肾移植术后患者骨密度水平的调查研究

 目的 探讨肾移植术后患者与正常体检人群骨密度(bone mineral density, BMD)水平,以及骨量丢失(骨量减少和骨质疏松)发病率的差异。方法 选择在武警总医院随访的肾移植患者177例(男104例,女73例),根据女性是否绝经和男性年龄将入选者分为＜50岁男性、≥50岁男性、绝经前女性和绝经后女性移植组。选择同期在我院体检的正常人群250例(男131例、女119例)作为对照组。采用双能X线骨密度仪测定所有人的腰椎、右股骨颈和右全髋BMD,比较各移植组与对照组BMD以及骨量丢失发病率的差异。结果 各肾移植组患者股骨颈和全髋骨密度均低于对照组(P<0.01);＜50岁男性肾移植患者腰椎骨密度低于对照组(P<0.01)。男性和绝经后女性移植患者骨量丢失(包括骨量减少和骨质疏松)发病率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论 肾移植患者骨密度水平明显低于正常体检人群,且骨量丢失的发病率高于正常人群。建议肾移植患者术后在维生素D和钙剂的基础上,选用双膦酸盐防治骨质疏松和骨折。     

Relationship between hip bone mineral density and lumbar disc degeneration: a study in elderly subjects using an eight-level MRI-based disc degeneration grading system

Purpose:

To study the relationship between hip bone mineral density (BMD), lumbar disc degeneration, and lumbar disc space narrowing in elderly subjects.

Materials and Methods:

The study cohort comprised 196 females and 163 males (age range, 67–89 years) with no age difference between the two groups. Anteroposterior total hip areal BMD was measured with DXA and lumbar spine MRI was acquired using a 1.5 Tesla scanner. Lumbar disc degeneration was assessed using an eight‐level grading system wherein each grade represents a stepwise progression from normal disc to severe disc degeneration and disc space narrowing.

Results:

After controlling for the age effect, no significant relationship was observed between total hip T‐score status and severity of disc degeneration. There was no significant difference in total hip BMD in the subjects with or without the disc space narrowing (P < 0.05). Female subjects are more likely to have a narrowed disc space than males at all levels, and being statistically significant at L3/4 and L4/5 levels, and with an overall significance of P = 0.007.

Conclusion:

There was no association observed between hip BMD and lumbar disc degeneration. Elderly females were more likely to have a narrowed lumbar disc space than elderly males. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;33:916–920. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

The correlation between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures of bone density in the proximal femur and lumbar spine of children

 Objective. To assess the correlation between a pediatric patient’s proximal femur and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) Z-scores, and the side-to-side difference between proximal femurs. Design. Three hundred and thirty-nine patients aged 2.2–17.0 years with an assortment of underlying conditions underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures of BMD in both proximal femurs and the lumbar spine. Results. Z-scores in the proximal femur and lumbar spine correlated highly (r=0.73, P=0.0001), but for individual patients the difference was often significant, and increased as BMD deviated further from normal. For patients with proximal femur Z-scores of 1 to –1 the mean difference between proximal femur and lumbar spine Z-scores was 0.5; with proximal femur Z-scores of less than –3 the mean difference was increased to 1.7. In conditions which symmetrically involve the lower extremities, the right and left proximal femur Z-scores differed on average by only 0.2. Conclusion. BMD measurements for pediatric patients are most easily interpreted by clinicians if converted to Z-scores, yet these are usually available only for the lumbar spine. Age-normalized BMD assessment at more than one site is necessary to provide a more reliable, complete assessment of bone mineral status in pediatric patients.     

