-1969 to a low of three during 1985-1989. The following cell types and stages were treated: squamous cell stages IA (four), IB (35), and IIB (six); adenocarcinoma stages IB (five) and IIB (two); and small-cell stage IIB (one). The 35 patients with stage IB disease had a cumulative 5-year survival of 83%. Positive lymph nodes were present in eight of 24 patients. There was no significant difference in 5-year survival according to the time of therapy (P = .45): Ten second-trimester patients had 90% survival, five third-trimester patients had 75% survival, and 20 postpartum patients had 75% survival. Eighteen of 21 patients treated by radical hysterectomy survived: three of four treated at term, five of five treated in the second trimester, and ten of 12 treated postpartum. Seven of 12 patients treated by radiation therapy survived: one of one treated at term, five of six treated in the second trimester, and one of five treated postpartum. When we compared these patients with 170 nonpregnant women less than 46 years old with stage IB squamous cell cancer, pregnancy did not adversely influence survival (P = .13). CONCLUSIONS: The number of patients diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer related to pregnancy has decreased. Survival is not altered by pregnancy for stage IB disease.     

Pelvic exenteration, University of Michigan: 100 patients at 5 years

One hundred patients undergoing pelvic exenteration (total 69, anterior 13, posterior 18) at the University of Michigan Medical Center from 1964-1984 are reported. All patients were followed for at least 5 years or until time of death. The overall cumulative survival was 66% at 3 years and 61% at 5 years. The age of the patients ranged from 21-74 years (median 53). The type of pelvic neoplasm included squamous cell of the cervix, 57; adenocarcinoma of the cervix, nine; squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, 12; squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina, eight; vaginal sarcoma, four; adenocarcinoma of the vagina, one; adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, four; uterine sarcoma, four; and adenocarcinoma of the ovary, one. The cumulative 5-year survival was significantly related to the presence of metastatic disease to the regional lymph nodes (8% 3-year and 0% 5-year survival), time interval from primary diagnosis to exenteration (within 1 year 44%, 1-10 years 60%, and over 10 years 95%), and cell type (squamous cell 68%, sarcoma 62%, and adenocarcinoma 26%). Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (N = 57) had a cumulative 5-year survival of 73%, compared with nine patients with adenocarcinoma of the cervix, who had a 22% 5-year survival. No significant difference in survival existed for the type of exenteration, original stage of squamous cell cervical carcinoma, size of recurrent squamous cell lesion, or age of the patient. Early or late complications occurred in 49 patients. Two patients died in the postoperative period. Small-bowel obstruction was the most common complication seen in this series.     

Invasive cervical cancer treated initially by standard hysterectomy

Ninety-two patients with invasive cervical cancer initially treated by standard hysterectomy were evaluated for features related to survival. The cell type included squamous cell (64) and adenocarcinoma (28). Posthysterectomy therapy included radiation therapy (78), pelvic lymphadenectomy (3), and radical parametrectomy (1). Hysterectomy was initially performed for the following indications: invasive lesion missed on cone biopsy, 17; hemorrhage at cone biopsy, 2; bleeding, 16; abnormal cytology, 13; presumed endometrial cancer, 9; known cancer, 7; pelvic relaxation, 5; planned therapy, 3; fibroids, 3; adnexal mass, 2; chronic discharge, 1; pyometra, 1; postpartum endometritis, 1. The cumulative 5-year survival for all patients was 68%, for squamous cell 80%, and for adenocarcinoma 41% (P = 0.0001). On postoperative evaluation 84 patients had presumed Stage I and 7 had parametrial involvement (Stage II). Patients with Stage I disease were then examined separately by cell type. Fifty-seven patients with squamous cell disease had cumulative 5-year survival of 85%. Radiation therapy in the immediate postoperative period produced a survival of 88%, compared to observation only with a 69% survival (P = .10). Patients with squamous cell disease and more than 50% cervical invasion had a 75% survival compared to a 96% survival for those with less than 50% (P = .02). The presence of disease at the surgical margins, grade, age, and increase in radiation therapy did not influence survival. Twenty-seven patients with presumed Stage I adenocarcinoma had a cumulative 5-year survival rate of 42%. Survival was significantly influenced by tumor grade (P = .018) and the amount of postoperative radiation therapy (P = .03), while age, amount of residual tumor, and presence of tumor at surgical margins did not influence survival. Patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma treated by standard hysterectomy and postoperative radiation therapy have a prognosis similar to those treated initially by either radical surgery or radiation therapy. Patients with adenocarcinoma appear to have a significantly decreased survival when compared to patients with squamous cell disease and their prognosis is related to tumor grade and the amount of postoperative pelvic radiation.     

