贝伐单抗对荷耐顺铂人肺腺癌A549/DDP裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长的影响

目的 探讨贝伐单抗联合或不联合顺铂对耐顺铂肺腺癌A549/DDP移植瘤生长的抑制作用.方法 建立裸鼠移植瘤模型,随机分成空白对照组(A组)、单药贝伐单抗组(B组)、单药顺铂组(C组)、联合用药组(D组)和联合半剂量组(E组)5组,连续用药4周.观察肿瘤生长情况,计算抑瘤率;免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织微血管密度(MVD);RT-PCR分析各组经治疗后凋亡基因bcl-2及耐药基因(LRP、GST-Π)mRNA表达情况.结果 与空白对照组比较,经贝伐单抗治疗组(B、D、E组)抑瘤率分别为20.96%、51.67%、50.95%,联合用药组(D、E组)效果最佳.经贝伐单抗治疗组微血管密度分别为18.6±1.14、13.6±1.14、14.4±0.55,联合用药组最为显著,而单药顺铂组与对照组在抑瘤率和微血管密度表达上均无差异(P=0.632).经贝伐单抗治疗组bcl-2 mRNA表达较对照组有显著差异(P＜0.001),但三组之间无差异(P＞0.05);五组之间在LRP、GST-Π mRNA表达上无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 贝伐单抗对荷A549/DDP裸鼠移植瘤有抑制作用,联合顺铂用药有显著协同作用,同时提高A549/DDP耐药细胞对顺铂的敏感性,其作用机制可能与抑制肿瘤微血管形成、诱导细胞凋亡增加有关.     

贝伐单抗联合TNP-470治疗结肠癌的实验研究

目的观察贝伐单抗联合血管生成抑制剂TNP-470治疗裸鼠结肠癌移植瘤的疗效,二者是否有协同效果。方法随机将48只大肠癌裸鼠分为对照组(A组)、贝伐单抗组(B组)、血管生成抑制剂(C组)、贝伐单抗与血管生成抑制剂联合组(D组),A组于左侧腋部皮下注射0.9%生理盐水30mg/kg,B组于左侧腋部皮下注射贝伐单抗5mg/kg,C组于左侧腋部皮下注射血管生成抑制剂TNP-470 30mg/kg,D组于左侧腋部皮下注射贝伐单抗5mg/kg和TNP-470 30mg/kg,1次/d,连用14d,至治疗结束时处死裸鼠,测量皮下移植瘤的长短径,分析各组间肿瘤体积差异的显著性;测量皮下移植瘤重量,计算抑瘤率;用细胞凋亡检测试剂盒测定裸鼠移植瘤凋亡水平,免疫组化检测结肠癌转移瘤血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达和肿瘤微血管密度(MVD)。结果各实验组肿瘤的生长明显受到抑制,裸鼠皮下移植瘤瘤重、抑瘤率,D组和A组、B组、C组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),且B组、C组和A组之间差异亦有统计学意义;B、C、D组均可诱导移植瘤的凋亡,且差异有统计学意义;D组中的VEGF表达及MVD计数较A、B、C组均明显降低,差异有统计学意义。结论贝伐单抗与血管生成抑制剂TNP-470联合治疗结肠癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤比贝伐单抗或TNP-470单药治疗具有更强的抑瘤作用,二者联和应用,抗肿瘤效应明显增强。     

放射性125I粒子对肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤VEGF表达的影响

目的 探讨放射性125I粒子对肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响.方法 建立肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,将24只小鼠随机分为对照组和观察组,每组12只.观察组小鼠植入125I粒子,对照组小鼠植入空白粒子.检测裸鼠移植瘤体积、瘤重,计算抑瘤率.采用免疫组织化学法检测移植瘤组织内VEGF蛋白表达.采用PCR法检测移植瘤组织内VEGF mRNA表达.结果 观察组小鼠移植瘤体积及瘤重[(0.658±0.213) g]均明显小于对照组[(1.807±0.625) g],组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组小鼠平均抑瘤率为(68.2±5.3)%;观察组移植瘤中VEGF蛋白表达及VEGF mRNA表达分别为(22.6±5.9)、(98.7±8.2),均明显低于对照组的(58.5±6.4)、(138.7±5.2),组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 放射性125I粒子植入可显著抑制肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长,抑制VEGF表达可能是其主要作用机制.     

