顶空气相色谱法测定医疗注射器械中环氧乙烷的残留量

目的探讨应用顶空气相色谱测定法测定医疗注射器械中的环氧乙烷浓度。方法HP-5色谱柱（30m×250μm×0．25μm）分离,氢火焰离子化检测器（FID）检测,柱温为120℃,保持8min：进样口温度为200℃检测器温度为250℃。结果环氧乙烷在5～50μm范围内呈线性关系,相关系数r=0．994,最低检出浓度为1μg／g;相对标准偏差为1．7％-5．6％。结论该方法灵敏度、准确度均达到有机溶剂残留量测定的要求,可用于输液器、注射器中环氧乙烷残留量的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定利脑心胶囊中葛根素的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定利脑心胶囊中葛根素的含量。方法：色谱柱为Novo—PakC18（250mm×3．9mm，4μm）；流动相为甲醇：水（25：75），检测波长：250nm；柱温：30℃；流速：0.8ml／min；理论塔板数按葛根素计算应不低于2000。结果：葛根素在0．0927～1．854μg范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9999）。平均回收率为100．47％，RSD=1．11％。结论：本法简便、快捷、结果准确，可作为利脑心胶囊的质量控制标准。     

高效液相色谱法测定蛇床子洗液中蛇床子素含量

目的建立测定蛇床子洗液中蛇床子素的方法。方法使用高效液相色谱法，色谱柱为DiamOnsilC18柱（250mm×4．6mm，5μm），检测波长322nm，流动相为甲醇-水（78：22）。结果在12．08μg-96．64μg范围内有良好的线性，平均回收率为90．11％，1LSD为1．98％（11=5）。结论该法操作简便，结果；隹确，灵敏度高，重现性好．可用于该洗液的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定感特灵胶囊中对乙酰氨基酚的含量

目的建立HPLC法测定感特灵胶囊中对乙酰氨基酚的含量。方法采用Phenomenex C18 Gemini（250×4．6mm，5u）色谱柱。柱温为室温，以甲醇-水（35：65）为流动相；流速为1．0mL·min^-1；检测波长：249nm。结果对乙酰氨基酚进样量0．502μg-2．510μg范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系（r=0．9999），平均回收率为99．06％，RSD=0．8％（n=6）。结论方法简便，结果准确。可作为本品质量控制的有效方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸曲马多缓释片含量

目的建立测定盐酸曲马多缓释片含量的方法。方法使用高效液相色谱法，色谱柱为Diamonsil C18柱（250mm×4．61mm，5μm），检测波长271nm，0．22mol／L醋酸钠溶液（以醋酸调节PH=4．6）-乙腈（76：24）为流动相。流速：0．80ml／min．。结果在5．04－50．40μg范围内有良好的线性，平均回收率为94．68％，RSD为0．88％（n=6）。结论该法操作简便，结果准确，灵敏度高，重现性好，可用于盐酸曲马多缓释片的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定菊花及咽炎口含片中绿原酸含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定菊花和咽炎口含片中绿原酸含量。方法色谱柱为Diamonsil C18（5μm，150mm×4．6mm），乙腈-0．05％磷酸水溶液（5．5：94．5）为流动相，328nm为检测波长。结果绿原酸进样量在0．205～2．050μg范围内线性关系良好，其回归方程Y=2036499χ-12464（r=0．9993），平均回收率为96．2％（RSD=1．9％）。结论该方法准确，灵敏，重现性好，操作简便，可用来有效控制菊花和咽炎口含片的质量。     

反相梯度色谱法测定饮料中安赛蜜、糖精钠、阿斯巴甜

目的 研究反相梯度液相色谱法测定饮料中安赛蜜、糖精钠、阿斯巴甜含量。方法采用C18 4．6mm×250mm5μm为分析柱，以CH3CN：（NH4）2SO4（5：95）为流动相，流速：1．00ml／min，波长214nm，应用梯度液相色谱技术对安赛蜜、糖精钠、阿斯甜进行分析测定。结果 在1．0～20．0mg／L范围内有良好线性关系（1=0．9999），平均回收率为88．0％～101．5％。结论 该方法具有良好线性关系、精密度好，结果准确，实用性强。     

AccQ·Tag柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定食品中添加的牛磺酸

目的：建立AccQ·Tag柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定食品中添加的牛磺酸的方法。方法：实验采用AQC衍生试剂，将样品进行柱前衍生后，经C18柱分离，荧光检测器检测。结果：被测组分在浓度为20～800μg／ml时，浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9999）；加标回收率为96．4％～112％；方法检出限0．5μg／ml；相对标准偏差（RSD）小于3％。结论：方法快速、简便、准确。     

醋酸地塞米松片含量的研究

目的建立HPLC法测定醋酸地塞米松片的含量的方法。方法采用Diamond C18色谱柱（5μm，4．6×150mm），柱温为25℃，流动相为甲醇-水（7：3），流速为1．0m1／min，选择240nm作为检测波长，通过HPLC法。结果在4～24μg/ml血浓度范围内线性良好，回收率为（101．9±2．0）％（n=15）。结论此方法快捷、灵敏、可靠，可以作为醋酸地塞米松片质量控制的有效方法之一。     

