乳腺手术患者胸椎旁神经阻滞与全身麻醉效果比较的Meta分析

目的采用系统评价和Meta分析方法比较乳腺手术患者行胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)和全身麻醉(GA)的效果。方法检索Medline、Springer、Cochrane图书馆、CNKI、万方数据库及维普数据库,收集比较TPVB与GA在乳腺手术麻醉效果的随机对照试验(RCT)。应用Stata 11.0和RevMan 5.1软件进行Meta分析。结果获得符合标准的RCT研究5个,共计295例患者,其中TPVB组148例,GA组147例。Meta分析结果显示,TPVB组术后疼痛评分明显高于GA组(SMD2.59,95%CI 1.10~4.08),TPVB组术后镇痛药使用例次明显少于GA组(RR 0.23,95%CI 0.15~0.37),TPVB组术后恶心呕吐发生率明显低于GA组(RR 0.27,95%CI 0.12~0.61)。结论与GA比较,TPVB在乳腺手术后具有较高的疼痛评分和较低的镇痛药用量和不良反应发生率。     

竖脊肌平面阻滞与胸椎旁神经阻滞用于乳腺癌根治术围术期镇痛效果的比较

目的 比较竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESPB)与单点胸椎旁阻滞(TPVB)用于乳腺癌根治术围术期镇痛的效果。方法 择期行乳腺癌根治术的女性患者80例,年龄28~65岁,BMI<35 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字法分为两组：ESPB组和TPVB组,每组40例。ESPB组和TPVB组分别在麻醉诱导前行患侧超声引导下竖脊肌阻滞或胸椎旁阻滞,选择T5横突水平,注射0.5%罗哌卡因0.4 ml/kg。两组术毕皆采用舒芬太尼行PCIA。记录神经阻滞的操作时间、阻滞起效时间、阻滞平面,术中呼吸抑制、刺破胸膜、血管损伤情况,术中瑞芬太尼的用量,术后PCA首次按压时间,24 h内PCA有效按压次数,术后2、6、12、24、48 h的疼痛NRS评分,术后恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等并发症的发生情况。结果 与TPVB组比较,ESPB组神经阻滞操作时间明显缩短,阻滞起效时间明显延长,阻滞平面明显扩大,术后PCA首次按压时间明显缩短,24 h内PCA有效按压次数明显增多（P<0.05）。两组术中均未发生呼吸抑制、刺破胸膜、血管损伤等并发症。两组术中瑞芬太尼用量、术后不同时点疼痛NRS评分、术后并发症差异无统计学意义。结论 ESPB和TPVB用于乳腺癌根治术的围术期镇痛时,都能取得满意的效果,TPVB阻滞时间持久,ESPB阻滞平面范围更大,操作更简便。     

胸椎旁神经阻滞在患儿围术期镇痛中的应用进展

胸椎旁神经阻滞（TPVB）是一种将局麻药注入胸椎旁间隙，从而节段性地阻滞单侧躯体感觉神经、运动神经及交感神经的区域阻滞技术。近年来，TPVB技术用于患儿胸部及上腹部手术麻醉与镇痛的研究不断增加，表现出良好的围术期镇痛效果。本文从TPVB用药方案、扩散途径、操作方法、临床应用及并发症等方面对TPVB技术用于患儿围术期镇痛的应用现状及研究进展进行综述。     

A prospective study of analgesic quality after a thoracotomy: paravertebral block with ropivacaine before and after rib spreading

