TCR BV CDR3谱型与自身免疫性疾病

自身抗原特异性T细胞克隆性增生在自身免疫病的发生发展中起重要作用，TCR CDR3区是T细胞直接与抗原接触的位点，一种CDR3序列代表一个T细胞克隆，通过对TCR BV CDR3谱型分析及序列测定可迅速发现自身免疫性T细胞克隆，指导疾病的免疫治疗。     

077 TCR BV CDR3谱型与自身免疫性疾病

自身抗原特异性T细胞克隆性增生在自身免疫病的发生发展中起重要作用，TCR CDR3区是T细胞直接与抗原接触的位点，一种CDR3序列代表一个T细胞克隆，通过对，TCR BV CDR3谱型分析及序列测定可迅速发现自身免疫性T细胞克隆，指导疾病的免疫治疗。     

结核性胸膜炎胸水CD4+与CD8+ T细胞的TCR和CDR3谱型分析

本研究的目的是了解结核性胸膜炎患者胸水中CD4^＋、CD8^＋T细胞聚集情况，并建立高效、灵敏的TCRα和β链多重PCR扩增方法，扩增出其特异性CD4^＋、CD^＋T细胞的TCRα和β链全长编码序列，研究病变局部特异性克隆增殖TCR的重排特点以及CDR3（complementarity-determining region 3）谱型，可供构建结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）特异反应性TCR四聚体参考。     

强直性脊柱炎患者外周血TCR Vα CDR3谱系基因扫描分析研究

目的:探讨强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者外周血T细胞受体α链可变区互补决定区3(TCR Vα CDR3)谱系多态性,为AS的免疫发病机制的研究提供实验基础。方法:采用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增34个TCR Vα亚家族,经免疫扫描谱型技术分析AS患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中T细胞TCR Vα CDR3的谱系漂移情况。结果:5例正常健康对照PB-MC TCR Vα CDR3谱型多数呈高斯分布。所有AS患者外周血T细胞均出现多个TCR Vα亚家族谱型的异常改变,异常峰型包括:单峰、寡峰/寡峰趋势、偏峰和不规则异常峰型。34个TCR Vα亚家族中,共有17个亚家族在少数患者中的扫描谱型呈单峰即单克隆增生。结论:AS患者PBMC TCR Vα CDR3谱系具有显著多态性,表明T细胞在AS免疫发病机理中扮演重要角色。单/寡克隆增生的T细胞有可能是AS发病中的自身反应性T细胞,将为AS的发病机制的进一步研究提供基础依据。     

采用荧光定量PCR溶解曲线法监测人TCR alpha链CDR3谱系漂移技术的初步探讨

目的:初步探讨荧光定量PCR溶解曲线分析技术监测人外周血T细胞TCR alpha链CDR3谱系漂移(单/寡/多克隆增生).方法:提取4例正常人、2例淋巴瘤型白血病患者PBMC中的总RNA,逆转录成cDNA,以32个人TCR alpha 链胚系可变区基因家族 (TRAV)设计上游引物,共同的TCR alpha 胚系链恒定区基因家族(TRAC)设计下游引物,荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)扩增32个TRAV基因各家族CDR3谱系,溶解曲线法分析各家族CDR3谱系的单/寡/多克隆增生.结果:正常人外周血T细胞TCR alpha链32个家族CDR3表达频率不一致,各家族PCR产物的溶解曲线谱型图(melting curve spectratyping)呈现熔点不同的CDR3多态性,为多克隆增生的高斯分布,2例淋巴瘤型白血病患者外周血T细胞TCR alpha链32个家族CDR3表达频率不一致,部分家族呈缺失状态,患者各家族PCR产物的溶解曲线谱型图上,多数家族为多克隆增生的高斯分布,但每个患者均出现数量不等的单克隆和寡克隆增生家族.结论:荧光定量PCR溶解曲线分析TCR alpha链CDR3谱系漂移技术方法稳定简便,能较好地监测正常人和临床样本外周血T细胞TCR alpha链CDR3谱系漂移(单/寡/多克隆增生).     

