粉尘螨变应原的分析

目的 对粉尘螨(Dermatophagoides farinae)变应原进行分离和鉴定其特异性变应原组分. 方法 采用ELISA检测粉尘螨变应原的生物活性.按常规方法制备粉尘螨浸出液,经SDS-PAGE分离,测定各组分的相对分子质量(M,);同时用对螨过敏的60例病人混合血清(建立血清库)作探针进行Westem blot,鉴定其特异性变应原组分. 结果 SDS-PAGE显示粉尘螨有15条蛋白带,Mr在14×103-109×103之间,其中主带有9条,M,分别为109×103、100×103、86×103、62×103、56×103、36×103、28 x103、19×103、14×103;Western blot结果表明,浸出液中共有5条致敏条带,其M,分别为109×103、100×103、36×103、28 x 103、14×103;经ELISA检测粉尘螨浸出液具有生物活性. 结论 粉尘螨的特异性变应原有5条,分别为109×103、100×103、36×103、28×103、14×103,其浸出液有稳定的生物活性.该研究为开发适合我国人群的粉尘螨标准化试剂提供了试验依据.     

王棕花粉变应原的分析与鉴定

目的对我国南方常见的棕榈科植物王棕花粉（Roystonea regia pollen）变应原蛋白进行分离、分析与鉴定,为标准化变应原疫苗的研制提供基础。方法取常规方法制备的王棕花粉浸出液,采用SDS．PAGE分离王棕花粉蛋白质组分,测定其相对分子量,同时用10例对王棕花粉过敏的患者血清作Western-blot鉴定其变应原及主要变应原成分。结果SDS．PAGE显示王棕花粉有10条可辨蛋白带,其中主要条带有8条,分别为100000、66000、38000、36000、29000、30000、24000、16000和14000Mr,Western—blot结果表明,10例王棕花粉过敏患者血清全部呈阳性反应,有66000、24000、16000和14000Mr共4条致敏条带,其中分子量在16000和14000Mr的蛋白为主要变应原。结论王棕花粉变应原的分析与鉴定为临床王棕花粉变态反应疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

重阳木花粉过敏原的分离、纯化和鉴定

目的对重阳木花粉变应原蛋白进行分离、纯化和鉴定。方法采用Coca s液提取重阳木花粉的粗提液,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分离粗提液蛋白质组分,并测定其分子质量;收集过敏患者血清,用Western blot法鉴定其变应原成分;通过离子交换层析对重阳木花粉变应原进行初步纯化和免疫印迹鉴定。结果分离得到重阳木花粉18条蛋白带,其中分子质量为12和14 ku的是重阳木花粉的特异性变应原,通过离子交换柱层析方法纯化得到其相应的纯化蛋白。结论对重阳木花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、纯化和鉴定,为临床重阳木花粉过敏疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

重阳木花粉过敏原的分析、鉴定与纯化

 【摘要】 目的　对重阳木花粉变应原蛋白进行分析、鉴定与纯化。方法　提取这重阳木花粉的粗提液,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS - PAGE)分离粗提液蛋白质组分并测定其分子量,收集过敏病人血清,采用免疫印迹(Western - blotting)法鉴定其变应原成分,通过离子交换层析对重阳木花粉变应原进行初步纯化和免疫印迹鉴定。结果　重阳木花粉有18条主要蛋白带,12 000Mr和14 000Mr为重阳木花粉特异性变应原;通过离子交换层析方法纯化出重阳木花粉分子量为12 000Mr和14 000Mr的变应原主要分布在II峰中。结论　对重阳木花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、鉴定和纯化,为临床重阳木花粉过敏疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