Objective: Paravertebral block (PVB) is an effective alternative to epidural analgesia in the management of post-thoracotomy pain. Rib spreading (RS) is an important noxious stimulus considered a major cause of post-thoracotomy pain. Our hypothesis was that a bolus of ropivacaine 0.2% through a paravertebral catheter (PVC) inserted before RS could decrease pain during the first 72 postoperative hours. Methods: The methodology employed was to perform a prospective randomised study of 60 consecutive patients submitted to thoracotomy. Patients were divided in two independent groups (anterior thoracotomy (AT) and posterolateral thoracotomy (PT)). A catheter was inserted under direct vision in the thoracic paravertebral space at the level of incision. In each group, patients were randomised to receive a bolus of 20 ml of ropivacaine 0.2% before rib spreading (pre-RS) or after (post-RS), just before closing the thoracotomy. They postoperatively received 15 ml of ropivacaine 0.2% every 6 h combined with methamizol (every 6 h). Subcutaneous meperidine was employed as a rescue drug. The level of pain was measured with the visual analogue scale (VAS) at 1, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after surgery. The need of meperidine as a rescue drug and secondary effects were also recorded. Results: We did not register secondary effects in relation to the PVC (paravertebral or cutaneous bleeding or haematoma, respiratory depression, cardiotoxicity, confusion, sedation, urinary retention, nausea, vomiting or pruritus). Seven patients (11.6%) needed meperidine as rescue drug (four pre-RS and three post-RS). The mean VAS values were the following: all cases (n = 60): 4.7 ± 2.0; AT (n = 32): 4.0 ± 2.1; PT (n = 28): 5.6 ± 1.8; pre-RS (n = 30): 4.8 ± 1.9; post-RS (n = 30): 4.6 ± 2.0; AT-pre-RS (n = 16): 4.1 ± 2.0; AT-post-RS (n = 16): 3.9 ± 2.1; PT-pre-RS (n = 14): 5.6 ± 1.6; PT-post-RS (n = 14): 5.4 ± 1.7. Conclusions: Post-thoracotomy analgesia combining PVC and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug is a safe and effective practice. VAS values are acceptable (only 11.6% of patients required meperidine). It prevents the risk of side effects related to epidural analgesia. Patients submitted to AT experienced less pain than those with PT (4.0 vs 5.6; p < 0.01). PVB with ropivacaine before RS got similar VAS values than the block after RS (4.8 vs 4.6; p > 0.05). The moment of the insertion of the PVC does not seem to affect postoperative pain levels.     

复方倍他米松复合罗哌卡因胸椎旁阻滞用于胸腔镜术后镇痛的效果

目的 探讨超声引导下复方倍他米松复合罗哌卡因胸椎旁阻滞用于胸腔镜术后镇痛的效果。方法 选择行择期胸腔镜手术患者60例,男41例,女19例,年龄18～60岁,BMI 18～25 kg/m²,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组：复方倍他米松复合罗哌卡因组(B组)和罗哌卡因组(R组),每组30例。两组在麻醉诱导前行超声引导下胸椎旁阻滞,B组注射药物为加入复方倍他米松0.5 ml的0.4%罗哌卡因25 ml, R组注射药物为0.4%罗哌卡因25 ml。两组均采用标准化的支气管插管静脉全麻方案,术后行PCA。记录阻滞起效时间、镇痛持续时间、PCA首次按压时间,术中舒芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚用量,术后2、4、8、12、24、48 h静息和活动时(咳嗽)VAS疼痛评分,术后48 h PCA总按压次数和舒芬太尼补救镇痛例数,术后48 h内呼吸抑制、恶心呕吐、穿刺部位感染、尿潴留等不良反应发生情况。结果 与R组比较,B组阻滞起效时间明显缩短(P<0.05),镇痛持续时间、PCA首次按压时间明显延长(P<0.05)。两组术中舒芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚用量差异均...     

乳腺癌患者术前超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞与术后慢性疼痛的相关性

目的 采用倾向性评分匹配法(PSM)评估术前超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)与术后1年以上乳腺癌患者术后慢性疼痛(CPSP)的相关性.方法 回顾性收集2018年1月至2019年3月全麻下择期乳腺癌手术女性患者的临床资料,ASAⅠ—Ⅲ级.根据是否接受术前超声引导下TPVB将患者分为两组:TPVB联合全麻组(TG组)和...     