TCR BV CDR3谱型与自身免疫性疾病

自身抗原特异性T细胞克隆性增生在自身免疫病的发生发展中起重要作用 ,TCRCDR3区是T细胞直接与抗原接触的位点 ,一种CDR3序列代表一个T细胞克隆 ,通过对TCRBVCDR3谱型分析及序列测定可迅速发现自身免疫性T细胞克隆 ,指导疾病的免疫治疗     

T淋巴瘤EL-4细胞双受体表达研究

目的:检测T淋巴瘤EL-4细胞T细胞受体(T cell receptor,TCR)的表达情况,为进一步研究T细胞等位基因排斥机制奠定基础。方法:以小鼠脾细胞作为阳性对照,分别提取脾细胞和EL-4细胞mRNA,逆转录为cDNA,RT-PCR扩增24个TCR BV家族CDR3区,结合基因扫描(GeneScan)和基因测序技术,对有表达的TCR BV家族进行CDR3谱型和序列分析。结果:小鼠脾细胞24 BV家族均有表达,各TCR BV家族CDR3谱型均呈高斯分布(Gaussian distribution),表明24 BV家族均为多克隆性。EL-4细胞被同时检测到TCR BV10和BV12家族表达,CDR3谱型均呈单峰,两个家族的RT-PCR产物经测序鉴定证实确属TCR序列,且均为框内编码。结论:EL-4细胞存在两套框内重排的TCRβ链,表明其TCRβ链可能存在等位基因排斥"缺陷"现象。本研究为探索T细胞等位基因排斥机制奠定了基础。     

监测TCR CDR3漂移的免疫扫描谱型分析技术的建立与鉴定

外周血95％ T淋巴细胞的TCR由α（胚系基因中AV、AJ、AC重排）、β（胚系基因中的BV、BD、BJ、BC重排）两条多肽链组成，不同V（D）J重排后，由V基因末端、J基因前端和V-J（或V—D和D—J）连接时中间插入的核苷酸序列，分别组成了特异的TCRα和8的CDR3基因谱型的多样性。一种CDR3序列代表一个T细胞克隆，测定特定CDR3序列出现的频率可以反映特定T细胞克隆扩增的程度和功能状态。     

“荧光定量PCR溶解曲线法”监测人TCRβ链CDR3谱系漂移技术的建立

目的 建立"荧光定量PCR溶解曲线分析技术"监测人外周血T细胞TCR β链CDR3谱系漂移(单/寡/多克隆增生).方法 提取4例正常人、9例大肠癌患者外周血单个核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cell-PBMC)中的总RNA,逆转录成cDNA,以26个人TRBV基因家族设计上游引物,共同的TRBC基因设计下游引物,荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)扩增26个TRBV基因各家族CDR3谱系,溶解曲线法分析各家族CDR3谱系的单/寡/多克隆增生.结果 正常人外周血T细胞TCR β链26个家族CDR3表达频率不一致,各家族PCR产物的"溶解曲线谱型图"(melting curve spectratyping)呈现溶点不同的CDR3多态性,为多克隆增生的高斯分布;9例大肠癌患者的外周血TCR β链CDR3谱系的26个家族CDR3表达频率不一致,有的患者部分家族呈缺失状态,患者各家族PCR产物的"溶解曲线谱型图"上,多数家族为多克隆增生的高斯分布,但每个患者均出现数量不等的单克隆和寡克隆增生家族.结论 "荧光定量PCR溶解曲线分析TCR CDR3谱系漂移技术",方法稳定简便,能较好的监测正常人和临床样本外周血T细胞TCR β链CDR3谱系漂移(单/寡/多克隆增生).     

T细胞抗原受体β链互补决定区3受体库高通量测序分析及其在重要疾病中的研究应用

T细胞受体(TCRs)既是T细胞特异性识别和连接抗原的分子,也是T细胞发生免疫应答的关键分子.其中TCR高变区的CDR3变异最大,最能代表T细胞的应答特征,其在外周形成了具有多样性的T细胞CDR3受体库.因此,对T淋巴细胞β链CDR3组库的研究,以期更好地理解疾病的发病机理,并对疾病的临床诊断和治疗、监测疾病提供理论基础和新的思路.     

