基于中医传承辅助系统治疗小儿泄泻组方规律分析

目的:基于中医传承辅助系统软件,总结中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)中中医药治疗小儿泄泻的组方用药规律。方法:收集治疗小儿泄泻的方剂,将方剂信息录入中医传承辅助系统(V2.0.1),利用数据改进互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类、无监督熵层次聚类等数据挖掘方法,分析小儿泄泻方剂的组方规律。结果:对数据库小儿泄泻149条方剂记录进行了分析,得出药物用药频次、常用药对、药物之间的关联规则发现核心药物组合18个,挖掘出新处方共9个。结论:通过中医传承辅助平台可对小儿泄泻方剂数据进行分析,阐明了近年来治疗小儿泄泻的用药规律,其组方以健脾祛湿为主;基于熵层次聚类算法的新方以清热利湿为主,对研究中医药治疗小儿泄泻提供参考依据。     

叶天士治疗虚劳的用药规律挖掘研究

①目的探讨叶天士治疗虚劳的处方用药规律。②方法将《临证指南医案》、《种福堂公选医案》、《普济本事方释义》中治疗虚劳的处方录入中医传承辅助系统,利用软件集成的关联、规则分析、改进的互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类、无监督的熵层次聚类等数据挖掘方法,对叶天士治疗虚劳的处方用药规律进行数据挖掘分析。③结果共筛选出治疗虚劳的处方145首,用药频次排在前5位是茯苓（87）、人参（69）、熟地（45）、五味子（40）、大枣（38）,演化得到核心组合10个、新处方5个。④结论中医传承辅助系统的多角度分析,表明叶天士治疗虚劳重视脾肾,兼顾气血,用药规律是以运用建中焦,固下焦,温补脾肾气血之药为主。     

基于中医传承辅助系统分析叶桂治疗木乘土的用药规律

目的基于中医传承辅助系统,探讨叶桂治疗木乘土的用药规律。方法参考《临证指南医案》(北京科学技术出版社)中收集的治疗木乘土的医案,筛选并运用中医传承辅助系统(V2.0)建立方剂文献研究数据库,采用规则分析、复杂系统熵聚类、无监督的熵层次聚类等数据挖掘方法,对叶桂治疗木乘土的用药规律进行统计和分析。结果筛选治疗木乘土医案55例,12例复诊,共70首方剂,涉及中药92种;方剂中使用频率最高的药物为茯苓,使用频率最高的药物组合为人参-茯苓,占总方剂的41.43%;演化得到核心组合16个,新处方8首。结论叶桂治疗木乘土组方以健脾益气、疏肝理气为主,为临床治疗此类疾病提供参考。     

基于《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗腹痛的组方规律研究

目的采用关联规则apriori算法、复杂系统熵聚类等无监督数据挖掘方法,探索《中医方剂大辞典》中历代腹痛方剂中各种药物的使用及药物之间的关联规律。方法采用《中医传承辅助平台》(V2. 5),提取《中医方剂大词典》中治疗腹痛的有效方剂,构建数据库,使用软件关联规则算法,复杂系统熵聚类等数据挖掘方法,分析治疗腹痛方剂中常用的药物及其组合规律、提取核心组合形成新方。结果纳入《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗腹痛的有效方剂共1331首,共涉及中药721味,出现频率高于90的药物共31味,总结了常用药对36对,通过数据挖掘共得到治疗腹痛的核心用药组合10对,并演化新方组合5首。结论《中医方剂大辞典》收录了从秦汉至现代的中医临床验方,多用理气止痛、和络止痛、健脾助运、散寒温里、缓急止痛之品,中医传承辅助平台系统对于挖掘名老中医临床经验具有重要使用价值。     

新安固本培元派医家汪机与孙一奎论治脾胃病用药特色分析

目的 基于中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)软件,分析新安固本培元派代表性医家汪机与孙一奎论治脾胃病的用药特色.方法 从汪机代表作《医学原理》和孙一奎代表作《赤水玄珠》中筛选治疗脾胃病证的方剂各90首,录入中医传承辅助平台(V2.5),采用关联规则分析、改进互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类、无监督的熵层次聚类等数据挖掘方法,对2位医...     

