奥沙利铂联合氟尿苷亚叶酸钙双通路化疗治疗转移性肝癌的临床观察

目的 观察奥沙利铂（Oxaliplatin，L-OHP）联合氟尿嘧啶脱氧核苷（氟尿苷）（FUDR）、亚叶酸钙（LV）、丝裂霉素（MMC）＋超液化碘油动脉介入（TACE）＋静脉化疗双通路对转移性肝癌的临床疗效。方法 不能手术的转移性肝癌38例，经皮股动脉穿刺插管至腹腔动脉，并超选至肿瘤的供血供氧血管后灌注化疗药并栓塞，于次日再给予静脉化疗。方案如下：L-OHP130mg／m^2、FUDR0．75mg／m^2、CF200mg／m^2、动脉灌注，再以MMC 6-8mg／m^2＋超液化碘油5～10ml乳化后进行肝动脉栓塞。在TACE后第二天起给FUDR 350～500mg／m^2，CF 200mg／m^2，静脉滴注，连用2天。间隔28～45天，重复给药。结果 转移性肝癌的有效率47．36％。其中2例肝内瘤灶完全消失，2例瘤灶缩小后手术切除，达到治愈。毒副作用主要是恶心，呕吐，白细胞减少，一过性肝损，末梢神经炎的发生率并不高，程度也不重。未见心脏、肾脏损害。结论 以奥沙利铂联合FUDR、LV、MMC、超液化碘油的化疗方案，采用TACE＋静脉化疗双通路治疗转移性肝癌疗效肯定、安全，使部分病人获CR，PR，并得到进一步治疗的机会，达到治愈。毒副反应小，值得推广和使用。     

肝动脉置管持续灌注化疗和栓塞联合全身静脉化疗治疗结直肠癌肝转移的疗效观察

目的研究FOLFOX4方案的肝动脉化疗栓塞联合肝动脉置管持续灌注化疗及静脉化疗对治疗结直肠癌肝转移的有效性及安全性。方法对50例诊断结直肠癌肝转移行FOLFOX4方案的肝动脉化疗栓塞联合肝动脉置管持续灌注及全身静脉化疗患者评价近期疗效并随访其生存状况。结果 50例患者中有46例可评价近期疗效,无CR病例,PR 20例,SD 15例,PD11例;所有患者无Ⅲ级以上不良反应发生;1、2、3年生存率分别为71.4%、36.7%、10.4%,中位生存期19.7个月。结论基于FOLFOX4方案肝动脉化疗栓塞联合肝动脉置管持续灌注及全身静脉化疗治疗结直肠癌肝转移具有良好的近期疗效和总生存期,患者耐受力良好,联合治疗具备良好的治疗前景。     

草酸铂与5-氟脲嘧啶联合介入治疗结直肠癌肝转移

目的 比较应用草酸铂与5－氟脲嘧啶（5－Fu)联合的介入治疗方案与单用5－Fu介入治疗方案对结直肠癌术后多发性肝转移癌患者的疗效及副作用。方法 观察组（21例）应用草酸铂 5-Fu肝动脉灌注化疗 表阿霉素与碘油乳剂栓塞肝动脉。对照组（30例）术中应用5－Fu肝动脉灌注化疗 表阿霉素与碘油乳剂栓塞肝动脉。两组均以每4周为1周期，重复2－4周期，客观疗效与毒性反应按WHO标准进行评价。结果 观察组、对照组客观疗效（CR＋PR）分别为57％及40％（P＜0．01），中位生存期观察组13．0个月，对照组11．6个月，白细胞减少、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、发热等副作用两组差异无显著性。观察组有4例出现外周神经毒性反应。结论 草酸铂与5－Fu联合用药介入治疗结直肠癌多发性肝转移的治疗效果优于5－Fu单一用药。     