BSA-ELISA初步检测短穗鱼尾葵花粉特异性IgE

目的对短穗鱼尾葵花粉粗浸液的主要变应原进行分析、鉴定。方法通过SDS-PAGE分析短穗鱼尾葵花粉蛋白质组份,采用Western blotting鉴定主要变应原,以短穗鱼尾葵花粉粗浸液包板,摸索出其包被浓度、血清稀释度和酶结合物浓度,采用BSA-ELISA法对短穗鱼尾葵花粉过敏患者血清进行初步检测,并与皮肤挑刺试验比较。结果短穗鱼尾葵花粉粗浸液SDS-PAGE显示有30余条蛋白条带,其中主要蛋白条带有10条,Western blotting显示5例短穗鱼尾葵花粉过敏患者的混合血清能与其中3条蛋白条带起反应,分子量分别是26000、14000和12000Mr。BSA-ELISA检测短穗鱼尾葵花粉特异性IgE,最适粗浸液稀释度为1：100,血清稀释倍数为1：5,生物素化抗体为1：1000,辣根过氧化物酶标记的链霉亲和素（strepavidin-HRP）为1：1000。在此条件下BSA-ELISA与浸液皮试比较,检出结果与皮试阳性患者血清符合率为90%,与皮试阴性患者符合率为80%,与健康人对照检测符合率为100%。结论本实验对短穗鱼尾葵花粉主要变应原进行了分离和鉴定,BSA-ELISA法测定结果与皮肤挑刺试验初步比较符合率较好。     

椰子花粉过敏原的分离、鉴定与纯化

目的 对椰子花粉的变应原组分进行初步的分离、鉴定及纯化.方法 提取椰子花粉粗提液,用十二烷基硫酸钠.聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sDS-PAGE)分离椰子花粉的蛋白质组分并测定其相对分子质量,采用免疫印迹法鉴定其变应原成分,并通过离子交换层析对椰子花粉变应原进行初步分离纯化,免疫印迹进行检测.结果 SDS-PAGE显示椰子花粉粗提液有10条蛋白带,其中相对分子质量(肘,)为60 000、50 000、35 000、28 000、19 000、16 000和14 000的蛋白可与椰子花粉过敏性病人血清IgE结合,且M,50 000、16 000和14 000为主要变应原;离子交换层析结果显示主要过敏原成分主要分布在V峰中.结论 对椰子花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、鉴定和纯化,为临床椰子花粉变态反应疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础.     

法桐花粉主要过敏原基因Pla a1重组表达及鉴定

目的:表达、纯化和鉴定法国梧桐花粉主要变应原基因Platanus acerifolia pollen allergen1(Pla a1)。方法:首先根据文献查找并在GenBank获取法国梧桐花粉主要变应原基因序列Pla a1,利用DNAStar软件进行密码子优化;合成全基因;将Pla a1与载体pET-44a连接后转入大肠杆菌Rosetta中进行诱导并优化目的蛋白表达;利用亲和层析法纯化该外源表达蛋白;应用Western blot,利用法桐花粉过敏患者血清鉴定纯化后的目的蛋白的抗原性。结果:成功构建了pET44a-Pla a1阳性质粒;获得了法桐花粉主要变应原重组蛋白Pla a1;对该重组蛋白进行了亲和层析纯化;免疫印记法表明重组蛋白具有一定的抗原性。结论:首次利用密码子优化的方法获得融合Strep TagⅡ的法桐花粉过敏原重组蛋白Pla a1,为制备高纯度变应原、重组低致敏过敏原及变应原核酸疫苗奠定基础。     

油菜花粉过敏原的分析、鉴定与纯化

目的对油菜花粉的变应原组分进行鉴定及初步的分离及纯化。方法提取油菜花粉粗提液,然后通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分离油菜花粉的蛋白质组分并测定其相对分子质量,采用免疫印迹(Western blotting)法鉴定其变应原成分,并通过离子交换层析对油菜花粉变应原进行初步分离纯化,免疫印迹进行检测。结果油菜花粉粗提液有10余条蛋白带,其中相对分子质量为30 000、25 000、15 000和10 000的蛋白可与油菜花粉过敏性病人血清IgE结合,其中15 000和10 000为主要变应原;离子交换层析结果显示主要过敏原成分主要分布在Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ峰中。结论对油菜花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、鉴定和纯化,为临床油菜花粉变态反应疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

