骨性开畸形正颌外科手术前后的正畸治疗

目的：通过分析总结骨正开He畸形手术前后正畸治疗的原则和方法,以指导临床。方法：前牙开He畸形32例,男性9例,女性23例,开He度1－8．5mm,平均4mm31例伴下颌前突,1例伴下颌后。单纯术前正8 ,纯术后正3 ,余21例在手术前后均行正畸治疗。结果：术产术畸疗程为4－33个月,平均12个月;术后正畸疗程为3－17个月,平均8．5个月。开He畸形的术前治疗的;排齐上下牙列,解除牙列拥挤;去代偿治疗,避免上下切牙He向伸长移;支上下牙列列的唇颊向倾斜度。上下颌骨垂直牵引,防止开He复发,上下颌间Ⅱ类或Ⅲ类牵引,调整磨牙关系,结论通过系统的术前术后正畸治疗及正颌外科手术,可矫正前牙开He畸形,并取得良好的矫治效果。     

骨性Ⅲ类错He正畸—外科联合治疗后牙齿长期稳定性研究

目的探讨口腔正畸-正颌外科联合治疗前后不同阶段牙齿的变化和术后的稳定性.方法选取31例在北京大学口腔医学院进行口腔正畸-正颌外科联合治疗的骨性安氏Ⅲ类错(牙合)患者,对其不同阶段X线头影测量片进行研究.结果牙齿在术前正畸阶段有明显的去代偿,下切牙平均唇倾7.08°.在术中,上切牙随颌骨的旋转有直立,下切牙有后移.术后,上切牙有唇向复发,下切牙相对于基骨稳定.术后牙齿保持良好的咬合,而且主要变化发生在术后正畸阶段.结论Ⅲ类错(牙合)患者在术前正畸阶段牙齿明显去代偿,术后上前牙稍有复发,下前牙相对保持稳定.     

下颌前突患者升支矢状劈开截骨术后骨性复发因素的探讨

目的：探讨下颌前突患者升支矢状劈开截骨术（bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy,BSSRO)术后骨性复发的相关因素。方法：以术后长期面角（∠NP－FHT4－3）的变化作为因变量,选择术前术后12项自变量,对两者之间的关系进行多元线性相关及偏相关分析。结果：术后长期下颌平面角（∠MP－FHT4－3）、术前正畸疗程、术后观察期与因变量呈显著负相关关系（r分别为－0．568、－0．406、－0．400,P＜0．01－0．05）。结论：下颌前突患者BSSRO术后的骨性复发非常有限,术前正畸疗程、术后下颌旋转与术后矢状颌位的稳定相关。     

正颌外科和正畸联合治疗下颌前突畸形

目的：总结分析下颌升支部和下颌体部截骨矫正下颌前突畸形的手术和正畸治疗特点。方法：根据手术设计需要，将125例下颌前突畸形患者分下颌升支部截骨和下颌骨体部截骨两组，并分别进行内容不同的术前术后的正畸治疗。结果：两种术式均获得满意的治疗效果。下颌升支部截骨和下颌骨体部截骨满意率分别为88.3%和83.3%。2例下颌体部截骨术后2年复发，行二次手术予以矫正。结论；必需根据不同的术工，设计不同的术前术后正畸方案。一方面保证下颌前突畸形患者获得满意的美学改善，同时在新建的颌位上应具有良好的he关系。     

骨下颌前突术前正畸去代偿治疗效果的研究

目的：探讨术前去代偿性在骨性下颌前突畸形矫治中的应用。方法：18例已接受过正畸－外科联合治疗的骨性下颌前突患者，以X线头影测量方法对其术前正畸去代偿的前后结果进行研究。结果：在骨性下颌前突患者，普遍存在牙齿的代偿现象，牙代偿不仅存在于下颌，而且存在于上颌；并同时存在于前牙和后牙；去代偿后，上、下牙齿相对于基骨的位置得到了明显的改善。结论：术前去代偿为外科手术后退下颌骨至正常位置打下良好的基础。术前正畸法代偿，是治疗骨性下颌前突畸形的重要步骤。也是获得高质量手术结果的可靠保证。     

