臂丛麻醉下手法松解治疗冻结肩的床研究

目的探讨臂丛麻醉下手法松解治疗冻结肩的效果及机制.方法对90例(92肩)冻结肩进行臂丛麻醉下手法松解,28肩在松解前进行肩关节造影,5肩于关节功能完全恢复后,再次进行肩关节造影.结果随访8～43个月,手法松解92肩,优86肩,良6肩,差0肩.3例出现麻醉并发症.造影显示,松解前关节腔容积明显变小,平均7ml,关节囊粘连挛缩,以腋隐窝及肱二头肌长头腱鞘最严重.康复后关节造影显示,关节囊边缘光滑,未见造影剂外渗.结论臂丛麻醉下手法松解治疗冻结肩疗效显著.麻醉后运用手法可充分松解关节囊内粘连,松解过程中撕裂的关节囊在患肩主动功能锻炼过程中,可获得重新修复.     

手法松解加关节囊注射治疗冻结肩200例

目的探讨冻结肩治疗方法。方法对2000年～2002年三年中采用在臂丛神经麻醉下手法松解加关节囊注射治疗的200例冻结肩进行随访观察。结果优良率达98％。结论该方法是治疗冻结肩较为快捷有效的方法。     

臂丛麻醉下一次性手法松解治疗冻结肩480例

臂丛麻醉下一次性手法松解治疗冻结肩４８０例白求恩医科大学第二临床学院（长春１３００４１）张学华，白云深，孙树东冻结肩是中老年人的常见病，主要临床表现是肩痛和功能障碍。笔者自１９８２年至１９９５年对４８０例冻结肩患者在臂丛麻醉下（肌间沟法）施行手法松解...     

臂丛麻醉下手法松解配合关节内注射透明质酸钠治疗冻结期肩周炎

目的 探讨臂丛麻醉下手法松解配合关节内注射透明质酸钠治疗冻结期肩周炎的疗效。方法 自2000年1月至2005年6月对42例冻结期肩周炎患者采用臂丛麻醉下手法松解配合关节内注射透明质酸钠治疗,术后早期开始肩关节功能练习。结果 随访10—28个月,平均15,2个月,优良率为95,2％。结论 冻结期肩周炎患者采用臂丛麻醉下手法松解配合关节内注射透明质酸钠治疗,术后早期开始肩关节功能练习,能达到充分缓解疼痛和恢复肩关节的功能,是治疗冻结期肩周炎的有效方法。     

麻醉下手法松解并关节内注射玻璃酸钠治疗冻结肩体会

目的 探讨麻醉下手法松解并关节内注射玻璃酸钠治疗冻结肩的疗效.方法 自2004年6月-2006年8月对100例冻结肩患者采用麻醉下手法松解并关节内注射玻璃酸钠治疗,术后早期的理疗和肩关节功能练习.结果 随访3-26月,平均14个月,优良率为98%.结论 冻结肩僵硬期患者采用麻醉下手法松解配合关节内液压扩张注射玻璃酸钠治疗,术后早期的理疗和功能练习,显著缩短病程,缓解疼痛,恢复患肩的正常功能,是治疗冻结肩僵硬期的较佳方法.     

镇痛泵持续臂丛阻滞联合手法松解治疗冻结肩的临床观察

目的:观察镇痛泵持续臂丛阻滞联合手法松解治疗冻结肩的临床效果。方法:48例患者采用痛点阻滞、臂丛阻滞、手法松解联合治疗冻结肩,术后镇痛泵持续臂丛阻滞,治疗前后进行评估、统计分析。结果:通过分析治疗前后的临床表现,结果显示:优31例,良13例,优良率91.0％,一般4例,未见无效病例。结论:镇痛泵持续臂丛阻滞下行手法松解冻结肩是一种方法简便、并发症少的良好治疗方法。     

冻结肩治疗——麻醉下手法松解是否足够?