斑节对虾过敏原的分离、鉴定与纯化

目的 对斑节对虾的主要过敏原进行分析、鉴定与纯化.方法 通过SDS-PAGE电泳分离斑节对虾的蛋白质组份,采用免疫印迹(Western-blotting)方法鉴定过敏原,通过离子交换层析对斑节对虾主要过敏原进行初步纯化.结果 斑节对虾粗提液SDS-PAGE显示其主要蛋白条带主要有7条,Western-blotting显示对斑节对虾过敏患者的阳性混合血清能与7个蛋白条带起反应,相对分子质量分别为71 000、43 000、34 000、23 000、21 000、20 000和19 000,离子交换层析可初步纯化出相对分子质量为34000和21 000的过敏原蛋白.结论本实验对斑节对虾过敏原进行了分离和鉴定,并初步纯化出斑节对虾的主要过敏原.     

凡纳滨对虾新过敏原烯醇化酶的鉴定

目的：鉴定凡纳滨对虾分子量为47 kD过敏原的性质。方法：采用丙酮沉淀法提取凡纳滨对虾总蛋白,通过SDS-PAGE、11例虾过敏患者血清IgE的Western blot。分析凡纳滨对虾中过敏原组份,运用基质辅助激光解析串联飞行时间质谱仪(Matrix-Assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS)鉴定凡纳滨对虾47 kD未知过敏原组分。结果：通过 SDS-PAGE电泳证明所提取的凡纳滨对虾总蛋白组分完全。Western blot 结果显示,凡纳滨对虾至少有14种与阳性血清反应的组分,其中,55%的虾过敏患者IgE与分子量为47 kD的蛋白分子发生特异性反应,质谱分析结果显示47 kD蛋白为烯醇化酶。结论：烯醇化酶是凡纳滨对虾的一种新的过敏原。     

Isolation and immunobiochemical characterization of a major allergen (65 kDa) from Fusarium equiseti

Fusarium equiseti is one of the most important species in the class Deuteromycetes (Fungi Imperfecti). For proper diagnosis and immunotherapy, isolation and characterization of allergens of F. equiseti are necessary. In the present study, culture filtrate (CF) extract of F. equiseti was resolved into 35–37 bands on isoelectric focusing pi (3–9) and SDS-PAGE (mol. wt. 10–100 kDa). Most of them were glycoproteins, as identified by PAS staining. F. equiseti CF revealed 15 allergenic proteins on immunoblot with an allergic serum pool. It was fractionated into nine fractions (I–IX) on a Superose-12 column by FPLC. Fraction IV (65 kDa) and fraction VI (25 kDa) were found to be highly allergenic by IgE ELISA. A 65-kDa protein was observed as a major allergen because it was recognized by most of the patient sera on immunoblot. After elution from SDS-PAGE gel, it gave two bands of pi 7.4 and 6.0. Inhibition in IgE-binding components of F. equiseti CF with CF extracts of F. soiani and F. moniliforme by immunoprint inhibition assay indicated the allergenicity shared between the extracts of Fusarium species. Data suggested that the 65-kDa is the major allergen in the Fusarium species and can he used for the treatment of allergic patients.     

Fractionation and immunological characterization of allergens and allergoids of Prosopis juliflora pollen.