老年男性COPD患者骨密度及骨代谢相关指标的观察

目的通过测定老年男性慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者的骨密度、骨代谢生化指标,探讨COPD与老年骨质疏松症的关系。方法测定35例老年男性COPD患者及35例健康老年男性的骨密度（BMD）、骨矿含量（BMC）以及血清钙（Ca）、磷（P）及血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）,对两组检测结果进行比较。结果 COPD组BMD和BMC测定结果明显低于对照组,两组血清Ca、P及ALP相比无明显差异。结论老年COPD患者BMD低于健康老年男性,发生骨质疏松的风险增高。     

Bone mineral measurements of subchondral and trabecular bone in healthy and osteoporotic rabbits

Introduction Experimental models of osteoporosis in rabbits are useful to investigate anabolic agents because this animal has a fast bone turnover with predominant remodelling over the modelling processes. For that purpose, it is necessary to characterize the densitometric values of each type of bony tissue. Objective To determine areal bone mass measurement in the spine and in trabecular, cortical and subchondral bone of the knee in healthy and osteoporotic rabbits. Design Bone mineral content and bone mineral density were measured in lumbar spine, global knee, and subchondral and cortical bone of the knee with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry using a Hologic QDR-1000/W densitometer in 29 skeletally mature female healthy New Zealand rabbits. Ten rabbits underwent triplicate scans for evaluation of the effect of repositioning. Osteoporosis was experimentally induced in 15 rabbits by bilateral ovariectomy and postoperative corticosteroid treatment for 4 weeks. Identical dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) studies were performed thereafter. Results Mean values of bone mineral content at the lumbar spine, global knee, subchondral bone and cortical tibial metaphysis were: 1934±217 mg, 878±83 mg, 149±14 mg and 29±7.0 mg, respectively. The mean values of bone mineral density at the same regions were: 298±24 mg/cm², 455±32 mg/cm², 617±60 mg/cm² and 678±163 mg/cm², respectively. Bone mineral content and bone density of healthy rabbits followed a normal distribution at the four skeletal regions studied. Precision after triplicate repositioning yielded a coefficient of variation ranging from 2.6% to 3.8%. The least significant change ranged between 7.3% and 10.7%. Bone mineral density measured at the four different skeletal regions correlated significantly. Bone mineral density in osteoporotic rabbits was significantly lower in the four regions studied than that in controls, rendering a T-score of, respectively, −2.0±1.1 in the lumbar spine, −2.2±2.1 in the global knee, −1.9±0.6 in the subchondral bone, and −5.7±3.1 in the cortical tibia (P<0.05). Conclusions DXA is a reliable and precise method to evaluate the bone mass in rabbits. Our results also suggest that subchondral bone is a bone of mixed densitometric characteristics with marked cortical bone predominance.     

Determination of bone mineral density in the third lumbar vertebral body using photon absorptiometry techniques

Dual-photon absorptiometry and triple-energy X-ray absorptiometry were used to investigate the total bone mineral content and density as well as the trabecular bone mineral density in the third lumbar vertebral body. Both anteroposterior (AP) and lateral (LAT) measurements were performed. By combining the two projections it was found that the mean trabecular bone mineral density for all 202 subjects included in the study was 52% (SD±20%) of the total bone mineral density in the third lumbar vertebral body. The mean trabecular bone mineral density as a fraction of the total vertebral body bone mineral density decreased as a function of age. The relative annual change in this fraction differed between males and females. It was also found that neither trabecular nor total bone mineral density differed significantly between male and female subjects aged 25–35 years, and bone mineral density (BMD), expressed in g/cm³, showed no correlation to subject height, body weight or body mass index (BMI). Male and female individuals showed different rates of change of trabecular bone mineral density with age.     

骨密度测定技术的研究现状及进展

骨矿物密度(bone mineral density,BMD)测量作为一种无创伤、生理性测定手段,有助于定量分析骨矿物含量(bone mineral contant,BMC),从而对骨质疏松症进行早期诊断、预防和疗效评价,并能预测骨折危险性。目前,已有多种技术进行骨密度测量,本文对骨密度测量的各种方法及应用进展进行阐述。     

髋关节表面置换术后股骨近端及髋臼骨密度初步研究

目的 评价髋关节表面置换术（RSAH）对股骨近端及髋臼侧骨量的影响.方法 选择符合入组标准的单侧RSAH病人26例,于术后1年行髋关节手术侧及健侧的股骨近端和髋臼的骨密度检查,参考Taylor及Wilkinson方法分别将术后股骨近端及髋臼分为6个（1～6区）和3个（A1～A3）兴趣区,测量各兴趣区骨密度,用t检验对各区手术侧与健侧骨密度值进行比较.结果 手术侧的股骨近端5、6区的骨密度值大于健侧的,两者差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;1、2、3、4区的骨密度值在手术侧与健侧间的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.髋臼侧全部区域中髋臼头侧（A1区）密度值,手术侧小于健侧,两者差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;手术侧与健侧的髋臼内侧及尾侧（A2、A3区）的骨密度比较,其差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 关节表面置换术后股骨近端骨量可以得到有效保存和恢复,而髋臼侧骨质有丢失可能.     