目的评价麻醉下手法松解(MUA)结合肩关节镜技术治疗冻结肩的临床疗效和技术特点。方法我院自2007年2月至2009年3月采用MUA结合肩关节镜治疗100例原发性冻结肩患者。其中男性35例,女性65例;平均年龄45.24±4.2岁;平均病程为8个月(3～20个月)。术前和术后均采用美国肩肘外科医师协会(ASES)评分和Constant-Murley评分对患者进行临床评估。结果术后2周、1个月、3个月、6个月和12个月定期随访,87例完成6个月随访,13例失访;35例完成12个月随访。根据ASES评分和Constant-Murley评分,术前、术后3个月及6个月评分有显著性差异(P<0.001),术后3个月与术后6个月评分无显著差异(P>0.05)。肩关节镜下发现,MUA对关节囊前方及前上方的松解程度不够,对关节囊下方的松解效果较好。结论 MUA结合肩关节镜技术治疗冻结肩的疗效肯定。肩关节镜技术有助于MUA后对前方关节囊的进一步松解,同时可明确诊断关节内伴有损伤,并进行处理。     

手法松解与液压扩张治疗冻结肩之对比观察

目的：进一步提高冻结肩的治疗效果,缩短疗程,减少并发症。方法：４４个冻结肩进行臂丛麻醉下一次性手法松解,另４４个冻结肩进行局麻下肩关节腔内液压扩张治疗,比较２种治疗方法的效果及优缺点。结果：随访时间８～２２个月。手法松解组,优９５５％,平均康复时间１４周,２例患者出现麻醉并发症;液压扩张组,优７７３％,平均康复时间１０周,无并发症出现。２组病例轻中型疗效无明显差别（Ｐ＞００５）,重型病例疗效差异显著（Ｐ＜００５）。结论：轻中型冻结肩及伴有严重肩部骨质疏松者宜首选液压扩张疗法治疗;重型病例运用手法松解疗法效果更佳。     

冻结肩松解推拿致臂丛神经损伤2例

冻结肩松解推拿致臂丛神经损伤２例解放军１５０中心医院（洛阳４７１０３１）王培申例１，女，４７岁。因外伤后左肩部活动受限，Ｘ线未见异常。在臂丛麻醉下，行患肩松解术。病人正坐在靠背椅上，一手握拿患侧前臂，使其患侧上臂手法需要被动前屈，后伸，内收，外展９０...     

麻醉下分次手术松解治疗冻结肩33例报告

麻醉下分次手术松解治疗冻结肩３３例报告陕俊平笔者自１９８７～１９９３年选择肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞下分次手法松解治疗冻结肩３３例，疗效满意，报告如下。临床资料：本组３３例，共３５肩，其中男１４例，女１９例，有两例系双肩患病。左肩１９例，右肩１６例，年龄４４...     

深圳市某两所小学流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学分析

目的：通过对深圳市某两所小学发生的流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学特点及差异性进行分析,为制定科学、高效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法2013年5～7月深圳市大鹏新区某两所小学爆发流行性腮腺炎,以学校为整体研究对象,分别标记为学校A（24个班,学生1210例）和学校B（27个班,学生1274例）,对比两所小学的疫情流行病学差异性。结果分析发现,学校A流行性腮腺炎发病率为4.30%,发病班级所占比54.17%,均较学校B1.73%和29.63%高,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;分析显示学校A学生出现疫病平均年龄为（11.2±1.1）岁,较学校B（9.34±1.0）岁,对比差异明显（P＜0.05）;且两组疫病患儿在接种疫苗率对比上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;但疫情发生时,学校B疫苗紧急接种率明显高于学校A,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论小学作为流行性腮腺炎爆发的主要场所之一,疫病爆发高峰季节前,针对易感染人群给予相应的疫苗接种等预防控制措施,同时加强流行性腮腺炎的监测,对于降低感染人群数量,减轻、遏制疫情有着积极的意义,值得相关防控部门重视。     

