鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术疗效分析

目的探讨鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术的疗效.方法分析接受鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术并获随访的300例慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉患者的疗效.300例中Ⅰ型一期18例,二期31例,三期13例;Ⅱ型一期28例,二期77例,三期31例;Ⅲ型102例.结果发生手术并发症6例.同时对中鼻甲和(或)鼻中隔偏曲行矫正术108例.结论手术成功是保证治愈的基础,手术前后综合治疗是提高治愈率的关键.     

后鼻孔息肉的临床类型和诊断及鼻内镜手术

目的探讨后鼻孔息肉的临床类型、诊断及鼻内镜手术的方法和效果。方法总结1998年1月至2005年12月收治的34例后鼻孔息肉患者的临床资料，分析其发病方式、来源、临床表现、与鼻窦的关系以及鼻内镜手术技巧和疗效。结果①18例发病源于鼻窦囊肿或息肉，其中上颌窦17例，后筛窦1例；②5例发病分别源于鼻囟门或蝶筛隐窝、蝶窦口黏膜，同侧上颌窦或蝶窦积脓或黏膜水肿；③11例发病分别源于中鼻甲、钩突、嗅沟鼻中隔和筛泡前壁黏膜，邻近的鼻窦正常；④全部病例均行鼻内镜手术切除后鼻孔息肉及相应鼻窦开放，术后无复发。结论①建议诊断后鼻孔息肉应分为窦内型、鼻窦阻塞型和单纯型三种临床类型，遵循以临床类型为依据的手术原则，选择合理的术式和范围；②鼻内镜和鼻一鼻窦CT检查可以在术前明确后鼻孔息肉的诊断和临床类型；③鼻内镜手术治疗后鼻孔息肉准确、微创，彻底切除息肉蒂基部，防止复发。     

慢性鼻窦炎内镜鼻窦手术疗效分析

目的〓〖HTK〗探讨慢性鼻窦炎内镜鼻窦手术的疗效及影响因素。〖HTW〗方法〓〖HTK〗回顾分析2000～2006年手术并随访6个月以上380例的临床资料。其中Ⅰ型65例, Ⅱ型236例, Ⅲ型79例。〖HTW〗结果〓〖HTK〗Ⅰ型治愈率为92.3%, Ⅱ型为84.3%,Ⅲ型为67.1%。其中发生严重并发症2例,轻微并发症27例。〖HTW〗结论〓〖HTK〗治愈率与临床分型、手术部位及术后综合治疗有关。     

保留或重塑钩突的内镜鼻窦手术

目的探索新的内镜鼻窦手术方式，使之更加适应鼻腔、鼻窦生理学特征，更加符合结构重建的内镜鼻窦手术理论。方法30例慢性鼻窦炎患者作为临床观察对象，行经鼻内镜鼻窦手术。每例患者的左侧采用保留或重塑钩突形态的鼻窦开放手术作为实验组，右侧用经典鼻内镜手术作为对照，手术后按照主观症状恢复情况和鼻内镜下局部状态综合评价疗效，重点观察保留或重塑钩突之后，上述结构能否恢复正常形态、是否会影响相关鼻窦的引流、以及病变鼻窦是否可以得到与经典鼻内镜手术相同的近期转归。结果患者术后6个月时开始随访，初步结果表明：①保留或重塑的钩突能够维持原有或正常解剖学形态，不影响相关鼻窦的引流；②开放的鼻窦和窦口全部隐藏于钩突保护之下不能直视；③各鼻窦引流通畅、双侧鼻窦黏膜恢复的时间与状态一致，未发生因保留钩突而影响局部形态学转归的现象。④手术后6～12个月，患者对双侧症状改善没有自我感觉方面的差异。结论①保留或重塑钩突的鼻窦开放术维护或重建了鼻腔原有结构，可对开放的鼻窦具有保护并防止吸入气流的直接冲击的作用；②实验组的术腔形态可获得与对照组相同的近期转归效果；③该手术方式与手术技术尚处于探索阶段，目前只适合钩突结构和形态基本正常或无明显改变的慢性鼻窦炎病例，其手术适应证的确定还需要技术的不断成熟，手术经验的进一步积累以及远期疗效资料的积累来证实。     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉内镜鼻窦手术前后症状与生存质量的评估