The relation between bone mineral density in the heel and pixel intensity in the mandibular jaw bone among elderly women

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between pixel intensity (PI) in digital radiographs of the lower jaw and bone mineral density (BMD) in the heels of post-menopausal women (as measured with DXL, a combination of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and lasers).

Methods

Two intraoral periapical digital radiographs were taken in the right and left mandible premolar region, and the digital images were analysed by a computer program (Dimaxis) regarding PI. As the radiographs were taken, the BMD of the patient''s left heel was measured via a portable Calscan device. The patient answered a questionnaire concerning risk factors. The correlation between variables was analysed using statistical tests.

Results

A significant correlation was found between the PI in the left (P = 0.001) and right (P = 0.004) mandible and the BMD of the left heel for the whole group. A pronounced correlation was found to exist for women > 70 years old. Based on a cut-off value of the PI, to differentiate between healthy individuals and those who required further analysis for osteoporosis, the following values were obtained: sensitivity 0.74, specificity 0.50, positive predictive value 0.77 and negative predictive value 0.46.

Conclusion

A positive correlation was found between PI in digital radiographs of the mandible and the BMD of the heel. The low predictive value does not allow any definite conclusions to be drawn from the present study. A reasonable recommendation could be for future studies to employ a larger study population to explore the effect on this value.     

Quantitation of T2′ anisotropic effects on magnetic resonance bone mineral density measurement

In this paper, the authors quantitate the anisotropy of susceptibility effects in an uniaxial trabecular bone model and show its relevance to clinical MR bone mineral density measurements. A physical model is described that quantitates the anisotropic MR behavior of uniaxial trabecular bone. To test the model, a phantom of parallel polyethylene filaments was scanned every 15° between 0° and 90° with respect to the system's main magnetic field (B₀). The distal radial metaphysis of a healthy female volunteer was scanned in orthogonal projections. The signal from each phantom image and each radial image was separated in a pixel-wise fashion into R₂ and R₂′ maps. As predicted, R₂′ relaxation showed anisotropic behavior and changed according to sin² (?), confirming that columnar structures parallel with B₀ will cause no MR susceptibility effects. Scans of the distal radius showed that R₂′ relaxation was twice as great with the forearm perpendicular to B₀ as when it was parallel to it, demonstrating different contributions from struts and columns. For both phantom and radial bone scans, R₂ relaxation was isotropic and did not change with object orientation.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对骨组织的影响

 目的 通过比较阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome ,OSAHS)患者与单纯鼾症者的骨密度(bone mineral density ,BMD),探讨OSAHS对骨组织的影响。方法 选取126例男性鼾症患者,行多导睡眠监测(poly somno graphy ,PSG),根据呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index ,AHI),分为单纯鼾症组(32例)、轻度OSAHS组(29例)、中度OSAHS组(35例)、重度OSAHS组(30例),采用双能X线吸收法(DXA)测定所有个体的部位BMD和T-BMD(T-BMD),分别将轻、中、重OSAHS组与单纯鼾症组比较。结果 重度OSAHS组各部位BMD(P:0.006-0.045)和T-BMD(P=0.037)均低于单纯鼾症组和轻度OSAHS组,差异有统计学意义;重度OSAHS组的L_1-4整体BMD测量值均低于单纯鼾症组(P=0.008)和轻度OSAHS组(P=0.026),差异具有统计学意义;中度OSAHS组和重度OSAHS组的T-BMD测量值均明显低于单纯鼾症组(P=0.002和P=0.000),差异具有统计学意义; 126例AHI和T-BMD行相关和回归分析,AHI与T-BMD呈高度负相关(r=-0.283),经F显著性检验,F=10.831,P=0.001;差异具有统计学意义。结论 OSAHS是骨质疏松的危险因素,随着病情加重,BMD逐渐下降。     