不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效分析

目的：探讨不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效。方法：2008年3月-2013年2月收治指尖离断患者80例,38例吻合指侧方静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1或1：2或2：2,平均1：2;22例吻合指腹静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1;20例未吻合静脉,术中仅吻合1条动脉,行侧切口或甲床放血。观察各组治疗效果。结果：吻合指侧方静脉组手指全部成活,无一例发生回流障碍;吻合指腹静脉组19例发生静脉危象,其中4例手指坏死;未吻合静脉组20例均发生回流障碍,其中6例手指坏死。58例获随访,随访时间6~28个月。吻合指侧方静脉组32例,指尖外形佳、指腹饱满;吻合指腹静脉组14例,指体轻度萎缩,指甲生长不平整;未吻合静脉组12例,指体萎缩明显。吻合指侧方静脉组指甲生长近平整,长度长于其他两组[（14.4±3.2）mm比（12.5±2.3）mm和（12.2±2.2）mm],远侧指间关节活动度大于其他两组[（63±5）°比（48±3）°和（45±7）°],两点分辨觉小于其他两组[（4.6±0.4）mm比（7.1±1.2）mm和（7.3±0.6）mm],感觉级别高于其他两组[S（3.45±0.39）级比S（2.57±0.42）级和S（2.55±0.49）级],差异均具有显著性（P〈0.05）。吻合指腹静脉组和未吻合静脉组在指甲长度、运动和感觉方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：吻合指侧方静脉能有效解决指尖再植静脉回流问题,可避免回流障碍,成活率高,促进指甲生长,可恢复 DIPJ 活动度及感觉。     

Frequency of complications of manipulation of the spine

Summary A survey of all members of the Swiss Medical Association of Manual Medicine was undertaken for the year 1989. Informative data were given by 425 respondents on the frequency of complications of manipulation as related to the spine. The number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations during 1989 (225 working days) was 805 for each respondent, and the number manipulations of the cervical spine 354. Thus, the total number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations was 342 125, and the total number of cervical manipulations was 150 450. The overall incidence of side-effects of transient complications due to cervical spine manipulation such as disturbance of consciousness or radicular signs was 1: 16716. Seventeen patients (ratio 1: 20 125) after manipulation of the lumbar spine presented, in addition to increased pain, a transient sensorimotor deficit with precise radicular distribution. Nine of the 17 patients (ratio 1: 38013) developed a progressive radicular syndrome with sensorimotor defict and radiologically verified disc herniation and had to be referred for surgery. Side effects and complications of cervical and lumbar spine manipulation are rare. Taking in to account the yearly number of manipulations performed by a single physician in Switzerland and the rate of complications, it can be calculated that a physician practicing manual medicine will encoutner one complication due to manipulation of the cervical spine in 47 years and one complication due to lumbar spine manipulation in 38 years of practice. However, it is important that a careful clinical assessment is carried out to avoid complications due to manipulation carried out on the basis of inappropriate indications. Furthermore, the decision as to which technique is indicated for any particular functional disorder of the spine should be made on the basis of rational criteria resting on a knowledge of clinical biomechanics, functional anatomy and neurophysiology. The authors recommend a prospective morbidity study to be carried out among physicians, chiropractors, osteopaths and physiotherapists, taking into account the different indications and therapeutic techniques in relation to complications.     

Pathogenesis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater

Most adenomas and carcinomas of the small intestine and extrahepatic bile ducts arise in the region of the papilla of Vater. In familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) it is the main location for carcinomas after proctocolectomy. In many cases symptoms due to stenosis lead to diagnosis at an early tumor stage. In about 80%, curative intended resection is possible. Operability is the most relevant prognostic factor. Most ampullary carcinomas resp. carcinomas of the papilla of Vater develop from adenomatous or flat dysplastic precursor lesions. They can be sited in the ampulloduodenal part of the papilla of Vater, which is lined by intestinal mucosa. They also can develop in deeper parts of the ampulla, which are lined by pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa. Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and pancreaticobiliary-type adenocarcinoma represent the main histological types of ampullary carcinoma. Furthermore, there exist unusual types and undifferentiated carcinomas. Many carcinomas of intestinal type express the immunohistochemical marker profile of intestinal mucosa (keratin 7–, keratin 20+, MUC2+). Carcinomas of pancreaticobiliary type usually show the immunohistochemical profile of pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa (keratin 7+, keratin 20–, MUC2–). Even poorly differentiated carcinomas, as well as unusual histological types, may conserve the marker profile of the mucosa they developed from. These findings underline the concept of histogenetically different carcinomas of the papilla of Vater which develop either from intestinal- or from pancreaticobiliary-type mucosa of the papilla of Vater. Molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas are similar to those of colorectal as well as pancreatic carcinomas, although they appear at different frequencies. In future studies, molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas should be correlated closely with the different histologic tumor types. Consequently, the histologic classification should reflect the histogenesis of ampullary tumors from the two different types of papillary mucosa.     