超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞和胸椎旁神经阻滞用于胸腔镜下肺叶切除术的比较

目的比较超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞(erector spinae plane block,ESPB)和胸椎旁神经阻滞(thoracic paravertebral nerve block,TPVB)应用于胸腔镜下肺叶切除术中血流动力学变化及术后联合PCIA的效果。方法选择行胸腔镜下肺叶切除术的患者60例,男38例,女22例,年龄18~64岁,BMI 18~24 kg/m^2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为ESPB组(E组)和TPVB组(T组),每组30例。E组术前0.4%罗哌卡因25 ml行超声引导下单次ESPB,T组术前0.4%罗哌卡因25 ml行单次TPVB。罗哌卡因注入20 min后用冰块测定阻滞平面。术毕两组均给予PCIA至术后48 h。记录穿刺时间、深度;记录术中血管活性药使用情况、丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量;记录镇痛泵首次按压时间、有效按压次数、曲马多补救例数;记录胸闷、皮肤瘙痒等术后不良反应的发生情况。结果与T组比较,E组穿刺时间明显缩短(P<0.05),穿刺深度明显变浅(P<0.05),术中去氧肾上腺素使用率明显降低(P<0.05)。两组术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量、镇痛泵首次按压时间、有效按压次数、曲马多补救率及术后不良反应差异无统计学意义。结论超声引导下ESPB较TPVB操作更简单快捷,术中低血压发生率更低,术后两种阻滞联合PCIA均能为胸腔镜肺叶切术患者提供有效的镇痛。     

胸椎旁神经阻滞和竖脊肌平面阻滞用于胸腔镜肺叶切除术术后镇痛效果的Meta分析

目的:通过Meta分析方法评价超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞（thoracic paravertebral nerve block, TPVB）和竖脊肌平面阻滞（erector spinae plane block, ESPB）用于胸腔镜肺叶切除术术后镇痛的效果。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、C...     

General anaesthesia versus thoracic paravertebral block for breast surgery: A meta-analysis

Background

Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) offers an attractive alternative to general anaesthesia (GA) for ambulatory breast surgery. The aim of this meta-analysis was first to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TPVB for breast surgery, and second to compare TPVB with GA with regard to postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting, opioid consumption and length of hospital stay.

Methods

An electronic and manual search of English- and French-language articles on TPVB in breast surgery (published from January 1980 to June 2010) yielded 41 citations. Two levels of screening identified 11 relevant studies. The Mantel–Haenszel method (fixed effect) was used to perform the meta-analysis.

Results

Eleven studies were retained for analysis. When TPVB was used instead of GA, pain scores were significantly decreased at 1 and 6 h postoperatively (mean difference of 2.48 (95%confidence interval (CI): 2.20–2.75) and 1.71 (95%CI: 1.64–1.78), respectively). Furthermore, postoperative analgesic consumption was significantly lower in patients who received TPVB compared with GA (relative risk (RR) 0.23, (95%CI: 0.15–0.37)). TPVB was also associated with significantly less postoperative nausea and vomiting (RR 0.27 (95%CI: 0.12–0.61)). Increased patient satisfaction and a shorter hospital stay also favoured TPVB over GA.

Conclusions

TPVB provides effective anaesthesia for ambulatory breast surgery and can result in significant benefits over GA. However, further studies are required to determine whether these advantages would still be present if an optimal technique for outpatient GA is employed. Adjunctive ultrasonography may contribute to improve the safety of TPVB in breast surgery and requires further investigation.     

胸椎旁神经阻滞与多点肋缘下腹横肌平面阻滞在开腹肝脏手术术后镇痛的应用比较

目的:探讨胸椎旁神经阻滞(thoracic paravertebral nerve block,TPVB)与多点肋缘下腹横肌平面阻滞(transverse abdominal plane block,TAPB)在开腹肝脏手术术后镇痛中的应用价值。方法:拟行开腹肝脏手术的患者60例(手术切口均为经典反L型切口),ASA分级Ⅰ~Ⅲ级,采用随机数字表法分为TPVB组(TP组)和多点肋缘下TAPB组(TA组),每组30例。两组均在术前行超声引导下神经阻滞,TP组行双侧T 7-T 8和T 8-T 9 TPVB,TA组行双侧肋缘下和经典肋缘与髂前上棘之间的TAPB,共4个阻滞点。记录并比较两组阻滞操作时间,记录切皮前(T 0)、切皮后(T 1)、上腔静脉阻断时(T 2)、肝切除时(T 3)、缝皮时(T 4)的MAP和心率,记录手术时间、术中液体入量、瑞芬太尼消耗量、术后PACU停留时间,记录术后即刻(患者拔管苏醒后,可进行正常语言交流)、术后2h、术后6h的静息及运动VAS评分,记录术后6h内给予阿片类药物的例数、术后第1次给予阿片类药物的时间。结果:TA组的阻滞操作时间短于TP组(P<0.05)。两组患者T 0时MAP和心率差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05),但在T 1、T 3、T 4时TP组的MAP和心率均低于TA组(P<0.05)。TP组术中瑞芬太尼消耗量、术后PACU停留时间、术后即刻和术后2h的静息及运动VAS评分也明显少于TA组(P<0.05),但术后第1次给予阿片类药物的时间,TP组长于TA组(P<0.05)。其余观察指标两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在开腹肝脏手术中,TPVB较多点肋缘下TAPB能提供更加平稳的血流动力学变化,减少阿片类药物的用量,提供更完善的围手术期镇痛。     

