光动力疗法在肿瘤治疗中的应用

对于体积较小,特别是表浅的癌瘤及临床上的隐性癌,光动力疗法（Ｐｈｏｔｏｄｙ－ｎａｍｉｃ Ｔｈｅｒａｐｙ,ＰＤＴ）是一种较为行之有效的治疗方法,近２０年来激光医学工程者们对这一疗法进行了大量的研究。本文试对ＰＤＴ治疗肿瘤所涉及到的激光器、光敏剂及临床应用作一综述。     

光动力疗法在肿瘤治疗中的应用

对于体积较小,特别是表浅的癌瘤及临床上的隐性癌,光动力疗法（Ｐｈｏｔｏｄｙ－ｎａｍ ｉｃ Ｔｈｅｒａｐｙ,ＰＤＴ）是一种较为行之有效的治疗方法,近２０ 年来激光医学工程者们对这一疗法进行了大量的研究。本文试对ＰＤＴ治疗肿瘤所涉及到的激光器、光敏剂及临床应用作一综述。     

光动力疗法治疗肿瘤的免疫机制研究进展

光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)是治疗肿瘤的有效手段之一,PDT治疗可导致肿瘤细胞的死亡和凋亡,并损伤肿瘤相关血管.近年来,PDT的免疫机制越来越受到关注.肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸是肿瘤发生发展的重要因素.PDT治疗肿瘤时,可通过免疫原性细胞死亡(immunogenic cell death,ICD)诱导肿瘤细胞表达损伤相关分子模式(damage associated molecular patterns,DAMPs),从而活化树突状细胞,诱导机体特异性抗肿瘤免疫.同时,PDT还可影响肿瘤微环境中的相关免疫细胞和因子,进而增强机体抗肿瘤反应.光动力治疗和其他免疫治疗联合应用亦能增强疗效.故光动力治疗的免疫机制研究将为肿瘤治疗提供可能的新思路.     

口腔光动力疗法研究进展

光动力学疗法（PDT）是20世纪70年代末形成的治疗新技术,近年来已从实验研究进人到临床应用阶段,其机理是建立在某些特定类型的细胞或生物体能选择性吸收光敏型的药物,在接受特定波长光照射后产生光敏效应的一种治疗方法。目前主要应用于体表和空腔脏器表面的浅表肿瘤的非手术治疗,由于发现光敏剂对肿瘤以外的多种病变组织和病原微生物具有选择性聚集以及新型光敏剂的开发,使光动力疗法在现代临床中应用领域不断扩大。从光动力治疗的效应机制、光动力治疗的光源与光敏剂以及在口腔医学领域中对头颈部肿瘤、黏膜病、口腔致病微生物感染的治疗等方面的应用研究进展进行了综述。     

内镜光动力微创疗法在胆管癌治疗中的作用

目的 探讨内镜光动力微创疗法(PDT)在胆管癌治疗中的作用.方法 对本院于2005年10月至2007年4月在常规综合治疗的基础上,开展内镜下的光动力微创治疗的15例胆管癌患者的相关临床资料进行回顾性总结分析.结果 15例患者在PDT治疗后均取得良好效果,治愈3例,好转12例,除1例出现光敏性皮炎、3例出现术后胆道感染外,均未出现严重并发症.至目前为止,仍存活10例,中位生存期达243 d(163～575 d).在随访期患者保持稳定的生活质量.结论 内镜光动力联合微创治疗在胆管癌综合治疗中,具有创伤少、疗效好、并发症少的特点,对于提高胆管癌综合治疗的效果,提高生活质量及延长患者的生存期有重要的临床意义.     

内镜光动力微创疗法在胆管癌治疗中的作用

目的探讨内镜光动力微创疗法(PDT)在胆管癌治疗中的作用。方法对本院于2005年10月至2007年4月在常规综合治疗的基础上,开展内镜下的光动力微创治疗的15例胆管癌患者的相关临床资料进行回顾性总结分析。结果15例患者在PDT治疗后均取得良好效果,治愈3例,好转12例,除1例出现光敏性皮炎、3例出现术后胆道感染外,均未出现严重并发症。至目前为止,仍存活10例,中位生存期达243d(163~575d)。在随访期患者保持稳定的生活质量。结论内镜光动力联合微创治疗在胆管癌综合治疗中,具有创伤少、疗效好、并发症少的特点,对于提高胆管癌综合治疗的效果,提高生活质量及延长患者的生存期有重要的临床意义。     

口腔光动力疗法研究进展

光动力学疗法(PDT)是20世纪70年代末形成的治疗新技术,近年来已从实验研究进入到临床应用阶段,其机理是建立在某些特定类型的细胞或生物体能选择性吸收光敏型的药物,在接受特定波长光照射后产生光敏效应的一种治疗方法.目前主要应用于体表和空腔脏器表面的浅表肿瘤的非手术治疗,由于发现光敏剂对肿瘤以外的多种病变组织和病原微生物具有选择件聚集以及新型光敏剂的开发,使光动力疗法在现代临床中应用领域不断扩大.从光动力治疗的效应机制、光动力治疗的光源与光敏剂以及在口腔医学领域中对头颈部肿瘤、黏膜病、口腔致病微生物感染的治疗等方面的应用研究进展进行了综述.     