Allergoids of Prosopis juliflora pollen were prepared by formalinization of crude allergen and glycoprotein. Fractionation of crude allergen and allergoids on Sephadex G-100 resulted in separation of proteins of varying molecular size and a glycoprotein of 81 to 13 KD. Allergoids prepared from the glycoprotein fractionated into two proteins of approximately 200 KD and more than 200 KD. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis indicated 12 and gel diffusion test 3 precipitating antigens incrude allergen extract; by these tests allergoids depicted 8 and 3 precipitin bands, respectively. The precipitin analysis showed heterogeneity of allergenic determinants and also variation in cross-immunogenicity of the formalinized derivatives. The skin prick and radioallergosorbent tests depicted greater activity of fractionated crude allergens than the allergoids. The above tests suggest altered and concealed antigenic determinants as result of formalinization of P. juliflora pollen which, however, showed reduced allergenic activity relative to the native allergen.     

Culture filtrate antigens and allergens of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Epicoccum nigrum</Emphasis> cultivated in modified semi-synthetic medium

Epicoccum nigrum (EN) is an important fungal allergen for nasobronchial allergy. Fungal extracts should contain all the relevant allergen components from spores, mycelium and culture medium for the purpose of allergy diagnosis and therapy. EN extract from spore-mycelial mass has been standardized, but the culture filtrate (CF) allergens of EN have not been studied as EN grows poorly in synthetic medium. The objective of the present study was to obtain a standard CF extract of EN by cultivating the source material in a modified semi-synthetic medium and to compare this with the EN cellular extract. Sabouraud's medium containing yeast extract (50 mg/l) was filtered using 10-kDa cut-off membrane and the lower molecular mass media components were used to cultivate EN. The CF obtained after removing the spore-mycelia was dialyzed to remove media components. The CF extract was characterized by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblot. It was compared with EN spore-mycelial extract by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ELISA inhibition and by intradermal testing on allergy patients. The CF extract of EN resolved into 30 protein bands on SDS-PAGE. About 27 IgG bands were detected using anti-EN rabbit antibodies and 12 IgE bands by EN-sensitive pooled patients' sera. Periodate modification of CF proteins showed that the carbohydrate moieties are not important for IgE binding. Protein components of 26, 34 and 43 kDa were recognized as the major CF allergens. Three different batches of CF extract required 7.5-9 ng of self protein for 50% inhibition of binding to anti-EN rabbit antibodies in ELISA. Intradermal testing with CF extract showed comparable allergenic potency to standardized EN spore-mycelial extract, although it contained some allergenic proteins in higher amounts as compared to the spore-mycelial extract. In summary, the semi-synthetic medium has been suitably modified for obtaining EN CF antigens. This medium can be an important substitute for producing potent CF allergens of fungi that grow poorly in synthetic medium. The EN CF extract elicited good allergenic reactivity and may be used for allergy diagnosis along with spore-mycelial extract.     

Purification and physicochemical characterization of Schistosoma mansoni egg allergen recognized by mouse sera obtained at an acute stage of infection

A major allergenic component recognized by mouse sera obtained at an acute stage of infection was purified from soluble egg antigen preparation (SEA) of Schistosoma mansoni by anion-exchange chromatography on DE52 and gel chromatography on Sephadex G-150. The purified allergen showed homogeneity by immunoelectrophoresis and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Its apparent molecular weight was 210,000 by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200. This purified allergen could bind to Con A-Sepharose 4B, indicating its glycoprotein nature. After amino acid analysis, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine and theonine were found as the major amino acids. The allergenic activity was destroyed by heating at 100 degrees C for 60 min and by pronase or periodate treatment. By double diffusion in agar gel, this purified allergen gave a strong single band against acute (8 w) stage serum, which fused to the major band formed by crude SEA. On the other hand, it showed a very faint band against chronic (22 w) stage serum, which is apparently different from the main band formed between crude SEA and the chronic stage serum. When specific IgE or IgG antibody titers in the serum of human schistosomiasis mansoni cases were measured by ELISA using this purified allergen, the results showed good correlation with those obtained by using crude SEA. Thus, this purified allergen is not only a major allergen in the acute stage of murine schistosomiasis but also an allergen in human schistosomiasis mansoni.     