气相色谱法测定水果蔬菜中克菌丹残留

目的：研究水果中克菌丹残留量的分析方法，讨论色谱分离和测定的条件及样品前处理条件。方法：样品以乙酸乙酯振荡提取，采用硅胶／活性炭固相萃取净化，正己烷与丙酮的混合液为洗脱液，选用HP-5毛细管色谱柱，以具电子捕获检测器（ECD）的气相色谱（GC）仪测定水果中克菌丹残留量。结果：本法的检出限为0．5μg／ml，最低检出浓度为0．07mg／kg，线性方程Y=1．4083X—1．0092（r=0．9986），平均加标网收率为104．3％。结论：该方法具有操作简便，净化效果好，灵敏度高等特点，完全可满足水果中克菌丹残留检测的要求。     

高效液相色谱法测定食品中脱氢乙酸的方法研究

目的建立一种果汁、酱菜、腐乳等食品中脱氢乙酸防腐剂的高效液相色谱法。方法采用C18(5μm,250×4.60mm)色谱柱,流动相为甲醇-0.02mol/L乙酸铵(体积比为5∶95),流速1.00ml/min;紫外检测波长306nm;柱温25℃;进样量10μl;外标法定量。结果方法所采用的标准曲线有良好的线性关系(r=0.9997),方法的检出限为0.05mg/kg,加标回收率为96.5%~99.5%,对不同的样品基质相对标准偏差为1.09%~5.85%。结论该方法操作简便、准确,回收率高,精密度良好,重现性好,可用于果汁、酱菜、腐乳和月饼等食品中脱氢乙酸的测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定罗哌卡因在犬血浆中的浓度

目的建立反相高效液相色谱法测定犬血浆罗哌卡因浓度的快速、简便的方法。方法色谱柱为Intertsil C18柱(4·6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水相,体积比为50∶50,水相为0·005mol/L己烷基磺酸钠,冰醋酸调节pH至3·5,检测波长为215nm,流速为:1·4ml/min;柱温为室温;柱压为2800PSI,进样体积为10μl,灵敏度为0·02AUFS。结果罗哌卡因的检测浓度线性范围为0·1~25μg/ml(r=0·9992),最低检测浓度为0·05μg/ml,回归方程为^Y=0·1794X+0·3806,相关系数为r=0·9992,回收率为91·2%~93·6%,RSD为2·10%~3·40%。罗哌卡因测定的日内及日间精密度分别为1·35%~2·88%和1·80%~3·76%。结论本法操作简便、可靠、快捷、准确,适用于罗哌卡因类药物给药后血药浓度的检测。     

高效液相色谱法测定抗宫炎片中有效成分盐酸水苏碱的含量

目的 建立抗宫炎片中有效成分盐酸水苏碱含量的高效液相色谱测定方法.方法 采用Lichrospher5-NH2 (4.6mm×250 mm)色谱柱,流动相选择乙腈∶水=87∶13,柱温:28℃,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为192 nm.结果盐酸水苏碱在2.748～12.826 μg范围内峰面积与其浓度线性关系良好,线性关系方程为:Y=1.2697x+6.2415,r=0.9996(n=5),平均回收率为98.47％,RSD值=1.64％(n=5).结论 采用高效液相色谱法测定抗宫炎片中盐酸水苏碱的含量,其方法简单可行,可重复性好,结果准确可靠,是一种值得借鉴的含量测定方法.     

HPLC法测定筋骨疼痛酒中大黄素的含量

目的建立筋骨疼痛酒中大黄素的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:kromaislC18柱(6.0mm×150mm,5μm),流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(80:20),检测波长:254nm,流速:1.0ml/min,柱温30℃。结果大黄素在5.225～104.50μg(r=0.9999)范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率为101.00%,RSD为1.88%。结论该方法简便,准确,重现性好,可用于筋骨疼痛酒中的质量控制。     

红曲中洛伐他汀总量的测定方法

考察降脂红曲产品的安全性和功效性 ,测定洛伐他汀的总量比仅仅测定其内酯含量更为可取。本文建立了测定红曲中洛伐他汀总量的方法 ,并对方法的可行性进行了验证。采用HPLC方法 ,色谱柱 :C18柱(2 5 0mm× 4 60mm) ;流动相 :甲醇 :水 (72 :2 8) ,检测波长 :2 3 8nm ;流速 :1 0ml min;柱温 :室温 ,方法回收率98 3 % ,RSD =0 3 3 %。     

Differences in survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 under various conditions that re-enact the cooking of lunches implicated in an outbreak of haemorrhagic diarrhoea

