区域肝蒂阻断技术在肝脏精准切除术中的运用

目的 探讨精准肝脏切除术中运用区域肝蒂阻断技术的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2017年5月苏州大学附属第一医院58例采用肝蒂横断式技术行肝脏切除术的患者资料。其中解剖性肝段切除46例,占全部手术的79%（46/58）,非解剖性肝切除12例;包括左外叶切除（II+III段）11例,左半肝切除（II+III+IV段）4例,右前叶切除（V+VIII段）1例,右后叶切除（VI+VII段）10例,右半肝切除（V+VI+VII+VIII段）14例,中肝切除（IV+V+VIII段）6例,局部切除12例。结果 全组均顺利完成手术,平均手术时间240（80～430）min,平均失血量420（50～800）mL,术后并发胆瘘2例,腹腔出血1例,均保守治疗后好转。结论 区域肝蒂血流阻断技术能最大限度地减少肝脏热缺血再灌注损伤,保护残余肝功能,有利于术后患者肝脏功能的恢复,具有良好的临床应用前景。     

肝门部Glisson蒂交替血流阻断循Glisson鞘行肝右前叶下段解剖性切除术

目的探讨肝门部Glisson蒂交替血流阻断、循Glisson鞘行肝右前叶下段解剖性切除在肝癌手术中的应用。方法 15例肝右前叶下段肝癌患者中,8例采用肝门部Glisson蒂交替血流阻断、循Glisson鞘行肝右前叶下段解剖性切除术(A组)。7例采用间歇性第一肝门阻断(B组)行肝肿瘤局部切除术。对两组术中出血、术后肝功能情况进行比较。结果两组均无死亡病例,A组术中出血量、术后第1、3、5、7天的血清谷丙转氨酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)明显低于B组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肝门部Glisson蒂交替血流阻断、循Glisson鞘行肝右前叶下段解剖性切除术是减少术中出血和术后肝功能损害的有效的肝切除方法。     

基于右前肝蒂、右后肝蒂和肝右静脉之间类三角区域的Glisson蒂入路在腹腔镜解剖性右侧肝段切除术中的应用

目的探讨基于右前肝蒂、右后肝蒂和肝右静脉(APR)之间的类三角区域(APR三角)入路、荧光反染的右侧解剖性肝切除术在腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术中的应用。方法回顾性分析2020年9月至2021年9月在中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院接受腹腔镜解剖性右侧肝段切除术治疗的34例肝脏肿瘤患者的临床资料, 其中男性24例, 女性10例, 年龄(58.3±10.3)岁。收集患者手术完成情况、手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血、术后并发症、术后住院时间等资料。结果 34例均为肝脏恶性肿瘤, 均在全腹腔镜下顺利完成手术, 无中转开腹手术者。其中V段切除3例, VI段切除3例, VII段切除5例, V段+VI段2例, VI段+VII段9例, V段+VIII段3例, V段背段+VI段+VII段5例, 右后区+前背段3例, 前背段1例。手术时间为(275.58±82.28)min, 术中出血量为100(100, 300)ml, 术中均无输血患者。术后第1天开始进食流质食物, 术后第2～3天下床活动。术后并发症的Clavien-Dindo分级I级32例, III级2例。术后住院时间为(7.23±3.10)d。肿瘤切...     

Glisson蒂横断式肝切除术10例报告

目的总结应用Glisson蒂横断式肝切除术的经验。方法回顾性分析10例行Glisson蒂横断式肝切除术病人的临床资料,其中肝胆管结石7例,胆囊癌1例,肝癌2例。采用Glisson蒂横断式技术分别行右肝后叶切除术(Ⅵ+Ⅶ段)3例,右肝前叶(Ⅴ+Ⅷ段)切除1例,左外叶(Ⅱ+Ⅲ段)切除2例,Ⅲ段切除1例,左半肝(Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅳ段)切除2例,局部肝切除(Ⅳb+Ⅴ段)1例。结果本组病例均成功实施Glisson蒂横断式肝切除术,术中无肝蒂Glisson鞘内管道损伤。手术时间平均4.6(3.2～6.5)h,术中失血量平均440(150～800)ml。术后无严重手术并发症和死亡病例,均痊愈出院。结论 Glisson蒂横断式肝切除术的理论基础在于对肝脏解剖分段新的认识,其操作简单、快速、安全,值得普遍推广应用。     

中央叶段肝切除术中的出血控制与胆道损伤预防

肝脏第I、II、IV、V、及VIII段(Coninaud分段)因邻近第一、二、三肝门所在位置,且在解剖上位于腔静脉周围的肝中央部位,被形象地称为中央肝段;而第III、VI、VII段则可称之为周围肝段。在治疗荷有肿瘤、肝内胆管结石等病变的局部或规则性中央肝叶、段切除术中,往往面临着较单纯的周围肝叶、段切除更为复杂的技术问题,而出血控制与预防胆管损伤是其中的焦点。一、术中出血的控制术中大量失血是导致大块肝切除术后预后不良独立的危险因素。由于与第一、二、三肝门有着密切的解剖关系,中央肝叶、段的肝切除术中常常因大血管的损伤而出现…     

