瞬时血流测定技术对非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术后早期预后预测的价值

目的探讨非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)中测定的血流指标对术后早期预后的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2013年北京大学人民医院心外科行OPCAB 133例三支病变患者的围手术期资料,其中男103例、女30例,平均年龄(62.84±7.13)岁。所有患者手术结束前行瞬时血流测定,记录搏动指数、血流量等指标,并计算所有移植血管总流量、平均流量。采用单因素、双变量相关和logistic回归分析术中瞬时测定的搏动指数及流量与术后早期预后的相关性。结果术中血流测定显示乳内动脉桥血流量为(28.69±16.90)ml/min,搏动指数为2.70±1.39,所有移植血管总流量为(79.94±37.20)ml/min,平均流量为(35.55±16.75)ml/min。乳内动脉桥搏动指数与术后12 h心肌肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)、48 h内c Tn I高峰、住ICU时间、呼吸机使用时间呈正相关(P0.01),但相关性较弱(相关系数0.4)。发生围手术期心肌梗死组的移植血管总流量、平均流量及乳内动脉桥流量均低于无心肌梗死组(P0.01)。Logistic回归分析提示移植血管总流量是预测围手术期心肌梗死的有效指标(P=0.004,RR=0.950,95%CI 0.918~0.984)。结论术中瞬时测定的血流指标可以对术后早期预后进行预测,低的移植血管总流量是围手术期心肌梗死的危险因素。     

经胸降主动脉微创冠状动脉旁路移植术

目的 探讨胸腔镜辅助左胸小切口、经胸降主动脉"Y"形旁路血管向心肌供血,实施非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术微创化的临床疗效.方法 66例冠心病病人,经左胸小切口开胸,胸腔镜游离左侧乳内动脉,经胸降主动脉"Y"形旁路血管向心肌供血,实施非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术,用瞬时流量测定仪检测旁路血管的通畅度.结果 平均手术(103,0±18.4)min.术后平均机械辅助呼吸(5.6±3.2)h,平均ICU滞留(37.3±7.6)h,平均胸腔引流量(190±75)ml,平均输血(150±50)ml,移植血管平均流量Qm为(27±7)mi/min,搏动指数(PI)为3.5±1.4,逆向血流百分比(%Insuf)为(7±5)%.全组病人无死亡,均治愈出院.随访12～48个月,病人病情稳定,身体状况良好.结论 该术式是微创冠状动脉旁路移植术的一个新途径.尤其适用于升主动脉存在钙化、扩张或粥样硬化斑块者,可避免升主动脉损伤、附壁斑块松动、脱落导致的脑栓塞或冠状动脉栓塞.安全、有效、创伤小.从真正意义上实现了冠状动脉旁路移植术的微创化.临床疗效显著,近期效果满意,远期效果有待进一步随访观察.     

使用双侧乳内动脉行冠状动脉旁路移植术早期结果分析

目的分析使用双侧乳内动脉(BIMA)行冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后的早期临床及CT结果和桥血管流量,探讨手术的安全性、有效性及桥流量特点。方法回顾性分析2015年12月至2016年7月我院使用双侧乳内动脉行CABG 52例患者的临床资料,其中男46例、女6例,平均年龄(56.6±6.8)岁。所有患者均在体外循环下进行,带蒂方式获取双侧乳内动脉,根据靶血管情况设计搭桥路径。完成吻合后,取平均动脉压70 mm Hg时使用Veri Q系统行桥血管即时流量测定。出院前行冠状动脉CT检查,评估桥血管通畅情况。评价围术期结果、早期CT结果及桥流量。结果无手术死亡。平均手术时间(4.7±0.6)h,平均体外循环时间(114.8±20.6)min,平均主动脉阻断时间(82.8±17.6)min,平均呼吸机使用时间(17.6±10.5)h,平均ICU停留时间(2.7±1.8)d。平均远端吻合口数(4.6±0.8)个。1例患者出现胸骨松动、伤口愈合不良,行清创缝合后治愈,其余患者无手术并发症,均康复出院。左乳内动脉桥平均流量(28.1±11.4)ml/min,平均搏动指数2.2±0.6;右乳内动脉桥平均流量(27.3±12.0)ml/min,平均搏动指数2.4±0.8;大隐静脉桥平均流量(41.5±21.5)ml/min,平均搏动指数2.2±0.7。左乳内动脉桥与右乳内动脉桥平均流量差异无统计学意义(P=0.978)。左乳内动脉桥、右乳内动脉桥平均流量分别与大隐静脉桥平均流量比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。出院前CT显示无桥血管狭窄出现;7支静脉桥、5支动脉桥吻合口远端显影浅淡,但仍通畅;2支静脉桥未显影,提示桥血管闭塞。结论使用BIMA行CABG,手术安全性高、并发症少;双侧乳内动脉桥流量相当,动脉桥早期无狭窄闭塞,是稳定理想的冠状动脉旁路移植物。     

