女性生殖道同期发生的黏液上皮化生和肿瘤1例并文献复习

目的探讨不同宫颈鳞状上皮内病变患者的p16及Ki-67蛋白的表达及其意义。方法收集宫颈活检和宫颈锥切术资料完整的宫颈鳞状上皮内病变(SIL)患者92例作为研究组,其中26例宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)1,23例CIN2,43例CIN3,选择同期宫颈炎症25例作为对照组。采用免疫组织化学法检测宫颈组织中p16蛋白及Ki-67蛋白的表达情况并分析。结果 (1)在不同CIN组织中,p16和Ki-67蛋白阳性表达率明显不同(P 0.001),p16阳性表达率随着CIN严重程度的增加而升高(P 0.05);(2)在不同CIN组织中,p16和Ki-67蛋白共同阳性率明显不同(P 0.001)。p16和Ki-67蛋白阳性表达率随着CIN严重程度的增加而升高(P 0.05)。结论 p16和Ki-67蛋白可以区别不同程度CIN,加强两者的检测可辅助CIN2/3的诊断及预后的判断。     

LEEP对阴道镜检查不充分患者的诊断价值

目的:探讨宫颈环形电切术(LEEP)对阴道镜评估不充分患者的诊断价值。方法:回顾分析110例阴道镜评估不充分(TZ3型)患者行阴道镜下宫颈多点活检联合宫颈管搔刮术(ECC)及宫颈环形电切术(LEEP)的病理及p16、Ki-67蛋白表达情况。结果:阴道镜下宫颈活检联合宫颈管搔刮漏诊CINI患者4例,漏诊率为7.14%(4/56),漏诊CINⅡ～Ⅲ患者8例,漏诊率为40.00%(8/20)。漏诊的8例高级别病变患者中宫颈细胞学检查阴性2例,ASC-US 4例,LSIL 2例,其中1例LSIL患者高危型HPV定量检测阴性。活检组织p16、Ki-67蛋白在高级别病变中均表达阳性,阳性率为100%,在非CIN及低级别病变患者中阳性率分别为25.56%、43.33%,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。活检病理组织中p16、Ki-67蛋白区分低级别与高级别病变的敏感性分别为46.51%、33.90%,而特异性均为100%。结论:阴道镜检查不充分(TZ3型)患者即使细胞学未提示存在或可疑高度上皮内病变,行宫颈活检联合宫颈管搔刮术仍存在漏诊高级别病变的风险,宫颈LEEP术可起到一定的弥补作用,而活检组织p16、Ki-67蛋白表达阴性者发生高级别病变的风险较小。     

p16INK4A、p53、Ki-67及ER在宫颈病变组织中的表达及其相关性研究

目的 探讨p16INK4A、p53、Ki-67及雌激素受体(ER)在不同程度宫颈病变中表达及相关性.方法 采用SP法检测宫颈鳞状细胞癌、宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)、尖锐湿疣及正常宫颈组织中p16INK4A、p53、Ki-67及ER蛋白的表达.结果 p16INK4A、p53、Ki-67及ER在宫颈鳞癌组中的阳性率分别为100%、86.4%、86.4%及4.6%;在CIN Ⅲ中为92.5%、75.0%、100%、20.0%;在CIN Ⅱ中为90.5%、64.3%、100%及23.9%;在CINⅠ中为71.8%、43.6%、100%、79.5%;在尖锐湿疣组中为39.0%、43.9%、26.9%、61.0%.p16INK4A在宫颈鳞癌、CIN Ⅲ、Ⅱ组中,以强阳性表达为主;尖锐湿疣组仅为弱阳性表达.Ki-67在宫颈鳞癌、CINⅢ组中,以强阳性表达为主.宫颈鳞癌、CINⅢ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ、尖锐湿疣中p16INK4A、p53、Ki-67、ER阳性表达率与对照组比较差异有高度显著性(P＜0.05).结论 p161NK4A、p53蛋白高表达与宫颈鳞癌、CIN的发生发展密切相关;p16INK4A、p53、Ki-67阳性率与宫颈病变严重程度呈正相关,ER的阳性率与其呈负相关.     

