吸烟对健康人血清HDL-C等7项指标水平影响的对比观察

经对生活和工作环境相似的40~69岁健康男性工人吸烟组697人和不吸烟组841人的对比观察,说明吸烟对健康人血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇水平有明显影响。吸烟组HDL-C、HDL₂-C、HDL₃-C、HDL₂-C/HDL₃-C明显低于不吸烟组,LDL-C、VLDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C明显高于不吸烟组,且与吸烟量、时间、习惯呈剂量反应关系。吸烟是降低HDL-C、HDL₂-C、HDL₃-C、HDL₂-C/HDL₃-C和升高LDL-C、VLDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C的危险因素。与不吸烟组相比,吸烟降低HDL-C等4项指标水平和升高LDL-C等3项指标水平的RR分别为1.09~5.77和2.37~3.59。被动吸烟者HDL-C等7项指标水平与轻度吸烟者相似,说明被动吸烟对血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇有明显影响。     

膳食纤维不同成分对大鼠脂质代谢的影响

本文观察了3种不同膳食纤维(DF)制成品(纤维素、果胶、琼脂)对高胆固醇膳大鼠脂质代谢的影响。结果发现:果胶和纤维素组自实验2周末,琼脂组于6周末与对照组相比有明显的降低血清TC作用;3种DF均有不同程度降低肝胆固醇作用;各组血清TG、HDL-C,HDL_2-C,HDL_3-C间无显著差异;纤维素组和果胶组HDL-C/TC比值明显高于对照组。3种DF均可使大鼠排粪量增加,对大鼠摄食量及生长无影响。     

离休干部血清载脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及其亚组分等脂质含量分析

本文报告通辽市离休干部高血压、冠心病患者和健康人的血清载脂蛋白(APOA-Ⅰ、APOB)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及其亚组分(HDL_2-C、HDL_3-C)等脂质含量的测定结果,并对血脂异常与冠心病的关系进行探讨。     

正常人群红细胞胆固醇与血浆脂蛋白组分胆固醇水平关系的研究

本文报告了1～90岁2333名正常人群红细胞胆固醇(REC—C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL—C)及亚组(HDL_2—C、HDL_3—C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL—C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL—C)水平及相关关系。结果显示RBC—C水平随年龄增长而升高,并呈正相关(r=0.154,P<0.05)。男、女RBC—C与HDL—C呈正相关,RBC—C与HDL_2—C、HDL_3-C、LDL—C、VLDL—C呈负相关。男性RBC-C与LDL—C相关密切(偏相关系数R=0.157,P<0.05),女性RBC—C与VLDL—C相关密切(偏相关系数R=0.153,P<0.05)。RBC—C与HDL-C、HDL_2—C、HDL_3-C、LDL-C、VLDL-C相关方向、相关强度因年龄增加,性别不同而变化。结合有关资料讨论了RBC—C水平变化及RBC—C与血浆脂蛋白组分胆固醇相关关系在动脉硬化形成及预防中的意义。     

1974例健康人和51例患者的血清脂类及脂蛋白胆固醇水平的研究

本文报告了1974例(新生儿～75岁)武汉地区健康者和51例心血管病和脑血管病者的血清脂类和脂蛋白胆固醇水平以及随年龄增长而出现的变化。结果表明,新生儿脐血各项测定指标均低于其它各年龄组,男女间无差异。男女性别血清总胆固醇(T-C),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平,以及T-C/HDL-C和LDL-C/HDL-C比率则随年龄增长而增加(P<0.001)。血清HDL-C水平女性(61.9±16.9mg/dl)高于男性(58.8±17.4mg/dl)(P<0.001);T-C/HDL-C和LDL-C/HDL-C比率女性低于男性(P<0.001)。 脑血管病(CVD)患者与健康对照比较,血清HDL-C明显降低(P<0.001);T-C/HDL-C和LDL-C/HDL-C比率明显增高(P<0.001);高血压和冠心病(CHD)患者与健康对照比较无差异(P>0.05)。     

高脂饮食对大鼠HDL亚组分胆固醇的影响

<正> 近年来大量资料表明,HDL及其亚组分(HDL_2和HDL_3)的胆固醇含量与糖尿病和冠心病及其它周围血管疾病有密切关系。而饮食中脂类物质的含量又与这些疾病的发生发展有关。本文通过测定血清总脂、甘油三酯,总胆固醇、HDL胆固醇、HDL_2胆固醇和HDL_3胆固醇含量,分析研究了高胆固醇和高甘油三酯饮食对大鼠血清上述各项生化指标的影响。     

120例2型糖尿病患者超敏C反应蛋白的临床分析

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者血清超敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平与甘油三酯（TG）、胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）/高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）的关系.方法 采用美国ARCHITECT Ci 8200生化分析仪对120例2型糖尿病患者（A、B、C三组）及40例健康对照的hs-CRP、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C进行测定.结果 120例2型糖尿病患者hs-CRP比对照组明显升高（ P 〈0.001）,C组hs-CRP明显高于B、A组（ P 〈0.001）,B组高于A组（ P 〈0.05）且与TG、TC、LDL-C、TC/HDL-C正相关.结论 hs-CRP可作为2型糖尿病并发症出现的风险预测指标.     