FFR在冠状动脉旁路移植手术决策中的潜在作用

目的观察冠状动脉血流储备分数(FFR)与术中旁路移植血管血流模式状态的关系, 探讨FFR在冠状动脉旁路移植手术中的指导作用。方法回顾性纳入2016年3月至2019年10月, 86例冠状动脉旁路移植患者, 其中男59例, 女27例;年龄42～77岁, 平均(58±12)岁。术前评估左前降支动脉的FFR值, 根据术前FFR值将患者分为重度缺血组(FFR<0.75)、临界组(0.75≤FFR<0.80)和轻度缺血组(FFR≥0.80)。术中使用瞬时流量测定仪评估胸廓内动脉至左前降支动脉的旁路移植血管血流状态。结果重度缺血组、临界组和轻度缺血组患者的移植血管平均血流量分别为(21.24±5.71)ml/min、(18.25±7.72)ml/min和(16.47±7.83)ml/min, 搏动指数分别为2.58±0.96、3.14±1.19和3.53±1.34, 舒张期充盈比例分别为0.63±0.10、0.55±0.11和0.53±0.11, 出现收缩期逆流患者分别为2例(3.6%)、3例(18.8%)、3例(20.0%)。三组间的移植血管流量(P=0.027)、搏动指数(P=0.0...     

60岁以上非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术患者移植血管流量特点分析

目的为60岁以上非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(off-pump coronary artery bypass graft,OPCABG)患者合理评价手术效果提供临床依据。方法利用瞬时血流测定技术(transit time flow measurement,TTFM)对109例60岁以上(含60岁)及50例<60岁OPCABG患者移植血管进行测量,并记录平均流量(mean flow,Qm)及搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)。结果60岁以上组乳内动脉Qm(37.4±28.1)ml/min,PI3.4±1.4(n=75),大隐静脉Qm(34.7±20.4)ml/min,PI3.7±2.4(n=259);60岁以下组乳内动脉Qm(41.5±23.6)ml/min,PI3.2±1.0(n=46),大隐静脉Qm(36.6±25.8)ml/min,PI3.4±1.7(n=123)。两组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。但60岁以上组低Qm(<20ml/min)比例明显高于60岁以下组[乳内动脉13%(10/75)vs2%(1/46),大隐静脉13%(33/259)vs6%(7/123),χ2=4.296、...     

