陆军新兵心理症状问卷常模的建立及其结果分析

目的 :建立新兵心理症状问卷 (SCL 90 )常模 ,为研究新兵心理健康提供参考依据。方法 :对广州军区、北京军区、南京军区的 4 6 15名新兵进行SCL 90测试 ,并将结果与军人常模进行比较。结果 :新兵SCL 90总分为 133 0 5± 36 90 ,阳性项目数为 2 7 70± 18 32 ,阳性均分为 2 4 0± 0 4 3,SCL 90所含 10个因子分均显著低于军人常模 (P <0 0 1) ;各因子阳性症状中呈中、重度人数比例为 2 7%～ 18 2 % ;独生子女新兵SCL 90总分、阳性均分及躯体化、忧郁、焦虑、敌对等因子分显著高于非独生子女 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。结论 :本研究所建立的陆军男性新兵及独生子女新兵SCL 90常模可作为研究新兵心理状况的本底资料     

高原新兵基础训练期间心理状况调查

目的　了解高原新兵基础训练期间的心理健康状态。方法　应用症状自评量表 (SCL 90 )调查某部 2 0 0 2年度集训的新兵 14 41人 ,收回有效问卷 14 0 2份 (合格率 97 2 9% )。结果　高原新兵基础训练期间躯体化、焦虑、恐惧、精神病性因子得分明显高于内地集训的新兵 (P<0 0 5 )。结论　高原新兵是心理障碍和心理疾病的高发人群。     

军人罪犯人格特征及心理状态调查分析

目的　了解军人罪犯的心理健康状况及个性特征。方法　采用精神症状自评量表 (SCL 90 )、艾森克人格问卷进行评估。结果　SCL 90量表提示军人罪犯较常见的症状为躯体化不适为 2 0 9分 ,强迫为 2 14分 ,抑郁为 2 0 8分 ,焦虑为 1 81分 ,精神病性症状为 1 76分。EPQ提示个性内外向 ,中间占 5 0 0 %、倾内向占 16 7%、内向占 12 5 %、倾外向占 12 5 %、外向占 8 3 %,情绪稳定度是中间、稳定、倾向稳定、倾向不稳定、不稳定者分别为 45 8%,16 7%,4 2 %,2 5 0 %,8 4%。结论　军人罪犯常见的心理问题为躯体化不适、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性症状 ,不良人格对其犯罪行为具有重要作用     

新兵上消化道疾病与军事训练、心理应激特征关系的调查

目的 :为了解新兵上消化道疾病与军事训练、心理应激的关系 ,进而为防治官兵消化道疾病提供理论依据。方法 :以新兵军事训练为背景 ,采用快速尿素酶试验判断Hp感染情况 ,胃镜检查同时取胃黏膜活检及B超检查 ,了解 15 0名入伍 1个月新兵消化道疾病发病状况 ,并运用SCL 90问卷调查进行心理相关分析。结果 :SCL 90≥ 16 0组严重胃病的发生率约为 31 9%(15 /47) ,显著高于SCL 90 <16 0组 16 8%(16 /95 ,χ2 =4 186 ,P <0 0 5 )。有消化道症状新兵SCL 90积分为 170 0 0± 4 2 0 6 ,与无症状组的 136 90±30 5 6比较 ,差异亦非常显著 (t =5 4 2 2 ,P <0 0 1)。表明Hp感染可能与其他因素一起 ,促发新兵中较高的胃肠道疾病的发生率。结论 :军事训练和心理应激可能引发或加重胃肠道疾病。     

高原汽车兵心理健康状况及预防保健措施

目的：研究高原汽车兵心理健康状况及预防保健措施。方法：采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）,对驻扎在海拔2800米地区某部汽车团700名汽车兵进行团体测试。与SCL-90军人常模、高原一般军人进行比较。结果：高原汽车兵SCL-90总均分76.00±0.59,阳性项目数41.01±21.06和各因子得分均显著高于中国军人常模（P〈0.01）;除阳性项目数外,SCL-90总均分和各因子得分明显低于高原一般军人（P〈0.05）。结论：高原汽车兵心理健康状况差,表现为躯体症状较多,情绪紧张、焦虑和抑郁,人际关系紧张,具有一定强迫倾向。     