Anteroposterior versus lateral bone mineral density of spine assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry

Recently, it has been suggested that lateral (LAT) spine bone mass measurements by absorptiometry may be more sensitive for detecting bone loss than the standard anteroposterior (AP) projection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of LAT spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and its diagnostic sensitivity. A group of 1554 subjects with no risk factors that might affect bone metabolism and 185 osteoporotic patients with vertebral fractures were studied. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in the lumbar spine (standard AP and LAT projections) and proximal femur with a DEXA absorptiometer. The precision of the measurements was assessed in 15 volunteers. Diagnostic sensitivity was evaluated by the Z-score method. Comparing young people and the elderly, spine bone loss in the latter was similar for AP and LAT projections, when it was evaluated in absolute values (glcm²). However, when it was evaluated in percentage terms, bone loss was about twice as high in the LAT projection. LAT spine BMD correlated significantly with all the other areas assessed. The best correlation was found with the standard AP projection (r=0.67,P<0.0001). The precision in the LAT projection was found to be within an acceptable range (1.6% in normal subjects, 2% in osteoporotic patients), even though it was about twice that obtained in the AP projection. Diagnostic sensitivity was also better with the AP projection. It is concluded that LAT spine BMD measurements can be assessed with acceptable precision although it is about twice as high as for AP spine measurements. The percentage decrease in BMD in the elderly is greater for measurements made in the LAT projection than for measurements made in the AP projection. However, there is no enhancement of diagnostic sensitivity in osteoporosis. BMD measurements in the LAT projection are not as good as in the AP projection but they may offer complementary information of the regional evolution of spine bone mass.     

健康老年妇女近段股骨骨密度和结构的定量CT研究

目的 采用定量CT(QCT)和双能X线吸收测量(DXA)仪对健康老年妇女近段股骨骨密度(BMD)和骨结构进行研究,并对2种测量方法的结果进行比较.方法 对66名65岁以上健康妇女左侧髋关节进行DXA测量,计算出股骨颈和粗隆区BMD;对其双侧近段股骨进行QCT测量,计算出股骨颈、粗隆区和整体股骨ROI的皮质骨、松质骨和总体骨的BMD和体积;并将QCT三维图像模拟DXA的平面投影计算出模拟DXA股骨颈BMD和模拟DXA股骨粗隆区BMD.对所获数据进行配对t检验或非参数秩和检验,并用Pearson法分析DXA和QCT相对应ROI的相关性.结果 用QCT可以对股骨近段不同ROI(股骨颈、粗隆区和整体股骨区)及不同骨成分(皮质骨、松质骨和总体骨)的BMD及体积等参数进行精确的定量分析.除右侧股骨颈皮质骨BMD[(0.52±0.04)g/cm3]、股骨粗隆区皮质骨BMD[(0.49±0.03)g/cm3]、股骨粗隆区综合骨BMD[(0.22±0.04)g/cm3]大于左侧相应参数[分别为[(0.51±0.04)、(0.48±0.03)、(0.21±0.04)g/cm3],差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),但差别均<3.3%;而模拟DXA股骨颈BMD、模拟DXA股骨粗隆区BMD、股骨颈皮质骨体积、股骨颈松质骨BMD、股骨颈松质骨体积、股骨颈综合骨BMD、股骨颈综合骨体积、股骨粗隆区皮质骨体积、股骨粗隆区松质骨BMD、股骨粗隆区松质骨体积、股骨粗隆区综合骨体积左侧参数分别为(0.52±0.10)g/cm2、(0.78±0.13)g/cm2、5.80 cm3、(0.06±0.03)g/cm3、(5.19±1.40)cm3、(0.25±0.04)g/cm3、15.66 cm3、(21.74±3.43)cm3、(0.08±0.03)g/cm3、(34.27±6.09)cm3、(76.12±11.11)cm3,右侧分别为(0.52±0.10)g/cm2、(0.78±0.13)g/cm2、6.01 cm3、(0.06±0.02)g/cm3、(5.17±1.27)cm3、(0.25±0.04)g/cm3、15.62 cm3、(22.12±3.60)cm3、(0.09±0.03)g/cm3、(34.17±5.94)cm3、(76.53±10.71)cm3,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).左右两侧近段股骨QCT各相对应参数之间的r值范围在0.656～0.955,均具有相关性(P<0.05).QCT模拟DXA股骨颈和粗隆区BMD与真正DXA测量的相应值之间r值分别为0.685和0.855,具有相关性(P<0.05).结论 利用QCT技术可以对老年妇女近段股骨不同区域和不同成分的BMD和结构进行精确定量分析,QCT是骨质疏松研究中非常有用的测量技术.     