肺积汤对Lewis肺癌裸鼠移植瘤新生血管的影响

目的观察肺积汤对Lewis肺癌移植瘤新生血管的影响,并探讨其机制。方法 BALB/c雄性裸鼠30只,复苏转染绿色荧光的裸鼠Lewis肺癌细胞株,接种于裸鼠左侧腋下,制备裸鼠Lewis肺癌模型,随机数字表法分为生理盐水组、肺积汤组和贝伐单抗组,每组10只。生理盐水组给予0.9%生理盐水0.4mL/只,灌胃,1天1次;肺积汤组给予肺积汤混悬液(生药含量1g/mL)22.2mg·kg~(-1),调整至0.4mL/只,灌胃,1天1次;贝伐单抗组给予贝伐单抗15mg·kg~(-1),调整至0.2mL/只,腹腔注射,1周2次,持续用药21天后处死裸鼠,收集血清、皮下瘤。HE染色观察皮下瘤血管情况,免疫组化法检测皮下瘤微血管密度(MVD)、血管内皮生长因子-A(VEGF-A)表达量;ELISA法测定血清VEGF-A水平。结果与生理盐水组比较,肺积汤组及贝伐单抗组瘤重减轻[(6.15±1.49)g、(4.32±0.77)g比(7.92±1.09)g,P0.05,P0.01],瘤体积缩小[(3.73±1.06)cm~3、(2.36±1.99)cm~3比(4.97±1.68)cm~3,P0.05,P0.01];与生理盐水组、贝伐单抗组比较,肺积汤组裸鼠未出现明显恶病质表现。肺积汤组及贝伐单抗组裸鼠皮下瘤细胞变性坏死较少,散在红细胞少。免疫组化结果显示,与生理盐水组比较,肺积汤组及贝伐单抗组MVD减少[(18.39±1.21)、(17.40±0.86)比(27.40±10.12),P均0.05],瘤组织和血清VEGF-A表达量降低[皮下瘤组织VEGF-A:(3.35±1.15)、(3.22±1.10)比(6.98±1.74),P均0.01;血清VEGF-A:(115.38±9.15)pg/mL、(106.21±3.15)pg/mL比(130.63±4.51)pg/mL,P0.05,P0.01],肺积汤组与贝伐单抗组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肺积汤能抑制皮下瘤生长及转移,延缓恶病质发生,其作用机制可能与下调VEGF-A表达,抑制肿瘤血管新生有关。     

乙酰肝素酶反义寡核苷酸对裸鼠人肺癌细胞皮下移植瘤的抑制作用

目的 探讨乙酰肝素酶反义寡核苷酸(HPSE ASODN)对人肺癌A549细胞裸鼠皮下移植瘤的抑制作用.方法 设计合成互补于HPSE mRNA起始密码区的HPSE ASODN,以阳离子脂质体Lipofectamine包埋后转染人肺癌A549细胞进行培养.实验分ASODN组、脂质体组和对照组,采用Western-blotting检测各组A549细胞HPSE蛋白的表达;将反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)转染成功的人肺癌A549细胞注射于裸鼠皮下复制移植瘤模型(ASODN组),绘制移植瘤生长曲线,以免疫组织化学方法检测移植瘤肿瘤微血管密度(MVD),比较3组间肿瘤体积和MVD的差异.结果 与对照组和脂质体组比较,ASODN组A549细胞HPSE蛋白的表达受到明显抑制,差异有统计学意义(P ＜0.01);ASODN组裸鼠成瘤时间晚,移植瘤体积明显小于脂质体组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).ASODN组、脂质体组和对照组移植瘤的MVD计数分别为(13.5±1.8)、(24.3±2.5)和(24.7±2.6),与脂质体组、对照组比较,ASODN组MVD计数明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 HPSE ASODN明显抑制棵鼠人肺癌移植瘤的生长和血管生成,有希望成为一种有效的肺癌基因治疗方法.     