口腔光动力疗法研究进展

光动力学疗法(PDT)是20世纪70年代末形成的治疗新技术,近年来已从实验研究进入到临床应用阶段,其机理是建立在某些特定类型的细胞或生物体能选择性吸收光敏型的药物,在接受特定波长光照射后产生光敏效应的一种治疗方法.目前主要应用于体表和空腔脏器表面的浅表肿瘤的非手术治疗,由于发现光敏剂对肿瘤以外的多种病变组织和病原微生物具有选择件聚集以及新型光敏剂的开发,使光动力疗法在现代临床中应用领域不断扩大.从光动力治疗的效应机制、光动力治疗的光源与光敏剂以及在口腔医学领域中对头颈部肿瘤、黏膜病、口腔致病微生物感染的治疗等方面的应用研究进展进行了综述.     

口腔光动力疗法研究进展

光动力学疗法(PDT)是20世纪70年代末形成的治疗新技术,近年来已从实验研究进入到临床应用阶段,其机理是建立在某些特定类型的细胞或生物体能选择性吸收光敏型的药物,在接受特定波长光照射后产生光敏效应的一种治疗方法.目前主要应用于体表和空腔脏器表面的浅表肿瘤的非手术治疗,由于发现光敏剂对肿瘤以外的多种病变组织和病原微生物具有选择件聚集以及新型光敏剂的开发,使光动力疗法在现代临床中应用领域不断扩大.从光动力治疗的效应机制、光动力治疗的光源与光敏剂以及在口腔医学领域中对头颈部肿瘤、黏膜病、口腔致病微生物感染的治疗等方面的应用研究进展进行了综述.     

Effects of Photodynamic Therapy on Tumor Stroma

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment that combines a photosensitizer with light to generate oxygen-dependent photochemical destruction of diseased tissue. This modality has been approved worldwide since 1993 for the treatment of several oncological and nononcological disorders. PDT continues to be interested in both preclinical and clinical research, with more than 500 publications each year during the past 5 years. This minireview focuses on the effects of PDT on tumor stroma. A tumor consists of two fundamental elements: parenchyma (neoplastic cells) and stroma. The stroma is composed of vasculature, cellular components, and intercellular matrix and is necessary for tumor growth. All the stromal components can be targeted by PDT. Although the exact mechanism of PDT is unknown, emerging evidence has indicated that effective PDT of tumor requires destruction of both parenchyma and stroma. Further, damage to subendothelial zone of vasculature, in addition to endothelium, also appears to be a crucial factor. The PDT-generated immune response as a way of vaccination for treatment and prevention of metastatic tumors remains to be exploited.     

Effects of Photodynamic Therapy on Tumor Stroma

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment that combines a photosensitizer with light to generate oxygen-dependent photochemical destruction of diseased tissue. This modality has been approved worldwide since 1993 for the treatment of several oncological and nononcological disorders. PDT continues to be interested in both preclinical and clinical research, with more than 500 publications each year during the past 5 years. This minireview focuses on the effects of PDT on tumor stroma. A tumor consists of two fundamental elements: parenchyma (neoplastic cells) and stroma. The stroma is composed of vasculature, cellular components, and intercellular matrix and is necessary for tumor growth. All the stromal components can be targeted by PDT. Although the exact mechanism of PDT is unknown, emerging evidence has indicated that effective PDT of tumor requires destruction of both parenchyma and stroma. Further, damage to subendothelial zone of vasculature, in addition to endothelium, also appears to be a crucial factor. The PDT-generated immune response as a way of vaccination for treatment and prevention of metastatic tumors remains to be exploited.     

Nitroxyl Antioxidant TPPA-TEMPO Increases the Efficacy of Antitumor Therapy on the Model of Transplantable Mouse Tumor

Nitroxyl antioxidant 4-triphenylphosphonioacetamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TPPA-TEMPO) was synthesized from 4-chloroacetamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl chloride and triphenylphosphine. Systemic administration of TPPA-TEMPO in the subtoxic dose to mice with lymphosarcoma inhibited tumor growth, but did not prolong animal lifespan. Combined treatment with TPPA-TEMPO and cyclophosphamide increased the effi cacy of antitumor therapy: it prolonged animal lifespan and increased the number of recovered mice.     