罗哌卡因复合地塞米松胸椎旁神经阻滞用于Ivor-Lewis食管癌根治术的效果

目的 观察超声引导下罗哌卡因复合地塞米松胸椎旁阻滞(TPVB)在Ivor-Lewis食管癌根治术中的应用效果.方法 选择择期行Ivor-Lewis食管癌根治术患者60例,男29例,女31例,40～75岁,ASAⅠ—Ⅲ级.采用数字表法将患者随机分为两组:单纯罗哌卡因组(R组)和罗哌卡因复合地塞米松组(RD组),每组30例...     

超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞对胸腔镜手术患者苏醒质量及术后镇痛的影响

目的评估超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞(thoracic paravertebral nerve block, TPVB)复合全麻对胸腔镜下肺叶切除术患者苏醒质量及术后镇痛的影响。方法择期行胸腔镜下肺叶切除术患者52例,男34例,女18例,年龄25～65岁,BMI 19～28 kg/m~2, ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。按随机数字表法分为胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全麻组(观察组)和单纯全麻组(对照组),每组26例。麻醉诱导前观察组在超声引导下行单次椎旁神经阻滞,注射0.375%罗哌卡因25 ml;对照组不做任何处理。两组麻醉诱导后均采用全凭静脉麻醉,术后给予患者静脉自控镇痛。记录自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间、术后镇静-躁动评分(SAS),记录术后1、6、12、24、48 h静息及咳嗽时VAS评分,记录镇痛药物使用及恶心呕吐、瘙痒、尿潴留、嗜睡、呼吸抑制和低血压等不良反应的发生情况。结果两组自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间差异无统计学意义。两组术后不同时点静息时VAS评分差异无统计学意义。与对照组比较,观察组术后SAS评分、术后1、6、12 h的咳嗽时VAS评分明显降低(P0.05),术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数明显减少(P0.05)。两组不良反应差异无统计学意义。结论 TPVB联合全麻镇痛效果确切,术后苏醒质量高,可安全有效地用于胸腔镜下肺叶切除术患者。     

不同剂量右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因胸椎旁神经阻滞在非插管胸腔镜手术中的比较

目的比较不同剂量右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因胸椎旁神经阻滞在非插管胸腔镜手术中的效果。方法择期行胸腔镜肺大泡切除术的患者114例,男90例,女24例,年龄25～60岁,BMI25 kg/m~2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为四组。麻醉诱导前行胸椎旁神经阻滞,C组注入0.375%罗哌卡因20 ml, D1、D2、D3组分别注入右美托咪定0.5、1.0、2.0μg/kg复合0.375%罗哌卡因20 ml。记录感觉阻滞起效时间和持续时间;入室时(T_0)、注药后30 min(T_1)、手术开始时(T_2)、手术开始后30 min(T_3)的RR、PaO_2和PaCO_2;术毕全麻药的用量;术中低血压、心动过缓和使用麻黄碱与阿托品的情况。结果与C、D1组比较,D2、D3组感觉阻滞起效时间明显缩短(P0.05),持续时间明显延长(P0.05),T_2、T_3时PaCO_2明显降低(P0.05),RR、PaO_2明显升高(P0.05),术毕丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼的用量明显减少(P0.05);D3组心动过缓和低血压的发生率明显高于其他三组(P0.05)。结论右美托咪定1.0μg/kg复合罗哌卡因行胸椎旁神经阻滞可缩短感觉阻滞起效时间,延长持续时间,减少全麻药用量,无明显血流动力学不良反应发生。     

