A comparison of spur valve and percutaneous enterostomy in Roux-Y portoente rostomy for biliary atresia

目的　对肝门空肠吻合加空肠胆支造瘘术与加胆支防返流瓣成形术 ,这两种术式的优缺点进行比较。方法　A组 2 4例胆道闭锁行肝门空肠Roux Y吻合 ,空肠胆支造瘘术。B组为另外 2 4例行肝门空肠Roux Y吻合 ,空肠胆支防返流瓣成形术。对这两组术后情况进行回顾性分析。结果　A组 10例存活 ,无黄疸 9例 ,最大的已 9岁 ,1例出现肝脾肿大、食道静脉曲张。 1例带黄疸存活并出现门脉高压 ,现已 8岁。B组存活 10例 ,其中无黄疸存活 8例。结论　两组病例术后排胆汁 (或排黄绿色大便 )时间、胆管炎发生次数等临床表现进行了比较。排胆汁时间相似 ,无显著差异。术后胆管炎发生率也无显著差异。两种手术都有防返流作用 ,而空肠胆支防返流瓣免除了经皮肤的空肠胆支造瘘。     

胆道闭锁手术空肠胆支造瘘与防返流瓣的比较研究

目的：为对肝门空肠吻合加空肠胆支造瘘术与加胆支防返流瓣成形术,这两种术式的优缺点进行比较。方法：４８例胆道闭锁分为两组。Ａ组２４例胆道闭锁行肝门空肠Ｒｏｕｘ－Ｙ吻合,空肠胆支造瘘术。Ｂ组为另外２４例行肝门空肠Ｒｏｕｘ－Ｙ吻合,空肠胆支防返流瓣成形术,对这两组术后情况进行回顾性分析,结果：Ａ组９例存活,均无黄疸,最长的已９年,１例出现肝脾肿大、食道静脉曲张。现已８岁。Ｂ组存活１０例,其中无黄疸存活８     

胆道闭锁术后并发胆管炎的观察与护理

目的总结胆道闭锁术后护理经验。方法对35例胆道闭锁施行肝门空肠Roux-Y吻合、空肠胆支防返流瓣成形术后患儿进行临床观察与护理。结果35例手术患儿有17例发生轻重不同的胆管炎,经治疗,全部治愈。现35例中28例存活,其中21例无黄疸存活,7例仍有轻度黄疸。结论早期量管炎直接影响预后,护理及观察的重点是在术后及时发现胆管炎前兆症状;胆管炎发生后,合理使用抗生素,防治二重感染等各项护理。     

胆道闭锁诊治8年回顾

目的：对１０２例胆道闭锁诊治分析，总结提高疗效的因素。方法：观察大便颜色，体查，Ｂ超及ＥＣＴ。基本术式为肝门空肠吻合术，ＫａｓａｉⅠ式（肝门空肠ＲｏｕｘＹ吻合术）１０例，ＫａｓｉⅡ式（肝门胆囊吻合术）２例，Ｓｕｒｕｇａ术式（肝门空肠吻合术，空肠皮肤造瘘术）６０例，ＫａｓａｉⅠ式加防返流瓣２０例。单纯行肝活检９例，肝移植１例。结果：８９例术后有胆汁排出，最多平均１００～２００ｍＬ／ｄ，再次行肝门空肠吻合１９例，１０例术后重新有胆汁排出。存活３８例，最长８年半，无黄疸生存２５例。结论：提高疗效的关键是早期诊断，争取４０～６０ｄ内手术。术中正确解剖肝门，术后积极防治胆管炎     

带蒂空肠活瓣成形用于间置胆管空肠吻合抗返流的临床研究

目的:探讨带蒂空肠瓣预防Roux-en-Y胆肠吻合术(CJ)术后返流性胆管炎的可行性及临床疗效。方法:在CJ术同时施行带蒂空肠瓣成形术30例,其中男性17例,女性13例;平均年龄38岁,严格遵循CJ适应证及手术原则,将胆支空肠预作Y型吻合、系膜缘侧2cm处向对系膜缘侧前后肠壁作等腰三角形切除,近侧游离断端封闭,远侧游离断端与胃十二指肠支空肠作端端吻合,两支空肠并行固定。胆支空肠下端斜形断面与胃十二指肠支空肠肠壁形成的斜形隔和胆支空肠下端开口处空肠粘膜皱襞形成带蒂空肠瓣。术后效果恢复良好,通过碘液胆管造影、钡餐胃肠道造影、随访返流性胆管炎临床表现,观察带蒂空肠瓣抗返流情况。结果:带蒂空肠瓣引流通畅、排空好、无返流,无返流性胆管炎临床表现。结论:带蒂空肠瓣手术安全,无直接手术并发症,抗返流效果确切,缩短了胆支空肠长度。     