经Glisson鞘美蓝染色解剖性肝切除治疗右肝后叶胆管结石北大核心CSCD

目的探讨经Glisson鞘美蓝染色解剖性肝切除治疗右肝后叶胆管结石的有效性及技术要点。方法回顾性分析收治的12例经Glisson鞘美蓝染色解剖性肝切除治疗右肝后叶胆管结石的临床资料。结果12例患者中,6例为2次以上胆道手术者。全部患者均行肝CT增强扫描及门静脉成像,单纯右肝Ⅵ段胆管结石4例,右肝后叶胆管结石8例,伴左肝外侧叶胆管结石2例、右侧尾状叶胆管结石1例。分离肝Ⅵ段或右肝后叶Glisson鞘,经门静脉注入美蓝,肝Ⅵ或右肝后叶美蓝界面显示良好。美蓝界面比缺血界面大且符合解剖。沿美蓝界面Ⅵ、Ⅶ段联合切除9例,Ⅵ段切除3例,合并左肝外侧叶切除2例、右侧尾状叶切除1例。术后切口感染5例、右胸腔积液4例、胆瘘2例,均保守治疗后痊愈,术后无死亡病例。所有患者获得3个月至7年（平均3．2年）随防,无结石复发。结论经Glisson鞘美蓝染色解剖性肝切除是右肝后叶胆管结石安全而有效的治疗措施。熟悉Glisson鞘的解剖和紧贴Glisson鞘分离是避免损伤胆管或门静脉的有效办法。     

Glisson蒂横断式肝段切除术治疗肝癌15例分析

目的 报告Glisson蒂横断式肝段切除术在肝癌手术切除中的应用体会。 方法 对2010年2~8月南昌大学第二附属医院肝胆外科手术治疗15例不同肝段肝癌的临床资料进行分析。结果 15例均按Glisson蒂横断式肝段切除法行解剖性肝段切除术,顺利完成解剖性肝段切除,平均手术时间130（100～180）min,术中平均出血量180（80～320）mL,术中均未输血,无术后并发症。结论 Glisson蒂横断式肝段切除法技术简便、快速安全,是一种理想的解剖性肝切除的手术方式。     

Glisson蒂横断联合肝静脉阻断在肝切除术中的应用

目的探讨Glisson蒂横断联合肝静脉阻断术在肝脏手术中的运用。方法回顾性分析我院2009年1月至2011年12月20例采用Gllsson蒂横断联合肝静脉阻断术行肝脏切除患者的资料。结果其中解剖性肝切除15例,非解剖性肝切除5例。包括左外叶切除（Ⅱ＋Ⅲ）3例,左半肝切除（Ⅱ＋Ⅲ＋Ⅳ）8例,右前叶切除（Ⅴ＋Ⅷ）2例,右后叶切除（Ⅵ＋Ⅷ）1例,右半肝切除（Ⅴ＋Ⅵ＋Ⅶ＋vm）1例,局部剜除5例。20例肝脏手术中解剖性肝切除占75％（15／20）,非解剖性占25％（5／20）,平均手术时间220（120～380）min,平均失血量300（100～600）mL,术后并发胆瘘1例,经保守治疗后好转。结论Glisson蒂横断联合肝静脉阻断肝切除术能够最大限度的减少肝脏出血,保护残肝功能,提高术后患者的预后。     

Glisson蒂横断式解剖性肝切除120例治疗体会

目的探讨Glisson蒂横断式解剖性肝切除术的应用价值。方法回顾性分析临沧市人民医院2014年1月至2017年3月行Glisson蒂横断式解剖性肝段切除术120例患者的临床资料。其中原发性肝癌65例,胆管细胞癌4例,肝门部胆管癌4例,胆囊癌6例,肝内胆管结石33例,肝血管瘤8例,肝寄生虫病10例。采用Glisson蒂横断式解剖性肝切除Ⅰ段切除3例,Ⅰ+Ⅱ段切除1例,Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅳ段切除1例,Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅳ+Ⅴ+Ⅷ段切除1例,Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅳ+Ⅷ段切除1例,Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅴ+Ⅵ+Ⅶ+Ⅷ段切除1例,左外叶(Ⅱ+Ⅲ段)切除33例,左半肝(Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅳ段)切除22例,左三叶(Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅳ+Ⅴ+Ⅷ段)切除3例,Ⅳb+Ⅴ段切除6例,Ⅳ+Ⅴ+Ⅷ段切除3例,右半肝切除(Ⅴ+Ⅵ+Ⅶ+Ⅷ段)25例,右三叶切除(Ⅳ+Ⅴ+Ⅵ+Ⅶ+Ⅷ段)3例,右前叶(Ⅴ+Ⅷ段)切除5例,Ⅵ段切除2例,右后叶切除术(Ⅵ+Ⅶ段)4例,Ⅶ段切除2例,Ⅷ段切除4例。其中9例同时行肝管空肠RouxY吻合术。结果全组均完成手术。术中平均出血量630 mL。平均手术时间3.7 h。术后发生并发症34例(28.33%),为胆漏、胸腔积液、多重耐药菌感染等。结论 Glisson蒂横断式解剖性肝切除术操作简便,快速安全,能明显减少出血,提高疗效,是一种可选择的手术方式。     