OPCAB即时与关胸时乳内动脉桥血流的对比研究

目的　使用即时超声血流探测仪对比观察非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术 (OPCAB)术中左乳内动脉 (LIMA)桥吻合完毕当时 (早期 )与关胸时 (晚期 )桥血流变化规律。方法　 2 0 0 2年 1月至 8月 ,对 6 5例OPCAB病人进行了早期与晚期动脉桥血流的对比研究。其中男 5 0例 ,女 15例 ;年龄 47～ 75岁 ,70岁以上病人 19例 ( 2 9 2 %)。病人均为不稳定型心绞痛 ,其中冠状动脉三支病变 32例 ( 49 2 %) ,二支病变 2 6例 ( 40 0 %) ,单支病变 7例 ( 10 8%)。OPCAB术中常规使用LIMA与左前降支 (LAD)吻合。于LIMA与LAD吻合完毕和手术结束关胸前 ,用即时血流测量仪 (transit timeflowmeter)直接测量并记录LIMA桥血流波形、平均流量、舒张期流量、收缩期流量、搏动指数及平均动脉压。结果　两组平均动脉压差异无显著性 (P =0 0 5 ) ;LIMA桥平均血流量早期 ( 2 9 91± 3 32 )ml min显著高于晚期 ( 2 5 12± 2 5 6 )ml min ,P =0 0 3;舒张期流量早期 ( 5 9 2 6± 5 2 1)ml min与晚期 ( 5 4 36± 4 2 7)ml min差异无显著性 ,P =0 0 8;收缩期流量早期 ( 12 98± 1 6 4)ml min显著高于晚期 ( 6 17± 1 93)ml min ,P <0 0 0 1;搏动指数早期 2 6 9± 0 12明显小于晚期 3 36± 0 37,P =0 0 2。结论　LIMA与LAD吻合     

体外循环与非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术移植血管流量对比分析

目的比较非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(off-pump coronary artery bypass graft,OPCABG)与传统体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(conventional on-pump coronary artery bypass graft,CCABG)移植血管通畅性。方法利用瞬时血流测定技术(transit-time flow meter,TTFM)对105例CCABG和140例OPCABG移植血管进行测量,并记录平均流量(mean flow,Qm)及搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)。结果2组一般情况无显著性差异,2组旁路移植血管数目及血管材料无差异。流量测定结果,乳内动脉OPCABG组(n=101)Qm(37.2±26.6)ml/min,PI3.3±1.3;CCABG组(n=75)Qm(39.5±21.8)ml/min,PI3.3±1.2,两组差异无显著性(t=-0.612、0.000,P>0.05),大隐静脉流量两组也无显著性差异[OPCABG组(n=335)Qm(36.8±27.4)ml/min,PI3.1±1.5;CCABG组(n=281)Qm(40.9±...     

心脏不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术中应用8-0 Prolene缝线的即时血流效果评价

目的探索采用8-0 Prolene缝线进行移植血管远端吻合的即时效果。方法分别选取2010年和2012年在北京安贞医院心外科行不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术的患者共101例,男87例、女14例,年龄46～82（61.35±8.24）岁。2010年的36例患者全部使用目前国内外常规使用的7-0 Prolene缝线缝合冠状动脉远端吻合口,2012年的65例患者全部使用8-0 Prolene缝线缝合冠状动脉远端吻合口。吻合完毕后全部应用即时血流测量仪测量与前降支吻合的移植血管（左乳内动脉和大隐静脉）的血流相关指标,包括血流量、搏动指数（PI）和舒张期血流灌注率,将分别应用7-0 Prolene和8-0 Prolene两种吻合缝线吻合的移植血管的测量数据进行比较。结果采用8-0Prolene缝线吻合的左乳内动脉桥（n=44）的血流量值较7-0 Prolene缝线吻合的左乳内动脉桥（n=30）血流量值明显增加[（33.70±21.13）ml/min vs.（27.50±17.34）ml/min,P=0.032],同时搏动指数明显减小（2.15±0.69 vs.2.58±1.01,P=0.047）。而8-0 Prolene缝线吻合后大隐静脉桥（n=21）的血流量值和搏动指数与7-0 Prolene缝线进行吻合的大隐静脉桥（n=6）差异无统计学意义[（34.19±16.00）ml/min vs.（29.00±15.48）ml/min,P〉0.05;2.07±0.53 vs.1.95±0.55,P〉0.05]。所有移植血管的舒张期血流灌注率均大于50%,且组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论使用8-0 Prolene缝线进行左乳内动脉与前降支的吻合可以提高移植血管的血流量同时降低其搏动指数,吻合口即时通畅性更佳,将有利于提高手术的成功率及预后。     