重症COPD人群脂代谢紊乱与CRP水平变化的临床分析

目的:观察重症慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)人群脂代谢紊乱与CRP水平的变化,探讨其对预后的影响。方法:97例健康体检者为对照组,85例重症COPD人群为观察组,采用全自动生化分析仪测定甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、ApoA1/ApoB、HDL-C/LDL-C、HDL-C/TC、脂蛋白a(Lipa)浓度;采用免疫散射比浊法测定CRP水平。结果:观察组人群TG、CRP水平明显高于对照组;HDL-C、ApoA1、Lipa浓度明显低于对照组,差别均有统计学意义;经多元回归分析重症COPD人群血清脂质代谢水平与CRP水平密切相关。结论:重症COPD人群脂代谢发生紊乱,血清TG、CRP水平明显升高,HDL-C、ApoA1、Lipa浓度明显降低,其脂代谢水平与CRP密切相关;早期诊断及时治疗与预后密切相关,诊治过程中应控制脂代谢紊乱与CRP变化并加强护理,提高治疗效果,改善预后,防止或延缓心血管疾病等并发症发生。     

浓缩鱼油升高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇机理的探讨

本文从酶学方面探讨了富含廿碳五烯酸甲酯(EPA-M)和廿二碳六烯酸甲酯(DHA-M)浓缩鱼油升高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的机理。实验分三组(高脂组、高脂+橄榄油组和高脂+鱼油组)。后两组动物分别以灌胃法给予橄榄油与浓缩鱼油,每头0.5ml/d,高脂组不喂其它油脂,实验期6周。结果显示,鱼油组大鼠血清HDL-C水平显著高于高脂组和橄榄油组(P<0.01),H-DL-C的变化是由于高密度脂蛋白亚属Ⅱ胆固醇(HDL_2-C)水平升高,而高密度脂蛋白亚属薑胆固醇(HDL_3-C)水平无显著改变。鱼油组大鼠血清卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶(LCAT)及肝素化后血浆脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性显著高于高脂组和橄榄油组(P<0.01),肝素化后血浆肝内皮细胞脂酶(HEL)活性显著低于其它两个对照组(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,浓缩鱼油可能通过激活LCAT和LPL活性促使HDL生成增加;同时抑制HEL活性,减少HDL的分解,从而传大鼠血清HDL-C水平升高。     

2型糖尿病患者血清ALP与糖脂代谢相关指标及胰岛素抵抗的临床研究

目的研究血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)与糖脂代谢相关指标及胰岛素抵抗对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的临床意义。方法 1 586例T2DM患者为观察组,1 635例健康体检者为对照组,采用全自动生化分析仪检测ALP、血糖(GLU)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血清载脂蛋白A1(Apo A1)、载脂蛋白B(Apo B)等指标,采用化学发光免疫分析仪检测空腹血清胰岛素(FINS),计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛素敏感指数(HOMA-ISI)。结果与对照组比较,观察组患者ALP、GLU、FINS、Hb A1c、HOMA-IR、TC、TG、LDL-C、Apo B、LDL-C/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C水平明显升高,HOMA-ISI、HDL-C、Apo A1、Apo A1/Apo B水平明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);经多元回归分析:T2DM患者ALP与GLU、FINS、Hb A1c、HOMA-IR、TC、TG、LDL-C、Apo B水平呈正相关,与HOMA-ISI、HDL-C、Apo A1水平呈负相关。结论 T2DM患者ALP显著上升,胰岛素抵抗及糖脂代谢发生紊乱,提示高水平的ALP、胰岛素抵抗及糖脂代谢发生紊乱是T2DM患者发病的危险因素。     