局部晚期宫颈癌动脉栓塞化疗的近期疗效观察

目的探讨顺铂联合5-氟脲嘧啶方案经子宫动脉置管96h续贯化疗治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的近期疗效。方法选择肿瘤直径≥4cm的Ib2～Ⅲb期宫颈癌患者29例,通过介入方法双侧子宫动脉内灌注顺铂70mg／m^2,同时栓塞病轻侧子宫动脉,并留管于病重侧子宫动脉主干,5．氟脲嘧啶4000mg／m^296h持续化疗,观察近期疗效及化疗不良反应。结果完全缓解18例,部分缓解8例,总有效率为89．6％;所有患者均有不同程度胃肠道反应,2例患者出现轻度谷丙转氨酶升高（40～80U／L）,6例患者出现Ⅰ-Ⅱ°骨髓抑制,1例出现外阴部皮肤红肿脱皮,经对症处理缓解;元一例出现穿刺感染、血肿、下肢血栓形成,未发现肾功能异常患者。结论子宫动脉插管并栓塞＋顺铂联合5-氟脲嘧啶方案续贯化疗对局部晚期宫颈癌患者安全有效。     

支气管动脉灌注+外周静脉持续化疗双径路治疗晚期肺癌的临床研究

目的：探讨支气管动脉灌注细胞周期非特异性药物联合外周静脉持续化疗,静点细胞周期特异性药物治疗Ⅲ期以上肺癌临床疗效和毒副反应。方法：对84例Ⅲ期以上肺癌随机分为治疗组42例,对照组42例。治疗组以支气管动脉灌注＋外周静脉持续化疗：a．小细胞肺癌支气管动脉灌注DDP80～120mg或CBP300～400mg／次或CTX0．8～1．0／次,12h后外周静点V-P16：100mg／m^2／d1-5～,或V-m26：100mg／m^2／d1-3或HCPT、10mg／d1-5;b．非小细胞肺癌支气管动脉灌注E-ADM80mg／m^2、MMC4mg／m^2、DDP100mg／m^2,12h后外周静脉持续点滴5-Fu0．5／m^2／d1-5或NVB40mg／m^2／d1-8或VDS3mg／m^2／d1-8。对照组42例小细胞肺癌以CE方案为主,非小细胞肺癌以MVP或NP方案为主,全组治疗均在3个周期以上,可评价疗效。结果：近期客观疗效：治疗组42例,CR＋PR32例,总有效率76．1％;对照组CR＋PR17例,总有效率40．4％。两组近期疗效比较有非常显著差异（P＜0．01）;治疗组中位缓解期6．5个月,对照组中位缓解期4.2个月,两组比较有显著差异（P＜0．05）。远期疗效：治疗组中位生存14．6个月,对照组中位生存11．5个月,有显著性差异（P＜0．05）,化疗毒副反应两组无差异。结论：按照细胞周期动力学作用,将细胞周期非特并性药物进行BAI联合细胞周期特异性药物外周静脉化疗,治疗中晚期肺癌,可以提高疗效及中位生存期,未增长毒副反应,利于临床推广使用。     

羟基喜树碱联合草酸铂、亚叶酸钙和5-氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期大肠癌的临床观察

目的 观察羟基喜树碱联合草酸铂（艾恒）、亚叶酸钙和5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）组成的HLFO方案治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法 31例晚期大肠癌患者：艾恒150mg／m^2（第1天），亚叶酸钙100mg／m^2，5-Fu 500mg／m^2，羟基喜树碱10mg／m^2，连用5d，21d为1周期，每个病例至少接受2个周期化疗。结果 31例患者中完全缓解（CR）2例（15.5％），部分缓解（PR）10例（32．2％），稳定（SD）11例（35.4％），进展（PD）8例（11．1％），总有效率RR（CR＋PR）12例（47．7％），该方案主要毒性反应为骨髓抑制和神经毒性，白细胞下降（67．7％），其中Ⅲ、Ⅳ度为25．8％，有61．3％出现周围神经病。结论该方案具有较好的疗效和耐受性，能提高患者生活质量。     