基于中医传承辅助平台王庆国教授治疗类风湿性关节炎用药规律研究

目的:基于中医传承辅助平台系统(V2.5)软件,分析王庆国教授治疗类风湿性关节炎的用药规律。方法:收集王庆国教授治疗类风湿性关节炎的临床病例,首先运用"中医传承辅助平台"系统中的"临床采集"模块进行病例资料的录入,然后运用"数据分析"功能中的规则分析、改进互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类、无监督的熵层次聚类方法等分析王庆国教授治疗类风湿性关节炎的用药规律。结果:对选定的107个处方进行分析,确定处方中药物的使用频次和关联规则,并进一步挖掘出16个核心组合和8首新处方。结论:王庆国教授治疗类风湿性关节炎善于抓住湿热痹阻的核心病机,注重寒温同调,攻补兼施,临床喜用经方,不弃时方,古今接轨,疗效卓著。中医传承辅助系统的数据分析结果与专家临床辨证论治心得基本吻合。因此,本系统适用于名老中医学术经验的整理挖掘与传承发扬。     

基于中医传承辅助系统分析李世增教授治疗痤疮用药经验

目的:基于中医传承辅助系统(V1.1)软件,分析李世增教授治疗痤疮的用药经验。方法:收集李世增教授治疗痤疮的首诊病案152例,录入"中医传承辅助系统",采用该软件集成的规则分析、改进互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类及无监督的熵层次聚类等数据挖掘方法,分析李世增教授治疗痤疮的用药经验。结果:对152首处方进行分析,确定处方中各种药物的使用频次,药物之间的关联规则,演化得到核心组合45个、新处方9个。结论:李世增教授治疗痤疮具有用药组合多样性和用药集中性的特点,符合其对痤疮的五脏论治结合随证(症)加减的证治经验。     

基于中医传承辅助平台的中药穴位贴敷治疗冠心病心绞痛用药规律分析

目的:基于中医传承辅助平台2.5软件,探讨中药穴位贴敷治疗冠心病心绞痛的用药规律。方法 :收集中国知网数据库(CNKI)、万方中文期刊数据库、维普中文数据库(VIP)中自1956年至2015年12月所有中药穴位贴敷治疗冠心病心绞痛的方剂,运用中医传承辅助平台构建数据库,使用软件集成改进的互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类、无监督的熵层次聚类等数据挖掘方法,分析穴位贴敷治疗冠心病心绞痛用药规律。结果:筛选出73个穴位贴敷治疗冠心病心绞痛的处方,确定了处方中药物的使用频次规律,药物之间的关联规则,挖掘出12个核心组合和6首新处方。结论:中药穴位贴敷治疗冠心病心绞痛以活血化瘀之品为主,佐以芳香温通、理气化痰药物。     

基于中医传承辅助平台分析《外科发挥》治疗外科疾病的用药规律

目的基于中医传承辅助平台,探讨《外科发挥》中治疗外科疾病内服方剂的用药规律。方法检索并整理《外科发挥》中治疗外科疾病的内服方剂,应用中医传承辅助平台中的关联规则分析、复杂系统熵聚类及无监督熵层次聚类等挖掘方法,对《外科发挥》中治疗外科疾病内服方剂的用药规律进行分析。结果筛选出内服方192首,涉及中药207味;使用频数≥10的有43味,排在前4位的分别是生甘草、当归、人参、茯苓;频数≥30次的药物组合共12个,使用频数最高的药物组合为人参-生甘草、生甘草-当归;演化出3~4味药的核心组合Ⅰ和Ⅱ为23对,在以上核心组合提取的基础上,进一步聚类得到新处方23个。结论薛己临证辨治外科疾病注重活血化瘀、托补内消、养阴生肌,为临床辨治中医外科疾病用药提供科学的理论指导。     

基于数据挖掘探讨腹泻型肠易激综合征组方用药规律

目的:应用中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)软件分析治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)内服方剂的组方用药规律,以期为临床遣方用药和开发新型中成药提供参考.方法:搜集中文期刊文献中口服中药汤剂治疗IBS-D的处方,采用中医传承辅助平台的数据挖掘方法,通过软件集成的关联规则和复杂系统熵聚类等方法分析组方用药规律.结果:纳入处方...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.