冠状动脉硬化性心脏病合并左锁骨下动脉严重狭窄非体外循环下同期手术的临床经验

目的探讨非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植同时主动脉-锁骨下动脉旁路治疗冠状动脉硬化性心脏病(冠心病)合并锁骨下动脉重度狭窄的手术方法及效果.方法2003年1月～2004年5月,我院治疗须行冠状动脉旁路移植术同时合并左锁骨下动脉近端重度狭窄3例,术中先行主动脉-锁骨下动脉旁路,左乳内动脉获得满意的流量后,再行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植.结果手术时间210～340 min,平均283 min,出血量570～1 630 ml,平均963 ml.游离左乳内动脉后量杯测流量均＜5 ml/min,主动脉-锁骨下动脉旁路后量杯测流量均＞50 ml/min,乳内动脉远端与前降支吻合后流量仪测流量12～27 ml/min,平均20 ml/min.术后临床症状缓解,未发现冠脉-锁骨下动脉窃血综合征.3例随访3～6个月,平均5个月,无心绞痛发作.结论非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植同时主动脉-锁骨下动脉旁路手术是治疗冠心病合并锁骨下动脉重度狭窄简单而有效的方法.     

非体外循环心脏跳动下冠状动脉旁路移植术桥血流的研究

目的　术中测量非体外循环心脏跳动下冠状动脉旁路移植术 (OPCAB)桥血管的血流量和搏动指数 (PI)及血流波形 ,以探讨血管桥通畅率及其与波形的关系。方法　 2 34例病人接受OPCAB手术 ,采用左乳内动脉 (LIMA)全部与左前降支 (LAD)吻合 ,大隐静脉 (SV)吻合口在 2个以上采用序贯式吻合。术中用超声血流检测仪 (medi stimbutterflyflowmeter)测量旁路血管桥的血流量、PI值及其波形 ,根据结果判断桥路通畅情况 ,并且对比LIMA和SV旁路血管桥的血流量和LIMA中LAD近段狭窄大于 90 %与小于 90 %者的血流量。结果　LIMA使用率 10 0 % ,LIMA和SV桥通畅率 10 0 % ,LIMA平均血流量(19 99± 1 93)ml/min ,SV血流量 (38 17± 2 85 )ml/min ,两者差异显著 (P <0 0 1)。LIMA组中LAD近段狭窄大于 90 %者血流量 (32 0 0± 3.4 0 )ml/min ,小于 90 %者血流量 (15 2 9± 1 6 6 )ml/min ,两者差异显著(P <0 0 1)。PI平均值LIMA为 3 2 9± 0 2 2 ,SV为 3 4 1± 0 37。术后病人无并发症 ,心绞痛消失 ,全部治愈出院 ,平均住院 (7 0± 1.5 )d。随访无死亡。结论　OPCAB术吻合口的通畅率令人满意 ,静脉桥血流量高于LIMA ;LAD近段狭窄大于 90 %时LIMA血流量较高。反映桥通畅的最可靠指标是桥血流的搏动指数 ,而舒张期血流的波     

Anterolateral right thoracotomy for mitral valve procedure after previous coronary artery bypass grafting with functioning internal mammary artery grafts