An automated method for the analysis of T-cell receptor repertoires. Rapid RT-PCR fragment length analysis of the T-cell receptor beta chain complementarity-determining region 3

The examination of T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires has an important role in the study of lymphoproliferative disorders and autoimmune diseases. Analysis of the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of the TCR beta chain is used to assess the clonality of T-cell populations. We developed a rapid fluorescence-based method for CDR3 length analysis of expressed TCR gene families. TCR beta chain complementary DNA is amplified by a nested polymerase chain reaction with V beta family-specific oligonucleotide primers and a fluorochrome-labeled C beta primer. The polymerase chain reaction products were analyzed on a compact automated DNA sequencing system (OpenGene system, Visible Genetics, Toronto, Ontario). To demonstrate the usefulness of our technique, we examined the CDR3 length distribution of peripheral blood T cells from a healthy subject, intestinal T cells from a patient with ulcerative colitis, and the T-cell leukemia cell line Jurkat. The analysis revealed polyclonal, oligoclonal, and monoclonal CDR3 distributions, respectively, for the 3 T-cell populations. Our new method shows virtually identical CDR3 length patterns compared with the traditional radioisotope-based method. The new technique offers the convenience of rapid throughput, nonradioactive labeling, and quality data analysis.     

A shared TCR CDR3 sequence in NOD mouse autoimmune diabetes.

T cells involved in autoimmune diseases have been characterized by the genetic elements used to construct their autoimmune TCR. In the present study, we sequenced the alpha and beta chains of the TCR expressed by a CD4(+) T cell clone, C9, functional in NOD mouse diabetes. Clone C9 can adoptively transfer diabetes or, when attenuated, C9 can be used to vaccinate NOD mice against diabetes. Clone C9 recognizes a peptide epitope (p277) of the 60 kDa heat shock protein (hsp60) molecule. We now report that the C9 TCR beta chain features a CDR3 peptide sequence that is prevalent among NOD mice. This CDR3 element is detectable by 2 weeks of age in the thymus, and later in the spleen and in the autoimmune insulitis. Thus, a TCR CDR3beta sequence appears to be a common idiotope associated with mouse diabetes.     

Selection of conserved TCR VDJ rearrangements in chronic psoriatic plaques indicates a common antigen in psoriasis vulgaris.

Psoriasis vulgaris is a common HLA-associated inflammatory skin disease. Although its etiology is still unknown, it is thought to involve T cell-mediated inflammatory mechanisms. In examining the lesional psoriatic TCR beta chain (TCRB) usage in a pair of identical twins concordant for psoriasis, we observed repetitive TCR VDJ rearrangements which indicated antigen-specific oligoclonal T cell expansion. Several of these TCRB rearrangements were identical or highly homologous in the amino acid composition of the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3), suggesting that T cells with these TCR might be important for disease manifestation. This conclusion was strengthened by TCR analysis of other psoriasis patients. Several repetitive lesional TCRB rearrangements were found that were similar to the conserved CDR3 seen in the twins. Since TCR antigen specificity is largely determined by the beta chain CDR3, selection of T cells with conserved TCRB CDR3 motifs could indicate the presence of a common antigen as a major target of the lesional psoriatic immune response.     

TCR v(beta) usage and clonality of T cells isolated from progressing and rejected tumor sites before and after in vitro culture

A gelatin sponge model of concomitant tumor immunity was employed in order to examine the clonality of T cells associated with progressing and rejected tumor sites. Here we show that freshly isolated T cells bearing TCR V(beta)1, CDR3 RPGTGN, J(beta)1.1 and TCR V(beta)8, CDR3 GD, J(beta)1.6 predominated progressing and rejected tumor sites. Despite the similarity in T cell populations, the T cells from rejected tumor sites were capable of killing the autologous tumor cells, whereas T cells from progressing tumor sites were not able to do so. The differing cytolytic ability could not be attributed to a difference in TCR zeta chain protein expression levels between both T cell populations. After a 5 day mixed lymphocyte tumor culture the T cells from the progressing tumor site were capable of killing autologous tumor cells, which suggested changes took place within the cell population during in vitro culture. Further TCR analysis revealed T cells bearing TCR V(beta)1, CDR3 RPGTGN, J(beta)1.1 and TCR V(beta)8, CDR3 GD, J(beta)1.6 were not expanded following the in vitro culture. These data suggest that the lack of cytotoxicity of freshly isolated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) was not due to abnormal TCR zeta chain expression or major differences in the TCR V(beta) usage. Additionally, the gain of TIL effector function did not correlate with an expansion of the TCR bearing T cells found to predominate the in vivo response. These data suggest that the predominant TCR V(beta) used by lymphocytes infiltrating regressing or rejected tumors may not represent the tumor reactive T cells that grow in culture or respond to the autologous tumor in vitro.     