局部晚期子宫颈癌新辅助化疗价值的评估

目的 探讨局部晚期宫颈癌新辅助化疗的疗效及影响近期疗效的相关因素,以及对患者长期生存的影响。方法 收集行新辅助化疗的Ⅰb2—Ⅱb期局部晚期宫颈癌患者64例,分析其化疗后的近期疗效及长期生存率,采用多元线性回归法分析影响化疗近期疗效的相关因素。结果 新辅助化疗的近期总有效率为80％（51／64）。化疗患者的近期疗效与病理类型有关,鳞癌患者的有效率（82％）明显高于腺癌（6／9,P〈0．05）;而与其他因素无关（P〉0．05）。化疗有效者手术后盆腔淋巴结阳性率为8％（4／51）,宫旁血管癌栓阳性率为2％（1／51）,均明显低于化疗无效者（分别为3／6、2／6;P〈0．05）。新辅助化疗后患者的总5年生存率为89％,其中化疗有效者5年生存率为100％,明显高于化疗无效者的46％（P〈0.05）。新辅助化疗有效者3、5年无瘤生存率分别为95％、83％,化疗无效者分别为33％、0,两者分别比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 局部晚期宫颈癌新辅助化疗的近期疗效与病理类型有关,对化疗有效者应选择手术,可提高长期生存率。     

Cytological history of 148 women presenting with invasive cervical cancer

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyse the cytological history of women presenting with invasive cervical cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 148 patients treated for invasive cervical cancer in three hospitals of the North Pas de Calais in France. RESULTS: The average age of patients was 49 (26-86). Squamous carcinomas represented 81% of cases (120/148), adenocarcinomas 17% (25/148) and adenosquamous carcinomas 2% (3/148). 36.5% of patients (54/148) had never had a Pap smear. 34.5% (51/148) had had an occasional Pap smear (the last one dated of more than three years). 8.1% (12/148) were lost for follow up after a positive Pap smear. 3.4% (5/148) were treated for cervical dysplasia less than three years before the diagnosis of the cervical cancer. 17.5% (26/148) had had a Pap smear reported as negative less than three years before the diagnosis of the cervical cancer. In this last group, squamous carcinomas represented 57.7% of cases (15/26), adenocarcinomas 38.5% (10/26) and adenosquamous carcinomas 3.8% (1/26). 18 Pap smears of 26 reported as negative less than three years before the diagnosis of the cancer were reviewed. These Pap smears came from 11 patients presenting with squamous carcinoma and seven other presenting with adenocarcinoma. After review, 15 Pap smears were reported as false negatives and two as true negatives. The review was not possible in one case. CONCLUSION: In this study, the failures of cervical cancer screening were essentially attributed to the lack or the insufficiency of screening and the existence of false negatives of the cytology.     

Modified radical hysterectomy in the treatment of early squamous cervical cancer

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of modified radical hysterectomy in the treatment of early cervical cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 56 patients with stage I (IA in 35, IB in 21) squamous cervical carcinoma treated with modified radical hysterectomy and followed for a minimum of 5 years (mean, 12 years; range, 5.1-29) was conducted. All pathology slides were reviewed for tumor size, grade, depth of invasion, and lymph-vascular permeation. RESULTS: The mean depth of invasion was 0.5 cm (range, 0.1-2.5 cm), and the mean tumor size was 1.1 cm (range, 0.1-7 cm). Only 3 patients (5.4%) had positive nodes. None of the patients with tumors 2 cm or less in size had positive nodes, whereas 33.3% of the patients with tumors more than 2 cm in size had positive nodes. A recurrence developed in 2 patients (5-year recurrence rate of 3.6%). There were 10 deaths during the entire follow-up period, but only 2 were related to cervical cancer. The disease-specific and overall 5-year survival rates were 96.4 and 94.6%, respectively. The disease-specific 5-year survival rate was 100% among the 47 patients with tumors 2 cm or less and 75% for the 9 patients with tumors larger than 2 cm. Univariate analysis identified stage, lymph node status, and tumor size as statistically significant prognostic factors for overall survival. Tumor grade, lymph-vascular permeation, and depth of invasion (1-3 mm vs >3 mm) were not statistically significant for overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Modified radical hysterectomy appears to be effective surgical therapy for patients with squamous cervical carcinoma 2 cm or less in size.     