AIM: Mitral valve procedure after previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with functioning internal mammary artery (IMA) grafts has high risk. Especially, internal mammary artery grafts injury may be fatal. The anterolateral right thoracotomy affords easy access to the right atrium with minimal dissection, and minimizes the risk of injury to the IMA grafts. We reviewed our operative technique and outcome after mitral valve procedure after previous CABG with functioning IMA grafts. METHODS: Thirteen patients (11 male and 2 female, mean age of 67.7+/-8.5 years, range 54 to 80 years) underwent mitral valve replacement after previous CABG with functioning IMA grafts from march 1993 to september 2002. The mean interval between the previous CABG and the mitral valve procedure was 3.8 years (range 9 months to 8 years). Four patients had simultaneous mitral valve procedures at initial CABG (2 repairs and 2 replacements). The operation has performed through the anterolateral right thoracotomy, under ventricular fibrillation with moderate hypothermia and without cardioplesia. RESULTS: Mitral valve repair was performed in 3 patients, mitral valve replacement in 10 patients. The mean coronary bypass time was 69.1+/-16.2 min (range 45 to 98 min). The operation time was 159.3+/-29.4 min (range 120 to 219 min). Intensive care unit stay days was 1.9+/-1.6 days (range 1 to 5 days). Peak CK/CK-MB values were 555.1+/-290.4 IU/16.6+/-10.7 IU (range 176 to 924 IU/7 to 44 IU). Peak troponin I value was 9.5+/-5.2 pg/mL (range 4 to 17.8 pg/mL). There was no IMA injury and no early death. Other complications were newly arrhythmia in 3 patients, renal insufficiency in 1 patient, reoperation for bleeding in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS: Anterolateral right thoracotomy approach, ventricular fibrillation with moderate hypothermia without cardioplesia were a safe and good method for mitral valve operation after previous CABG with functioning IMA graft.     

Five-year results of coronary bypass grafting for patients older than 70 years: role of internal mammary artery

Despite numerous references to the superiority of the internal mammary artery (IMA) over the saphenous vein for myocardial revascularization, its role in the elderly is still in question. From January 1984 through December 1988, 1,081 patients older than 70 years (mean age, 74.9 years) underwent bypass grafting, 354 (33%) receiving left IMA grafts based on the surgeon's preference and 727 (67%) receiving vein grafts only. Selection bias resulted in a higher incidence of known risk factors (such as cardiomegaly, arrhythmias, left ventricular failure, wall motion abnormalities, and preoperative combined New York Heart Association/Canadian Cardiovascular Association functional class IV) in patients in whom the IMA was not used. However, unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular dysfunction, and left main disease were not contraindications for using IMA grafts. The operative mortality rate was significantly lower in IMA patients (2.8% versus 7.6%). The actuarial 5-year survival rate (standard error) was higher in patients with IMA grafts, 89% (3%) versus 78% (2%), and postoperative functional class improved to a greater extent in IMA patients (87% of patients were in classes I and II). Arrhythmias and myocardial infarction were significant causes of late death only in patients with vein grafts. When patients are older than 70 years, patient selection factors clearly play an important role in the differential results between patients in whom the IMA is used and patients in whom vein grafts are used. As in younger patients, excellent results can be achieved in the elderly.     

侧侧吻合术在序贯桥终末端细小靶血管缝合中的应用

目的 报道侧侧吻合术在序贯桥终末端与细小靶冠状动脉进行缝合时的临床应用,并观察其疗效。方法 自2012年10月至2013年3月北京安贞医院12例患者在非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术中应用侧侧吻合技术缝合序贯桥终末端的吻合口。其中男7例,女5例;年龄 （68.0±3.6） 岁。术中监测桥血管流量、搏动指数,术后复查超声心动图、心电图等指标,以评估其疗效。 结果 12例患者手术均成功,终末端吻合口流量 （21.1±8.6） ml/min,搏动指数为2.1±1.0。其中4例患者终末端吻合口的缝合方式临时由端侧吻合改为侧侧吻合,终末端吻合口流量分别由2 ml/min、7 ml/min、3 ml/min、5 ml/min增加至10 ml/min、32 ml/min、13 ml/min、23 ml/min,搏动指数分别由18.2、7.1、12.6、13.4改善至2.2、0.9、1.8、2.8。终末端的靶冠状动脉均为后降支,旁路移植血管（4.0±0.7） 支。术后7～10 d出院,无低心排血量综合征、恶性心律失常及围术期心肌梗死等不良事件发生。 结论 在将序贯桥终末端与细小靶冠状动脉进行缝合时,采用侧侧吻合技术进行缝合具有较高的通畅性,但在广泛推广应用之前,应对其远期疗效进行随访。     