Analysis of the CDR3 Length Repertoire and the Diversity of TCRα Chain in Human Peripheral Blood T Lymphocytes

Analysis of complementarity determining region 3 （CDR3） length of T lymphocyte receptors （TCRs） by immunoscope spectratyping technique has been used successfully to investigate the diversity of TCR in autoimmune diseases and infection diseases. In this study, we investigated the patterns of CDR3 length distribution for all 32 TCR AV gene families in human peripheral blood lymphocytes of four normal volunteers by the immunoscope spectratyping technique. It was found that PCR products exhibited an obscure band on 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. Each TCR AV family exhibited more than 8 bands on 6% sequencing gel electrophoresis. The CDR3 spectratyping of all TCR AV families showed a standard Gaussian distribution with different CDR3 length, and the expression frequency of CDR3 was similar among the gene families. Most of CDR3 in TCR AV family recombine in frame. However, some of the CDR3 showed out-of frame gene rearrangement. Additionally, we found that in some of TCR AV families there were 18 amino acid discrepancies between the longest CDR3 and shortest CDR3. These results may be helpful to further study the recombination mechanism of human TCR genes, the TCR CDR3 gene repertoire, and the repertoire drift in health people and disease state. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.     

T cell receptor CDR3 loop length repertoire is determined primarily by features of the V(D)J recombination reaction

The third complementarity-determining region (CDR) of the TCR alpha and beta chains forms loops that engage amino acid residues of peptides complexed with MHC. This interaction is central to the specific discrimination of antigenic-peptide-MHC complexes by the TCR. The TCRbeta chain CDR3 loop is encoded by the Dbeta gene segment and flanking portions of the Vbeta and Jbeta gene segments. The joining of these gene segments is imprecise, leading to significant variability in the TCRbeta chain CDR3 loop length and amino acid composition. In marked contrast to other pairing antigen-receptor chains, the TCR beta and alpha chain CDR3 loop size distributions are relatively narrow and closely matched. Thus, pairing of TCR alpha and beta chains with relatively similar CDR3 loop sizes may be important for generating a functional repertoire of alpha beta TCR. Here we show that the TCRbeta chain CDR3 loop size distribution is minimally impacted by TCRbeta chain or alpha beta TCR selection during thymocyte development. Rather, this distribution is determined primarily at the level of variable-region gene assembly, and is critically dependent on unique features of the V(D)J recombination reaction that ensure Dbeta gene segment utilization.     

Analysis of the Conservation of T Cell Receptor Alpha and Beta Chain Variable Regions Gene in pp65 Peptide-Specific HLA-A＊0201-Restricted CD8^＋ T Cells

Many viral epitope specific T cell receptors （TCRs） in MHC-matched individuals have been demonstrated to involve conserved amino acid motifs in β chain complementarity-determining region 3 （CDR3）. However, it is not sure whether the conserved motifs can also be found in TCR β chain. In previous studies, we developed a modified method to enlarge the percentage of cytomegalovirus （CMV） pp65 peptide-specific CD8^＋ T cells in PBMC by continuous peptide stimulation in vitro, which provides sufficient number of specific T cells for detection. In this study, we further analyzed the restrictive usage of TCR Vα and Vβ gene families and investigated the CDR3 gene sequence of pp65 peptide-specific CD8β T cells. Analysis of CDR3 spectratypes suggested a restricted usage of TCR α chain AV8, AV12, AV21, AV31 families and TCR βchain BV3, BV14, BV21, BV23, BVll families in donor CD8^＋ T cells stimulated by pp65 peptide. The sequences of these T cells involved similar sequence （TX） G （X） A in CDR3 region of TCR α chain and L （XT） G （X） A in TCR β chain.     

