神经-肌电图与MRI检查结合诊断臂丛神经损伤

【目的】评价神经 肌电图和MRI检查以及两者结合在臂丛神经损伤诊断治疗中的价值。【方法】对 2 7例臂丛神经损伤患者行术前神经 肌电图、MRI和术中神经 肌电图检查 ,并与手术探查中的发现进行比较 ;比较术前神经 肌电图与MRI检查同术中体感诱发电位 (SEP)检查在确定神经完全性损伤中的作用。【结果】术前神经 肌电图检查对臂丛损伤定性、定位诊断的完全符合率为 70 4 % ,基本符合率为 96 3% ;它们对臂丛神经根撕脱诊断的符合率分别为 5 5 6 %和 6 8 5 % ,两者结合可提高诊断符合率至 85 2 % ;SEP对完全性臂丛损伤的诊断率高于神经肌电图和MRI ,可能因例数太少 ,未能发现统计学差异。【结论】神经 肌电图检查和MRI检查可明显提高臂丛损伤的完全和基本符合率 ,是一种有前途的辅助诊断、指导治疗臂丛神经损伤的途径 ,术中进行SEP检查更加有利于手术方式的选择。     

神经—肌电图与MRI检查结合诊断臂丛神经损伤

目的：评价神经-肌电图和MRI检查以及两结合在臂丛神经损伤诊断治疗中的价值。方法：对27例臂丛神经损伤患行术前神经-肌电图、MRI和术中神经-肌电图检查，并与手术探查中的发现进行比较；比较术前神经-肌电图与MRI检查同术中体感诱发电位(SEP)检查在确定神经完全损伤中的作用。结果：术前神经-肌电图检查对臂丛损伤定性、定位诊断的完全符合率为70.4％，基本符合率为96.3％；它们对臂丛神经根撕脱诊断的符合率分别为55.6％和68.5％，两结合可提高诊断符合率至85.2％；SEP对完全性臂丛损伤的诊断率高于神经肌电图和MRI，可能因例数太少，未能发现统计学差异。结论：神经-肌电图检查和MRI检查可明显提高臂丛损伤的完全和基本符合率，是一种有前途的辅助诊断、指导治疗臂丛神经损伤的途径，术中进行SEP检查更加有利于手术方式的选择。     

MRI与CT在急性颅脑损伤中的诊断研究

目的探讨MRI与CT在急性颅脑损伤中的诊断价值。方法选取本院2019年1月至2020年1月收治的72例急性颅脑损伤患者,均在本院术前行MRI与CT检查,并行手术治疗,术中确诊为急性颅脑损伤。术后统计72例患者术中探查及病理诊断结果,与术前MRI与CT诊断结果进行比较,统计并比较两者符合率。比较MRI与CT对患者颅骨骨折类型、原发性出血情况及部位、原发性神经损伤等诊断效果,并分析两者的影像学特征。结果 CT诊断与手术病理诊断符合率(70.83%,51/72)显著低于MRI诊断(86.11%,62/72),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但CT和MRI检查误诊率(14.28%、4.17%)和漏诊率(13.89%、9.72%)比较差异均无统计学意义。不同颅骨骨折类型中,CT对粉碎性骨折(96.88%)、线形骨折诊断(100.00%)与手术病理诊断符合率均显著高于MRI(87.50%、81.25%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两者对凹陷性骨折诊断与手术病理诊断符合率均为100.00%。CT对颅骨骨折诊断与手术病理诊断符合率(98.08%)均显著高于MRI(86.54%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同出血部位中,MRI对硬膜内血肿(95.24%)、脑内出血(100.00%)和脑室内出血诊断(100.00%)与手术病理诊断符合率均显著高于CT(71.43%、83.33%、81.82%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);CT和MRI对硬膜外血肿诊断与手术病理诊断符合率(85.00%、95.00%)比较差异无统计学意义。MRI对颅脑原发性出血、原发性神经损伤诊断与手术病理诊断符合率(97.14%、87.50%)均显著高于CT(80.00%、62.50%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 MRI对急性颅脑损伤引发的出血及神经损伤诊断准确性较高,而CT对颅骨骨折的诊断效果较为准确,但MRI总体诊断价值更高,临床实际检查中可优先考虑,必要时联合应用,以提高诊断准确率。     

MSCT联合MRI对宫颈癌患者术前临床分期诊断符合率的影响

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)联合磁共振成像(MRI)对宫颈癌患者术前临床分期诊断符合率的影响。方法选取解放军第152中心医院2014年10月至2016年9月收治的87例宫颈癌患者,均行MSCT及MRI检查。比较MSCT、MRI单独与联合检查对宫颈癌及宫颈癌术前临床分期的诊断符合率。结果 MSCT联合MRI诊断宫颈癌符合率96.55%(84/87)高于MSCT 71.26%(62/87)、MRI 87.36%(76/87)单独诊断,对宫颈癌术前临床分期诊断符合率91.95%(80/87)高于MSCT的65.52%(57/87)和MRI的80.46%(70/87)单独诊断,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论宫颈癌患者行MSCT联合MRI检查,可提高宫颈癌术前临床分期诊断符合率,具有较高临床应用价值。     

神经肌电图对臂丛神经损伤的诊断价值

目的 观测肌电图对臂丛神经损伤的诊断价值.方法 对40例臂丛神经损伤的病人进行常规肌电图(EMG)监测,包括神经传导速度(NCV)和感觉神经动作电位(SNAP)、体感诱发电位(SEP)检测.结果 40例臂丛神经损伤全臂丛根性损伤18例,其中节前损伤16例,节后损伤2例,上、中干损伤11例,中、下干损伤5例,外侧束损伤2例.检测NCV 150条有88条异常(58.7%);检测SNAP 84条有32条(38.1%)异常;检测SEP 26例有14例(53.8%)异常;检测420块肌肉中243(57.9%)块出现异常自发性电活动.结论 肌电图检测对臂丛神经损伤在其诊断、病变水平定位及预后判断中具有重要作用.     