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry applied to the assessment of tibial subchondral bone mineral density in osteoarthritis of the knee

Objective Plain X-ray is an imprecise tool for monitoring the subchondral bony changes associated with the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Our objective was to develop and validate a technique for assessing tibial subchondral bone density (BMD) in knee OA using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).Design Patients with OA of at least one knee underwent DXA scanning of both knees. Regions of interest (ROI) were placed in the lateral and medial compartments of tibial subchondral bone. Weight-bearing plain X-rays and Te ^99m scintiscans of both knees were obtained and scored.Results One hundred and twelve patients (223 knees) underwent DXA and radiography. Intra-observer CV% was 2.4% and 1.0% for the medial and lateral ROI respectively. Definite OA (Kellgren and Lawrence Grade 2, 3 or 4) was correlated with age-related preservation of subchondral BMD compared to radiographically normal knees. Raised BMD was also associated with subchondral sclerosis, and positive scintigraphy.Conclusion DXA may provide a safe, rapid and reliable means of assessing knee OA. Cross-sectional age-related subchondral tibial BMD loss is attenuated by knee OA.Work completed at Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK     

Measurements of bone mineral density of the proximal femur by two commercially available dual energy X-ray absorptiometric systems

Two dual energy X-ray absorptiometric (DXA) instruments have recently become commercially available for local bone densitometry: the QDR-1000 (Hologic Inc.) and the DPX (Lunar Radiation Corp.). We report the precision, influence of femoral rotation, correlation and agreement of bone mineral measurements of the proximal femur by these two instruments. In vitro (femur phantom) short-term precision was 1.1%–3.5%, and the long-term precision was 1.2%–3.8%. In vivo (groups of 10 premenopausal and 10 postmenopausal women) short-term precision of duplicate measurements was 1.6%–4.7%, and long-term precision was 1.9%–5.5%. Overall, the precision for Ward's triangle was over 3% and that for the femoral neck and trochanter, 2%–3%. Rotation of a femur phantom produced a statistically significant change in the bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck. Within a clinically relevant range of femoral rotation (20° inward rotation ±5°) the coefficient of variation (CV%) increased by a mean factor of 1.1–1.4. Although the correlation (r < 0.9) between BMD measurements of the proximal femur by the DPX and QDR-1000 in 30 postmenopausal women was high, there was lack of agreement between the two instruments. We found no statistically significant differences between the right and left femur in 30 postmenopausal women. A bilateral femur scan took a mean total time of about 22 min. We conclude that with the introduction of DXA instruments, the precision of bone mineral measurements of the proximal femur has improved. However, for comparability between commercially available DXA instruments, it might be advantageous if units were standardized. Offprint requests to: O.L. Svendsen     

The relationship of sustained exercise training and bone mineral density in aging male runners