T-cell repertoire analysis in chronic plaque psoriasis suggests an antigen-specific immune response.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease of unknown etiology. Activation of T cells is thought to play a major role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. In order to gain insight into the nature of the antigen (superantigen or nominal protein antigen) involved in psoriatic lesions, we have used a RT-PCR method to analyze the frequency of the 24 T cell receptor V beta chain (TCRBV) subfamilies and the size of the antigen-binding region (CDR3), using the immunoscope assay, in skin lesions of patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis. Semi-quantitative analysis showed that no significant difference in V beta subfamily usage could be detected in T lymphocytes infiltrating lesional skin as compared to blood lymphocytes. Alternatively, determination of the size distribution of the CDR3 of all the V beta subfamilies revealed only in psoriatic skin a marked TCR oligoclonality defined by the presence in 3 to 5 V beta subfamilies of a single predominant CDR3 size which was associated with a unique V beta-J beta combination. Identical patterns of CDR3 length and V beta-J beta combination profiles were found in symetrical lesional sites from two psoriatic patients. This type of skewed CDR3 size profile is reminiscent of a local stimulation of T lymphocytes by nominal protein antigens. These data suggest that T lymphocytes infiltrating plaque-type psoriatic skin comprise expansions of oligoclonal T cells in response to stimulation by an antigen present in the skin.     

HIV-1感染者CD4+T细胞受体基因多样性特点及其与病毒载量的相关性

目的 分析HIV-1感染者CD4+T细胞受体(TCR)基因的多样性特征及其与病毒载量的相关性.方法 应用抗CD4单克隆抗体从25份HIV-1感染者和10份HIV-1阴性对照样本外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中分离CD4+T细胞,提取细胞总RNA,然后通过逆转录及巢式多聚酶链反应(nestedPCR)对TCR 22个Vβ基因家族的互补决定区3(CDR3)进行扩增,利用ABI3700测序仪对扩增的PCR产物进行扫描,定最分析HIV-1感染者TCRCDR3区多样性变化特征及其与病毒载量的相关性.结果 HIV-1感染者CD4+T细胞TCR CDR3区平均D(distance)值显著高于正常对照组(P＜0 05),TCR Vβ基因各家族CDR3长度谱型成寡克隆分布,TCR CDR3区的紊乱与病毒载量呈正相关(r=0 494,P＜0 05);HIV-1感染引起TCR多样性的改变不仅表现在不同Vβ基因家族上,而且也表现在CDR3长度上,其中感染者Vβ8、Vβ22、Vβ23基因家族的变化与正常人差异有统计学意义.结论 HIV-1感染能引起CD4+T细胞TCR基因多样性的减少及高斯(Gaussian)分布的破坏,TCR CDR3区的紊乱与病毒载量呈正相关.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the impact of the virus on the complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) length diversity of T cell receptor(TCR) Vβ repertoires of CD4+ T lymphocytes and to explore its association with viral load in individuals with HIV-1 infection. Methods The TCR repertoire was examined using spectratyping of CDR3 length diversity within CD4+ T cells in HIV infected and healthy adults. Separation of CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs) was carried out by using immunomagnetic beads coated with anti-CD4 antibody. Total RNAs from the purified CD4 + T lymphocytes were isolated and used to perform nested-PCR amplifications in CDR3 of 22 TCR gene families. CDR3 diversity and its association with viral load in individuals with HIV-1 infection were analyzed. Results An average diversity for all CDR3 profiles in CD4+ T cells from 25 HIV-infected individuals was significantly different as compared to 10 age-matched healthy donors (P＜0.05) with the HIV-infected individuals losing diversity in the CDR3 profiles. There was positive correlation between changes in TCR CDR3 diversity and viral load (r = 0. 494, P ＜ 0. 05). The changes in CDR3 length diversity of Vβ families in HIV-infected individuals, particular in Vβ8, Vβ22, Vβ23 were statistically different from the healthy controls. Conclusion HIV-1 infection might induce the loss of TCR Vp repertoire diversity and disrupt the CDR3 Gaussian distributions within CD4 + T cells. There should be positive correlation between changes in TCR CDR3 diversity and the viral load in HIV-1 infected patients.