The relationship between Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis or ulcer disease and gastric emptying

Forty-five patients with Helicobacter pylori (HP)-associated gastritis or ulcer disease were included in this study. Radionuclide-labelled solid meals were used to calculate gastric emptying times (GETs) and carbon-14 urea breath tests (¹⁴C UBTs) were used to measure the HP colonies quantitatively. The patients were assessed according to the following two criteria: (a) the HP colony number (i.e. high or low) and (b) the recorded duration of the GET (i.e. long or short). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of abnormal GET between high and low ¹⁴C UBT patients or in the incidence of abnormal ¹⁴C UBT between long and short GET cases. In conclusion, no significant relationship between HP-associated gastritis or ulcer disease and GET was found in this study. Correspondence to: Chia-Hung Kao     

Grade 1 or "ding" concussions in high school athletes

BACKGROUND: Recent concussion management guidelines have suggested that athletes with mild (grade 1) concussions may be returned to play if asymptomatic for 15 minutes. The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of a current concussion management guideline in classifying and managing mild concussion. HYPOTHESIS: High school athletes diagnosed with a grade 1 concussion will demonstrate measurable decline in neuropsychological functioning that persists during the 1st week of recovery. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study designed to evaluate neuropsychological functioning both prior to and following concussion. METHODS: Forty-three high school athletes completed neuropsychological test performance and symptom ratings prior to the season and at two times during the 1st week following mild concussion. RESULTS: Thirty-six hours after injury, mildly concussed high school athletes demonstrated a decline in memory (P < 0.003) and a dramatic increase in self-reported symptoms (P < 0.00001) compared to baseline performance. CONCLUSIONS: Athletes with grade 1 concussion demonstrated memory deficits and symptoms that persisted beyond the context in which they were injured. These data suggest that current grade 1 return-to-play recommendations that allow for immediate return to play may be too liberal. Clinical Relevance: A reconsideration of current concussion grading systems appears to be warranted.     

Biological effects of three types of ionizing radiation on creeping bentgrass

Abstract

Purpose: Gamma-rays and carbon ions are frequently used for mutation breeding in diverse plant species, whereas proton ions have been rarely used for this purpose. This study assessed the potential of proton ions for plant mutation breeding.

Materials and methods: We compared the effects of radiation on creeping bentgrass seeds with γ-rays, proton ions, and carbon ions on seed germination, plant growth parameters, and DNA fragmentation.

Results and conclusions: The lethal dose 50 (LD₅₀) doses based on seed germinability were 115.9?Gy (γ-rays), 225.1?Gy (proton ions), and 57.7?Gy (carbon ions). Threshold doses for survival were 150?Gy (γ-rays), 150?Gy (proton ions), and 25?Gy (carbon ions). Suppression of plant growth was displayed at 100?Gy (γ-rays), 25?Gy (proton ions), and 25?Gy (carbon ions). Similar patterns of decreasing head DNA percentage were observed for γ-rays and proton ions. Carbon ions induced the lowest frequency of DNA fragmentation. The biological effects of the ionizing radiation types on creeping bentgrass are summarizable as follows: germination, carbon ions (C)>γ-rays (G)>proton ions (P); survival, C?>?P?=?G; growth, C?≥?P?>?G; DNA fragmentation, G?≥?P?>?C. These results indicate that proton ions are useful as a physical mutagen in plant mutation breeding.     

对放牧管理及其以草定畜的再思考

在对草地退化原因分析的基础上,提出放牧管理及其以草定畜的内涵与相关支撑体系,探索实现以草定畜的途径和方法措施。     

肝源性溃疡

近几十年来,肝硬化与消化性溃疡之间的关系一直受到关注。早在1934年,Schnotker和Hass就注意到肝硬化患者有较高的消化性溃疡发生率。1946年,Jahn等提出肝源性溃疡(hepatogenic ulcer)。早期研究主要立足于肝功能障碍方面,然而迄今尚无确凿依据表明肝功能障碍在肝硬化病人发生消化性溃疡的作用。多数研究证实门脉高压可以通过影响胃功能、削弱胃粘膜保护机制,促使溃疡的发生。