经左锁骨下动脉留置导管肝动脉化疗栓塞加灌注治疗结直肠癌肝转移疗效观察

目的评价经左锁骨下动脉留置导管肝动脉化疗栓塞加灌注治疗内科化疗无效的结直肠癌肝转移患者临床价值。方法50例结直肠癌肝转移患者均采用经左锁骨下动脉留置导管肝动脉化疗栓塞加灌注,共介入治疗124周期,化疗方案为奥沙利铂＋5-氟尿嘧啶,栓塞剂采用超液化碘油。所有患者每次介入治疗前均行增强CT测量肿瘤大小,检测肿瘤标记物（CEA,CA199,CA724）。采用RECIST标准评价疗效,Kaplan-Meier计算生存率。结果本组患者完全缓解（CR）2例（4%）,部分缓解（PR）15例（30%）,病变稳定（SD）10例（20%）,病变进展（PD）23例（46%）,总有效率（CR＋PR）34%（17例）。1年生存率82%,2年生存率30%。从诊断肝转移始中位生存期38个月,从介入治疗始中位生存期22个月,中位无进展生存期10个月。结论经左锁骨下动脉留置导管肝动脉化疗栓塞加灌注是治疗内科化疗无效结直肠癌肝转移患者的有效方法。     

mFOLFOX6方案治疗21例晚期大肠癌

目的评价国产奥沙利铂（L-OHL）联合亚叶酸钙（CF）及氟脲嘧啶（5-Fu）组成的mFOLFOX6方案治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效和毒副作用。方法给予L-OHP100mg／m^2静脉点滴3h，CF200mg／m^2静脉点滴2h，5-Fu2400-2800mg／m^246h泵控持续静脉点滴。每3周重复1次，用药2个周期后评价疗效及毒副作用。结果21例患者中，完全缓解（CR）1例，部分缓解（PR）8例，稳定（SD）6例，进展（PD）6例，总有效率（RR）42．9％（9／21）。毒副反应主要是末梢神经毒性、恶心呕吐、骨髓抑制等，患者均可耐受。结论mFOLFOX6方案治疗晚期大肠癌疗效较好，毒副反应可以耐受。     

FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期大肠癌前瞻性研究

目的评价FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期大肠癌的临床疗效。方法采用草酸铂（OXA）85mg／m^2静脉滴注2h，第1天；亚叶酸钙（CF）200mg／m^2，静脉滴注2h，第1、2天；5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）400mg／m^2，静脉推注后续以600mg／m^2持续静脉点滴22h，第1、2天的方案治疗32例晚期大肠癌。2周为一周期，重复4周期后间隔1个月评定疗效。结果32例患者平均治疗6．75周期，完全缓解1例（3．13％），部分缓解13例（40．62％），稳定10例（31．25％），有效率43．75％，临床获益率75％，中位无疾病进展时间7个月，中位生存期15．1个月，1年生存率34．6％，治疗有效病例、治疗无效病例中位生存期分别为17．2和9．6个月，二者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。白细胞减少为主要毒副反应（81．2％），其次为胃肠道反应（53．1％），周围神经毒性发生率为37．5％，多数为Ⅰ度，均不影响治疗。结论FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期大肠癌，尤其是肝转移患者有较好疗效，毒副反应可耐受，可作为晚期大肠癌首选化疗方案。     

肝动脉药物灌注加化疗栓塞治疗胆囊癌肝转移疗效评价

目的评价肝动脉药物灌注加化疗栓塞治疗胆囊癌肝转移患者临床价值。方法30例胆囊癌肝转移患者均采用肝动脉药物灌注加化疗栓塞,共介入治疗110周期,化疗药物为吉西他滨＋顺铂,栓塞剂采用超液化碘油。所有患者每次介入治疗前均行增强CT测量肿瘤大小,采用RECIST标准评价疗效。采用Kaplan-Meier计算生存率。随访期限直至患者死亡。结果本组患者完全缓解（CR）3%（1例）,部分缓解（PR）50%（15例）,病变稳定（SD）20%（6例）,病变进展（PD）27%（8例）,总有效率（CR＋PR）53%（16例）。1年生存率60%,2年生存率20%。介入治疗始中位生存期13月,中位无进展生存期11月。结论肝动脉药物灌注加化疗栓塞是治疗无法手术切除胆囊癌肝转移患者的有效方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.