Transurethral resection versus transurethral incision of the prostate

A new operation, transurethral incision of prostate (TUIP), performed on 846 patients in 20 years, is offered primarily for the management of bladder outlet obstruction in young, middle-aged, and those old men with small prostates who otherwise would be subjected for years to dilatation, massage, and drugs with only partial and temporary relief. In matched cases, results and complications are the same for TUIP and TURP except for the troublesome bladder neck contracture and the higher incidence of reflex into the seminal vesicles and sexual complications after resection of the prostate. Transurethral incision is unsuitable for large prostates. As for economics, compassion and wisdom in fee collection are justified. Cost reduction in health care may be necessary, but it hurts everyone involved. There is no such thing as unnecessary surgery when the critics are charged with decision making about the health and life of the patient before surgery. Finally, before the advent of the third-party payment, operations were avoided because of the financial burden. The surgeon, the patient, and the relatives silently consented to no care. This "silent consent" did not improve the quality of life but did contain costs--as well as longevity.     

剥离式经尿道前列腺切除术与经尿道前列腺电切术治疗良性前列腺增生的比较研究

目的:比较经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)与使用专用前列腺增生腺体剥离器行剥离式经尿道前列腺切除术(剥离式TURP,TUERP)治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效与安全性。方法:BPH患者630例,均具备手术指征,随机分为TURP组(305例)和剥离式TURP组(325例)。术前两组年龄、前列腺体积、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、最大尿流率(Qmax)数值比较,差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。记录两组手术时间、手术切除率、术后需要持续膀胱冲洗时间、术后生活质量评分(QOL)、手术并发症数据,进行统计学分析。结果:手术后的资料分析显示,TUERP手术切除率优于TURP组的手术切除率[(60.1±12.3)%vs(47.0±13.3)%,P0.05)];TUERP组平均手术时间比TURP组短[(40.4±14.2)min vs(57.9±15.9)min,P0.05];术后冲洗时间较短[(2.2±1.1)d vs(2.7±0.6)d,P0.05]。TUERP组手术前后血清Na+和血红蛋白浓度变化无统计学意义,TURP组血清Na+和血红蛋白浓度变化有统计学意义[血Na+:(141.2±3.5)mmol/L vs(136.9±4.7)mmol/L,P0.01,血红蛋白:(137.6±8.8)g/L vs(124.8±9.6)g/L,P0.01]。术后3个月,两组的IPSS评分、QOL评分、Qmax评分均较术前有显著改善(P均0.01),组间比较无显著性差异。(P0.05)。结论:剥离式TURP治疗BPH和TURP比较,具有手术时间短、手术切除率高、术中出血少、术后恢复快、并发症少等优点,在临床上有良好的应用前景。     

经尿道前列腺汽化电切术联合电切术与开放手术治疗前列腺增生症的围术期比较

目的对比研究经尿道前列腺汽化电切除术(transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate,TUVP)联合经尿道前列腺电切术(transurethral resection of the prostate,TURP)与开放性前列腺切除术治疗良性前列腺增生症(ben ign prostatehyperp lasia,BPH)的围术期情况。方法我院1997年11月~2004年12月手术治疗BPH 156例,其中TUVP联合TURP 53例,耻骨上前列腺切除术103例。结果2组手术时间无显著性差异(90±70 m in vs 108±68 m in,t=-1.550,P=0.123),TUVP联合TURP组输血率(8%vs 38%,2χ=16.109,P=0.000),尿液转清时间(2±1 d vs 4±1 d,t=-11.831,P=0.000),术后带尿管时间(10±8 d vs 19±10 d,t=-5.680,P=0.000),术后下床活动时间(6±4 d vs 20±10 d,t=-9.785,P=0.000),术后住院时间(20±14 d vs 34±24 d,t=-3.914,P=0.000)均优于开放组,但并发症发生率高(15.1%vs 2.9%,2χ=6.173,P=0.013)。结论TUVP联合TURP治疗BPH创伤小,术后恢复快,是一种良好的手术方式。     