紫苏油和松籽油对大鼠机体脂类和脂质过氧化的影响

在高脂饲料中分别加入６％的紫苏油和松籽油，在实验动物总能量与主要营养素摄入基本相同、脂肪占总能量３２．６％的条件下饲喂Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雄性成年大鼠３周。结果表明，紫苏油和松籽油对高脂血症大鼠均有一定的调整血脂作用。紫苏油和松籽油组大鼠血清甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）的比值（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ／ＨＤ－Ｌ－Ｃ）、致动脉粥样硬化指数（ＡＩ）的增加值和ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＴＣ、卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（ＬＣＡＴ）活性的下降均不同程度地低于单纯食猪油的高脂对照组。紫苏油尚可提高高脂血症大鼠血清ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、高密度脂蛋白亚组分Ⅱ胆固醇（ＨＤＬ２Ｃ）水平及ＨＤＬ２－Ｃ与高密度脂蛋白亚组分Ⅲ胆固醇（ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ）比值（ＨＤＬ２－Ｃ／ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ）；松籽油未见显著升高ＨＤＬ－Ｃ作用。各组动物血清ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ水平无显著差异。紫苏油和松籽油组大鼠肝体比值低于高脂对照组。紫苏油组大鼠肝脏过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）含量高于松籽油和高脂对照组。但与正常组比较，紫苏油、松籽油和高脂对照组大鼠肝体比值、肝脂质含量、肝组织病理学检查显示的肝脂变程度和肝脏ＬＰＯ含量均增高，而肝组织中谷胱?     

中老年人群血清胆固醇水平及其相关因素的研究

目的　探讨中老年“健康”人群血清总胆固醇 (TC)、高密度脂蛋白—胆固醇 (HDL- C)、低密度脂蛋白—胆固醇 (L DL- C)水平及与相关个体因素的关系。方法　随机抽取 340人 ,横断面调查方法进行问卷调查、体格检查和血脂水平测定。结果　 4 5岁以上的 340人 (男 183人、女 15 7人 )血清胆固醇水平均在正常范围内 ;女性 TC、HDL- C及 L DL- C水平均显著高于男性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;70岁以上老人 HDL- C水平均显著高于其它年龄组。逐步回归分析显示 :显著影响 TC水平的个体因素为年龄、性别 ,影响 L DL- C的因素为年龄、性别和体重指数 (BMI) ,影响 HDL- C水平的因素为年龄、饮酒、BMI。结论　超重和肥胖、经常大量饮酒是升高血胆固醇的重要因素。健康教育和行为干预过程中应强调良好的生活方式和维持适当的体重。     

Hyperhomocysteinemia, enzyme polymorphism and thiobarbituric Acid reactive system in children with high coronary risk family history

OBJECTIVES: To investigate both the frequency and the genetic background of hyperhomocysteinemia and the frequency of increased plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive system (TBARS) levels in children and adolescents whose parents had premature coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: The study was performed on children and adolescents aged 4-18 years (105 offspring of parents with CHD before age 45 and 74 referents from families without any evidence of premature atherosclerosis). Fasting serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and total triglyceride (TG) levels were measured by enzymatic methods. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level was calculated by the Friedewald formula. Plasma total homocysteine (THCy) level was measured by fluorescence polarisation immunoassay. Plasma TBARS level was determined by fluorimetric method. 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: Hyperhomocysteinemia was found in 32 cases and in 4 controls. Increased plasma THCy level was found in 10 children and adolescents from 12 cases homozygous for the C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene. No similar high frequency was observed in heterozygous subjects. Elevated fasting plasma TBARS levels were found in 38 cases and in 8 controls. The frequency differences were significant (p < 0.01). Allele frequency of the MTHFR polymorphism among cases and controls was similar. Significant correlation (r = 0.53, p < 0.02) was detected between plasma THCy and TBARS levels. One child had high serum TC level, 5 had low serum HDL-C level and all other children had normal serum TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG levels from children with hyperhomocysteinemia and/or high plasma TBARS levels. A significant correlation (r = 0.64, p < 0.01) was observed between plasma THCy levels of parents and children in the case group. CONCLUSION: The measurement of plasma THCy and TBARS levels may contribute to the detection of the risk of children and adolescents with high CHD risk family history.     