肌骨高频超声与MRI诊断关节软组织损伤的临床价值比较

目的:分析肌骨高频超声检查诊断关节软组织损伤的临床价值。方法:选取关节软组织损伤患者136例,患者均行肌骨高频超声检查、MRI检查。以关节镜检查结果为金标准,比较肌骨高频超声、MRI检查的诊断符合率。结果:136例患者中,87例(63.97%)囊性肿块,9例(6.62%)实性肿块,14例(10.29%)韧带损伤,15例(11.03%)肌腱损伤,3例(2.21%)肌肉损伤,5例(3.68%)半月板损伤,3例(2.21%)神经损伤;肌骨高频超声与MRI诊断囊性肿块、实性肿块、韧带损伤、肌腱损伤、肌肉损伤及神经损伤的符合率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肌骨高频超声诊断半月板损伤的符合率较MRI低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:除了半月板损伤,肌骨高频超声检查鉴别关节软组织损伤类型的能力基本上与MRI相当,考虑到检查费用和操作难度,对大部分关节软组织损伤患者建议优先采用超声检查。     

CT与MRI诊断甲状腺恶性结节的对照研究

目的评价CT与磁共振成像(MRI)检查及两者联合应用对甲状腺恶性结节的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析50例经病理证实的甲状腺恶性结节患者的CT与MRI资料,分析CT与MRI的表现,比较两者及联合检查对甲状腺恶性结节的诊断符合率。结果 MRI对甲状腺恶性结节的诊断符合率为74%(37/50),CT对甲状腺恶性结节的诊断符合率为58%(29/50),MRI诊断符合率显著高于CT,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.67,P<0.05)。MRI+CT联合检查的诊断符合率为88%(44/50),显著高于两者单独检查的诊断符合率,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.03、10.50,P<0.05)。结论 MRI+CT的联合检查能够进一步提高甲状腺恶性结节的检出率,有助于术前做出正确诊断,避免误诊和漏诊。     

MSCT及MRCP+MR对胆道梗阻性病变诊断价值比较

目的比较MSCT及MRCP+MR在胆道梗阻性病变中诊断价值。方法选择我院2013年1月-2015年8月收治66例胆管梗阻患者进行研究,均行MSCT与MRCP联合MR检查,观察2种方法影像学表现,以手术病理检查结果为基准统计2种检查方法的定位及定性诊断符合率并比较。结果定位诊断方面,CT总符合率为97.0%(64/66),MRI为100.0%(66/66),差异无统计学意义(P0.05);定性诊断方面,CT良性病变诊断符合率为76.2%(32/42),MRI为88.1%(37/42),差异无统计学意义(P0.05),CT恶性病变的诊断符合率为75.8%(18/24),低于MRI 95.8%(23/24),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论MSCT及MRCP+MR在胆道梗阻性病变诊断中的应用均有较好效果,而MRCP+MR对恶性病变的诊断准确率更高,临床价值更大。     

神经肌电图对臂丛神经损伤患者术前评估及预后评价的应用

目的:探究分析神经肌电图(EMG)对臂丛神经损伤患者术前评估及预后评价的应用效果。方法:选择我院80例臂丛神经损伤患者作为观察对象,以手术探查确诊作为金标准,术前采用EMG检测,分析其诊断效果,术后随访采用EMG检测评估其预后效果。结果:术前采用EMG检测诊断臂丛神经损伤类型的准确率为96. 25%,Kappa检验发现其与手术探查结果具有高度一致性(κ=0. 943,P<0. 05);术前采用EMG检测诊断臂丛神经损伤性质的准确率为92. 5%,Kappa检验发现其与手术探查结果具有高度一致性(κ=0. 85,P<0. 05)。在后期病情随访方面,采用EMG检测对患者术后恢复情况取得较好的判断效果,很好地实现了术后评估。结论:神经肌电图对检测臂丛神经损伤的部位和程度及预后效果评价具有可靠的临床价值。     

骶骨骨折合并骶神经损伤的MRI诊断及临床应用效果

目的:探讨骶骨骨折合并骶神经损伤的磁共振成像(MRI)诊断及临床应用效果。方法:抽取60例疑似骶骨骨折合并骶神经损伤患者,均对其进行X线片、MRI检测,以病理学诊断为金标准,对比影像检查结果。结果:金标准检出骶骨骨折合并骶神经损伤患者阳性49例、阴性11例;MRI检查敏感度为79.59%(39/49)、准确度为76.67%(46/60),均高于X线片检查敏感度为61.22%、58.33%(P<0.05);2组特异度63.67%、45.45%,比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:骶骨骨折合并骶神经损伤的MRI诊断及临床应用效果昱著,具有高的准确度、敏感度,值得推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.