目的探讨内镜鼻窦手术治疗对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者症状与生存质量（quality of life，QOL）的有效作用及其转变规律。方法通过视觉模拟量表（visual analog scale，VAS）、医学结局研究简表36项健康调查（medical outcome study short-form 36-items health survey，MOS SF-36，简称SF-36）和鼻腔鼻窦结局测量20条（sino-nasal outcome test-20，SNOT-20）等症状与QOL量表，对120例慢性鼻．鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者术前、术后3个月和术后6个月进行前瞻性随访调查与评估，并与200名健康体检者的QOL状况进行对比。结果经内镜鼻窦手术治疗，患者术后3个月VAS量表的单个症状总分与总体症状、SF-36量表的生理角色与总体健康等部分维度以及SNOT-20量表的20个条目总分与5大条目总分等指标均开始出现明显好转（P〈0．05），术后3～6个月上述指标则无显著提高（P〉0．05），术后6个月症状与QOL状态较术前均全面改善。SF-36量表显示慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者与健康体检者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），但VAS量表提示患者嗅觉减退和异常鼻漏等症状依然存在。SNOT-20量表提示慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者睡眠障碍和异常鼻漏等重要问题仍未解决，与健康体检者相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者内镜鼻窦手术治疗后6个月症状总体上得到解决，生存质量基本恢复常态，但嗅觉减退、异常鼻漏和睡眠障碍等重要问题仍明显存在，有待进一步解决。     

内镜鼻窦手术临床分析

随着内镜鼻窦手术的广泛开展,慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的治疗效果有了迅速的提高。但是,慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者经鼻内镜手术后复发率仍达2.5%～30.0%[1]。究其原因,手术操作的正确及顺利与否对疗效的影响最大。本文对2001～2007年完成随访的256例慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的鼻内镜手术进行了临床分析,旨在总结内镜鼻窦手术的长期疗效,探讨术中不同技术处理方式对疗效的影响,报道如下。     

内镜鼻窦手术临床分析

内镜鼻窦手术(endoscopic sinus surgery,ESS)最基本的要点是在彻底清除不可逆病变的基础上,尽可能保留鼻腔、鼻窦的正常黏膜和结构,通过重建鼻腔鼻窦通气、引流,改善和恢复鼻腔鼻窦黏膜形态及生理功能。总结我科1998～2002年完成随访的302例慢性鼻窦炎及鼻息肉的内镜鼻窦手术,分析如下。     

经鼻内镜鼻窦手术发展

回顾鼻内镜鼻窦手术在我国的发展进程,分析国内当前存在的主要问题和临床研究方向,再次强调了慢性鼻窦炎规范化综合治疗的概念以及内窥镜鼻窦手术的手术原则和正确的手术方式。提出面临的主要任务和研究的总体方向应该是:在稳固现有临床工作的基础之上,以进一步提高疗效为目标,紧密围绕尚未解决的和对疗效构成影响的临床难题,有针对性地进行基础理论研究和临床经验的积累。     

1000例鼻窦内窥镜手术疗效分析

为了评价鼻肉镜鼻窦手术的疗效，对１９９１年１１月－１９９５年１月间实施鼻内镜手术并完成术后随访的１０００例慢性鼻窦炎，鼻息肉患者进行了疗效分析。１０００例有前期手术史７５４例，最多２５次，平均３．７次。术前ＣＴ检查采用冠状位及水平位骨窗扫描。治愈率为８４．０％，其中Ⅰ期治愈５５７例，延期治愈２８３例；延延炎症１６０例。     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎内镜手术疗效影响因素分析

目的 探讨鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis,CRS)的临床疗效和影响因素.方法 收集鼻内镜手术治疗的337例CRS患者的临床资料,包括:性别、年龄、文化程度、病程、住院天数、药物治疗史、吸烟、饮酒、前期手术史、变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)病史、临床分类、视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、鼻内镜检查评分、鼻息肉多发与否、CT检查评分、患病侧别、鼻腔粘连和术后随访依从性,术后6个月根据1997年海口标准进行鼻内镜手术疗效评定,采用SPSS 18.0软件对结果进行x2检验和Logistic回归分析.结果 CRS患者鼻内镜手术后痊愈298例(88.4％),好转29例(8.6％),无效10例(3.0％).CRS不伴鼻息肉组患者的临床疗效优于CRS伴鼻息肉组的患者,差异有统计学意义(x2=10.932,P＜0.01).经多因素Logistic回归分析得出,CRS临床分类、是否伴AR、VAS评分、鼻内镜检查评分、CT检查评分、鼻息肉多发与否、术后是否并发鼻腔粘连和术后随访依从性是影响临床疗效的最主要因素.结论 CRS患者的疗效除手术本身影响因素外,还受到如临床分类、是否伴AR等多种因素影响.     