Modification of Hemostatic Status Improves Antitumor Efficiency of Photodynamic Therapy

Complex treatment with acetylsalicylic acid, heparin, and dexamethasone improves the efficiency of photodynamic therapy in rats with myosarcoma-I.     

阿司匹林-烟酰胺-锌络合物荷H22肝癌小鼠作用的研究

目的：研究阿司匹林-烟酰胺-锌络合物（商品名：佛立沙,wuY）抗肿瘤作用。方法：在小鼠腋皮下接种H22肿瘤细胞后,每日igwUY1次,连续给药9d,第10d处死小鼠,剥取瘤块称重并计算抑瘤率。结果：wUY40mg·kg-1对小鼠H22抑制率为32．83％,与模型组比较,wUY有显著的抑制小鼠H22移植瘤的作用（P〈0．05）,结论：wUY对小鼠H22移植瘤有明显的抑制作用。     

Relationship between Antitumor Efficiency of Photodynamic Therapy with Photoditasine and Photoenergy Density

We studied the effect of photodynamic therapy with photoditasine at different protocols of photoenergy exposure on morphofunctional parameters of M-1 sarcoma. It was found that proliferative activity of tumor cells (evaluated by immunostaining for PCNA) nonlinearly decreases after exposure to 150, 300, and 600 J/cm^p2. The main form of cell death during the early period after photodynamic therapy was direct photocoagulation necrosis caused by destruction of sensitized cell structures and ischemic necrosis developing as a result of alteration of vascular network in the tumors. Photoenergy density was not essential for the intensity of induced apoptosis.__________Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 139, No. 4, pp. 456–461, April, 2005     

Evaluation of Antitumor Efficiency of Experimental Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy on the Model of M1 Sarcoma

Antitumor efficiency of interstitial photodynamic therapy was evaluated in experiments on outbred albino rats with implanted M-1 sarcoma. Interstitial photodynamic therapy was carried out using one diffusor at different output power and duration of exposure. The percentage of complete regression of the tumors increased with increasing exposure parameters.     

中晚期食管癌光动力治疗联合化疗的回顾性研究

目的比较中晚期食管癌的单纯光动力治疗与光动力＋化疗联合治疗的短期疗效，探讨中晚期食管癌光动力＋化疗的治疗模式的优势。方法回顾性分析我院自2002年至2005年期间光动力治疗及光动力＋化疗治疗的食管癌患者60例（Ⅲ～Ⅳ期），其中单纯光动力治疗27例，光动力＋化疗治疗33例。光动力治疗使用光敏剂Photofrin 2mg／kg，48h后内镜引导下使用波长为630nm的激光照射，综合治疗组化疗方案为5-FU＋DDP，动力治疗后1周开始化疗，共化疗4周期。结果60例病人随访时间全部满2年，综合治疗组和单纯光动力治疗组症状缓解率分别为85．2％、93．9％，内镜评价有效率分别为85．2％、90．9％，无明显差异；2年生存率分别为54．5％、29．6％，综合治疗组中位生存期明显延长（Ⅲ期为22m、13m；Ⅳ期为7m、5m），差异有统计学意义（P=0．046）。结论光动力＋化疗治疗中晚期食管癌优于单纯光动力治疗，短期疗效相当，2年生存期有优势。     

Non-Destructive Evaluation of the Effects of Combined Bisphosphonate and Photodynamic Therapy on Bone Strain in Metastatic Vertebrae Using Image Registration

Skeletal metastases most frequently affect the vertebral column and may lead to severe consequences including fracture. Clinical management of skeletal metastases often utilizes a multimodal treatment approach, including bisphosphonates (BPs). Previous work has demonstrated the synergistic potential of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combination with BP in treating osteolytic disease through structural, histologic, and destructive mechanical testing analyses. Recent work has developed and validated image-based methods that may be used to non-destructively determine mechanical stability in whole bones, and enable their use for additional (i.e. histologic) analysis. In this work we use an intensity-based 3D image registration technique to compare the strain patterns throughout untreated control and BP + PDT treated rnu/rnu rat spinal motion segments with osteolytic metastases. It was hypothesized that the combination treatment will reduce average and maximum strain values and restore the pattern of strain to that of healthy vertebrae. Mean, median, and 90th percentile strains in the control group were significantly higher than the treatment group. High strain areas in both groups were observed around the endplates; in the control group, large areas of high strains were also observed around the lesions and adjacent to the dorsal wall. Absence of high strains adjacent to the dorsal wall (similar to healthy vertebrae) may correspond to a reduced risk of burst fracture following BP + PDT therapy. This study demonstrates the application of non-destructive image analysis to quantify the positive mechanical effects of combined BP + PDT treatment in the metastatic spine.