胸椎旁神经阻滞联合喉罩全麻在肺大泡切除术中的应用

目的评估超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合保留自主呼吸的喉罩全麻在胸腔镜下肺大泡切除术的安全性和有效性。方法选择择期行胸腔镜下行肺大泡切除术患者60例,男36例,女24例,年龄17～30岁,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为两组,每组30例。A组采用传统双腔支气管导管全麻,实现术中单肺通气。B组清醒时在超声引导下行胸椎旁神经阻滞,丙泊酚静脉诱导后置入喉罩,术中不使用肌松药,保留患者的自主呼吸,在自主呼吸状态下术侧肺因大气压和肺的弹性回缩塌陷。B组仅用七氟醚维持麻醉深度。术后两组患者均采用PCIA。记录术中SpO_2最低值、P_(ET)CO_2最大值;记录术野暴露情况评分、麻醉时间、手术时间、苏醒时间、术后住院时间及住院费用;观察术中有无呼吸抑制和咳嗽;观察术后有无恶心呕吐、咽部不适、声嘶发生。结果两组术中SpO_2最低值、P_(ET)CO_2最大值、术野暴露情况评分、麻醉时间、手术时间差异无统计学意义。B组术中无呼吸抑制。与A组比较,B组苏醒时间、术后住院时间明显缩短(P0.05),住院费用明显降低(P0.05),恶心呕吐、术后咽痛、声嘶发生率明显降低(P0.05)。结论超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合保留自主呼吸的喉罩全麻可安全用于胸腔镜下肺大泡切除术,且可加快患者术后康复。     

超声引导下横突-胸膜中点阻滞与胸椎旁神经阻滞用于单孔胸腔镜手术后镇痛效果的比较

目的 比较超声引导下横突-胸膜中点阻滞(MTPB)与胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)用于单孔胸腔镜手术术后镇痛的效果。
方法 选择择期行单孔胸腔镜手术患者80例,男36例,女44例,年龄18～65岁,BMI 19～28 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ―Ⅲ级。采用随机数字表法分为MTPB组（M组）和TPVB组（P组）,每组40例。手术结束后M组行超声引导下MTPB,P组行TPVB,两组均注射0.5%罗哌卡因15 ml。两组患者术后均采用PCIA。记录神经阻滞操作时间、穿刺深度,记录术后2、6、12、24、48 h安静和咳嗽时VAS疼痛评分,记录镇痛泵首次按压时间、总按压次数、舒芬太尼使用量和补救镇痛例数,记录穿刺相关并发症、镇痛不良反应发生情况。
结果 与P组比较,M组神经阻滞操作时间明显缩短（P<0.05）,进针深度明显变浅（P<0.05）。术后2、6、12、24、48 h两组安静和咳嗽时VAS疼痛评分差异无统计学意义。两组患者术后镇痛泵首次按压时间、总按压次数、舒芬太尼用量和补救镇痛率差异无统计学意义。两组患者术后恶心、呕吐等不良反应差异无统计学意义。
结论 MTPB或TPVB联合术后PCIA应用于单孔胸腔镜手术患者,术后均可取得良好的镇痛效果,但MTPB操作简单、安全,可作为单孔胸腔镜手术患者术后镇痛方案的选择。     

超声引导下臂丛联合胸椎旁阻滞对肩胛骨骨折内固定患者术后镇痛效果的影响

目的评价超声引导下臂丛联合胸椎旁阻滞(thoracic paravertebral block,TPVB)对肩胛骨骨折内固定患者术后镇痛效果的影响。方法选择择期肩胛骨骨折内固定患者60例,男48例,女12例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为臂丛联合TPVB组(B组)和对照组(C组),每组30例。B组患者通过肌间沟和锁骨上两条途径予以臂丛神经阻滞,并在C_7~T_1、T_2~T_3和T_4~T_5水平予以椎旁阻滞,阻滞完成30min后行全麻诱导。C组常规全麻诱导手术。记录患者术中舒芬太尼用量、PACU停留时间、疼痛主诉、追加镇痛药物等情况;观察并记录术后恶心呕吐、眩晕、呼吸抑制、尿潴留等并发症。结果 C组术中舒芬太尼用量明显多于B组[(43.2±7.1)μg vs(12.3±5.2)μg,P0.05];PACU停留时间明显长于,主诉疼痛比例和芬太尼追加剂量明显大于B组(P0.05);两组术后并发症差异无统计学意义。结论超声引导下臂丛联合TPVB在肩胛骨骨折内固定患者的术后镇痛中,效果确切,安全可靠。     