分析p16、p53及Ki-67在宫颈癌患者中的表达及联合检测的诊断价值

目的 探讨p16、p53及Ki-67在宫颈癌患者中的表达意义及三项指标联合检测的诊断效能。方法 选取2019年6月至2022年10月在桂林医学院附属医院就医并确诊为宫颈癌的140例患者纳入宫颈癌组,另选取60例经本院确诊的高级别鳞状上皮病变患者纳入宫颈上皮内病变组,均为CIN2。收集本研究纳入患者的病理组织标本并检测p16、p53及Ki-67阳性表达情况,明确p16、p53及Ki-67与宫颈癌患者病理特征的关系,分析p16、p53及Ki-67三项指标联合检测对宫颈癌的诊断价值。结果 宫颈癌组病理组织标本中p16、p53及Ki-67阳性表达率均明显高于宫颈上皮内病变组（均P <0.05）;宫颈癌组中不同年龄患者的p16、p53及Ki-67阳性表达对比差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,不同FIGO分期及淋巴结转移患者p16、p53及Ki-67阳性表达明显升高（均P <0.05）;p16、p53、Ki-67三项联合的诊断效能包括灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值均明显高于单一指标的检测效能。结论 宫颈癌组织中p16、p53、Ki-67蛋白的阳性表达与宫颈癌患者病情的发...     

年轻妇女宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组织中p16~(InK4a)和Ki67的表达及意义

目的:探讨年轻妇女宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组织中细胞周期抑制因子p16InK4a蛋白及细胞增殖活性相关抗体Ki67的表达及与病变级别的相关性。方法:选取2010年在北京大学第一医院妇产科门诊就诊、年龄小于35岁,经阴道镜活检病理诊断为CINⅠ及CINⅡ级的病例56例,对其阴道活检组织及宫颈环形电切除术(LEEP)后组织之石蜡切片,进行p16InK4a及Ki67免疫组织化学染色检测其表达。结果:①阴道镜宫颈活检组织的CINⅠ及CINⅡ中p16InK4a阳性表达率分别为30.0%、80.6%,Ki67阳性表达率分别为20.0%,77.8%,CINⅡ级病变组织中p16InK4a及Ki67阳性表达率高于CINⅠ级,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。②阴道镜宫颈活检组织标本及LEEP组织标本不同级别CIN病变组织中,p16InK4a及Ki67的阳性表达率存在差异(均P0.001);p16InK4a及Ki67的阳性表达率与病变级别呈正相关(r=0.644,r=0.645)。结论:p16InK4a及Ki67在年轻妇女CINⅠ~Ⅱ级组织中均有表达,且p16InK4a及Ki67阳性表达与CIN级别相关,可在CIN病理分级中提供参考。     

p16和Ki-67免疫细胞化学染色在宫颈ASCUS中的应用价值

目的:探讨液基薄层细胞学检测(TCT)剩余细胞学标本进行p16和Ki-67的免疫细胞化学染色,作为宫颈细胞学检查未明确诊断意义的不典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS)中的分流管理的应用价值.方法:对2008年11月至2009年7月在佛山市妇幼保健院就诊的98例细胞学检查结果为ASCUS的患者进行p16、Ki-67免疫细胞化学染色检测,并与阴道镜下病理活检结果比较.结果:p16、Ki-67表达阳性率随着宫颈病变程度的加重而升高,与病变级别呈正相关.p16在高级别鳞状上皮病变(HSIL)组和低级别鳞状上皮病变(LSIL)组中的阳性表达率与炎症组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Ki-157在HSIL组中的阳性表达率与LSIL组和炎症组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).p16和Ki-67的免疫细胞化学染色检出HSIL及鳞状细胞癌(SCC)的敏感度为83.3%(20/24)和91.7%(22/24);特异度为80.4%(74/92)和86.0%(74/86).结论:利用TCT剩余细胞学标本进行p16和Ki-67的免疫细胞化学染色,是一种有效、简便的ASCUS分流管理的生物学标记物,可提高HSIL的检出率,使高危患者得到及时有效的治疗.     