西藏林芝地区部分人群对疟疾疫情的心理反应调查

目的探讨发生疟疾疫情后，人们的心理应激反应情况。方法采用SCL-90问卷，资料采用t检验，使用SPSS统计分析软件。结果研究组SCL-90各因子分中恐怖、人际关系、敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、总分、总均分、阳性项目数、阳性症状均分明显高于对照组，P〈0．01。研究组总分〉160分者共176人。占34．24％，阳性项目分数〉43分者182人，占35．41％，各因子≥3分者占1．4％～6．4％，明显高于对照组的0．4％～4．5％。结论疟疾疫情爆发后，人们的心理健康状况发生了明显变化。     

海拔5000m以上地区官兵心理健康状况调查

目的 :为了深入了解特高海拔区官兵的心理健康状况 ,以便更有效的开展心理疏导和心理咨询工作。方法 :采用症状自评量表 (SCL 90 ) ,对“自觉无症状”至“严重”采用 1～ 5分的 5级评分制记分 ;同时采用龚耀先修订的艾森克人格问卷 ,对我部海拔 5 0 0 0m以上地区驻守和施工的 343名官兵进行了调查。所有数据用SPSS11.0软件进行统计学处理。结果 :特高海拔组SCL 90测评结果与中国成人常模比较 ,其躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等因子得分高于地方成人 ,两组间差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1) ;同时高于军人常模 ,两组间差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。特高海拔组SCL 90各因子心理异常检出率、EPQ各人格维度粗分均差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )或非常显著 (P <0 .0 1) ;SCL 90各因子分与EPQ各维度分的相关分析发现 ,SCL 90各因子分与EPQ的精神质性 (P分 )及神经质或情绪稳定性 (N分 )呈显著正相关 ,与精神质性相关系数最高。结论 :驻 5 0 0 0m以上特高海拔区官兵存在的心理问题值得重视。     

非典型肺炎医学隔离期间心理状况分析及其干预措施

目的 :了解因接触“非典”患者而被隔离观察者的心理健康状态。方法 :用SCL 90量表对 5 2名实习生于隔离初期及结束当天各测定 1次 ,期间进行心理健康教育 ,结果与中国成人常模组比较。结果 :5 2名被隔离人员SCL 90的躯体化症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等标准分显著高于成人常模组 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1)。经过一系列健康教育措施及心理干预措施后 ,心理健康水平有所改善 ,但敌对、偏执、精神病性因子评分仍高于常模组。结论 :“非典”流行期间 ,被隔离观察者心理健康水平明显低于常模。     

游泳运动员身心健康诸因素对临场成绩发挥的影响

对 43名游泳运动员作艾森克人格问卷 (EPQ)和 90项症状自评量表 (SCL90 )测查 ,并记录其他有关心理社会因素和临场发挥情况 ,通过数据分析探索身心健康诸因素与临场成绩发挥程度的关系。结果显示 ,SCL90测查总分和躯体化、强迫性、焦虑、抑郁、敌对等因子分 ,以及EPQ测查的情绪不稳定性 (N分 )都与临场发挥程度有负相关性 (P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1)。此外 ,文化程度与临场发挥有负相关性 (P <0 .0 1) ,而朋友数与临场发挥呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结果提示 ,身心健康和个性因素对运动员的临场发挥有重要影响 ,加强运动员身心卫生工作应是运动员心理训练的重要组成部分。     

驻岛官兵幸福感指数等与心理健康水平相关性研究

目的：探讨驻岛官兵幸福感指数、心理应激与心理健康水平的相关性。方法：随机抽取某驻岛官兵591例,按照症状自评量表（SCL-90）总分分为阳性组（≥160分）71例和阴性组（≤159分）520例。采用幸福感指数量表、军人心理应激自评问卷（PSET）和SCL-90对其进行测评,并分析驻岛官兵幸福感指数、心理应激与心理健康水平的相关性。结果：阴性组情感内涵、生活满意度因子和幸福感指数分值均非常显著高于阳性组（P〈0．01）,而PSET总分非常显著低于阳性组（P〈0．01）。Pearson相关分析结果显示,幸福感指数、情感内涵、生活满意度因子分值,与SCL-90总分及焦虑、抑郁、人际关系敏感因子、PSET总分分值呈显著或非常显著负相关（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,PSET总分与SCL-90总分及焦虑、抑郁、人际关系敏感因子分值呈非常显著正相关（P〈0．01）。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,抑郁因子进入以幸福感指数为因变量的回归方程,焦虑和抑镌因子进入以PSET总分为因变量的回归方程。结论：驻岛官兵幸福感指数、心理应激与心理健康水平显著相关,焦虑和抑郁是主要影响因素。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.