Identification of major allergens from the house dust mites, Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, by electroblotting

The allergens were separated from the extracts of house dust mites by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and identified by autoradiography. Over 30 protein bands of the whole body extract of Dermatophagoides farinae were apparent on 10-20% gradient SDS-PAGE, and 13 bands with MW between 93KD and 12KD bound with specific IgE antibodies in patients' sera sensitive to house dust mites. The major allergenic component of the whole body extract of D. farinae was the protein of MW 14-15KD, which was detected in 95.7% of 47 patients' sera sensitive to house dust mites. The extract of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus supplied by Bencard Company, England was thought to contain feces enriched material as noted in a few broad protein bands on SDS-PAGE. Seven allergenic components were shown by autoradiography. The protein band of MW 14-15KD was one of the most frequently revealed allergens on autoradiography, which has appeared in 32.5% of 40 patients' sera sensitive to house dust mites. The electrobotting technique used in the present study was fast, convenient and highly useful for both the identification of allergen components and the screening of specific IgE antibody. The individual variations of IgE immune responses to the allergenic components of the two house dust mites were discussed.     

Identification and partial purification of pollen allergens from Artemisia princeps

The pollen of Artemisia has been considered as the main late summer-autumn allergen source in this country. To identify its allergenic components, Artemisia princeps pollen extracts were separated by 10% sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and transferred to nitrocellulose membrane, where IgE binding components were detected by the reaction with sera of twenty Artemisia-allergic patients and 125I-anti-human IgE, sixteen components in the molecular range of 10,000 and 85,000 daltons were detected. Twelve bands bound to IgE from 50% of the sera tested, and two bands (37,000, 23,000 daltons) showed the highest (85%) frequency of IgE-binding in twenty sera tested. When the gel of SDS-PAGE with Artemisia pollen extracts was sliced into 11 allergenic groups (AG) and the protein of each AG was obtained by the gel elution method, the wormwool-RAST inhibition test showed that the AG 10 demonstrated to be the most potent, and the AG 7 was the next. Six AGs showed significant responses (more than 100% of wheal size to histamine, 1 mg/ml) on the skin prick test in more than 50% of the patients tested. It is suggested that electrophoretic transfer analysis with SDS-PAGE may be a valuable method for Artemisia allergen identification, and the possibility of partial purification of allergens by employing gel elution is discussed.     

Identification and immunologic characterization of an allergen, alliin lyase, from garlic (Allium sativum)

BACKGROUND: Garlic (Allium sativum) is one of the most common relishes used in cooking worldwide. Very few garlic allergens have been reported, and garlic allergy has been rarely studied. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to identify allergenic proteins in garlic and to investigate their importance in allergies to other Allium species (leek, shallot, and onion). METHODS: A crude extract of garlic proteins was separated by SDS-PAGE and 2-dimensional electrophoresis; immunoblotting was then performed with the use of individual and pooled sera from patients with garlic allergy, and the major IgE-binding proteins were analyzed by amino acid sequencing and mass spectrometry. The putative allergens were further purified by chromatography; the antigenicity, allergenicity, and IgE-binding cross-reactivity of the purified protein were then studied by immunoblotting, periodate oxidation, skin tests, and IgE-binding inhibition assays. RESULTS: A major allergen, alliin lyase, was identified by mass spectrometry and Edman sequencing and purified to homogeneity through the use of a simple 2-step chromatographic method. Skin tests showed that the purified protein elicited IgE-mediated hypersensitive responses in patients with garlic allergy. Periodate oxidation showed that carbohydrate groups were involved in the antigenicity, allergenicity, and cross-reactivity. Garlic alliin lyase showed strong cross-reactivity with alliin lyases from other Allium species, namely leek, shallot, and onion. CONCLUSIONS: Alliin lyase was found to be a major garlic allergen in a garlic-allergic group of patients in Taiwan. The wide distribution of alliin lyase in Allium suggests it may be a new cross-reactive allergen.