超声刀骨骼化获取双侧乳内动脉在冠状动脉旁路移植术中的应用

目的总结超声刀骨骼化获取双侧乳内动脉在冠状动脉旁路移植术中的应用。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年5月我院54例采用双侧骨骼化乳内动脉进行搭桥患者的临床资料,其中男51例、女3例,平均年龄(62.37±9.56)岁。术前心功能分级(NYHA)Ⅱ级51例、Ⅲ级3例。结果54例患者均顺利康复出院,平均搭桥(4.07±0.85)支,手术时间(267.21±47.00)min,术后机械通气时间(342.43±132.17)min,平均住院时间(12.21±4.43)d。结论超声刀骨骼化获取双侧乳内动脉应用于非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术中是安全有效的。     

弥漫性冠状动脉病变的外科治疗

目的总结非体外循环心脏跳动下冠状动脉内膜剥脱后行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（off—pump CABG）治疗弥漫性冠状动脉病变的早期临床结果和经验，以提高手术疗效。方法2003年5月～2006年11月，对83例弥漫性冠状动脉病变患者在非体外循环下做冠状动脉内膜剥脱后行off—pump CABG，其中男61例，女22例；年龄55-80岁（65±7岁）；加拿大心脏病协会（CCS）心绞痛分级：Ⅱ级7例，Ⅲ级20例，Ⅳ级56例。有心肌梗死史36例（43．4％）。冠状动脉造影显示：双支血管病变5例，3支病变78例，其中合并左主干病变16例。左心室射血分数25％～65％（51％±16％）。83例共行110支冠状动脉内膜剥脱，其中左前降支系统67支，回旋支、钝缘支9支，右冠状动脉系统34支。20例内膜剥脱后先用大隐静脉片行左前降支成形，再在补片上用乳内动脉行旁路血管移植；应用左乳内动脉83支，桡动脉2支，余均为大隐静脉，每例移植血管3．9±1．2支。结果无手术死亡。术中移植血管血流满意101支（92％），血流量为22±16ml／min。术后发生心肌梗死4例，梗死面积小，无血流动力学改变，未给予特殊治疗。83例患者皆痊愈出院。随访75例（90．4％），8例失访，随访时间8～50个月，无心绞痛发作。8例患者在手术后3～29个月复查冠状动脉造影显示：冠状动脉内膜剥脱后行off—pump CABG的移植血管均通畅。结论非体外循环下冠状动脉内膜剥脱后行off—pump CABG，安全可行，再血管化程度高，是治疗弥漫性冠状动脉病变的有效方法。     

Comparative study of aorto-coronary bypass surgery using internal mammary artery grafts and saphenous vein grafts

From April, 1985, through March, 1988, 202 patients had aorto-coronary artery bypass (CABG). In two series of consecutive patients who underwent CABG alone with the saphenous vein (SVG) or the internal mammary artery (IMA), mortality, morbidity and postoperative angiographic findings were compared with two series. The mean number of grafts placed was 1.8 per patient (1 to 4 grafts) in IMA group and 2.2 per patient (1 to 4 grafts) in SVG group. Mortality was 3% in two groups. The intraoperatively mean blood flow of graft to LAD in SVG and the mean blood flow of free end of IMA had no significant difference. The early patency rate (1.5 months) was 96% for 177 grafts in IMA group, 97% for 100 with IMA-LAD anastomosis, and 95% for 221 grafts in SVG group, 97.7% for 88 with SVG-LAD anastomosis. Morbidity was not significantly different. Many reports suggested that the long-term patency rate was good within the IMAG. In conclusion, the usefulness of IMAG in Japanese patients should be more stressed in young patients.     