高迁移率蛋白A2在不同宫颈病变中的表达及意义

目的探讨高迁移率蛋白A2(HMGA2)在不同宫颈病变组织中的表达及其临床意义,了解其与宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的关系。方法免疫组织化学法检测无锡市第三人民医院2005至2007年30例正常宫颈组织、19例低级别上皮内瘤样病变宫颈组织、16例高级别上皮内瘤样病变宫颈组织、13例宫颈鳞癌组织中HMGA2蛋白的表达,原位杂交检测各组织中HPV感染的情况,分析HMGA2蛋白表达与HPV感染在宫颈病变组织中的相关性。结果正常宫颈组织、CINⅠ级、CINⅡ~Ⅲ级和宫颈浸润性鳞癌组织中,HMGA2蛋白的阳性表达率分别为26.67%、21.05%、68.75%和76.92%。CINI与正常宫颈组织阳性表达率比较,差异无统计学意义;CINⅡ~Ⅲ级、宫颈浸润性鳞癌组织与正常宫颈组织阳性表达率比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.011,P=0.006)。宫颈高级别上皮内瘤样病变和宫颈癌组织具有较高的HPV感染率,HPV感染与否和HMGA2的表达两者之间未发现统计学相关性。结论HMGA2高表达于高级别宫颈上皮内瘤样病变组织和宫颈癌组织,这可能是宫颈病变的一个早期事件。HMGA2的表达与宫颈HPV感染两者没有相关性,HMGA2可能是...     

宫颈病变中人乳头瘤病毒来源E7蛋白表达及意义研究

目的探讨宫颈病变中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)来源的E7蛋白表达及其与临床诊断病理级别的相关性。方法选取北京大学第一医院2015—2018年收治的宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)及宫颈鳞癌患者133例,另选取同期宫颈组织病理结果正常的34例患者为阴性对照。采用免疫组化染色技术检测E7蛋白的细胞表达情况,并与宫颈癌高危型HPV感染替代性标志物p16蛋白做比较。结果 E7蛋白在低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)即CINⅠ中阳性率为63.64%(14/22),而在高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)即CINⅡ、Ⅲ病例中阳性率为91.84%(45/49)和98.18%(54/55),宫颈癌中阳性率为100%(7/7)。p16蛋白阳性率在CINⅠ中为59.09%(13/22),CINⅡ、Ⅲ中分别为93.88%(46/49)和96.36%(53/55)。两者检测结果高度相关(P0.05)。随着宫颈病变程度的增加,E7和p16蛋白的阳性率均显著升高。但E7蛋白表达为片灶状阳性,与p16蛋白的弥漫阳性不同;同时HPV E7蛋白表达水平随CIN级别提升也显著增强。在HSIL及宫颈鳞癌中,E7蛋白阳性强度明显高于LSIL。随着患者年龄增长,E7蛋白的阳性率也呈升高趋势,并且其染色强度也增强。结论 E7癌蛋白的阳性率及其表达强度与宫颈病变程度密切相关,并与年龄有关;E7蛋白有望作为宫颈病变CIN诊断与分级的重要参考指标。     

p16、C-myc和PIK3CA在宫颈病变组织中的表达研究

目的检测不同宫颈病变组织中p16、C-myc和PIK3CA蛋白的表达及与HPV16/18阳性宫颈高级别上皮内病变的相关性。方法选择慢性宫颈炎40例,宫颈低级别病变(LSIL)43例,宫颈高级别病变(HSIL)65例,浸润性宫颈鳞状细胞癌48例,采用免疫组化法检测各级宫颈病变组织中p16、C-myc和PIK3CA蛋白的表达。结果随宫颈病变级别的升高,p16、C-myc、PIK3CA阳性表达率均呈升高趋势,并且与HPV16/18阳性的HSIL具有相关性(P 0.05)。三项指标联合检测宫颈癌的效能明显提高,ROC曲线下面积为0.892,灵敏度和特异度分别为90.3%、86.8%。结论 p16、C-myc、PIK3CA联合检测可提高宫颈癌的诊断准确率。     

