选择性血管造影对"不明原因"消化道出血的诊断

目的：探讨选择性血管造影对不明原因消化道出血的诊断价值。方法：28例反复不明原因消化道出血患者，经Seldinger's法靶动脉插管PUCK造影，其中24例造影阳性者，经外科手术治疗，并将血管造影表现与手术病理对照。结果：定位诊断率87．5％（21／24），与手术病理诊断的符合率为75％（18／24），病变性质为：肿瘤性病变6例，血管畸形15例，麦克尔氏憩室2例，克隆氏病1例。结论：选择性血管造影对不明原因的消化道出血的定位、定性诊断有肯定的价值。     

18例不明原因的消化道出血的数字减影血管造影诊断及介入治疗

目的：研究不明原因的消化道出血的数字减影血管造影（Digital Subtraction Angiography，DSA）诊断及介入治疗。方法：报告18例不明原因消化道出血的DSA表现及结果。结果：16例明确了出血部位及出血原因，2例造影阴性；其中10例行介入性栓塞治疗。结论：DSA对不明原因的消化道出血有肯定的诊断价值及治疗意义。     

急慢性下消化道出血的数字减影血管造影诊断与介入治疗

目的探讨急慢性下消化道出血数字减影血管造影（DSA）影像诊断与介入栓塞治疗的临床应用。方法通过对35例急慢性下消化道出血患者行DSA造影检查,分析有无肿瘤染色、异常血管显现及造影剂外溢等影像资料,判断下消化道出血的部位及原因。对30例阳性发现者,行超选择性造影确诊并介入灌注及栓塞治疗。结果本组35例患者DSA造影发现出血30例,其中15例肿瘤,11例肠血管发育不良,4例结肠溃疡,总阳性率为85．7％（30／35）。结论DSA检查对下消化出血有定位、定性诊断。其对阳性患者行介入栓塞治疗达到止血的目的,部分患者可以根治,是一种有效、安全、微创的治疗方法。     

不明原因中下消化道出血的血管造影诊断与介入治疗

目的 探讨不明原因中下消化道出血的血管造影诊断与治疗价值. 方法 16例急性或慢性反复不明原因消化道出血患者全部为中下消化道出血,全部经Seidinger's方法股动脉插管进行靶血管造影后进行诊断与介入治疗. 结果 定位诊断率100%,定性诊断率86%,病变性质分为:肿瘤性病变5例,血管性病变11例,其中血管畸形4例,动脉瘤3例,慢性血管病变4例.16例出血患者全部治愈. 结论 血管造影对不明原因中下消化道出血病变诊断和治疗具有独特的价值.     

不明原因的消化道出血血管造影及栓塞治疗

目的探讨数字减影血管造影(DSA)在不明原因的消化道出血疾病中的诊断及治疗价值。材料与方法对11例无明确诱因的急、慢性消化道出血的病人行选择性消化道血管造影,根据造影结果分别采取栓塞、手术或联合治疗;将血管造影表现与手术和病理对照。结果经DSA检查,9例有阳性发现,2例为阴性结果;共5例即时行栓塞治疗成功止血;9例行手术治疗。定性诊断符合率为77.8%(7/9);定位诊断符合率88.9%(8/9)。结论DSA在不明原因的消化道出血疾病诊断中有着较高的阳性发现率及定性、定位诊断符合率,介入栓塞治疗有着可靠的即时止血率。     

四例下消化道出血DSA诊断报告

目的：探讨选择性动脉数字减影血管造影（Digital subtraction angiography,DSA）对下消化道出血的定位及定性诊断价值。方法：采用Seldinger法行股动脉穿刺,选择性肠系膜上、下动脉插管,对4例下消化道出血病人进行肠系膜上、下动脉DSA造影,并分析其影像学特点。结果：4例病人DSA造影后出血部位均得以明确,出血原因包括直肠上段血管畸形2例、空肠平滑肌肉瘤1例、回肠非特异性溃疡1例。血管畸形显示病变区域血管增多,增粗、迂曲呈丛状,静脉过早显影;空肠平滑肌肉瘤显示肿瘤染色;回肠非特异性溃疡显示单纯造影剂外漏。结论：选择性动脉DSA是下消化道出血定位诊断的有效方法,对肿瘤及血管性疾病可以明确其出血病因。     

DSA诊断下消化道出血100例临床观察

目的：探讨数字减影血管造影（DsA）对下消化道出血的诊断价值。方法：对100例下消化道出血患者进行选择性腹腔动脉，肠系膜上、下动脉造影。结果：100例中36例发现病变，阳性率为36％，其中小肠肿瘤15例，小肠炎症6例，肠道血管畸形15例。结论：DSA检查对下消化道出血具有重要的诊断价值。     

不明原因的消化道出血血管造影及栓塞治疗

目的 探讨数字减影血管造影(DSA)在不明原因的消化道出血疾病中的诊断及治疗价值.材料与方法 对11例无明确诱因的急、慢性消化道出血的病人行选择性消化道血管造影,根据造影结果分别采取栓塞、手术或联合治疗;将血管造影表现5手术和病理对照.结果 经DSA检查,9例有阳性发现,2例为阴性结果;共5例即时行栓塞治疗成功止血;9例行手术治疗.定性诊断符合率为77.8%(7/9);定位诊断符合率88.9%(8/9).结论 D8A在不明原因的消化道出血疾病诊断中有着较高的阳性发现率及定性、定位诊断符合率,介入栓塞治疗有着可靠的即时止血率.     

选择性动脉造影和内镜检查对不明原因消化道出血诊断的对比研究

目的 比较选择性动脉造影和内镜检查对不明原因消化道出血的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析31例不明原因消化道出血患者的血管造影、胃镜、结肠镜、病理结果，以病理结果为标准，比较两者对出血的显示情况和诊断正确率。结果 整体上选择性动脉造影与内镜检查(胃镜、结肠镜)对不明原因消化道出血的诊断无显著性差异(P＞0．05)；选择性动脉造影在出血活动期对不明原因消化道出血的诊断优于内镜检查(胃镜、结肠镜)，选择性动脉造影与内镜检查(胃镜、结肠镜)在出血间歇期对不明原因消化道出血的诊断无明显差异。结论 为明确消化道出血原因，急性大出血时选择性动脉造影是首选方法；慢性问断少量出血时，如果常规无创检查方法皆为阴性，行选择性动脉造影也是必要的。     

血管造影对胃肠道出血诊断的评价

分析消化道急、慢性出血而行肠系膜上动脉造影，并经手术病理证实血管性病变的患者１２例，认为肠系膜上动脉造影是肠道血管性病变的首选检查方法。对急性的、出血量０．５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ以上者有定位，甚至定性作用。对慢性“不明原因”消化道出血行肠系膜上动脉造影可提高诊断率，建议对于急性消化道出血者可急诊作肠系膜上动脉造影检查然后再行药物或手术治疗。对慢性不明原因的消化道出血可与同位素扫描结合确定腹部出血的区域再行造影检查以求明确诊断。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.