蛇毒去整合素Kistrin对正常及糖尿病兔LECs增殖的抑制作用

目的观察高血糖对兔眼晶状体摘出术后后囊膜混浊(posterior capsular opacification,PCO)的影响,探讨蛇毒去整合素Kistrin对晶状体上皮细胞(lens epithelial cells,LECs)增殖的抑制作用。方法制作正常血糖及糖尿病兔PCO模型,随机分组:正常血糖组分为A、B两组(每组3只兔3眼),糖尿病组分为C、D两组(每组3只兔3眼),A、C组为对照组(术毕前房注入林格氏液),B、D组为用药组(术毕前房注入80mg·mL-1的Kistrin2mL)。注药后在裂隙灯显微镜下观察4组PCO发生情况及形态并计算增殖指数(PI),注药后14d时取材,检测LECs增生细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)的表达。结果糖尿病兔PCO发生程度重于正常血糖兔;A组PI为0.25±0.05,B组0.03±0.01,C组0.86±0.04,D组0.65±0.08,A组PI明显小于C组(P=0.00),用药后B、D组PI均分别明显小于A、C组(均为P=0.01),但B组PI明显小于D组(P=0.00)。结论与正常血糖兔相比,糖尿病兔的PCO发生率较高,其LECs的增殖能力较强,Kistrin可明显抑制正常血糖及糖尿病兔的LECs增殖。     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转预防后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 观察白内障超声乳化术中应用双氯芬酸钠水分离联合转核技术对后发障的预防作用.方法 将72例(80只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为4组分别行超声乳化术.A组使用生理盐水进行水分离,B组使用利多卡因水分离,c组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离,D组使用双氯芬酸钠水分离并联合转核.观察患者术后视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、晶状体后囊膜混浊(eco)分级情况.结果 各组术后各时期最佳矫正视力和角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义(P0.05).各组后囊膜混浊分级差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.109,P<0.001),C组和D组PCO分级低于A、B对照组,且D组PCO分级低于C组.结论 双氯芬酸钠水分离联合核旋转能有效降低后发性白内障发生率,且眼内使用较为安全.     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.