先天性胆总管囊肿再手术原因及预防

目的：分析先天性胆总管囊肿术后再手术原因及其预防措施。方法：对我院1981年到1999年收治的112例先天性胆总管囊肿中再手术病例进行回顾性分析。结果：112例中再手术11例。早期再手术4例,为胆总管囊肿切除、胆道重建术后2－4d发生切口裂开、吻合口瘘、辅助外引流不畅等。远期因吻合口狭窄和盲袢综合征再手术各1例,单纯囊肿引流术后返流性胆道感染再手术5例（其中4例行胆总管囊肿切除、胆肠Roux-Y吻合术,另1例因胆总管穿孔引流术后腹腔广泛粘连作了囊肿空肠Roux-Y式吻合术）,5例均于术中胆管空肠袢加做套叠瓣,全部获得治愈。结论：胆肠对等吻合、缝合严密和通畅引流可减少早期再手术;胆道返流、吻合口狭窄和盲袢存在是远期再手术的主要原因。囊肿切除、胆肠Roux-Y吻合套叠瓣成形术可有效预防术后逆行性胆道感染。     

间置胆囊肝管空肠吻合在内引流中应用16例报告

所谓间置胆囊肝管空肠吻合 ,即采用右前叶扩张的肝管在胆囊床部造瘘 ,将胆囊与空肠吻合 ,引流胆汁 ,达到减轻或消除黄疸的作用。我院自 1994年8月以来 ,对 16例梗阻性黄疸患者行间置胆囊肝管空肠吻合 ,临床效果满意。现报道如下。1　资料和方法1.1　一般资料　本组 16例 ,男 11例 ,女 5例 ;年龄4 0ｄ～ 6 7岁 ,平均 5 2岁 ;肝门部胆管癌晚期 6例 ,胰头或壶腹癌不能切除 5例 ,继发性高位胆管狭窄伴肝门部粘连 2例 ,先天性胆道闭锁 2例 ,原发性硬化性胆管炎 1例。均经手术探查证实 ,所有病人均表现有不同程度的梗阻性黄疸。1.2　手术方法　取…     

小儿先天性胆总管扩张症51例的治疗体会

目的：总结囊肿切除、胆道重建术治疗小儿先天性胆总管扩张症的经验。方法：51例先天性胆总管扩张症患儿,年龄2个月~12岁,采用囊肿切除（包括胆囊切除）、肝总管空肠Roux-Y吻合术治疗。结果：51例均痊愈出院,其中胆瘘1例,经充分引流后获愈出院。42例随访3个月~1年,1例术后8个月发生肠粘连致空肠胆支系膜血管受压,予行胆支部分切除吻合后痊愈出院,3例患儿偶有腹痛,余患儿未出现腹痛、黄疸、发热等症状。结论：囊肿切除、肝总管空肠Roux-Y吻合术是治疗先天性胆总管扩张症的理想术式。     

先天性胆管扩张症三种胆道重建术式并发症比较

目的 分析3种胆道重建术式并发症发生率，探讨最佳的胆道重建术式。方法 对65例先天性胆管扩张症病例进行分析：Ⅰ组中单纯肝管空肠Roux-y吻合术23例与肝管空肠Roux-y吻合术＋抗返流瓣术42例进行比较；Ⅱ组中两种不同抗返流瓣术比较（改良Roux-y吻合术17例与矩型瓣术25例）。结果 Ⅰ组中返流性胆管炎发生率差异有...     

短桥袢胆肠Roux-Y吻合附加抗返流装置38例临床观察

1986年4月～1990年4月对38例肝内或肝外胆管结石合并胆总管远端及肝内胆管狭窄者,施行肝外或肝门胆管广泛切开、短桥袢胆肠Roux-Y吻合附加抗返流装置成形术,随访1～5年,效果良好,无消化性溃疡发生.本术式可达到清除病灶、解除狭窄、畅通引流、阻止肠液返流的目的,认为肝内胆管狭窄是胆道感染复发的根本原因.并对桥袢最佳长度进行了初步探讨.     