Prognostic factors in pathologic parametrium-positive patients with stage IB-IIB cervical cancer treated by radical surgery and adjuvant therapy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to identify prognostic factors and recurrent patterns in pathologic parametrium-positive patients with stage IB-IIB cervical cancers treated by radical surgery and adjuvant therapy. METHODS: The patient population consisted of 84 individuals presenting with stage IB-IIB cervical cancers and histologically proven parametrial invasion. All these patients were treated postoperatively with adjuvant external whole pelvic irradiation, combination chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: The 5-year disease-free survival rate was found to be 67.2% and 5-year overall survival rate, 75.4%. Multivariate analysis revealed that vaginal invasion (p=0.0008), lymph node metastasis (p=0.002), and non-squamous histology (p=0.010) were independent indicators of the disease-free survival rates and that the vaginal invasion (p=0.009) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.011) were independent prognostic factors for the overall survival rates. The 5-year overall survival rate was approximately 90% for patients without these risk factors. Disease recurrence was observed in 26 patients (31.0%) with a median time of 16.5 months (range, 5-59 months) from the surgery. Hematogenous recurrences, including those in the lung, liver, and bone, were significantly higher in patients with non-squamous cell carcinomas (p=0.008). Distant lymph node recurrences were significantly higher in patients with positive pelvic lymph node and vaginal invasion (p=0.004 and p=0.023, respectively). Pelvic recurrences were significantly higher in patients with vaginal invasion (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal invasion and lymph node metastasis are independent indicators for disease-free and overall survival rates in pathologic parametrium-positive patients with stage IB-IIB cervical cancer treated by radical surgery and adjuvant therapy. The survival rate is excellent in the patients without these risk factors. Hematogenous recurrence may be evident in patients with non-squamous cell carcinomas.     

子宫颈癌Ⅱb期患者术中应用放射治疗的初步探讨

目的 对术中放射治疗（放疗）在子宫颈癌Ⅱb期患者中的应用进行初步评价。方法 将182例已确诊的宫颈癌Ⅱb期患者按愿望分成两组。术中放疗组：97例,行全子宫＋双侧附件切术除术,术中采用自制的盆腔专用限光筒照射12MeV的β射线－18－20Gy,配合术前外照射6MV的X线20G及腔内后装放疗A点10－14Gy/2次,单纯放疗组;85例,给予6MV的X线30Gy和中央遮挡20Gy,腔内后装放疗A点35－40Gy/5-6次。结果 宫颈癌Ⅱb期术中放疗组与单纯放疗组5年生存率分别是95％和88％,两组比较,差异无显著性（P＞0．05）;但宫颈腺癌患者生存情况明显改善,术中放疗组5年生存率为91％,单纯放疗组为6例中2例,两组比较,差异有极显著性（P＜0．01）。术中放疗组放射性直肠炎,骨髓抑制,消化道反应等放疗并发症明显少于单纯放疗组（P＜0．01）。结论 术中放疗中宫颈腺癌Ⅱb期患者提供了一种新的治疗方法,同时对缩小手术范围,减少放疗并发症,提高生存质量有积极的意义。     