Fifty-six men aged 42–73 years (50.2±10.0 years), who were competitive distance runners 20–25 years previously, were examined for bone mineral density (BMD) to determine the relationship between sustained distance running and BMD. Subjects were classified as being highly trained (HT, n =17), moderately trained (MT, n =29) or untrained (UT, n =10) according to their training in recent years. Subjects in each group were of similar age (HT 46.5±2.01, MT 53.0±1.51, UT 46.7±2.44 years) and lean body mass. Total body weight (kg) and percentage fat, however, were significantly greater ( P <0.05) in the UT group than in either the MT or HT groups (UT 80.6±2.44 kg, 22.0±1.16%; MT 74.9±1.51 kg, 17.5±0.61%; HT 70.5±1.71 kg, 13.5±0.59%). Lumbar vertebrae and hip region BMD (g·cm⁻²) was determined via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). No differences in BMD were found among the three groups in either the lumbar (HT 1.00±0.02, MT 1.02±0.03, UT 1.07±0.04 g·cm⁻²) or the hip regions (HT 0.99±0.03, MT 0.98±0.02, UT 1.06±0.04 g·cm⁻²). Furthermore, none of the groups had BMD that was significantly different from age-matched normative values taken from a reference database. A moderate correlation was found between body weight and BMD when combining all subjects ( r =0.38 for lumbar and r =0.41 for hip). These results indicate that middle-aged to older males who have sustained exercise training in the form of running do not have significantly different lumbar vertebrae or hip region BMD compared to individuals who run less or not at all.     

老年男性腰椎的QCT骨密度测量

目的:探讨老年男性腰椎定量CT(QCT)骨密度(BMD)测量的价值及其应用中的注意事项。方法:对516例老年男性进行腰椎体松质骨的QCT骨密度测量。检查时通过L_(1～5)椎体中心和腰椎体模中心行轴位扫描。然后对各椎体及体模图像进行测量。所得数据由腰椎骨密度分析软件分析处理,得出个体腰椎的平均骨密度值及T-Score值、Z-Score值,再将其结果与正常人群的骨密度峰值进行比较,经分析得出诊断结论。诊断标准参照WHO的标准及国内推荐的标准执行。结果:516例中骨密度正常者24例,占4.7%;骨密度降低者109例,占21.1%;骨质疏松症者318例,占61.6%;严重骨质疏松症者65例,占12.6%。结论:腰椎体松质骨的QCT骨密度测量可较早地反映出老年男性体内骨矿含量的变化,对早期发现和确诊老年男性的骨质疏松症具有十分重要的价值。在QCT检查中,需高度重视测量质量的控制。     

Muscle strength correlates with total body bone mineral density in young women but not in men

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a growing health problem. One of the proposed reasons for this is a more sedentary lifestyle. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between muscle strength and total body bone mineral density (TBMD) in young adults at expected peak bone mass. METHODS: Sixty-four women and 61 men (total 125) 21 years of age were included. Handgrip strength, isokinetic knee-flexion and -extension muscle strength, TBMD, and body composition were measured. RESULTS: Univariate regression analyses showed that knee flexion and extension explained almost 30% of the variation in TBMD in women, whereas handgrip strength was not associated with TBMD. In men, no correlation between any measures of muscle strength and TBMD was evident. Stepwise regression analysis showed that knee-flexion and -extension muscle strength in women were associated with TBMD, R2=0.27. In men, lean body mass, fat mass, weight, and height were predictors for TBMD, R2=0.43, whereas muscle strength did not affect the prediction of TBMD. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle strength at weight-bearing sites is related to TBMD in women, whereas body composition is related to TBMD in men. The association of lower limb strength on TBMD only in young women indicates a gender difference.     

西安地区人群骨密度检测及骨质疏松分析

目的:研究西安地区人群骨密度(BMD)变化规律及骨质疏松(OP)的发病状况,为OP的防治提供依据。方法:采用美国SXA3000骨密度分析仪对西安地区23~76岁的人群522人进行跟骨BMD检测。结果:男女骨峰值均在21~30岁年龄段,随年龄段增高BMD逐渐下降,50岁以上女性和60岁以上男性骨量呈快速下降(P<0.01);骨量减少发生率男女性各年龄段均较高,60岁以上年龄组骨量减少发生率男性高于女性(P<0.01);而严重骨质疏松发生率则女性显著高于男性(P<0.01)。结论:骨质疏松发病率与年龄和性别相关。从青年起定期监测骨密度,并尽早调治骨量减少是预防老年性骨质疏松的重要措施。     

Measurements of bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and proximal femur using lunar prodigy and the new pencil-beam dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Objective  

We evaluated the correlation of the absolute bone mineral density (BMD) values of the lumbar spine and standard sites of the proximal femur obtained from a Lunar Prodigy and the newly developed pencil-beam dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Dexxum).