A new operation for noncorrectable biliary atresia

An improved operative technique to transect the fibrous cord by dividing the ligamentum venosum (Arantius' canal) is described for noncorrectable biliary atresia. The Arantius' canal is situated cranial and posterior side to the bifurcation of the umbilical portion and the portal branch of the Quinous' segment 3. The portal vein is fully mobile and the porta hepatis can be widely exposed by dividing the Arantius' canal. The fibrous cord of the porta hepatis can easily be dissected posteriorly and laterally where there is an extensive number of bile ducts. Eight patients with biliary atresia underwent this procedure. Jaundice resolved completely (serum total bilirubin concentration: < or = 1 mg/dl) in 7 patients within 40 days. Postoperative cholangitis did not occur. By dividing the Arantius' canal, the portal vein comes free from the portal fissure to make the hepatic hilum wider, and surgeons are able to work within a larger porta hepatic space without causing portal vein compression. Free drainage of the bile from the porta hepatis may prevent postoperative cholangitis and promote resolution of jaundice.     

Jaundice clearance and cholangitis in the first year following portoenterostomy for biliary atresia

Sixty-one patients with biliary atresia, who underwent portoenterostomy (PE) between 1992 to 1998 in the Institute of Pediatrics, Kuala Lumpur and were followed for a period of one year, were studied to analyze the factors associated with jaundice clearance and cholangitis following PE. Sex distribution was equal. Majority of patients were Malays. Mean age in days at admission to the surgical ward was 66.90 +/- 23.36 and mean age at PE was 75.85 +/- 24.05. At the end of one-year follow-up, six patients (10%) had died, 35 (57%) developed one or more attacks of cholangitis, 35 (57%) had portal hypertension, eight (13%) liver failure and six patients had esophageal variceal bleeding. Thirty-three patients (54%) had jaundice clearance with a mean clearance time of 85 days after PE. The study shows that when the ductules in the porta hepatis were < 150 mu in size, persistence of jaundice after PE and the incidence of cholangitis in the first post-operative year were higher; patients with cholangitis in the first year had lower rate of jaundice clearance. Jaundice clearance was achieved in more patients when their postnatal age at the time of PE was lower but the relationship was not linear. Age at PE also did not have a linear temporal relationship to the incidence of cholangitis and the size of portal ductules. Prospective, multi-center based local studies on a bigger patient population are needed to identify other indicators of successful outcome following PE. This would help to define the indications for primary liver transplantation in the local population.     

胆囊结石合并黄疸329例临床分析

目的：旨在提高胆囊结石伴黄疸患者的诊断和治疗水平。方法：回顾性分析1997～2006年我院收治的胆囊结石伴黄疸329例的临床资料。结果：208例有典型的急性化脓性胆管炎表现者中,行胆囊切除及胆总管探查、“T”型管引流术者102例;经内窥镜行Oddi括约肌切开、鼻胆管引流,然后行胆囊切除及胆总管探查、“T”型管引流术者56例;经内窥镜治疗后胆总管结石排出而行胆囊切除术者50例。121例无典型化脓性胆管炎表现者中行胆囊切除及胆总管探查、“T”型管引流术者24例;经内窥镜行鼻胆管引流,然后行胆囊切除术者56例;经胆囊管行术中胆道造影显示胆管无异常,行胆囊切除术者21例;先行保守治疗,黄疸消退后再行胆囊切除术者16例;单纯行胆囊切除术后黄疸加重在内窥镜下行鼻胆管引流者4例。结论：当胆囊结石并发梗阻性化脓性胆管炎时,多行胆囊切除和胆总管探查术,或先在内窥镜下行Oddi括约肌切开及鼻胆管引流术,然后行胆囊切除术或同时行胆总管探查术,首要目的均是尽快进行胆道减压和引流,以解除胆道梗阻。胆囊结石伴黄疸但无典型化脓性胆管炎表现时,不宜轻易地行胆囊切除术,应充分应用包括逆行胰胆管造影在内的影像学检查仔细调查胆道情况,恰当选择鼻胆管引流和胆总管探查术,以获得理想的治疗效果。     