子宫颈癌放疗前新辅助化疗的临床研究

目的 探讨新辅助化疗在宫颈癌治疗中的应用价值。方法 自1991年1月起山东省肿瘤医院开始进行放疗前新辅助化疗的临床前瞻性研究,选择1991年1月～2003年12月符合入组标准的宫颈癌患者共1609例,放疗前给予2个疗程联合化疗（A组）;另选择1989年1月-1990年12月接受单纯放疗的375例宫颈癌患者作对照（B组）。比较两组患者的近期控制情况、长期生存率及并发症的发生情况。结果 A组化疗2个疗程后总有效率为74．5％（1199／1609）,局部完全缓解率为1．6％（25／1609）。A组的3、5、10年生存率分别为90．3％（1017／1126）、75．3％（652／866）、59．0％（200／339）,其中临床分期Ⅱ期患者的5年生存率显著高于Ⅲ期者（P〈0．05）;而两者的3、10年生存率相近（P〉0．05）。B组的3、5、10年生存率分别为81．1％（304／375）、59．2％（222／375）、40．3％（151／375）,其中Ⅱ期患者的5、10年生存率均显著高于Ⅲ期者（P〈0．05）。A、B两组间5、10年生存率比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。A组宫颈腺癌患者的3、5、10年生存率均显著高于B组（P〈0．05）,且A组Ⅲ期患者的3、5年复发率及转移率明显低于B组（P〈0．05）;A组化疗屙的毒副反应主要为轻、中度消化道反应和骨髓抑制,经处理后均能恢复,其近期、远期放疗并发症发生率和B组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 新辅助化疗对宫颈癌的治疗是安全有效的,能明显提高患者的近期疗效和长期生存率,特别是对于宫颈腺癌及临床晚期患者效果尤为显著。     

A clinical study on endocervical type and endometrioid type cervical adenocarcinoma

Seventy-seven patients with cervical adenocarcinoma were treated at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Medical School from 1974 to 1987. Of these carcinomas, 42 (54.5%) were endocervical types and 35 (45.5%) were endometrioid types. Of the endocervical types 23.8% (10/42) were stage III-IV tumors, whereas 2.9% (1/35) of the endometrioid types were stage III-IV tumors (p less than 0.05). No significant differences were found between endocervical type and endometrioid type in the clinical background, the rate of lymph node involvement or the 5-year survival rate.     

Post-hysterectomy radiotherapy in FIGO stage IB-IIB uterine cervical carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: This study is a retrospective analysis of stage IB-IIB cervical carcinoma patients who had received postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). METHODS: Eight hundred patients with stage IB-IIB cervical carcinomas who received PORT after radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) between February 1979 and March 2000 were analyzed. RESULTS: The median follow-up duration was 100 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 88% and 81%, respectively. One hundred forty-six patients (18%) failed, and 103 of these had distant metastases. Multivariate analysis revealed that pelvic lymph node (LN) metastasis significantly compromised OS, DFS, pelvic failure-free survival (PFFS), and distant failure-free survival (DFFS) (P < 0.05). Patients with age <50 years, deep stromal invasion (DSI), and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) were significantly associated with a higher risk of distant metastasis after PORT. The incidences of late rectal, urinary, and small bowel complications of grade 3 or higher were 1.6%, 1.4%, and 1.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PORT achieved good OS and DFS in the patients with risk factors after radical hysterectomy for stage IB-IIB cervical carcinomas. Distant metastasis was the major pattern of treatment failure after PORT. Effective systemic chemotherapy might be a breakthrough in improving the outcome of PORT in patients with cervical carcinomas.     

宫颈腺癌86例临床分析

目的探讨宫颈腺癌的临床特点和预后影响因素。方法回顾性分析2000年1月至2009年1月解放军总医院妇产科收治的86例宫颈腺癌患者的临床资料。结果 86例患者5年总生存率为62.3%,其中临床期别Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者的5年生存率分别为83.3%、62.5%、13.7%和0。淋巴结转移患者5年生存率为21.4%,无淋巴结转移患者5年生存率85.1%,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);血CA125、CA199水平升高均合并淋巴结转移;保留卵巢患者总5年生存率为80.0%,不保留卵巢患者总5年生存率是59.7%,两者比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论临床期别、淋巴结转移是影响宫颈腺癌预后的主要因素;早期宫颈腺癌保留卵巢不影响生存率;CA125、CA199的检测对宫颈腺癌预后判断有一定的参考价值。