SEPT9与PAX1甲基化在子宫颈HPV16或（和）HPV18阳性女性中的分流作用

目的 探讨SEPT9与PAX1甲基化在子宫颈人乳头瘤病毒（human papilloma virus, HPV）16或（和HPV18阳性女性中的分流作用。方法 选取2020年10月至2021年3月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院宫颈病变门诊HPV16或（和）HPV18阳性者455例,根据病理结果将其分为：正常/子宫颈炎组208例,子宫颈低级别鳞状上皮内病变（low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, LSIL）/子宫颈上皮内瘤变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN）1级组155例,子宫颈高级别鳞状上皮内病变组（high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, HSIL）81例（CIN2:35例,CIN3:46例）及宫颈癌组11例。采用双探针荧光定量PCR技术检测各组宫颈脱落细胞中SEPT9与PAX1甲基化情况。结果 正常/子宫颈炎组、LSIL组、HSIL组、子宫颈癌组SEPT9甲基化检出率分别为14.42%(30/208)、19.35%(30/155)、69.1...     

The role of p53, Bcl-2 and Ki-67 in premalignant cervical lesions and cervical cancer

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the role of p53, Bcl-2 and Ki-67 expression in the carcinogenesis of cervical carcinoma and aggressiveness of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). METHODS: The pathology specimens of 63 patients with a diagnosis of normal squamous epithelium (22 cases), CIN I (14), CIN II (5), CIN III (8) and squamous cell carcinoma (14) were evaluated immunohistochemically for the expression of p53, Bcl-2 and Ki-67 in paraffin sections. RESULTS: The expression of p53 and Ki-67 increased proportionally to the grade of CIN and cervical cancer, but only the increase of p53 expression was statistically significant (p = 0.002). There was no significant correlation between Bcl-2 expression and premalignant and malignant cervical lesions. CONCLUSION: p53 expression may have a role in the carcinogenesis of squamous cell cervical carcinoma whereas Bcl-2 expression has no role. Ki-67 expression can not be used in determining the aggressiveness of CIN lesions.     

The expression of p16 (INK4a) and Ki-67 in relation to high-risk human papilloma viral load and residual disease after conization with positive margins

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) load and p16 (INK4a) or Ki-67, and to identify biomarkers that may predict residual disease after conization with positive margins. The following samples were analyzed: 49 paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), including 12 CIN 2 conization specimens and 37 CIN 3 conization specimens. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with antibodies to p16 (INK4a) and Ki-67. Hybrid Capture II testing was used to detect high-risk HPV DNA. The mean HPV loads within each of the p16 (INK4a)-staining cases were 9.5 (relative light units/positive control) RLU/PC for negative staining, 531.8 RLU/PC for 1+ staining, 140.2 RLU/PC for 2+ staining, and 545.1 RLU/PC for 3+ staining. HPV loads differed significantly according to p16 (INK4a) expression (P = 0.0021). The mean HPV loads within Ki-67 staining cases were 28.2 RLU/PC for 1+ staining, 189.6 RLU/PC for 2+ staining, and 563.3 RLU/PC for 3+ staining. HPV loads differed significantly according to Ki-67 expression (P = 0.0259). The expression of p16 (INK4a) (P = 0.0012) and Ki-67 (P = 0.0006) were significantly associated with the CIN grade. In univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis, age, parity, cytology, lesion grade in the cone, high-risk HPV load, and the expression of p16 (INK4a) and Ki-67 were not significantly associated with residual lesions after conization with positive margins (P > 0.05). In conclusion, high-risk HPV load showed significant differences according to the expression of p16 (INK4a) and Ki-67, while none of the prognostic factors were significantly associated with residual disease after conization with positive margins.     