复发性肝脏黏液炎性纤维母细胞肉瘤1例

黏液炎性纤维母细胞肉瘤(MIFS)是一种罕见的软组织肿瘤, 常发生于四肢末端, 原发于肝脏实属罕见。本文报道1例原发于肝脏的MIFS, 患者男性, 58岁, 2020年1月10日在全麻下行肝脏VI、VII、VIII段不规则切除术。术后辅助放疗后复发, 评估病情后于2023年3月25日行肝II、III、VI肿瘤切除术。二次手术后随访再次行2次经导管肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE), TACE术后予以AI方案(吡柔比星+异环磷酰胺)治疗2个周期, 随后又联合靶向药物治疗。截至末次随访时(2023年12月13日), 依据实体瘤疗效评价标准, 综合评估疾病稳定。     

腹腔镜肝外格立森鞘外右肝蒂血流阻断新技术应用

目的探讨腹腔镜下肝外格立森鞘外右肝蒂血流阻断技术应用的可行性和安全性。方法从2013年3至8月,我们对8例右肝肿瘤患者实施了腹腔镜肝切除术,其中原发性肝癌3例,肝肉瘤样癌1例,肝血管上皮样肿瘤1例,肝血管瘤2例,肝转移癌1例。术中控制出血方法采用了肝外格立森鞘外右肝蒂血流阻断技术,通过降低前肝门板,分离后肝门板,最后通过直角钳完成肝外右Glisson鞘外的分离及预阻断。结果实施右半肝切除3例,肝5、6段切除2例,肝6、8段切除1例,肝6段切除2例,分离肝门板时间15～20min,无出血及胆漏等并发症。结论腹腔镜下经肝门板右半肝血流阻断技术安全可行、操作简单、可重复性强,该技术的应用有利于促进腹腔镜右肝切除的开展。     

完全腹腔镜下肝外Glisson鞘内解剖性肝切除术

目的探讨肝外Glisson鞘内解剖选择性阻断入肝血流在完全腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2018年1月~2019年7月34例完全腹腔镜下解剖性肝切除的临床资料。于肝外解剖Glisson鞘,鞘内解剖出肝动脉及门静脉,预先阻断预切除肝脏入肝血流。结果均在腔镜下完成手术,行右半肝切除12例,左半肝切除12例,右后叶切除3例,左肝外侧叶切除7例,无中转开腹。手术时间(2.7±0.6)h,术中出血量(414.7±194.0)ml,9例(26.5%)输血,术后常规不留置胃管,肛门排气时间(3.3±0.6)d,术后住院时间(8.2±3.4)d,无死亡。并发症包括腹水2例,肺部感染1例。34例随访时间1~18个月,平均8.8月,无肿瘤及结石复发。结论肝外Glisson鞘内解剖选择性阻断入肝血流操作相对简单、安全,可常规应用于完全腹腔镜下解剖性肝切除。     

Total and segmental liver volume variations: implications for liver surgery

BACKGROUND: Liver remnant volumes after major hepatic resection and graft volumes for liver transplantation correlate with surgical outcome. The relative contributions of the hepatic segments to total liver volume (TLV) are not well established. METHODS: TLV and hepatic segment volumes were measured with computed tomography (CT) in 102 patients without liver disease who underwent CT for conditions unrelated to the liver or biliary tree. RESULTS: TLV ranged from 911 to 2729 cm(3). On average, the right liver (segments V, VI, VII, and VIII) contributed approximately two thirds of TLV (997+/-279 cm(3)), and the left liver (segments II, III and IV) contributed approximately one third of TLV (493+/-127 cm(3)). Bisegment II+III (left lateral section) contributed about half the volume of the left liver (242+/-79 cm(3)), or 16% of TLV. Liver volumes varied significantly between patients--the right liver varied from 49% to 82% of TLV, the left liver, 17% to 49% of TLV, and bisegment II+III (left lateral section) 5% to 27% of TLV. Bisegment II+III contributed less than 20% of TLV in more than 75% of patients and the left liver contributed 25% or less of TLV in more than 10% of patients. DISCUSSION: There is clinically significant interpatient variation in hepatic volumes. Therefore, in the absence of appreciable hypertrophy, we recommend routine measurement of the future liver remnant before extended right hepatectomy (right trisectionectomy) and in selected patients before right hepatectomy if a small left liver is anticipated.     