正颌外科手术的术前及术后矫治：附24例病例报告

正颌外科手术患者常表现为较严重的面颌部畸形,严重影响患者美观与咬合功能,给患者带来很大的生理与心理负担。由于存在明显的颌骨畸形,只有经过正颌外科手术,畸形才能得以矫正。但要达到美观与功能的和谐,就要求正畸医生与正颌外科医生密切合作。笔者1985～1989年先后进行正颌外科手术患者的术     

骨性下颌前突术前正畸去代偿治疗效果的研究

目的　探讨术前去代偿在骨性下颌前突畸形矫治中的作用。方法　 18例已接受过正畸—外科联合治疗的骨性下颌前突患者 ,以X线头影测量方法对其术前正畸去代偿的前后结果进行研究。结果　在骨性下颌前突患者 ,普遍存在牙齿的代偿现象 ,牙代偿不仅存在于下颌 ,而且存在于上颌 ;并同时存在于前牙和后牙 ;去代偿后 ,上、下牙齿相对于基骨的位置得到了明显的改善。结论　术前去代偿为外科手术后退下颌骨至正常位置打下良好的基础。术前正畸去代偿 ,是治疗骨性下颌前突畸形的重要步骤。也是获得高质量手术结果的可靠保证     

前牙开正畸治疗和外科治疗的限度

目的　探讨前牙开畸形正畸治疗与外科治疗的界限。方法　选择正畸治疗开患者70人 ,平均年龄 18 0岁 ;外科治疗开患者 14人 ,平均年龄 2 5 1岁。对经计算机头影测量得出的15 4项颅面软硬组织测量项目值进行单因素和多因素判别分析。结果　下切牙下颌平面角 (L1MP)可作为单因素判别指标 ,当其值≤ 89 5°时 ,可判断为外科治疗的适应证 ,>89 5°时则判断为正畸治疗。根据多因素逐步判别分析建立的判别函数 :Z =- 0 80 188L1MP +0 9140 1Age +0 6 71111Antigonialnotch MP +0 5 99992SNPg ,当Z≥ 0时 ,判定为外科治疗组 ,Z <0时判为正畸治疗组。结论单因素判别指标和多因素判别函数均可用于确定正畸治疗与外科治疗的界限 ,判别函数优于单因素判别指标。     

骨性安氏Ⅱ类错He的外科与正畸联合治疗

目的：探讨外科与正畸联合治疗骨性安氏Ⅱ类错Ｈｅ的方法和特点。方法：总结分析近年一经外科与正畸联合治疗的骨性安氏Ⅱ类错Ｈｅ病例２２例,介绍典型病例治疗过程,着重讨论拔牙时机,术前后正畸治疗特点及术式选择。结果：本研究２２例患者经联合治疗后,颌骨关系正常,牙弓形态衣Ｈｅ曲线正常,牙排列整齐,咬合关系好,面形及功能均获明显改善,疗效满意。     

正颌外科矫治骨性下颌偏斜的术前及术后正畸治疗

目的　分析、总结临床采用正畸 正颌外科方法联合治疗严重骨性下颌偏斜畸形时术前与术后正畸治疗中的难点和要点 ,为临床工作提供参考。方法　严重骨性下颌偏斜畸形患者 2 1例 ,年龄 19～ 2 8岁 ,平均年龄 2 5 5岁。ANB角 - 3°～ - 8° ,Wits值 - 7～ - 14mm ,颏点偏斜 3～ 7mm。所有患者均接受术前及术后正畸治疗。结果　术前正畸疗程为 10～ 2 0个月 ,平均 18个月。术后正畸疗程为 5～ 10个月 ,平均 7 5个月。术前正畸治疗必须要解决以下主要难点 :①去除患者三维方向的牙代偿 ;②协调其牙弓形态及宽度的不调 ;③双颌手术时模型外科分析与导板的制作。术后正畸治疗的主要目的是对咬合关系进行精细调整。结论　术前术后正畸治疗是正颌外科治疗下颌偏斜畸形取得良好效果的必要保证     

Evaluation of vertical ramus osteotomy for the surgical correction of unilateral mandibular posterior vertical insufficiency: Long-term follow-up results