静脉皮瓣成活过程的实验研究

我们以兔为实验动物，通过微循环观察及血管内灌注填充剂，研究静脉皮瓣的成活过程。这一过程可分为２个阶段。第一阶段（术后７２小时内）为静脉血营养期：静脉血由静脉干通过小静脉吻合支、微静脉干间吻合支及终末微静脉吻合支回流至另一静脉。术后４８小时内毛细血管内无血液运动。第二阶段（术后７２小时～６周）为动脉血营养及血管改造期：术后７２小时新生血管开始向皮瓣内生长。术后７２无皮瓣动脉同主要来自皮瓣周围正常组织内的新生血管吻合使动脉血分布于整个皮瓣，这是静脉皮瓣成活的关键     

Management of sequelae of septic arthritis of hip

A nine years old boy, who had suffered septic arthritis at the age of two years and presented now with a limp, hip instability, leg length discrepancy. The patient was treated by adductor tenotomy and upper tibial pin traction. When head remnant reached the level of the acetabulum, open reduction and Pemberton osteotomy was done to achieve cover of the femoral head. The purpose of this report is to highlight the six years followup of reconstruction of sequale of septic arthritis of hip joint.     

Catamnestic study of childless patients of the Department of Andrology of Hamburg-Eppendorf University Hosptal

By means of a questionnaire, we carried out a catamnestic study of 1419 patients with a complaint of infertility. 27 per cent of the replying patients reported about the birth of children. 343 patients (38%) reported about one or more conceptions. Compared with previous studies, this investigation shows better results of therapies. We interprete this to be caused in better possibilities of therapy, esp. the Kallikrein therapy.     

主动脉窦瘤破裂外科治疗的临床研究

目的　探讨主动脉窦瘤破裂局部病理改变及其合并主动脉瓣关闭不全的手术方法。方法　 3 6例主动脉窦瘤破裂 (RASV)合并主动脉瓣关闭不全 (AI) 15例、室间隔缺损 (VSD) 2 6例。补片修补 3 5例 ,其中合并VSD的均以一片法修补 ,合并AI的主动脉瓣置换 (AVR) 6例 ,主动脉瓣成形 4例。手术取材作病理检查 5例。结果　本组 3 6例中手术死亡 2例 ( 5 .6% )。存活的 3 4例病人均经门诊复查或通信随访 0 .3～ 18年 ,其中 2例死亡。病理检查见RASV合并VSD的瘤壁为纤维素样坏死或玻璃样变性。结论　主动脉窦壁纤维素样或玻璃样变性可能是其形成的病理基础。合并主动脉瓣关闭不全时应探查其病变程度 ,酌情一期矫正 ,瓣膜损伤明显时宜行主动脉瓣置换 ,对主动脉瓣环细小的病例 ,可借修补VSD和RASV的补片扩大主动脉瓣环。     

骨盆骨折的治疗进展

对于骨盆骨折的治疗 ,传统方法以卧硬板床 ,股骨髁上持续骨牵引 ,骨盆兜等保守治疗为主 ,常常引起下肢不等长 ,骶髋痛 ,步态失常等而严重影响生活质量 ,同时长期卧床易引发肺部感染、褥疮、应激性溃疡、泌尿系统结石等并发症而危及生命。下面就骨盆骨折的治疗进展作一综述。1     

Oddi括约肌肌电活动实验模型的建立

目的建立研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动的动物模型和实验方法。方法将双极金属钩状电极通过浆膜层置入Oddi括约肌，记录不同条件干预下家兔的Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号，调整电生理实验参数并经放大、滤波及计算机处理后，对其大小、波形、幅度进行分析。结果不同条件干预下的家兔Oddi括约肌的肌电活动在波形、频率、幅度等方面均有明显的不同，具有明显的规律性。重复实验可得到相似的结果。结论使用双极金属钩状电极配以合理的电生理实验参数调整可以稳定地采集到在体的家兔Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号。这为今后广泛、深入地研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动搭建了一个技术平台。