肺积汤对Lewis肺癌裸鼠移植瘤中新生血管的影响

目的 观察肺积汤对Lewis肺癌移植瘤中新生血管的影响，并探讨其机制，为中医中药在抑制肺癌生长及转移的临床应用提供实验基础和理论依据。方法 BALB/c雄性裸鼠30只，制作Lewis肺癌模型，随机数字表法随机分为3组，对照组（NS组：0.9%NS 0.4ml/只，灌胃，qd）；中药组（生药含量1g/ml： 22.2mg/kg，调整至0.4ml/只，灌胃，qd）；贝伐单抗组（贝伐单抗15mg/kg，调整至0.2ml/只，腹腔注射，biw），给药21天后处死，收集血清、皮下瘤。HE染色观察皮下瘤血管情况，免疫组化法检测皮下瘤微血管密度（MVD）、血管内皮生长因子-A（VEGF-A）的水平；ELISA法测定血清中VEGF-A水平。结果（1）一般情况：相对于对照组，中药组及贝伐单抗组瘤重小[(6.15±1.49)g，(4.32±0.77)g比（7.92±1.09）g，P均<0.05]，瘤体积小[(3.73±1.06) cm3，(2.36±1.99）cm3比(6.15±1.49) cm3, P均<0.05]；且中药组裸鼠较贝伐单抗组未出现明显恶病质表现。（2）HE染色：中药组及贝伐单抗组皮下瘤细胞变性坏死较少，散在红细胞少。（3）免疫组化：中药组及贝伐单抗组MVD小[(18.39±1.21), (17.40±0.8)比( 27.40±10.12) , P<0.05]；VEGF-A表达低[(3.35±1.151), (3.22±1.10)比(6.98±1.74), P<0.05]，但中药组与贝伐单抗组组间差异小，无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（4）ELISA：中药及贝伐单抗可下调血清VEGF-A表达[(115.38±9.15)，(106.21±3.15)比(130.63±4.51), P均<0.01]。结论 （1）肺积汤能抑制皮下瘤生长，延缓恶病质发生；（2）肺积汤能下调组织及血清VEGF-A的阳性表达，降低微血管密度，维持血管稳态。（3）肺积汤抑制肿瘤生长及转移，可能与下调促血管生长因子表达，抑制肿瘤血管新生有关。     

靶向肝癌HepG2细胞VEGF基因siRNA表达载体裸鼠成瘤抑制作用

目的 探讨靶向肝癌HepG2细胞VEGF基因siRNA表达载体对人肝癌细胞株裸鼠成瘤的抑制作用.方法 将设计并合成构建好的靶向肝癌HepG2细胞VEGF基因的psuper.retro.neo-VEGF-siRNA表达载体转入HepG2细胞,通过G418抗性筛选出稳定株(HepG2/psuper.retro.neo-VEGF-siRNA,实验组),同时设对照组(HepG2/psuper.retro.neo组)和空白组(HepG2组).分别移植BALA/c裸鼠成瘤,计算各组鼠成瘤潜伏期和接种20 d后瘤重,Western-blotting检测肿瘤组织中VEGF的表达变化,免疫组织化学SP法检测瘤组织内微血管密度(MVD).结果 实验组、对照组和空白组裸鼠成瘤潜伏期分别为(9.2±1.2)、(3.9±0.7)和(3.8±0.9)d;接种20 d后3组平均瘤重分别为(194±57)、(566±86)和(626±96)g;瘤组织VEGF蛋白表达水平分别为(0.075±0.012)、(0.198±0.009)和(0.205±0.008);MVD分别为(13.6±2.8)、(34.3±2.9)和(35.3±3.5),实验组与对照组和空白组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 合成和构建的靶向人肝癌HepG2VEGF基因干扰质粒具有抑制人肝癌细胞裸鼠成瘤和血管生成的作用.     