Ki-67、PCNA及HPV在宫颈癌和宫颈上皮内瘤变的表达及意义

目的:研究Ki-67,增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)在早期宫颈癌(IA~IIA期高分化)、宫颈上皮内瘤变(CINI、CINII、CINIII)及慢性宫颈炎中的表达,及其与HPV感染的关系,探究3者联合应用的诊断价值。方法:应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测宫颈病变中Ki-67、PCNA抗原的表达,PCR反应检测HPV感染,结合临床病理特点分析。结果:慢性宫颈炎、CIN、宫颈鳞癌中Ki-67阳性表达率分别为33.33%、89.19%、100%。PCNA阳性表达率分别为66.67%、97.30%、100%。HPV阳性率分别是13.33%、54.05%、1000%。CINI和CINII/III中Ki-67阳性表达率分别为85.00%、94.12%;PCNA阳性表达率分别为95.00%、100.00%。HPV阳性率分别是30%、82.35%。CIN和宫颈癌中的Ki7、PCNA及HPV的阳性表达与宫颈炎相比,差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。Ki-67及PCNA过表达率在CINII/III组与CINI组间差异显著(P<0.05)。HPV阳性率在CINII/III与CINI之间差异显著(P<0.01)。Ki-67及PCNA表达与HPV感染有相关性(P<0.05)。结论:Ki-67、PCNA抗原过表达与CINII/III和早期宫颈癌显著相关。Ki-67、PCNA表达与HPV感染率相关,联合检测宫颈组织中Ki-67、PCNA的过表达及HPV感染,有助于判断细胞的增殖活性,可作为诊断早期宫颈癌和CINII/III的标记物。     

p16/Ki-67双染在宫颈癌及癌前病变初筛中的应用价值研究

目的:评价采用p16/Ki-67双染检测技术作为宫颈癌及癌前病变初筛方法的效果及应用价值。方法:对重庆市万州区982例年龄35~64岁有性生活的妇女进行宫颈癌筛查。每位妇女均接受了人乳头瘤病毒DNA(HPV DNA)检测、Thin Prep液基细胞学检查、p16/Ki-67双染检测,对结果异常者进行阴道镜检查,阴道镜下在可见病变处直接取活检,无可见病变时,行宫颈管搔刮术(ECC)。比较3种方法分别作为初筛手段识别宫颈癌前病变(高级别鳞状上皮内病变)及浸润癌的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值等指标,以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)综合分析3种方法作为宫颈癌初筛手段的应用价值。结果:最终966例妇女进入研究,共检出高级别鳞状上皮内病变及浸润癌患者42例。HPV DNA检测、液基细胞学检查和p16/Ki-67检测对宫颈癌及癌前病变患者的灵敏度分别为97.6%、88.1%、92.9%;特异度分别为84.1%、78.8%、82.8%;阳性预测值分别为21.8%、15.9%、19.7%;阴性预测值分别为99.9%、99.3%、99.6%。p16/Ki-67检测的AUC分别与HPV DNA检测、液基细胞学检查相比,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:p16/Ki-67双染检测初筛宫颈癌及癌前病变的效果与HPV DNA检测及液基细胞学检查相似,因其具有简便、客观、高效、易于重复的特点,p16/Ki-67双染检测为宫颈癌及癌前病变的有效初筛提供了一种新选择。     

AQP1和AQP3在子宫颈鳞状细胞癌中表达的研究

目的:探讨AQP1和AQP3在子宫颈癌中的表达及意义。方法:通过荧光定量PCR和免疫荧光检测AQP1和AQP3在人子宫颈癌SiHa细胞系中的表达,通过免疫组化检测AQP1和AQP3在35例维吾尔族子宫颈癌、15例CINⅢ和15例慢性宫颈炎中的表达。结果:(1)SiHa细胞中AQP1和AQP3在mRNA和蛋白水平均表达;(2)AQP1表达于宫颈病变组织间质血管内皮细胞的胞质,采用微血管密度(MVD)表示AQP1表达强度。慢性宫颈炎、CINⅢ和子宫颈癌组的MVD分别是43.6±17.8、56.2±11.6、70.8±21.1,宫颈癌组MVD显著高于CINⅢ组及慢性宫颈炎组(P均<0.05),CINⅢ和慢性宫颈炎组间差异无统计学意义;AQP3在慢性宫颈炎、CINⅢ和子宫颈癌组的阳性率分别是13.33%、26.67%、48.57%,子宫颈癌组与慢性宫颈炎组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.018),子宫颈癌组与CINⅢ、CINⅢ与慢性宫颈炎组间差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论:AQP1和AQP3的表达可能与子宫颈癌的发生、发展有关。     