内镜鼻窦手术256例临床分析

目的:探讨鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的疗效及影响手术疗效的相关因素.方法:对2001-2007年完成随访的256例内镜鼻窦手术进行临床分析.256例中Ⅰ型106例,Ⅱ型134例,Ⅲ型16例.其中246例在局部麻醉辅以静脉强化麻醉下完成手术.术后随访9~42个月,平均15个月.结果:Ⅰ型治愈率为78.3%,Ⅱ型治愈率为66.4%,Ⅲ型治愈率为43.8%,三型之间治愈率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).手术并发症的发生率为4.3%.结论:鼻内镜手术是治疗慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的有效方法,手术疗效与其临床分型密切相关.     

内窥镜鼻窦手术1268例临床分析

目的 探讨鼻内窥镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的疗效及影响手术疗效的相关因素。方法 对１９８９－１９９７年完成随访的１２６８例内窥镜鼻窦手术进行临床分析。１２６８例中１型３６６例（２８．９％）２型为６４６例（５０．９％）３型为２５６例（２０．２％）其中１２６２例在局部麻醉辅以静脉强化麻醉下完成。同期行鼻中隔矫正术１８２例。术后随访９－４２个月,平均１５个月。结果 Ｉ型治愈率为９３．７％,２型治愈率为     

内窥镜鼻窦手术1 268例临床分析

目的　探讨鼻内窥镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的疗效及影响手术疗效的相关因素。方法　对 1 989～ 1 997年完成随访的 1 2 6 8例内窥镜鼻窦手术进行临床分析。 1 2 6 8例中 1型 36 6例 (2 8 9% ) ,2型为 6 46例 (5 0 9% ) ,3型为 2 5 6例 (2 0 2 % )。其中 1 2 6 2例在局部麻醉辅以静脉强化麻醉下完成。同期行鼻中隔矫正术 1 82例。术后随访 9～ 42个月 ,平均 1 5个月。结果　 1型治愈率为93 7% ,2型治愈率为 81 6 % ,3型治愈率为 6 8 4 %。三型之间治愈率差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1 )。手术并发症的发生率为 2 3%。结论　鼻内窥镜手术是治疗慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的有效方法 ,手术疗效与其临床分型密切相关。     

Clinical outcome of pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery based on a clinical symptom score outcome. We conducted a prospective analysis of established measures of clinical outcome based on a survey that was completed preoperatively and again 2 years after pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery. METHODS: Twenty-seven children underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. Twenty-three of the 27 children's surveys were completed both preoperatively and postoperatively by parents of the children. The main outcome measure was scores on parental survey and parental perception of surgical success. RESULTS: Results revealed that all children had an improved symptom score in all categories postoperatively as compared with preoperatively. Statistical analysis using the nonparametric sign test showed that a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in score occurred in 9 of the 15 categories (score lowered from preoperatively to postoperatively) for the children on an individual basis. These categories included a decrease in frequency of a cough (p = 0.013), nasal congestion (p = 0.031), visit to the doctor's office or hospital because of associated problems (p = 0.008), amount of days missing school or child care (p = 0.001), problems with routine activities such as eating and sleeping (p = 0.001), problems with attendance or conduct at school (p = 0.004), and a decrease in the child's sinus problems affecting the parent's performance at their job or at home (p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that parental perception of their child's clinical outcome after pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery appears favorable.     