胸椎旁程控间歇脉冲注药对胸腔镜肺叶切除患者术后急性疼痛和早期恢复质量的影响

目的 探讨胸椎旁程控间歇脉冲注药对胸腔镜肺叶切除患者术后镇痛效果和早期恢复质量的影响.方法 选择拟在本院行胸腔镜下肺叶切除患者46例,男23例,女23例,年龄45～70岁,BMI 18.5～30.0 kg/m2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级.随机分为两组:胸椎旁程控间歇注药组(P组)和持续静脉自控镇痛组(V组),每组25例.麻醉诱导...     

Single injection paravertebral block for renal surgery in children

Background:  Continuous paravertebral block (PVB) has been successfully used for postoperative analgesia in children. However, data regarding the efficacy of a single injection technique for major renal surgery are still lacking.
Methods:  Following the ethics committee approval and parent informed consent, 24 children (median 10.3 months; range: 2.9–26.8) undergoing major renal surgery were included in a prospective observational pilot study. Following a standardized general anesthetic the patients were administered a single injection low thoracic PVB (loss-of-resistance technique; 0.5 ml·kg⁻¹ of levobupivacaine 2.5 mg·ml⁻¹ with epinephrine 5 μg·ml⁻¹) at the end of surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed by Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) score at predetermined time points and in case of apparent patients' discomfort during the first 12 postoperative hours. The duration of postoperative analgesia was defined as the interval between PVB and the first supplemental administration of a rescue opioid analgesic. The incidence of complications and postoperative vomiting (POV) was also recorded.
Results:  A successful PVB was achieved in 23/24 patients (95.8%). The median duration of the block was 600 min (range: 180–720 min) with 10 children not requiring any supplemental analgesia during the 12-h observation period. Vascular puncture was observed in 2/24 children (8.3%) and POV occurred in 4/24 children (16.7%). All complications were considered minor and did not influence recovery.
Conclusions:  Single injection PVB provided clinically relevant postoperative analgesia in children undergoing major renal surgery.     

前锯肌平面阻滞与胸椎旁神经阻滞用于胸腔镜手术患者术后镇痛效果的比较

目的比较前锯肌平面阻滞与胸椎旁神经阻滞用于胸腔镜手术患者术后的镇痛效果。方法选择择期行胸腔镜手术患者60例,男38例,女22例,年龄18～65岁,BMI 18～25kg/m2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法分为前锯肌平面阻滞组(S组)和胸椎旁阻滞组(T组),每组30例。两组患者均采用支气管插管静脉全身麻醉,术后采用PCIA。S组于麻醉诱导前行超声引导下前锯肌平面阻滞,T组则行超声引导下胸椎旁阻滞,两组均使用0.4%罗哌卡因30ml,阻滞完成后30min使用针刺法测定并记录感觉阻滞平面;记录阻滞操作时间、起效时间、持续时间;记录术后2、4、8、12、24、48h的静息和咳嗽VAS评分;记录首次按压镇痛泵时间、术后48h内镇痛泵有效按压次数、舒芬太尼使用总量和哌替啶补救性镇痛例数;记录阻滞相关并发症、镇痛不良反应发生情况。结果与T组比较,S组阻滞操作时间明显缩短,阻滞持续时间明显延长(P0.01);S组术后12h静息时和咳嗽时VAS评分明显降低(P0.01),S组PCIA首次按压时间明显延长,S组PCIA 48h内按压次数、舒芬太尼使用量明显减少(P0.01),两组气胸、恶心呕吐发生率差异无统计学意义。结论超声引导下前锯肌平面阻滞或胸椎旁阻滞均可为胸腔镜手术患者提供良好术后镇痛,但前锯肌平面阻滞较胸椎旁阻滞作用更持久、操作时间更短、并发症更少,且能有效减少患者术后对阿片类药物的需求量。