SFBR联合贝伐珠单抗对结肠癌脉管系统的影响

目的 探讨单次近距离放疗（SFBR）联合贝伐珠单抗对结肠癌脉管系统的影响。方法 复制小鼠结肠癌移植瘤模型，随机分为空白对照组、SFBR组、贝伐珠单抗组、SFBR联合贝伐珠单抗组（以下简称联合组）。治疗结束后第14天计算移植瘤的终体积和肿瘤生长抑制率。运用¹⁸F-FDG micro PET/CT测量肿瘤最大标准摄取值（SUV_max），评估肿瘤代谢活性。采用免疫组织化学法检测肿瘤组织的微血管密度（MVD）、淋巴管密度（LVD）、血管生成拟态密度（VMD）及肿瘤细胞Ki-67阳性表达率。利用流式细胞学技术检测肿瘤细胞凋亡率，评估肿瘤凋亡情况。结果 联合组肿瘤组织中MVD、LVD、VMD低于SFBR组和贝伐珠单抗组（P <0.05），SUV_max、Ki-67表达水平低于SFBR组和贝伐珠单抗组（P <0.05）；而联合组肿瘤抑制率、肿瘤细胞凋亡率高于SFBR组和贝伐珠单抗组（P <0.05）。结论 SFBR联合贝伐珠单抗能降低结肠癌组织中MVD、LVD、VMD，从而有效抑制结肠癌的生长。     

环氧化酶-2在肺癌血管生成中的作用及机制

目的　探讨环氧化酶-2 (COX- 2) 在肺癌血管生成中的作用及可能机制。方法　应用免疫组织化学法研究79例人肺癌组织COX 2、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF) 的表达; 建立裸鼠肺癌细胞株A549 移植瘤模型, 观察选择性COX- 2抑制剂尼米舒利(NIM) 对肿瘤生长的影响, 并用RT-PCR及免疫组织化学法检测裸鼠移植瘤组织的VEGF基因及蛋白表达。结果　在人肺癌组织中COX -2表达的阳性率为65. 8%, VEGF阳性率为72 .2%, COX -2 与VEGF显著相关(P<0 .01)。在裸鼠移植瘤体内实验中, NIM可有效抑制肿瘤的生长; 与对照组相比, NIM处理组肿瘤组织中VEGF mRNA及蛋白的表达均明显下调(均P<0. 01)。结论　COX -2与肺癌血管生成密切相关, 其作用机制可能是上调促血管生成因子VEGF的表达。关键词　肺癌; 　环氧化酶2; 　血管内皮生长因子     

5-烯丙基-7-二氟亚甲基白杨素对人肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

目的 研究5-烯丙基-7-二氟亚甲基白杨素(ADFMChR)对人肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响.方法 建立人肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,测定荷人肺癌裸鼠移植瘤的大小和重量,应用免疫组化SP法检测移植瘤组织中PCNA、VEGF、CD31的表达.结果 ADFMChR对肺癌移植瘤生长有显著抑制作用(P<0.01),5.0、10.0、20.0 mg/(kg·bw)的ADFMChR对移植瘤的瘤重抑制率分别为42.98%,82.31%和89.91%.免疫组化检测结果表明:ADFMChR具有抑制肺腺癌裸鼠移植瘤细胞PCNA、VEGF及CD31蛋白表达作用.结论 ADFMChR抑制肺腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长作用与其抑制移植瘤细胞PCNA、VEGF以及CD31的蛋白表达相关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.