120例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻镜术后随访及生活质量研究

目的 探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻内镜术后定期随访的临床意义及鼻内镜手术治疗对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的症状改善情况及生活质量影响.方法 将接受鼻内镜手术治疗的120例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者分为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎不伴鼻息肉组和慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴有鼻息肉组,每组均60例.对两组患者术后进行定期随访1年,分析术后随访疗效.其次评估所有患者术前、术后1、3、6和12个月生活质量状况及主要症状改善情况,比较主要症状和生活质量的变化.结果 不伴鼻息肉组:术后6个月痊愈36例、好转20例、无效4例;12个月痊愈50例、好转7例、无效3例.伴鼻息肉组:术后6个月痊愈30例、好转27例、无效3例;12个月痊愈37例、好转20例、无效3例.两组病情转归差异有统计学意义.120例经鼻内镜手术治疗的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者术后第1、3、6、12个月主要症状评分呈下降趋势,与术前相比均明显下降(P＜0.01);与术前比较,20个条目和5大条目评分均明显下降(P均＜0.01).结论 鼻内镜术后进行定期随访换药及综合治疗是必不可少的重要环节,术后进行定期规律的随访换药及综合治疗可以显著提高手术疗效,鼻内镜手术可以使慢性鼻窦炎患者的症状和生活质量得到明显改善.     

Long-term outcome analysis of endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine long-term subjective outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic sinusitis (CS) and to evaluate prognostic indicators for surgical treatment failure. METHODS: This is a prospective study of patients who underwent ESS for CS. Symptom assessment was performed using a visual analog scale at a pretreatment interview and then at regular intervals post-ESS for up to a 3-year period. The indicators for symptom scoring were nasal obstruction, facial pain, postnasal drip, anterior discharge, and anosmia/hyposmia. RESULTS: Data analysis indicates that ESS improves symptom scoring early on, but the effects begin to dissipate over time. Anosmia/hyposmia is the most severe symptom overall for all patient subgroups and recurs to a greater degree 3 years postoperatively in Samter's Triad sufferers (p = 0.006), asthmatic patients (p = 0.002), and those with a worse CT scan at presentation (p = 0.04). In addition, Triad sufferers who complain of nasal obstruction and anterior nasal discharge have a significant recurrence of their symptoms postoperatively (p = 0.04 and 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: Individuals must be warned that ESS may not be a long-term solution for CS because of its chronic nature. Patients are relieved of their symptoms initially; however, these tend to recur over a 3-year period. Samter's Triad is the strongest determinant of long-term treatment failure. Asthma also is a determinant of treatment failure, which lends credence to the notion of combined airway disease. Allergy was not a strong determinant of treatment failure in our study.     

鼻内镜下鼻窦手术1135例疗效的回顾性分析

目的探讨鼻内镜下鼻窦手术治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的远期疗效以及可能影响疗效的相关因素。方法回顾性分析1135例(2107侧)慢性鼻-鼻窦炎和(或)鼻息肉患者鼻内镜下行手术治疗的临床资料。结果所有患者术后随访1～3年,平均1.2年。治愈8 6 2例(7 5.9%),好转2 1 4例(18.9%),无效59例(5.2%),总有效率94.8%。术后并发鼻腔粘连126例(11.1%)。结论鼻内镜下手术治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎,术中采用控制性低血压,减少出血,提供清晰术野,正确处理病变的中鼻甲,术后规范性随访,能有效的提高慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的治愈率,减少远期并发症。     

Objective outcome after functional endoscopic sinus surgery: prediction factors

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: After failure of medical treatment, chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis require surgical management. However, little is known about the predictive factors for objective outcome after sinus surgery. The aims of the study were to correlate preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative clinical factors to healing outcome and to establish their respective predictive values. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: Eighteen patients who had surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis and 18 who had surgery for nasal polyposis at the Ghent University Hospital (Ghent, Belgium) were followed for a 6-month period. In all, 76 operated sides were independently considered. The healing quality was evaluated by endoscopy weekly and then monthly for a period of 6 months. A logistic regression analysis with healing quality at month 6 as outcome was performed on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors. RESULTS: Previous sinus surgery (P =.0006) and initial disease (P =.0430) were found to be highly predictive for the healing outcome at month 6, patients with nasal polyposis or previous surgery showing significantly worse objective outcome (P =.0034 and P <.0001, respectively). The preoperative computed tomography scan had no predictive value with respect to the extent of surgery (P =.0281). Postoperative parameters had less predictive value. CONCLUSION: Initial disease and its severity as reflected by the extent of surgery and surgical antecedents were the best predictors for the objective outcome at 6 months after sinus surgery. Whereas the first postoperative phase showed similar characteristics for all patients, the healing course differed between patients from month 1 to the end point.