Two elementary schools were served lunches that were cooked in the same kitchen. An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 occurred at one school where the dishes that were prepared for the school were lukewarm and kept for 33 min at an average temperature of 45 degrees C before serving. However, no outbreak occurred at the other school where dishes were hot and were kept for 60 min at an average temperature of 50 degrees C before serving. In a series of experiments on the survival of E. coli O157:H7 in the liquid portion of similarly prepared food, the population of E. coli O157:H7 was reduced by 10-3 by heating at 50 degrees C for 60 min and by only 10-1 by heating at 45 degrees C for 40 min. Further, E. coli O157:H7 survived at 45 degrees C for 40 min but not at 50 degrees C for 60 min at pH 4.0 with a 4.0% salt concentration that was similar to that of the liquid part of the food. These results indicate that pH and salt concentration of cooked food markedly affect the survival of E. coli O157:H7 and help to explain the occurrence of the disease outbreak at only one of the schools.     

High temperatures enhanced acute mortality effects of ambient particle pollution in the "oven" city of Wuhan, China

BACKGROUND: We investigated whether the effect of air pollution on daily mortality is enhanced by high temperatures in Wuhan, China, using data from 2001 to 2004. Wuhan has been called an "oven" city because of its hot summers. Approximately 4.5 million permanent residents live in the 201-km(2) core area of the city. METHOD: We used a generalized additive model to analyze pollution, mortality, and covariate data. The estimates of the interaction between high temperature and air pollution were obtained from the main effects and pollutant-temperature interaction models. RESULTS: We observed effects of consistently and statistically significant interactions between particulate matter < or = 10 microm (PM(10)) and temperature on daily nonaccidental (p = 0.014), cardiovascular (p = 0.007), and cardiopulmonary (p = 0.014) mortality. The PM(10) effects were strongest on extremely high-temperature days (daily average temperature, 33.1 degrees C), less strong on extremely low-temperature days (2.2 degrees C), and weakest on normal-temperature days (18.0 degrees C). The estimates of the mean percentage of change in daily mortality per 10-mug/m(3) increase in PM(10) concentrations at the average of lags 0 and 1 day during hot temperature were 2.20% (95% confidence interval), 0.74-3.68) for nonaccidental, 3.28% (1.24-5.37) for cardiovascular, 2.35% (-0.03 to 4.78) for stroke, 3.31% (-0.22 to 6.97) for cardiac, 1.15% (-3.54% to 6.07) for respiratory, and 3.02% (1.03-5.04) for cardiopulmonary mortality. CONCLUSIONS: We found synergistic effects of PM(10) and high temperatures on daily nonaccidental, cardiovascular, and cardiopulmonary mortality in Wuhan.     

Sterilization of heat-resistant instruments with infrared radiation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the lethality profile of an infrared radiation (IR) prototype sterilizer. METHOD: Simulated use and D value tests were conducted with Bacillus subtilis spores American Type Culture Collection-9372. A spore suspension (1.06 +/- 0.03 x 10(6)) in 5% bovine serum albumin was air dried on stainless steel instruments. IR cycles were completed and the instruments were immersed in tryptic soy broth for 120 hours at 37 degrees C. Direct enumeration of survivors was performed to evaluate IR death. Instrument loads contained carriers laden with spores (1.06 +/- 0.3 x 10(6)). The spores were seeded on tryptic soy agar and survivors were counted after 120 hours of incubation at 37 degrees C. RESULTS: All instruments exposed to IR (n = 50) were culture negative. In contrast, all unprocessed instruments (n = 30) showed B. subtilis growth. The prototype's D value was 0.56, and the death rate's slope was -1.76 (r = -0.99741; P < .0001). The 10(6) sterility assurance level was reached after 8 minutes and 40 seconds of exposure, from cold start. CONCLUSIONS: IR destroys B. subtilis spores. Instrument sterilization with IR may provide another technology for infection control.     

杭州地区小儿呼吸道合胞病毒感染流行特点与气象学因素

目的阐明杭州地区小儿呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染流行特点及影响RSV感染流行的气象学因素。方法连续3年对住院肺炎患儿中RSV的检出率进行动态观察,将月平均气温、相对湿度及雨天分别与月RSV检出率进行相关性分析。结果3年共检测患儿13642例,RSV阳性率为25.8%,其中≤1岁组检出率33.1%,1～3岁组19.7%,>3岁组5.1%,各年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=763.7,P=0.000)。RSV感染率总体上11月份开始明显增高,流行持续到次年的3-4月份,但每年的流行仍存在差别。雨天与RSV检出率之间r=0.32(P=0.066);相对湿度与RSV检出率之间r=-0.27(P=0.117);平均气温与RSV检出率之间r=-0.83(P=0.000),RSV检出率与气温之间的回归方程式:检出率(%)=52.933-1.914×气温(℃)。结论RSV是目前引起小儿肺炎的主要病毒。RSV在≤1岁组感染率最高,年龄越大感染率越低。RSV在杭州地区的流行见于冬春季,但存在变化,低气温是导致RSV感染流行的主要因素。