经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切和经尿道前列腺电切治疗良性前列腺增生的临床结果比较

目的比较经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术(PKRP)与经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的临床疗效及安全性。方法PKRP组78例,TURP组78例,比较2组手术时间、术中出血量,术后国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、最大尿流率(Qmax)及并发症发生率。结果PKRP组手术时间、术中出血量、术后2个月内暂时性尿失禁发生率、术后4周内继发性出血及3个月内尿道狭窄发生率分别为(64±21)min,(247±84)ml,26．9％(21／78),1．3％(1／78)和2．6％(2／78),TURP组分别为(78±18)min,(432±132)ml,48．7％(38／78),10．3％(8／78)和12．8％(10／78),2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0．05)。2组均未发生电切综合征(TURS)。PKRP组术后IPSS为4．6±1．2,QOL为1．1±0．8,Qmax为(26．1±4．6)ml／s; TURP组分别为4．8 4±1．1、1．3±0．8、(25．3．4±4．2)ml／s;均较术前明显改善(P<0．01),但组间差异无统计学意义。结论PKRP与TURP比较,治疗BPH疗效相近,但安全性更好,是治疗BPH的理想方法。     

经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切与TURP治疗BPH的疗效比较

目的:比较经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术(PKRP)与经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)治疗BPH的临床疗效及安全性。方法:将164例BPH患者随机均分成PKRP组和TURP组,比较两组术后最大尿流率(Qmax)、剩余尿量(PVR)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)等指标。结果:PKRP组72例、TURP组76例获得随访,随访时间3个月。PKRP组尿道外口狭窄2例,膀胱颈挛缩1例,TURP组尿道外口狭窄6例,膀胱颈挛缩4例;PKRP组Qmax为(22.6±4.6)ml/s,PVR为(8.6±4.4)ml,IPSS为(4.6±1.2)分,QOL为(1.2±0.6)分;TURP组分别为(24.2±4.2)ml/s、(9.6±3.6)ml、(4.4±1.0)分、(1.4±0.8)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:PKRP与TURP治疗BPH疗效相近,但PKRP平均手术时间、术中出血量、围手术期及术后并发症较TURP明显减少,手术安全性高,有良好的应用前景。     

Transurethral resection versus transurethral incision of the prostate. A prospective randomized study

In this ongoing study, patients with an estimated prostate size of no more than 20 gm are randomized to undergo either transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or transurethral incision (TUIP) at the 6 o'clock position. To date, 93 patients have been included, and 3 months postoperatively, 80 to 90 per cent of the patients in each group reported improvement. There was also a significant decrease in symptom scores and a significant increase in maximum urinary flow rate, with great variation within each group but without difference between the groups. In both groups, there appears to be some deterioration over time. Operating time, estimated blood loss, time to catheter removal postoperatively, and duration of postoperative hospital stay were all significantly in favor of TUIP. Loss of ejaculation was reported by 37 per cent of patients after TURP and by 13 per cent after TUIP (not statistically significant). There was no difference between the groups in the need for further surgery. Therefore, TUIP is recommended as an alternative to TURP in patients with small prostates.     

高频能量发生器前列腺电切术治疗良性前列腺增生

目的:探讨高频能量发生器(HFG)前列腺电切术治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的临床应用。方法:72例BPH患者根据术式分为2组,36例行HFG前列腺电切术,冲洗液为0.9%生理盐水;36例行经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP),冲洗液为5%葡萄糖溶液。统计每例患者术前术后血红蛋白(Hb),中心静脉压(CVP)的变化及手术时间。术后随访2周、6个月,观察国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、最大尿流率(Qmax)和前列腺体积的变化。结果:两组之间CVP、手术时间、术后2周IPSS和Qmax的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同治疗组治疗前后Hb变化、IPSS变化和Qmax变化的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:HFG前列腺电切术操作简便,其更高的切割效率,使术中基本无出血,采用等渗生理盐水为灌洗液,杜绝了电切综合症(TURS)的发生。HFG前列腺电切术是TURP的改良升级,对于快速解除膀胱出口梗阻、治疗BPH患者安全有效。     

Comparison of long-term results of transurethral incision of the prostate with transurethral resection of the prostate, in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy

One hundred patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) were randomized to transurethral incision (TUIP) or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The average prostate weight before operation was not more than 30.0 g. Indications for the operations were based on the disease history, physical examination, digital rectal examination, laboratory values, and pressure-flow examination. All operations were performed with patients under spinal anesthesia. TUIP was performed with a Collins knife, and TURP was performed with a resectoscope. Follow-up was performed 24 months after the operations. After treatment there were statistically significant daytime and nocturnal reduction in voiding frequencies of 2.9 and 1.7, respectively, after TUIP, and 2.0 and 1.5 after TURP. In both groups, there occurred significantly better maximal flow rate from 7.6 mL/s to 16.9 mL/s in group I and from 6.9 mL/s to 17.6 mL/s in group II. The mean values of linearized passive urethral resistance relation in both groups significantly decreased from 3.6 +/- 0.6 to 1.0 +/- 0.5 after TUIP and from 3.9 +/- 04 to 1.4 +/- 0.5 after TURP. The TUIP procedure is effective and safe for patients with a small number of complications.     

经尿道前列腺电切术与经尿道前列腺剜除加腹部小切口术治疗大体积前列腺增生的疗效比较

目的 探讨经尿道前列腺剜除加腹部小切口腺体取出来治疗大体积前列腺增生是否存在优势.方法 选取体积大于80ml前列腺增生患者160例,随机分成A、B两组,每组80例,A组行经尿道前列腺剜除加腹部小切口腺体取出术.B组行经尿道前列腺电切术.分别比较二组手术时间、出血量、并发症发生情况和术后排尿情况. 结果 A组与B组的手术时间分别为58±16 min、135±17min,出血量为89±23nl,189±21.5ml.A组无一例发生前列腺电切综合征(TURS);B组4例出现程度不等TURS,上述项目经统计学处理,两组差异有显著意义(P＜0.05).结论 经尿道腔内剜除加下腹小切口腺体取出术结合了微创及开放手术的优势,在不明显增加创伤情况下,缩短了手术时间,减少术中出血和腺体残留,是治疗大体积前列腺增生的实用方法,有较好的临床推广意义的.     

Transurethral electrovaporization vs transurethral resection for symptomatic prostatic obstruction: a meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness and safety of transurethral electrovaporization (TUEVP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: Publications comparing TUEVP and TURP were identified systematically using Medline, the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register and other database search engines. From a total of 25 randomized controlled trials, 20 studies met the predefined inclusion criteria and were subjected to a formal meta-analysis. Primary endpoints were symptom scores and peak urinary flow rates. Secondary endpoints included transfusion requirements, operative time, duration of catheterization, incidence of adverse events, hospital stay, re-operation rates and sexual dysfunction. RESULTS: After 1 year of follow-up there was no significant difference between TUEVP and TURP in urinary symptom scores and peak urinary flow rates. There was heterogeneity at baseline for both primary outcome measures. TUEVP was associated with significantly lower transfusion requirements, a shorter catheterization time, and a shorter length of stay. TURP was associated with a lower risk of urinary retention afterward and re-operation than was TUEVP. CONCLUSION: This formal meta-analysis suggests that both TUEVP and TURP in patients with symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction provide comparable improvements in maximum urinary flow rates and symptom scores. While comparative analysis is limited by the methodological shortcomings of the underlying studies and the short follow-up, both TURP and TUEVP may offer distinct advantages in terms of secondary outcomes. A future, well-designed, multicentre randomized clinical trial with extended follow-up may be needed to better define the role of vaporization techniques in treating patients with symptomatic BPH.     

Transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate versus transurethral electrocautery resection of the prostate: a randomized prospective trial in 200 patients

PURPOSE: Transurethral electrocautery resection (TURP) is generally regarded as the gold standard surgical treatment for bladder outflow obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia despite its rather high morbidity. The high powered holmium:YAG laser can be used endoscopically to enucleate obstructing prostatic tissue in a relatively bloodless manner. The technique of transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) was compared to standard TURP for the surgical management of prostate adenomas in a randomized, prospective clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 urodynamically obstructed patients with a prostate of less than 100 gm on transrectal ultrasound were randomized to HoLEP or TURP. All patients were assessed preoperatively, and 1, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Patient baseline characteristics, perioperative data and postoperative outcome were compared. All complications were noted. RESULTS: HoLEP was significantly superior to TURP in terms of catheter time, hospital stay and hemoglobin loss but operative time was longer. HoLEP and TURP resulted in a significant improvement in American Urological Association symptom scores, peak urinary flow rates and post-void residual urine volumes with symptoms scores and residual volume significantly better in the holmium group. Effects on continence and potency were similar in the 2 groups but adverse events were less frequent in the holmium group. CONCLUSIONS: HoLEP and TURP are highly effective procedures for removing obstructing prostatic adenomas. HoLEP resulted in significantly better micturition parameters and less perioperative morbidity.     

Transurethral incision versus transurethral resection of the prostate. A subjective and objective analysis.

A prospective study was undertaken comparing transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP) with transurethral resection (TURP) in the treatment of 220 patients with urinary obstruction caused by a small, benign prostate. Patients were managed alternately by TUIP and TURP, and their symptoms and urodynamic findings evaluated before and after surgery. Subjectively and objectively, the results were comparable in both groups. Pre- and post-operative complications were significantly less for the TUIPs than the TURPs. TUIP was significantly better than TURP in terms of shorter operating time, duration of hospitalisation and reduced need for transfusion. We recommend TUIP as the operation of choice for the relief of obstruction in the presence of a small, benign prostatic enlargement.     

经尿道前列腺汽化电切术治疗前列腺增生症

目的探讨经尿道前列腺汽化电切术治疗良性前列腺增生（BPH）的疗效。方法采用经尿道前列腺汽化切割并电切术（TUVP）治疗前列腺增生患者215例,年龄58～93岁,平均69-4岁,病程1个月～8年,术前IPSS评分平均为30．2分。结果所有手术均取得成功,无一例转为开放手术,平均手术时间50min,术中无输血,未出现严重的并发症。术后随访1年以上67例,其中短暂尿失禁8例,经保守治疗后均于1个月内恢复。术后IPSS评分平均8．6分;平均最大尿流率（Qmax）18．8mVs,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义。结论将电切与汽化切割相结合行经尿道前列腺切除是一种微创、安全性高且疗效确切的BPH治疗方法。     

Ex-vivo comparison of the haemostatic properties of standard transurethral resection and transurethral vaporization resection of the prostate

OBJECTIVE: To compare the haemostatic properties of standard transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and transurethral vaporization resection of the prostate (TUVRP), as perioperative bleeding is still regarded as the major complication of prostate resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Isolated blood-perfused porcine kidneys were used to determine the haemostatic efficacy of TURP and TUVRP (using two different electrodes). Bleeding was quantified precisely in relation to tissue ablation for the two techniques, and specimens were evaluated histologically. RESULTS: Both TUVRP groups had significantly less bleeding (P = 0.005) than the TURP group for a standardized ablation volume of perfused kidney tissue (18.9, 19.5 and 24.1 mL/min, respectively). The different TUVRP electrodes had no significant haemostatic differences. The histology showed significantly (P = 0.03) larger coagulation zones for the TUVRP groups than for standard TURP. CONCLUSIONS: TUVRP ex-vivo was associated with significantly better haemostasis than TURP. The haemostatic properties of different active electrodes for TUVRP seem to be equivalent.     

TURP术后继发性大出血15例分析

目的　探讨经尿道前列腺电切术 (TURP)术后继发性大出血的原因。方法　回顾性分析 70 0例前列腺增生症行经尿道前列腺电切术后 ,15例继发大出血的临床资料。结果　 15例切除前列腺组织质量平均为 2 3.3g,手术时间平均为 4 0min。继发性出血多发生于术后第 2天 ,最长 14d ,平均 4 .9d。手术出血量平均为 2 71.4mL ,继发性出血时清除膀胱内血块平均 30 0g。前列腺创面组织病理检查为炎症肉芽组织。结论　前列腺创面感染和腹压增高是TURP术后继发性大出血的主要原因。     

Differences in stress response between patients undergoing transurethral resection versus endoscopic laser ablation of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia

The objective of the study was to determine the differences in systemic stress response in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) versus endoscopic laser ablation of the prostate (ELAP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The study included 48 patients with BPH (24 treated by TURP and 24 by ELAP). Blood samples were taken from each patient before and immediately after the procedure and on postoperative days 1, 6, and 20, respectively. TURP caused more intense acute-phase response during 24 h after the procedure considering the serum c-reactive protein (CRP) level (p < 0,001) and absolute leukocyte (p = 0.001) and neutrophil number (p = 0.003) in peripheral blood. ELAP caused more decrease in the number of natural killer cells immediately after the procedure (p = 0.048). There were no statistically significant differences between TURP and ELAP procedures in protein and creatine kinase (CK) levels, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol as well as other immunological parameters. TURP causes more intense acute-phase response than ELAP.     

Management of inguinal hernia with benign prostatic hyperplasia: Simultaneous inguinal hernioplasty with transurethral resection of prostate

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients frequently suffer from inguinal hernia and benign prostatic hyperplasia. When these two occur together, it becomes important to decide which surgery should be done first. METHODS: Data was maintained prospectively for 35 patients undergoing simultaneous transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and inguinal mesh hernioplasty at our hospital between May 2000 and December 2002. The results were analyzed to determine whether the performance of the two operations simultaneously was a viable option in such a patient category. RESULTS: In 33 patients unilateral hernioplasty, and in 2, Stoppa's mesh repair (for bilateral hernia) was performed along with simultaneous TURP by two independent operating teams. There was no significant increase in operating time or post-operative stay when the two procedures were performed together. There were no major in-hospital complications. On follow up, all the patients have remained well, with no recurrence of hernia. CONCLUSIONS: Combining mesh hernioplasty and TURP is a better option because of low wound infection and hernia recurrence rates. Combining these two also saves the patient of having to undergo another hospital admission and surgery, besides the significant cost savings.     

经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术与普通电切术中失血量比较

目的比较经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术与普通电切术中失血量。方法自2007年10月至2008年3月,收治的30例BPH患者行经尿道等离子双极电切（PKRP）;自2008年4月至7月,收治的30例BPH患者行普通电切（TURP）。分析这60例患者的临床资料。PKRP组年龄（74．2±7．0）岁,前列腺体积（49．3±33．1）ml;TURP组年龄（73．2±7．2）岁,前列腺体积（51．1±23．2）ml。收集术中所有冲洗液,测冲洗液体积,混匀后精确测血红蛋白浓度。结果PKRP组手术时间（111．3±42．5）min,切除前列腺组织重量（20．1±14．3）g,失血量（86．3±79．9）ml,每克前列腺组织平均失血量（3．7±1．9）ml／g;TURP组手术时间（108．0±42．2）min,切除前列腺组织重量（23．6±13．1）g,失血量（201．8±178．7）ml,每克前列腺组织平均失血量（8．3±6．1）ml／g。PKRP组和TURP组手术时间及切除前列腺组织重量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。PKRP组术中失血量少于TURP组（P〈0．01）。PKRP组每克前列腺组织平均失血量少于TURP组（P〈0．01）。结论经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术中失血量少于普通电协。     

经尿道等离子前列腺分离电切术和传统电切术治疗BPH的疗效比较

目的:比较经尿道等离子前列腺分离电切术和等离子刀经尿道传统电切术治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的临床疗效,并对分离电切术进行研究。方法:2005年9月至2010年8月,收集81例BPH患者,随机分为2组。单盲法,行经尿道等离子前列腺分离电切术40例,行等离子刀经尿道传统电切术41例;比较2组年龄、术前超声测量前列腺体积、手术中切除腺体重量、手术时间、术中出血、术后带尿管时间、术前及术后IPSS评分(国际前列腺症状评分)。结果:两组病例仅术后IPSS评分比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),分离电切组与传统电切组IPSS评分分别为(8.70±1.13)分和(9.95±1.54)分。结论:经尿道等离子前列腺分离电切术和等离子刀经尿道传统电切术比较,经尿道等离子前列腺分离电切术临床疗效更为显著。