PurposeUnilateral posterior vertical insufficiency (PVI) is a growth defect of the mandibular condyle that results in a facial asymmetry. Various surgical procedures can be used to elongate the hypoplastic ramus. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term aesthetic and architectural outcomes of vertical ramus osteotomy (VRO) in patients with unilateral PVI.Materials and methodsPatients operated on with unilateral VRO were included in this retrospective study. Aesthetic and architectural parameters were evaluated on frontal photographs as well as on frontal and lateral cephalograms preoperatively, postoperatively, at 1-year and at the end of the follow-up.ResultsA total of 48 patients were analyzed. The aesthetic assessment revealed significant correction of the chin deviation (CD) and of the lip commissural line tilt after VRO (p1 = 0.0038 and p2 = 0.0067, respectively) with stable results. The architectural analysis revealed significant improvement in the maxillary and mandibular occlusal planes, as well as the chin deviation (p < 0.0001). A tendency to relapse was noted for the mandibular canting and the CD during the follow-up. VRO allowed for a mean mandibular lengthening of 8.39 mm (ranging from 2.5 to 14 mm).ConclusionVRO allows for immediate restoration of the symmetry of the lower third of the face in patients with unilateral PVI. A revisional procedure may be needed due to a tendency for the chin deviation to relapse.     

Complex facial trauma with combined surgical and orthodontic rehabilitation

Severe panfacial trauma require broad reconstructive procedures. As in the case presented, a primary reconstruction with ideal aesthetic outcome cannot be reached in every case. If not, these cases often require further reconstructive procedures. What this can be and how long this could take, this article intends to show. This case report presents the history of a today 30 year old male patient with a severe central midfacial comminuted fracture with preexisting Angle class II and comprehensive reconstruction.     

错(牙合)畸形的下颌功能运动轨迹及其分类

目的对错畸形者的下颌运动轨迹进行分类。方法对错畸形患者的口颌功能进行临床检查并以下颌运动轨迹描记仪进行轨迹分析。结果对２２３例错（男１０６名,女１１７名,平均年龄１４６岁）的观察表明,将近４０％的患者存在功能性错,特定的错类型常呈现出特征性的下颌运动轨迹。同时发现,下颌运动轨迹受上下颌骨、肌肉、关节及牙齿等综合因素的影响。结论本项研究总结归纳出功能性错的分类方法（包括功能性１、２、３、４类错）。     

Head posture and pharyngeal airway volume changes after bimaxillary surgery for mandibular prognathism

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate head posture and the pharyngeal airway volume changes using 3D imaging after bimaxillary surgery in mandibular prognathism patients by null hypothesis.Materials and methodsCone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained for 25 mandibular prognathism patients before bimaxillary surgery (T1) and 6 months after surgery (T2). The head posture of each patient was assessed by measuring cranio-cervical angle on a midsagittal plane passing through the anterior nasal spine at T1 and T2. Additionally, the volume of each subject's pharyngeal airway was measured using InVivoDental 3D imaging software.ResultsThe cranio-cervical angle increased significantly 6 months after bimaxillary surgery (p < 0.01). The total volume of the pharyngeal airway slightly decreased (p > 0.05) at the same timepoints, while naso- and oro-pharyngeal airway volume decreased significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.05). There was significant relationship between the changes of head posture and those of total airway volume (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe null hypothesis was rejected. Bimaxillary surgery resulted in significant head flexion and a slight decrease in total pharyngeal airway volume.     

The main occluding area in normal occlusion and mandibular prognathism

Objective:To clarify whether the concept of main occluding area, where hard food is initially crushed, exists in patients who have a jaw deformity.Materials and Methods:Nineteen subjects with normal occlusion, 18 patients with mandibular prognathism, and 11 patients with mandibular prognathism who had undergone orthognathic surgery participated in this study. The main occluding area was identified by clenching Temporary Stopping. The coincidence, location of the main occluding area, and distance from the first molars to main occluding area were examined.Results:High coincidence of the main occluding area was obtained in all groups, signifying that the main occluding area exists even in these patients. Mandibular main occluding area was located on the first molar in all groups. Maxillary main occluding area in subjects with normal occlusion was located on the first molar. However, it was located on the second premolar and first molar in patients with mandibular prognathism, and on the first and second molars in patients with mandibular prognathism who had undergone orthognathic surgery. There was a statistically significant difference in distance from the maxillary first molar to the main occluding area among groups, but there was no difference in the distance from the mandibular first molar among groups.Conclusion:The main occluding area is more stable on the mandibular first molar than the maxilla in all groups.