Giant ureteral calculus

Two cases of giant ureteral calculus in young children are presented because of the large size of stones in this young age group.     

Giant intravesical calculus during pregnancy

Urolithiasis is commonly found during pregnancy; but the presence of a giant vesical calculus during pregnancy is a very rare entity, associated with several potential obstetric complications. A 25-year-old primigravida at 25 weeks of gestational age was referred to our tertiary care unit because she presented a giant hyperechoic intravesical mass and inability to pass urine with suprapubic pain since 2 days. An open cystolithotomy revealed a huge intravesical calculus. The patient continued with her pregnancy until full term without adverse perinatal outcomes.     

Giant submandibular calculus. A case report

A case of giant mandibular calculus, 6.5 X 5.5 cm, is presented. The management of this condition is reviewed and an explanation offered for the occurrence of these calculi.     

Giant calculus in anterior urethral diverticulum.

The case of probably the largest stone in a giant anterior urethral diverticulum presenting with septicemia and renal failure is reported. Stage surgical reconstruction had an excellent result.     

Giant vesical calculus presenting with azotaemia and anuria

Giant vesical calculus is a rare clinical entity in modern urological practice. Vesical calculi are usually secondary to bladder outlet obstruction. The usual clinical presentation is with recurrent urinary tract infection, haematuria or with retention of urine. We report an elderly male patient who presented with azotaemia and anuria as a result of bilateral obstructive uropathy due to a giant vesical calculus.     

Giant renal calculus in a solitary functioning kidney

We report a case of giant renal calculus 230 x 140 mm in size and weighing 1,350 g in a solitary functioning kidney treated by nephrolithotomy. A 47-year-old man presented with right lumbar pain, abdominal mass and microscopic hematuria. Physical examination revealed a stony hard mass on the right side of the abdomen, extending from the subcostal region to the iliac crest. A giant renal calculus in his right kidney and atrophic nonfunctioning left kidney was diagnosed by ultrasonography, IVP and CT scan. Right nephrolithotomy was performed. Analysis revealed a calcium phosphate stone. This case is the largest and the heaviest stone reported in the literature in a solitary functioning kidney.     

Giant prostatic urethral calculus associated with urethrocutaneous fistula

Urethral stones in men are rare clinical entity and most of them migrate from the urinary bladder. Urethral stones are rarely formed primarily in the urethra and are usually associated with urethral strictures or diverticula. We report a 41-year-old man with giant prostatic urethral stone (5.9x3.2x2.8 cm) associated with a urethrocutaneous fistula. The etiological factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, complications and management of giant urethral calculi are reviewed.     

Giant vesical calculus formed around arterial graft incorporated into bladder

A case is described of a giant vesical calculus formed around an arterial graft incorporated into the bladder. Awareness that a variety of foreign bodies may serve as a nidus for a calculus is necessary to prevent catastrophic consequences.