Triaging Pap cytology negative, HPV positive cervical cancer screening results with p16/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology

Objective

Testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) has been shown to increase the sensitivity and negative predictive value for detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+), either when used in conjunction with Pap cytology testing or alone. However, there is no satisfying clinical management algorithm for women testing Pap negative/HPV positive. We therefore evaluated the clinical utility of a novel dual biomarker-based approach (p16/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology) for the identification of CIN2+ in women with Pap negative/HPV positive screening results, without the need to refer all women to immediate colposcopy.

Methods

All women aged ≥ 30 enrolled during 2007/2008 into a regional prospective Pap/HPV co-testing screening pilot project and tested Pap negative, but positive for HPV (n = 425) were included in the analysis. p16/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology was performed from residual cellular material available from the liquid-based cytology vial collected during the initial Pap/HPV co-testing screening visit. Results were correlated to the presence of CIN2+ confirmed during preliminary follow-up.

Results

p16/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology tested positive at baseline in 108 out of 425 (25.4%) Pap negative/HPV positive cases. Sensitivity of Dual-stain testing for the detection of biopsy-confirmed CIN2+ during preliminary follow-up within the group of Pap negative/HPV positive women was 91.9% for CIN2+ (34/37 cases), and 96.4% for CIN3+ (27/28 cases). Specificity was 82.1% for CIN2+ on biopsy, and 76.9% for CIN3+, respectively.

Conclusions

Triaging Pap negative/HPV positive screening test results with p16/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology may identify women with a high probability of underlying CIN2+ and may efficiently complement HPV-based screening programs to prevent cervical cancer.     

Dynamin 2 expression as a biomarker in grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Objective

Dynamin 2, which plays a role in endocytosis, is known to be required for HPV infection on host cells. We investigated dynamin 2 as a biomarker in grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) by comparing with Ki-67 expression and the type of HPV infection (low-risk vs. high-risk).

Study design

We performed immunohistochemical stains of dynamin 2 and Ki-67 on tumor samples of patients with CIN and the type of HPV infection was investigated.

Results

All the patients with reactive changes (n = 7) or normal (n = 4) did not show dynamin 2 expression. There were 33, 14, and 12 cases with CIN I, II, and III, respectively, and there was a negative correlation between the degree of dynamin 2 expression and the severity of CIN lesions with statistical significance (P < 0.001). Negative expression of dynamin 2 was more sensitive for the detection of CIN II/III than high expression (2+) of Ki-67 (96.2% vs. 73.1%, P = 0.041). Among patients in whom HPV infection was detected, the degrees of dynamin 2 expression were not associated with the type of HPV infection (low-risk vs. high-risk). Overall, there was a negative correlation between the expression patterns of Ki-67 and dynamin 2.

Conclusion

We found that dynamin 2 may be a helpful biomarker in grading of CIN lesions and a candidate biomarker for detecting low grade CIN with high sensitivity.     

Glycodelin expression in pregnant patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a case–control study

We aimed to evaluate glycodelin immunostaining in pregnant women with a first diagnosis of cervical intraephitelial neoplasia (CIN) and to correlate the expression of CIN with Ki-67 and glycodelin immunostaining. A retrospective case–control study was performed including 20 patients with natural pregnancy and with first time onset of CIN occurring not later than 16 gestational weeks. The control group included 20 non-pregnant patients matched for age, parity, smoking status and number of previous sexual partners. Exclusion criteria included previous cervical treatment, immunocompromised status and chronic hepatitis B and/or C. Staining for Glycodelin and for Ki-67 was expressed using a classification based on the distribution of positivity on a semi-quantitative three-point scale. An inverse relationship was observed between glycodelin immunostaining and CIN grade in pregnant patients (p?=?0.01), with a significantly higher expression in CIN1 than in CIN2 and CIN3, but not in non-pregnant patients (p?=?0.81). Positivity for Ki-67 was less intense in pregnant than in non-pregnant patients. A significant inverse relationship was observed between glycodelin immunostaining and Ki-67 expression (p?=?0.02). We suggest that the higher expression of glycodelin in pregnancy is related to a lower proliferative activity in CIN, which is probably associated to hormonal status of pregnancy. Further clinical studies are needed to support these findings.     