肝叶血流阻断在右肝解剖性肝切除中的应用：附12例报告

目的:探讨肝叶血流阻断在右肝解剖性肝切除中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析12例患者的临床资料,其中原发性肝癌8例,肝内胆管结石4例,所有患者病变均局限在右肝肝叶或右肝仅一肝段中,术中均采用肝叶血流阻断行右肝解剖性肝切除。结果:12例患者手术均顺利完成,其中行肝V段切除1例,肝VII段切除2例,肝VIII段切除3例,右后叶切除4例,右前叶切除2例;平均手术时间(263.33±27.99)min,术中出血量(397.50±85.29)mL。术后并发胸腔积液1例,胆汁漏1例,经保守治疗治愈。所有患者均痊愈出院。结论:肝叶血流阻断在右肝解剖性肝切除中可有效控制术中出血的同时减轻对肝脏功能的损伤,安全可行。     

Effect of preoperative portal vein embolization on major hepatectomy for advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinomas in injured livers: A preliminary report

With the aim of minimizing postoperative liver dysfunction and promoting increased resectability, we employed portal vein embolization (PVE). In this study, the effect of PVE on major hepatic resection for advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in injured livers was evaluated. PVE was performed prior to hepatectomy in 13 patients with stage III and IV HCCs. Following PVE, right trisegmentectomy was performed in 3 patients, extended right lobectomy in 3 and right lobectomy in 7. To evaluate the effect of PVE, the changes in liver functional capacity and estimated remnant liver volume (ERLV), determined by computed tomography, were examined before and after PVE. The operative morbility, mortality, and survival rates after hepatectomy were also assessed. By 2 weeks after PVE, ERLV had increased in all patients, by an average of 28%, and the mean resection rates had decreased from 70.0% to 62.2%. Postoperatively, the 30-day mortality rate was 15.3%, and the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 69% and 46%, respectively. The results of this study indicate that resectability can be increased, and major hepatectomy can be made safer by employing PVE preoperatively, in view of the fact that major hepatectomy was not considered feasible without PVE in these patients.     

Surgical Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Originating from the Caudate Lobe

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originating from the caudate lobe is rare, and its surgical management is difficult because of its unique anatomic location. We have seen six such cases at our hospital. For patients with fair to excellent liver reserve, we advocated caudate lobectomy combining other types of hepatic resection. For patients with marked liver cirrhosis and poor liver reserve or a small HCC, we advocated simple partial caudate lobectomy (limited hepatic resection). There was no operative mortality or major operative morbidity. We conclude that such approaches are safer, less time-consuming, and less technique-demanding, and they produce a fair survival result compared with the approaches of other procedures. With such approaches, it is our experience that patients with HCC from the caudate lobe have a prognosis comparable to that of patients with HCC in other parts of the liver.     

Mesohepatectomy

BACKGROUND: Formal anatomic (lobar) or extended hepatectomies are recommended for liver malignancies located centrally within the liver (Couinaud's segments IVA, IVB, V, and VIII). Mesohepatectomy, resection of central hepatic segments and leaving the right and left segments in situ, removes large central tumors preserving more functioning liver tissue than either extended left or right hepatectomy. Mesohepatectomy is a seldom used, technically demanding procedure, and its application is yet to be defined. METHODS: Medical charts of 244 consecutive liver resection patients were reviewed retrospectively. Eighteen patients were treated with mesohepatectomy. Six patients had metastatic liver tumor (MLT), 11 had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 1 had gallbladder adenocarcinoma. The operative results were compared with groups of patients treated by lobar hepatectomy (n = 71) and extended left or right hepatectomy (n = 43). RESULTS: The mean mesohepatectomy operative time was 238 versus 304 minutes in the extended group. Inflow occlusion mean time was longer in the mesohepatectomy group than in extended procedures, 45 versus 39 minutes (P = not significant). Comparing the extended hepatectomy group, the mesohepatectomy group had a mean operative estimated blood loss 914 cc versus 1628 cc (P <0.01), postoperative hospital stay 9 versus 16 days (P = 0.054) and volume of resected liver 560cc versus 1500cc (P <0.01) respectively. The late complication rate was lower in the mesohepatectomy group than in the extended group and was comparable to the lobar hepatectomy group (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Despite its technical demands, mesohepatectomy should be considered as an alternative to extended hepatectomy for selected patients with primary and secondary hepatic tumors localized in middle liver segments, as its complication rate, postoperative recovery, and preserved liver tissue compare favorably with extended hepatic resection.