富铬酵母降低高血脂作用的研究

本文观察富铬酵母（合铬４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）对高脂血症患者６３人，Ⅱ型糖尿病合并高脂血症患者８２人及血脂正常的Ⅱ型糖尿病人３５人血脂的作用。每日补充２．５ｇ富铬酵母（相当于１００μｇ酵母铬）３个月。以５０例健康成人的有关指标作为对照。结果表明：ａ．６３例高脂血症患者血请铬显著低于健康人（分别为３．５８和５．２７ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ），服用富铬酵母后，血清铬升高（由３．５８升至６．１０ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ）。高ＴＣ患者的ＴＣ和高ＴＧ患者的ＴＧ降低，分别为６．３５与５．３４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ和３．０５与２．２４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，且ＬＤＬ－Ｃ降低，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ升高，与服药前比较均有显著性差异。降脂效果优于月见草油。合并Ⅱ型糖尿病的高脂血症患者服用富铬酵母后，血清Ｃｒ、ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ和ＨＤＬ－Ｃ也有相似的变化，且有显著性差异。ｂ．富铬酵母（少数人加服２．５～５ｍｇ优降糖辅助）治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病合并高脂血症患者，其降脂降糖效果优于单纯使用口服降糖药，且过氧化脂质较治疗前显著降低（由６．９０降至５．５１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）。血脂正常的Ⅱ型糖尿病人服用富铬酵母后除空腹血糖显著降低及ＨＤＬ－Ｃ显著升高外，ＴＣ、ＴＧ及ＬＤＬ－Ｃ均无明显变化。ｃ．富铬酵母对高脂?     

2型糖尿病患者血清中γ-谷氨酰转移酶及血脂水平的分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者血清中γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)的变化并分析其与总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的关系。方法采用日立7600全自动生化分析仪及配套试剂检测127例2型糖尿病患者(男56例,女71例)及60例健康检查者血清中GGT、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C。比较上述指标在2个研究组之间的差异。并将2型糖尿病患者根据血清中GGT水平分为2组,对有关指标的相互关系进行分析。结果 2型糖尿病组的血清中GGT较正常对照组明显升高。127例2型糖尿病患者中GGT升高者36例,占28.3%。GGT升高组TG水平[1.77(0.38~13.52)mmol/L]明显高于GGT正常组[1.22(0.20~2.25)mmol/L],HDL-C水平低于正常组[分别为1.01(0.35~2.16)mmol/L和1.24(0.8~1.97)mmol/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析表明,GGT水平与TG水平呈正相关,与HDL-C水平呈负相关。其他各血脂项目,不同GGT水平组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血清中GGT升高在2型糖尿病患者中多见,GGT与TG及HDL-C相关,血清中GGT升高可能是2型糖尿病一个新的相关因素。     

Lipid profile in women over 35 years old using triphasic combined oral contraceptives

Twenty-nine women aged 35 years old or more, using triphasic combined oral contraceptive (COC) were evaluated during six cycles for the following parameters: total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and its subfraction HDL2, triglycerides, apoproteins A and B, Castelli risk index I and II (cholesterol/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C) and apoprotein ratio (apoprotein B/apoprotein A). The same laboratory measurements were done in a control group of 49 non-COC-user women. The results showed that there were no differences on most of the studied parameters between user and nonuser women. There was a significant reduction of HDL-C and HDL2-C, although within the normal range. In addition, it was observed a significant increment of triglycerides and apoprotein B at 6 months of follow-up only in user group (p < 0.05), although within the normal range. It is concluded that the use of levonorgestrel triphasic COC appeared to have no additional adverse impact when used by women aged over 35 years. Further studies are needed to obtain conclusive data.     

Influence of fish consumption on the distribution of serum cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions: comparative study among fish-consuming and non-fish-consuming populations

The objective of this study was to investigate serum lipoprotein levels in order to assess cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors between fish-consuming populations and non-fish-consuming populations, as it has been speculated that fish intake reduces CVD risk. A representative sample of one thousand subjects (529 men and 471 women) were selected, with ages ranging from 20 to 70 years, from 40 villages belonging to fish-consuming (500) or non-fish-consuming (500) populations. Serum lipoprotein lipids such as total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were analysed biochemically using standard procedures. The ratios of TC: HDL-C and LDL-C: HDL-C were computed. Mean values of serum LDL-C and the ratios of LDL-C: HDL-C and TC: HDL-C were significantly lower and HDL-C levels were higher in fish-consumers than in non-fish-consumers. The concentrations of HDL-C decreased with increasing age, while the reverse was true for LDL-C and for the LDL-C: HDL-C and TC: HDL-C ratios. There were significant sex differences for certain age groups in both of the population groups. The 5th, 50th and 95th percentile cut-off values for these parameters were lower in fish-consumers than in non-fish-consumers. The prevalence of individuals at risk of CVD because of low HDL-C (<35 mg/dL), high LDL-C (>130 mg/dL) and their atherogenic ratios (LDL-C: HDL-C >3.5 and TC: HDL-C>4.5) was significantly greater in non-fish-consumers. This study highlights that the fish-consuming population had a lower atherogenic risk than the non-fish-consuming population. The intake of fish may have substantial implications for public health and health economy by decreasing the risk of CVD. However, more studies are warranted to better define the mechanisms of cardioprotection by dietary fish and fish oils.