p21~(WAF1/Cip1)和p27~(Kip1)在宫颈癌及癌前病变的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨细胞周期负向调控因子p21WAF1/Cip1和p27Kip1在宫颈癌及癌前病变(CIN)中的表达特点。方法:选择妇科门诊宫颈疾病专科就诊患者163例,用第二代杂交捕获试验(HCⅡ)检测高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)DNA负荷量,阴道镜下宫颈活检,病理确诊,并用活检组织行p21WAF1/Cip1和p27Kip1免疫组化检测,比较慢性宫颈炎、CINⅠ-Ⅲ及宫颈癌各组间HR-HPV负荷量和p21WAF1/Cip1、p27Kip1表达差异。结果:各病理类型病变(共5组)的HR-HPV阳性率分别为:慢性宫颈炎38.46%(15/39),CINⅠ80%(12/15),CINⅡ81.82%(18/22),CINⅢ93.33%(56/60),宫颈鳞癌88.89%(24/27)。慢性宫颈炎HR-HPV DNA负荷量明显低于其他4组(M=0.56pg/ml,P<0.01),CINⅠ~Ⅲ及宫颈癌4组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。p21WAF1/Cip1和p27Kip1阳性表达率在CINⅠ~Ⅲ及宫颈癌4组间无显著差异(CINⅠ40.00%、60.00%,CINⅡ54.55%、54.55%,CINⅢ56.67%、70.00%,宫颈癌51.85%、77.78%,P>0.05),但均显著高于慢性宫颈炎组(5.13%、17.95%,P<0.01);p21WAF1/Cip1和p27Kip1表达增强与HR-HPV DNA负荷量升高和宫颈病变进展呈正相关,相关系数(rs)分别为:p21WAF1/Cip1:0.27、0.34,P<0.01;p27Kip1:0.30、0.46,P<0.01。结论:p21WAF1/Cip1和p27Kip1表达增强与宫颈病变进展密切相关,对宫颈HR-HPV持续感染及高负荷量患者可行p21WAF1/Cip1和p27Kip1检测以预测细胞病变的发生和发展。     

阴道镜检查对HR-HPV阳性、细胞学阴性女性宫颈上皮内瘤变及宫颈癌筛查的意义

目的:探讨阴道镜检查对HR-HPV阳性、细胞学阴性女性宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)及宫颈癌筛查的意义。方法:对就诊于青岛大学附属医院的575例HR-HPV阳性、细胞学阴性妇女行阴道镜检查及宫颈活检术,分析年龄、转化区、病毒负荷量与宫颈活检病理的关系。结果:575例HR-HPV阳性、细胞学阴性的妇女中,宫颈高级别病变(CINⅡ+)的检出率为7.48%(43/575)。患者年龄为30~39岁、40~49岁、≥50岁的宫颈高级别病变患病风险分别是30岁的1.44(0.45~4.35)、0.97(0.30~3.11)、1.78(0.48~6.68)倍。不同宫颈转化区TZ1、TZ2、TZ3的CINⅡ+检出率分别为7.86%(32/407)、7.79%(6/77)和5.49%(5/91)。随着宫颈病变程度加重,病毒负荷量的中位数逐渐增加,宫颈高级别病变较低级别病变及慢性炎症的病毒负荷量较高,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:HR-HPV阳性、细胞学阴性女性存在一定的患宫颈高级别病变的风险,阴道镜下宫颈活检术可减少宫颈高级别病变的漏诊。病毒负荷量较高者宫颈高级别病变的患病风险较大,但患病风险与年龄无明显关系。