Diagnosis and treatment of binary injury caused by laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Binaryinjuryisthemostcommonandseriouscomplicationinlaparoscopiccholecystectomy(LC).Ithasbeenreportedthatincidenceofbinaryinjuryisapproximately0.32%--1.3%L"ZJ.Thediagnosisandtreatmentoftheinjuryisdifficultforithasvariouscharacteristicsandduetodifferentreasons.FromSeptember,1992toAugust,1998.23patientswithbinaryinjurycausedbyl-Cwerediagnosedandtreatedinourdepartment.Thisstudywasconductedtosummarizeourexperienceindiagnosisandtreatmentoftheinjury.MATERIALSANDMETHODSAtotalof23patientswe…     

门静脉癌栓累及范围与肝功能分级的相关性分析

目的:探讨原发性肝癌合并门静脉一级及二级分支癌栓(PVTT)患者,经肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗前后肝功能分级变化特点。方法:回顾分析254例原发性肝癌病例,根据门静脉有无癌栓及癌栓累及范围分A、B、C 3组,总结TACE治疗后肝功能分级变化的特点。结果:门静脉无癌栓83例(A组);癌栓累及门静脉一级分支39例(B组)、癌栓累及门静脉二级分支64例(C组)。TACE术后3组肝功能分级变化有差异。结论:TACE影响原发性肝癌合并门静脉二级分支癌栓病例治疗前后肝功能分级。     

血清CA19-9与前白蛋白对胆总管结石梗阻性黄疸患者发生急性胆管炎的预测价值

目的 探讨血清CA19-9以及肝功能相关指标对胆总管结石梗阻性黄疸患者发生急性胆管炎的预测价值。方法 回顾分析2016年1月至2019年6月延安大学附属医院306例因胆总管结石梗阻性黄疸患者相关资料。根据入院24 h后是否发生急性胆管炎(诊断标准依据2018版东京急性胆道感染指南), 分为急性胆管炎组(123例)和梗阻性黄疸组(183例)。比较两组患者年龄、性别及收入院后初次测得的WBC、CA19-9、PA、TBiL、DBiL、GGT、ALP、AST、ALT指标进行统计学分析。选取有统计学意义的指标构建受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线, 计算曲线下面积及评价其对急性胆管炎诊断的敏感度和特异度。结果 急性胆管炎组患者血清CA19-9、PA、GGT与梗阻性黄疸组比较, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示, 血清CA19-9、PA、GGT对应曲线下面积分别为0.787、0.736、0.655, 对应诊断的准确度最高的临界值分别为48.52 KU/L、156.9 mg/L、224.0 U/L;敏感度分别为79.7%、80.5%、79.7%;特异度分别为78.7%、56.8%、44.8%。结论 血清CA19-9升高、PA降低对胆总管结石梗阻性黄疸患者发生急性胆管炎有较大的早期预测价值, 但PA降低对其诊断的特异性低, 血清CA19-9、PA亦可能是急性胆管炎的非特异性炎性标记物。     

大鼠梗阻性黄疸及其肝切除时入肝血流阻断时限研究

目的探讨在门静脉未转流下梗阻性黄疸及其肝切除时第一肝门阻断耐受时限。方法胆总管结扎3d后72只大鼠,随机分6组行手术,检测各组术后血清转氨酶、肝组织匀浆中黄嘌呤氧化酶含量、肝组织病理学变化、肝细胞增殖细胞核抗原表达,术后1周内各组动物生存只数。结果胆道梗阻3d大鼠第一肝门阻断15min以内,术后1周全部存活;肝叶切除时第一肝门阻断15min,术后1周多数死亡。结论梗阻性黄疸大鼠在门静脉未转流下常温入肝血流阻断（PTC）时限应〈15min,如行肝叶切除,PTC时限应〈10min。     

直肠癌根治术后双重介入化疗的疗效分析

目的　探讨直肠癌根治术后双侧髂内动脉加门静脉灌注化疗的临床效果。方法　将 12 9例DukesB、C期直肠癌根治术患者随机分为两组 ,术后灌注化疗组 (A组 ) 69例 ,术后全身化疗组 (B组 ) 60例 ,均行 5 -FU加MMC化疗方案。结果　术后 1年内两组在局部复发率、肝转移率、生存率等方面差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;但术后 3年在肝转移率、生存率方面A组明显优于B组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　直肠癌根治术后双重介入灌注化疗优于全身化疗。