Internal mammary artery graft at reoperation: risks, benefits, and methods of preservation

To determine the effect of a prior internal mammary artery (IMA) graft on coronary artery bypass reoperation (CABR), we reviewed our experience with 410 consecutive patients: 313 received only saphenous vein grafts at initial coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and 97 received at least one IMA graft at CABG. Cardiac catheterization data before CABG were available in 110 patients (56 received only saphenous vein grafts, 54 received at least one IMA graft), allowing comparison of left ventricular function at CABG and CABR. Injury of the IMA graft occurred in 5 patients (1 death), but presence of an IMA graft was not an independent predictor of morbidity or mortality. Overall, the incidences of complications and deaths were higher in patients with saphenous vein grafts than in patients with IMA grafts, though not significantly so. Internal mammary artery grafts better preserved cardiac function: patients with IMA grafts had worse left ventricular function before CABG but better left ventricular function before CABR than patients with saphenous vein grafts. Left ventricular function deterioration from before CABG to before CABR was significantly less in patients with IMA grafts. We conclude that the risk of CABR is not increased by a previously constructed IMA graft and that left ventricular function is better preserved at CABR when an IMA graft was constructed at the initial operation.     

Clinical experience of bovine internal mammary artery graft (BIOFLOW) for coronary artery bypass surgery

Bovine internal mammary artery graft (BIOFLOW: BIOVASCULAR INC. Netherlands) has been used for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in 8 patients since May 1988 at Osaka Medical College Hospital. There were 4 males and 4 females. Mean age was 66.9 year-old ranged from 62 to 72. Two were emergency CABG and other six had inadequate saphenous veins. The internal mammary artery and/or the saphenous vein were concomitantly used in all patients. Number of grafts was 2 to 6 with the mean of 2.9 and BIOFLOW (phi 3 mm) was anastomosed to 2 left anterior descending arteries and 6 right coronary arteries, the mean graft flow of BIOFLOW was 72.5 ml/min ranged from 52 to 120 ml/min. One patient died of ventricular arrhythmia on 5 postoperative day. There was no new Q wave infarction. Postoperative angiogram within 2 months showed 4 of 5 BIOFLOW grafts were patent, and no stenosis was found in those patent grafts. All survivors returned to home with a freedom from angina. From our experience, although the number was small and the follow-up period was short, BIOFLOW can be expected as an conduit of choice for CABG when the saphenous vein was not available and the internal mammary artery and the gastroepiploic artery were not enough to accomplish the complete revascularization.     

70岁以上患者冠状动脉旁路移植术

目的 总结70岁以上患者冠状动脉旁路移植术的经验,就伴发疾病的处理、手术适应证、手术技术及效果进行分析. 方法 2004年3月至2008年3月,采用冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗70岁以上高龄患者91例,年龄70～83岁.75岁以上者22例.心肺转流冠状动脉旁路移植组(CCABG组)72例,非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植组(OPCAB组)19例.两组术前临床资料无明显差异.其中CCABG组术前植入颈动脉支架2例,肾动脉支架2例;OPCAB组植入颈动脉支架2例,肾动脉支架1例.全组左侧胸廓内动脉使用率为96.7%;CCABG组心肺转流时间(108±34)min;主动脉阻断时间(70±22)min;搭桥数(3.5±0.8)支.OPCAB组搭桥数(2.9±0.7)支. 结果 全组住院死亡2例,均为慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并肺感染.CCABG组有1例脑梗死,2例肺部感染,但与OPCAB组相比差异无统计学意义.两组在呼吸机辅助时间、ICU时间、呼吸衰竭、急性肾功能衰竭、二次开胸等方面无明显差异.但CCABG组搭桥支数高于OPCAB组(P<0.01).术后随访3～36个月,OPCAB组1例复发心绞痛,药物控制有效. 结论 处理好伴发疾病,充分再血管化,最大限度改善心肌供血,70岁以上CABG患者也可以取得满意疗效.是否在心肺转流下手术,预后并无明显差异.